BRITISH STANDARD BS EN

137:1993
Incorporating
Amendment No. 1

Specification for

Respiratory protective
devices:
self-contained
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open-circuit
compressed air
breathing apparatus

The European Standard EN 137:1993 has the status of a

British Standard

UDC 614.894-72:620.1:62-777
 BS EN 137:1993

Cooperating organizations

The European Committee for Standardization (CEN), under whose supervision

this European Standard was prepared, comprises the national standards
organizations of the following countries.

Austria Oesterreichisches Normungsinstitut

Belgium Institut belge de normalisation
Denmark Dansk Standardiseringsraad
Finland Suomen Standardisoimisliito, r.y.
France Association française de normalisation
Germany Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V.
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Greece Hellenic Organization for Standardization

Iceland Technological Institute of Iceland
Ireland National Standards Authority of Ireland
Italy Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione
Luxembourg Inspection du Travail et des Mines
Netherlands Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut
Norway Norges Standardiseringsforbund
Portugal Instituto Portuguès da Qualidade
Spain Asociación Española de Normalización y Certificación
Sweden Standardiseringskommissionen i Sverige
Switzerland Association suisse de normalisation
United Kingdom British Standards Institution

This British Standard, having

been prepared under the
direction of the Personal Safety
Equipment Standards Policy
Committee, was published
under the authority of the
Standards Board and comes
into effect on
15 April 1993

© BSI 02-1999 Amendments issued since publication

First published June 1988
Second edition April 1993
Amd. No. Date Comments

8167 May 1994 Indicated by a sideline in the margin

The following BSI references
relate to the work on this
standard:
Committee reference PSM/14
Draft for comment 90/48400 DC

ISBN 0 580 20931 8

 BS EN 137:1993

Contents

Page
Cooperating organizations Inside front cover
National foreword ii
Foreword 2
Introduction 3
1 Scope 3
2 Normative references 3
3 Definitions 3
4 Classification 3
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5 Requirements 3
6 Testing 8
7 Marking 15
8 Instructions for use 15
Annex A Recommendations for static and dynamic pressure for
apparatus with thread connector in accordance with EN 148-3 16
Figure 1 — Scheme of a test rig for flammability of a full face mask 10
Figure 2 — Arrangement of the six propane burners i.e. with lung
governed demand valve 12
Figure 3 — Scheme of harness material single burner flame test 13
Figure 4 — Scheme of safety valve test 14
Figure A.1 — Scheme of a test rig for dynamic pressure 17
Table 1 — Untitled 6
National annex NA (informative) Committees responsible Inside back cover
National annex NB (informative) Cross-references Inside back cover

© BSI 02-1999 i
 BS EN 137:1993

National foreword

This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Personal
Safety Equipment Standards Policy Committee and is the English language
version of EN 137 “Respiratory protective devices — Self-contained open-circuit
compressed air breathing apparatus — Requirements, testing, marking”,
published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). It supersedes
BS 7004:1988 which is withdrawn.
EN 137 was produced as a result of international discussions in which the
United Kingdom took an active part.
A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.
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Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity

from legal obligations.

Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii,
the EN title page, pages 2 to 18, an inside back cover and a back cover.
This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had
amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on
the inside front cover.

ii © BSI 02-1999
 EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 137
NORME EUROPÉENNE
January 1993
EUROPÄISCHE NORM

UDC 614.894-72:620.1:62-777 Supersedes EN 137:1986

Descriptors: Accident prevention, personal protective equipment, respiratory protective equipment, compressed air, specifications,
tests, marking

English version

Respiratory protective devices —

Self-contained open-circuit compressed air
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breathing apparatus — Requirements, testing, marking

Appareils de protection respiratoire — Atemschutzgeräte — Behältergeräte mit

Appareils de protection respiratoire autonomes Druckluft (Preßluftatmer) — Anforderungen,
à circuit ouvert, à air comprimé — Exigences, Prüfung, Kennzeichnung
essais, marquage

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1993-01-18. CEN members

are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a
national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any
CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French,
German). A version in any other language made by translation under the
responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the
Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium,
Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and
United Kingdom.

CEN
European Committee for Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation
Europäisches Komitee für Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels

© 1993 Copyright reserved to CEN members

Ref. No. EN 137:1993 E
 EN 137:1993

Foreword
This European Standard was prepared by the
Technical Committee CEN/TC 79 “Respiratory
protective devices”, of which the secretariat is held
by DIN.
This European Standard has been prepared under a
mandate given to CEN by the Commission of the
European Communities and the European Free
Trade Association, and supports essential
requirements of the EC Directive(s).
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This European Standard shall be given the status of

a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by
July 1993, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by July 1993.
The Standard was approved and in accordance with
the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the
following countries are bound to implement this
European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway,
Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
United Kingdom.

2 © BSI 02-1999

Introduction
A given respiratory protective device can only be
approved when the individual components satisfy
the requirements of the test specification which may
be a complete standard or part of a standard, and
practical performance tests have been carried out on
complete apparatus where specified in the
appropriate standard. If for any reason a complete
apparatus is not tested then simulation of the
apparatus is permitted provided the respiratory
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characteristics and weight distribution are similar
to those of the complete apparatus.
1 Scope
This European Standard refers to self-contained
open-circuit compressed air breathing apparatus
used as respiratory protective devices, except escape
apparatus and diving apparatus. It specifies the
minimum requirements for self-contained
open-circuit compressed air breathing apparatus.
Laboratory and practical performance tests are
included for the assessment of compliance with the
requirements.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or
undated reference, provisions from other
publications. These normative references are cited
at the appropriate places in the text and the
publications are listed hereafter. For dated
references, subsequent amendments to or revisions
of any of these publications apply to this
European Standard only when incorporated in it by
amendment or revision. For undated references the
latest edition of the publication referred to applies.
EN 132, Respiratory protective devices; Definitions.
EN 134, Respiratory protective devices;
Nomenclature of components.
EN 136, Respiratory protective devices; Full face
masks; Requirements, testing, marking.
EN 136-10, Respiratory protective devices; Full face
masks for special use; Requirements, testing,
marking.
EN 142, Respiratory protective devices; Mouthpiece
assemblies; Requirements, testing, marking.
EN 148-1, Respiratory protective devices; Threads
for facepieces; Standard thread connection.
EN 148-2, Respiratory protective devices; Threads
for facepieces; Centre thread connection.
EN 148-3, Respiratory protective devices; Threads
for facepieces; Thread connection M 45 × 3.
© BSI 02-1999
EN 137:1993
3 Definitions and description
For the purposes of this European Standard the
definitions given in EN 132 and the nomenclature of
the components given in EN 134 apply together
with the following.
A self-contained open-circuit compressed air
breathing apparatus is an apparatus which has a
portable supply of compressed air and is
independent of the ambient atmosphere.
Abbreviation: compressed air breathing apparatus:
CABA.
Compressed air breathing apparatus are designed
and constructed to enable the wearer to breathe air
on demand from a high pressure air cylinder (or
cylinders) either via a pressure reducer and a lung
governed demand valve or a lung governed demand
valve connected to the facepiece. The exhaled air
passes without recirculation from the facepiece via
the exhalation valve to the ambient atmosphere.
4 Classification
Compressed air breathing apparatus are classified
according to the following effective air volumes at a
pressure of 1 bar absolute and a temperature
of 20 °C:
— at least 500 l
— at least 600 l
— at least 800 l
— at least 1 200 l
— at least 1 600 l
— at least 2 000 l
5 Requirements
5.1 Design
The apparatus shall be of simple and reliable
construction and as compact as possible. The design
of the apparatus shall be such as to allow its reliable
inspection.
The apparatus shall be sufficiently robust to
withstand the rough usage it is likely to receive in
service.
The apparatus shall be designed so that there are no
protruding parts likely to be caught on projections
in narrow passages.
The finish of any part of the apparatus likely to be
in contact with the wearer shall be free from sharp
edges or burrs.
The apparatus shall be designed so that the wearer
can remove it and, while still wearing the facepiece,
continue to breathe from the apparatus.
The apparatus shall be designed to ensure its full
function in any orientation.
3
 BS EN 137:1993
The main valve(s) of air cylinder(s) shall be
arranged so that the wearer can operate it (them)
while wearing the apparatus.
If apparatus (of the same class) are designed for use
with different sizes of cylinders changing of
cylinders shall be possible without the use of special
tools.
Testing in accordance with 6.1 and 6.2.
The apparatus shall continue to function
satisfactorily after being submerged in water to a
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maximum depth of 1 m.
Testing in accordance with 6.1.
WARNING. The apparatus is not designed for use
under water.
5.2 Materials
All materials used shall have adequate mechanical
strength, durability and resistance to deterioration.
The materials used shall be anti-static as far as it is
practicable.
Exposed parts i.e. those which may be subjected to
impact during use of the apparatus shall not be
made of aluminium, magnesium, titanium or alloys
containing such proportions of these metals as will,
on impact, give rise to frictional sparks capable of
igniting flammable gas mixtures.
Any cylinder making use of such materials shall be
adequately protected. If national regulations allow
the use of such cylinders, then, when tested for
impact and scraping no metal shall be exposed.
Material that may come into contact with the
wearer’s skin shall not be known to be likely to
cause irritation or any other adverse effect to
health.
Testing in accordance with 6.1 and 6.2.
5.3 Cleaning and disinfecting
The materials used shall withstand the cleaning
and disinfecting agents and procedure
recommended by the manufacturer.
Testing in accordance with 6.1.
5.4 Mass
The mass of the apparatus as ready for use with
facepiece and fully charged compressed air
cylinder(s) shall not exceed 18 kg.
Testing in accordance with 6.1.
5.5 Connections (couplings)
The design and construction of the apparatus shall
permit its components to be readily separated for
cleaning, inspecting and testing. Demountable
connections to achieve this shall be readily
connected and secured, preferably by hand.
4 © BSI 02-1999
Any means for sealing used shall be retained in
position when the connection(s) is (are)
disconnected during normal maintenance.
Testing in accordance with 6.1 and 6.2.
5.6 Facepiece connector
The connection between the breathing apparatus
and the facepiece may be achieved by a permanent,
special or thread type connector.
A thread connector shall comply with the
requirements of one of the following standards.
— EN 148-1 for breathing apparatus without
positive pressure
— EN 148-2 for closed-circuit breathing
apparatus
— EN 148-3 for breathing apparatus with
positive pressure.
If any other thread type connector is used it shall
not be possible to connect it to the above mentioned
threads.
The standard thread according to EN 148-1 shall
not be used for apparatus with positive pressure,
closed-circuit apparatus and diving apparatus.
The thread according to EN 148-2 shall not be used
for open-circuit devices and diving apparatus.
The thread according to EN 148-3 shall not be used
for apparatus without positive pressure,
closed-circuit apparatus and diving apparatus.
Testing in accordance with 6.1.
If a thread connector in accordance with EN 148-3 is
used then the requirements of Annex A should be
met, when tested in accordance with Annex A.
5.7 Body harness
The body harness shall be designed to allow the user
to don and doff the apparatus quickly and easily
without assistance and shall be adjustable. All
adjusting devices shall be so constructed that once
adjusted they will not slip inadvertently.
The body harness shall be constructed such that
when tested in practical performance tests the
apparatus shall be worn without avoidable
discomfort, the wearer shall show no undue sign of
strain attributable to wearing the apparatus, and
that the apparatus shall impede the wearer as little
as possible when in a crouched position or when
working in a confined space.
Testing in accordance with 6.1 and 6.2.
The material of the straps and of the buckles shall
be considered to be flame resistant if it does not
burn or if it does not continue to burn after 5 s after
removal from the test flame.

The harness shall be considered satisfactory if
during the practical performance test it does not slip
and continues to hold the apparatus securely to the
wearer’s body throughout the duration of the test.
Testing in accordance with 6.3.1.4.
5.8 Practical performance tests
In addition to the machine tests described the
apparatus shall also undergo practical performance
tests under realistic conditions. These general
practical performance tests serve the purpose to
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check the apparatus for imperfections that cannot
be determined by the tests described elsewhere in
this European Standard.
Where in the opinion of the testing authority
approval is not granted because practical
performance tests show the apparatus has
imperfections related to wearer’s acceptance the
testing authority shall describe the tests which
revealed these imperfections. This will enable other
testing stations to duplicate the tests and assess the
results thereof.
Testing in accordance with 6.2 and 6.3.2.
5.9 Resistance to temperature and
flammability
5.9.1 Storage
After conditioning and return to (20 ± 3) °C the
connectors between apparatus and facepiece shall
be examined.
For standardized threads a thread gauge shall be
used to check dimensions.
For all equipment connectors a pull test as described
in clauses 4.12.3 and 5.7 of EN 136 shall be applied
and no separation shall occur.
After the test the equipment connector shall be
dimensionally correct.
Testing in accordance with 6.3.1.5.
5.9.2 Temperature-performance
The apparatus shall operate trouble-free over the
temperature range of – 30 °C to 60 °C.
Apparatus specifically designed for temperatures
beyond these limits shall be tested and marked
accordingly.
5.9.2.1 Low temperature
For breathing apparatus without positive pressure
the inhalation resistance shall not exceed 10 mbar.
For breathing apparatus with positive pressure a
positive pressure shall be maintained in the cavity
of the mask adjacent to the face seal.
The exhalation resistance of all types of apparatus
shall not exceed 10 mbar.
Testing in accordance with 6.3.1.1.
© BSI 02-1999
EN 137:1993
5.9.2.2 Breathing resistance at high temperature
5.9.2.2.1 Apparatus without positive pressure
For breathing apparatus without positive pressure
the inhalation resistance shall not exceed 7 mbar.
The exhalation resistance shall not exceed 3 mbar.
Testing in accordance with 6.3.1.2.1.
5.9.2.2.2 Apparatus with positive pressure
For breathing apparatus with positive pressure a
positive pressure shall be maintained in the cavity
of the mask adjacent to the face seal.
The exhalation resistance shall not exceed 10 mbar.
Testing in accordance with 6.3.1.2.2.
5.9.3 Flammability
When tested in accordance with 6.3.1.3 the
breathing tube(s) (leading to facepiece), medium
pressure tube(s) and lung governed demand valve
shall prove to be “self-extinguishing”, i.e. the
material shall not be of highly flammable nature
and when tested in accordance with 6.3.1.3 the
parts shall not continue to burn for more than 5 s
after removal from the flame.
The components are considered to be resistant to
flammability in accordance with this standard if
they remain leaktight after the test although they
may be deformed.
5.9.4 Resistance to radiant heat
The breathing tube(s) (leading to facepiece),
medium pressure tube(s) and lung governed
demand valve shall be tested for resistance to
radiant heat.
The components are considered to be resistant to
radiant heat in accordance with this standard if
they remain leaktight after a test period of 20 min
although they may be deformed.
Testing in accordance with EN 136-10.
5.10 Protection against particulate matter
The piece parts of the apparatus supplying
compressed air shall be reliably protected against
the penetration of particulate matter that may be
contained in the compressed air.
Testing in accordance with 6.1.
5.11 High pressure parts
Metallic high pressure tubes, valves and couplings
shall be tested to prove that they are capable of
withstanding a pressure of 50 % above the
maximum filling pressure of the compressed air
cylinder.
Non-metallic parts shall be tested to prove that they
are capable of withstanding a pressure of twice the
maximum filling pressure of the compressed air
cylinder.
5
 BS EN 137:1993
Testing in accordance with 6.1.
5.12 High and low pressure connections
It shall not be possible to fit a low pressure tube or
hose directly to a high pressure part of the circuit.
Testing in accordance with 6.1.
5.13 Air cylinders
The air cylinder shall comply with appropriate
national regulations. The cylinder shall be approved
with respect to the appropriate filling pressure.
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Where cylinders are reused cylinder neck threads
may be of the old national design.
Testing in accordance with 6.1.
5.14 Cylinder valves
The design of the cylinder valve shall be such as to
ensure safe performance.
The cylinder valve shall be protected against
blockage and transmission of particulate matter
that may be contained in the compressed air.
The valve shall be so designed that the valve spindle
cannot be completely unscrewed from the assembly
during normal operation of valve.
The valve shall be designed or so located that it
cannot be closed inadvertently.
This is met e.g. by at least 2 turns from fully open to
fully closed position.
Apparatus fitted with more than one cylinder may
be fitted with individual valves on each cylinder.
It shall not be possible to fit two or more cylinders of
different filling pressures to the same apparatus.
Testing in accordance with 6.1.
5.15 Compressed air cylinder valve outlet
The compressed air cylinder valve outlet shall
comply with EN 144-2.
Testing in accordance with 6.1.
5.16 Pressure reducer
If the apparatus is designed with a pressure
reducer, any adjustable medium pressure stage
shall be reliably secured against accidental
alteration and adequately sealed so that any
unauthorized adjustment can be detected.
Testing in accordance with 6.1.
5.16.1 Apparatus with a pressure reducer
safety valve
A pressure reducer safety valve shall be provided if
the down stream parts of the apparatus cannot take
full cylinder pressure.
The pressure reducer safety valve shall be designed
to pass an air flow of 400 l/min at a medium
pressure not exceeding 30 bar.
6 © BSI 02-1999
With the pressure reducer safety valve activated,
the inhalation and exhalation breathing resistance
shall not exceed 25 mbar.
Testing in accordance with 6.4 and 6.4.1.
5.16.2 Apparatus without a pressure safety
valve
Where a pressure reducer safety valve is not
provided, the breathing resistance requirements
of 5.16.1 shall be met.
Testing in accordance with 6.4 and 6.4.2.
5.17 Pressure gauge
The apparatus shall be equipped with a reliable
pressure gauge which will read the pressure in the
cylinder(s) on opening the valve(s) to ensure that
the individual or the equilibrated pressure is
measured respectively.
The pressure gauge shall be positioned to enable the
pressure to be read conveniently by the wearer.
NOTE National regulations for use may permit the pressure
gauge to be located on the back.
The pressure gauge tube shall be sufficiently robust
to withstand rough usage. Where the tube is
protected by a cover the enclosed space shall be
vented to the atmosphere.
The pressure gauge shall be resistant to water and
shall withstand immersion in water at a depth
of 1 m for 24 h. After the test, no water shall be
visible in the device.
Testing in accordance with 6.1.
The pressure gauge shall be graduated from the
zero mark up to a value of at least 50 bar above the
maximum filling pressure of the cylinder.
The accuracy of the reading when tested at
decreasing pressure shall have the following
tolerances when compared with a test gauge:
Table 1
Pressure Tolerance
300 bar ± 10 bar
200 bar ± 10 bar
100 bar ± 10 bar
40 bar + 0 bar
– 5 bar
It shall be possible to read the gauge marking (as
given in Table 1 in poor light.
The design of the gauge shall enable the wearer to
estimate the pressure to within 10 bar.
When pressure gauge and connecting hose are
removed from the apparatus, then the flow shall not
exceed 25 l/min at 200 bar.
Testing in accordance with 6.1.

5.17.1 Pressure gauge of the pointer type
The pressure gauge shall be provided with a blow
out release which protects the wearer against
injuries.
The gauge window shall be made of a material being
non-splintering when breaking.
Testing in accordance with 6.1.
5.17.2 Pressure gauge of the Braille type
The sliding indicator pin shall be secured against
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accidental blow out.
Testing in accordance with 6.1.
5.18 Warning device
The apparatus shall have a suitable warning device
that operates when the cylinder pressure drops to a
pre-determined level to warn the wearer.
The warning device shall either be activated
automatically when the cylinder valve(s) is (are)
opened, or if manually activated it shall not be
possible to use the apparatus before the device is
activated.
The warning device shall respond at a pressure of
(55 ± 5) bar or when at least 200 l of air remain
within the cylinder. Warning devices may be fitted
with other pressure settings than 55 bar or at an air
capacity in excess of 200 l when special user
requirements exist. After response of the warning
device, the wearer shall be able to continue
breathing without difficulty.
Testing in accordance with 6.1 and 6.5.
5.18.1 Audible warning device
If there is an audible warning device the sound
pressure level shall be at least 90 dB (A) measured
at the ear nearest to the device.
The signal may be continuous or intermittent. At
the predetermined operating pressure of the
warning device ± 5 bar the duration of the warning
at 90 dB (A) shall be at least 15 s for a continuous
signal, and 60 s for an intermittent signal and
thereafter shall continue to sound down to 10 bar.
The frequency range shall be between 2 000 Hz
and 4 000 Hz.
The air loss that might be caused by the warning
signal shall not exceed an average of 5 l/min from
response of signal to a pressure of 10 bar or not
exceed a total of 85 l.
The warning device shall continue to operate in a
temperature range of 0 °C to 10 °C at a relative
humidity of 90 %.
Testing in accordance with 6.2 and 6.5.
© BSI 02-1999
EN 137:1993
5.19 Flexible hoses and tubes
5.19.1 Breathing hose
Breathing hoses shall be flexible and non-kinking.
The breathing hoses shall permit free head
movement and shall not restrict or close off the
supply under chin or arm pressure during practical
performance tests.
The hose shall not collapse.
Testing in accordance with 6.2.
5.19.2 Medium pressure connecting tube
Tubes to the demand valve (connections included)
shall withstand, for 15 min, twice the operating
pressure of the pressure reducer safety valve or at
least 30 bar whichever is the higher.
5.20 Lung governed demand valve
Testing in accordance with 6.1, 6.6 and 6.7.
5.20.1 Breathable air supply
The breathable air supply shall be sufficient for a
sinusoidal flow of 40 × 2.5 l/min at all cylinder
pressures above 20 bar and of 25 × 2 l/min at a
cylinder pressure of 10 bar.
5.20.2 Without positive pressure
The negative pressure for opening the lung
governed demand valve shall be between 0,5
and 3,5 mbar when tested using a continuous flow
of 10 l/min, from maximum filling pressure
to 10 bar.
A self-opening of the demand valve at negative
pressures of less than 0,5 mbar shall not occur.
At a sinusoidal flow of 40 × 2,5 l/min the negative
pressure shall not exceed 10 m/bar at all pressures
from maximum filling pressure to 20 bar.
5.20.3 With positive pressure
The lung governed demand valve for positive
pressure apparatus shall be fitted with a manual or
an automatic change-over switch.
5.20.4 Supplementary air supply
Apparatus without positive pressure shall be
provided with a manually operated means of
providing a supply of air at a flow rate of at
least 60 l/min at all cylinder pressures above 50 bar.
Apparatus with positive pressure may be provided
with such a device.
5.20.5 Leaktightness
The assembled apparatus shall be so designed and
constructed as to prevent ingress of the external
atmosphere as well as to prevent a substantial
reduction of the effective duration.
7
 BS EN 137:1993
5.20.5.1 Without positive pressure
The assembled apparatus without facepiece shall be
tested for leaktightness at a negative and a positive
pressure of 7,5 mbar. After the pressure has
stabilized the pressure change shall not be greater
than 0,3 mbar in 1 min.
Testing in accordance with 6.7.1.
When tested in accordance with 6.7.2 the pressure
change shall not be greater than 10 bar in 1 min.
5.20.5.2 With positive pressure
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When tested in accordance with 6.7.2 the pressure
change shall not exceed 20 bar in 1 min.
5.21 Adjustable parts
All parts requiring manipulation by the wearer
shall be readily accessible and easily
distinguishable from one another by touch. All
adjustable parts and controls shall be constructed so
that their adjustment is not liable to accidental
alteration during use.
Testing in accordance with 6.1.
5.22 Facepiece
Only a full face mask in accordance with EN 136 or
a mouthpiece assembly in accordance with EN 142
shall be used.
Testing in accordance with 6.1.
5.23 Breathing resistance
Testing in accordance with 6.6.
5.23.1 Inhalation resistance
5.23.1.1 Without positive pressure
At a sinusoidal flow of 25 × 2 l/min the inhalation
resistance of an apparatus without facepiece shall
not exceed 4,5 mbar at all cylinder pressures from
maximum filling pressure to 10 bar.
Where a lung governed demand valve is attached to
a full face mask the negative pressure shall not
exceed 7 mbar.
5.23.1.2 With positive pressure
The apparatus shall be designed such that positive
pressure is maintained in the cavity of the mask
adjacent to the face seal. The pressure shall be
positive but not exceed 5 mbar.
At a sinusoidal flow of 40 × 2,5 l/min this
requirement shall be met at all cylinder pressures
above 20 bar and at a sinusoidal flow of 25 × 2 l/min
the requirement shall be met down to a cylinder
pressure of 10 bar.
If the apparatus is equipped with a thread connector
in accordance with EN 148-3 then the test rig
described in Annex A.2 should be used.
8 © BSI 02-1999
5.23.2 Exhalation resistance
This requirement applies only to apparatus with
incorporated facepiece.
5.23.2.1 Without positive pressure
The exhalation resistance shall not exceed 3,0 mbar.
5.23.2.2 With positive pressure
The exhalation valve shall have an opening
resistance not exceeding 6 mbar at a continuous
flow of 10 l/min and a resistance not
exceeding 7 mbar at a sinusoidal flow of 25 × 2 l/min
and a resistance not exceeding 10 mbar at a
sinusoidal flow of 40 × 2,5 l/min.
5.24 Static pressure
The static pressure in the mask cavity under
conditions of equilibrium shall not exceed 5 mbar.
6 Testing
If no special measuring devices or measuring
methods are specified, commonly used methods and
devices should be applied.
Positive pressure apparatus shall be tested as
complete apparatus including the facepiece as
supplied by the applicant.
6.1 Visual inspection
The visual inspection shall be carried out where
appropriate by the test station prior to laboratory or
practical performance tests. The visual inspection
shall include marking and instructions for use.
6.2 Practical performance tests
Practical performance tests shall be performed with
two apparatus and four test subjects.
6.2.1 Test subjects
The apparatus shall be tested by test subjects
practising regularly with breathing apparatus and
their medical history shall be known to be
satisfactorily. They shall be medically examined
and certified fit to undertake the test procedures.
The necessity of a medical examination immediately
before tests and a medical supervision during the
tests shall be decided by the testing authority.
6.2.2 Apparatus to be tested
For practical performance tests only apparatus
which has passed the laboratory tests shall be used.
6.2.3 Preparation of apparatus to be tested
Before starting each test the apparatus shall be
checked for leak tightness and opening pressure of
the demand valve. The cylinder pressure at the start
of the test shall correspond to the prescribed filling
pressure.

6.2.4 Test procedure
All tests shall be carried out at room temperature
and the test temperature and humidity shall be
recorded.
During the test the apparatus shall be subjectively
assessed by the wearer and the wearers’ comments
and the following details shall be recorded after the
test:
a) harness comfort
b) security of fastenings and couplings
Licensed copy:SembCorp Utilities UK Limited, 15/09/2004, Uncontrolled Copy, © BSI
c) accessibility of controls and pressure gauge
d) clarity of vision of the visor of the facepiece
(if applicable)
e) supplementary supply (if fitted)
f) speech transmission
g) warning device
h) any other comment reported by the wearer on
request.
6.2.4.1 Walking test
Two subjects in normal working clothes wearing the
apparatus shall walk at a regular rate of 6 km/h on
a level course. The test shall be continuous, without
removal of the apparatus, for a period equal to the
working duration of the apparatus or 30 min,
whichever is less.
NOTE If the warning device has not operated during
the 30 min test period, the cylinder pressure shall be reduced
manually to the warning pressure range to check the
effectiveness of the latter, which shall conform with the
requirements of 5.18.
6.2.4.2 Work simulation test
The apparatus shall be tested under conditions
which can be expected during normal use. During
this test the following activities shall be done in
simulation of the practical use of the apparatus. The
test shall be completed within a total working time
of 30 min.
The sequence of activities is at the discretion of the
test authority. The individual activities shall be
arranged so that sufficient time is left for the
measurements prescribed.
a) Thirty strokes on a work machine, each stroke
being vertical from 1,8 m towards the ground on
a mass of 25 kg, giving a total work load
of 13 500 N·m.
b) Walking on the level with full headroom (total
distance 125 m)1).
c) Walking on the level with headroom of
(1,3 ± 0,2) m (total distance 200 m)1).
d) Crawling on the level with headroom
of (0,70 ± 0,05) m (total distance 100 m)1).
1)
These activities may be split for convenience by the testing officer.
© BSI 02-1999
EN 137:1993
e) Climbing up and down a ladder, passing once,
in each direction through a 460 mm square
opening (total vertical distance 20 m)1).
f) Crawling through a narrow section (4 m long)
which is so low that the test subject has to doff the
apparatus and push it in front of him or pull it
behind him while still breathing from the
apparatus.
g) Laying out of a firehose of at least 15 m in
length and recoiling the same.
This test shall be continuous, without removal of the
apparatus, for an initial period of
approximately 15 min, after which the subject shall
have a rest period of 5 min during which he can be
medically assessed and allows for time to change the
compressed air cylinder if the testing officer
considers that there may be insufficient air to
complete the test.
The second section of the test shall then continue to
complete a working time of 30 min. If the exercises
have been completed within less than 30 min, the
remaining time is used by the subject to walk
at 6 km/h.
6.3 Resistance to temperature and
flammability
6.3.1 Laboratory tests with a breathing
machine
6.3.1.1 Tests at low temperature
The apparatus including the compressed air
cylinder(s) and facepiece according to EN 136 or
EN 142 shall be cooled in an ambient temperature
of (– 30 ± 3) °C for at least 4 h.
In the case of wrapped composite cylinders the time
shall be at least 12 h.
Subsequently the apparatus shall be connected to a
breathing machine placed outside the cooling
system. The breathing machine shall then be
operated at a minute volume
of 50 l (25 cycles/min, 2 l/stroke) until the
compressed air supply is exhausted (20 bar).
The test shall be repeated with the same cooled
apparatus, after having replaced the empty
cylinder(s) by a) fully charged cylinder(s) previously
stored at room temperature.
6.3.1.2 Tests at high temperature
The apparatus including compressed air cylinder(s)
(filling pressure: 100 bar) and a facepiece according
to EN 136 or EN 142 is stored in a chamber at a
temperature of (60 ± 3) °C and a relative humidity of
not more than 50 % for 4 h.
9
 BS EN 137:1993

6.3.1.2.1 Apparatus without positive pressure
The apparatus shall be tested using a breathing
machine operating at 25 cycles/min, 2 l/stroke until
the compressed air supply is exhausted (20 bar).
6.3.1.2.2 Apparatus with positive pressure
The apparatus shall be tested using a breathing
machine operating at 40 cycles/min, 2,5 l/stroke
until the compressed air supply is
exhausted (20 bar).
Licensed copy:SembCorp Utilities UK Limited, 15/09/2004, Uncontrolled Copy, © BSI
The temperature of the flame at a height of 250 mm
above the burner tips and in the centre of the
triangle formed by the burners, shall
be (950 ± 50) °C.
In order to achieve the correct temperature, it may
be necessary to adjust the air control valve on each
burner to an optimum and to shield the whole test
apparatus from the effect of external air flows.
The specimen shall be exposed to the flames for a
period of 5 s.

6.3.1.3 Flammability
6.3.1.4 Flammability of body harness
The specimen shall be tested for flammability for a
The harness material shall be tested by placing the
short period with a test rig as shown in Figure 1 and
material in a luminous propane gas flame. The air
Figure 2. This test rig consists mainly of a propane
valve on the burner shall be fully closed. The flame
cylinder with flow control device and pressure
height shall be adjusted to 40 mm by regulating the
gauge, flash back arrester, six propane burners
gas supply and the flame shall have a temperature
being adjustable in height.
of (800 ± 50) °C measured at a height of 20 mm
The test rig shall be adjusted as follows: above the base of the flame. The material under test
The distance between specimen and burner tips shall be held horizontally at a height of 20 mm
shall be 250 mm. above the base of the flame for a period of 12 s such
Fully open the propane control valve on each of the that the flame impinges on the edge of the
six burners. Initially close the air control valve on component under test with a test rig as shown
each of the six burners. Adjust the propane cylinder in Figure 3.
output regulator to a pressure2) such that a
flowmeter in the main propane supply line indicates
a total flow to all six burners of (21 ± 0,5) l/min
propane.

Figure 1 — Scheme of a test rig for flammability of a full face mask

2)
Note
Dependent on the gas jet size in the Bunsen burner, the pressure regulator will need to be adjusted in the range 0.3 – 1.25 bar.

10 © BSI 02-1999

6.3.1.5 Temperature conditioning
One apparatus shall be exposed to the following
thermal cycle:
a) for 72 h to a dry atmosphere of (70 ± 3) °C
b) for 72 h to an atmosphere of (70 ± 3) °C
at 95 – 100 % relative humidity
c) for 24 h to a temperature of (– 30 ± 3) °C
WARNING. The cylinders shall be charged to not
more than 50 % of filling pressure during
Licensed copy:SembCorp Utilities UK Limited, 15/09/2004, Uncontrolled Copy, © BSI
conditioning.
6.3.2 Practical performance tests
6.3.2.1 Test at low temperature
6.3.2.1.1 Preparation of apparatus to be tested
Two sets of apparatus, as ready for use, shall be
cooled at a temperature of (– 30 ± 3) °C for a period
of 4 h.
6.3.2.1.2 Test procedure
Two warmly clothed subjects shall don the cooled
apparatus in a cold chamber and perform work at an
ambient temperature of (– 15 ± 3) °C. The test shall
be continuous without removal of the apparatus
over a period of 30 min or at least until the warning
device starts to operate.
The work shall be equally divided between:
a) walking and crawling slowly
b) carrying and building with wooden blocks or
similar.
At the end of the test, the resistance to breathing
shall be measured to determine whether there is
any obstruction, and the apparatus shall be
examined for malfunction due to the low
temperature.
6.3.2.2 Test at low temperature after storage at room
temperature
6.3.2.2.1 Preparation of apparatus to be tested
Two sets of apparatus as ready for use shall be
stored at room temperature (23 ± 2) °C for at
least 4 h.
6.3.2.2.2 Test procedure
Two warmly clothed subjects shall don the
apparatus at room temperature (about 23 °C) and
enter a cold chamber of (– 6 ± 2) °C. The same test
programme as that described in 6.3.2.1.2 shall be
carried out for a period of 30 min or at least until the
warning device starts to operate.
3)
Information may be obtained from the secretariat of CEN/TC 79.
© BSI 02-1999
EN 137:1993
6.4 Pressure reducer
The apparatus including facepiece is connected to a
breathing machine by a suitable connector;
apparatus with a full face mask shall be fitted to the
“Sheffield” dummy head and apparatus with a
mouthpiece shall be connected directly to the outlet
of the breathing machine. The breathing machine is
adjusted to 25 cycles/min and 2 l/stroke
(see Figure 4).
6.4.1 Apparatus with a pressure reducer safety
valve
With the breathing machine not operating, a
suitable flow measuring device is connected to the
outlet of the safety valve and air is supplied to the
medium pressure side of the pressure reducer. The
air supply pressure is gradually increased until a
flow of 400 l/min passes through the safety valve.
Whilst under these conditions, the breathing
machine is started and the breathing resistance is
measured at the appropriate pressure sample point.
6.4.2 Apparatus without a pressure reducer
safety valve
The outlet of the demand valve is connected to a
suitable flow measuring device. Air is supplied to
the medium pressure side of the pressure reducer
and the air supply pressure is gradually increased.
The medium pressure required to create a
continuous flow of 400 l/min through the safety
valve is recorded.
Under these conditions, a breathing machine test is
conducted on the complete apparatus including the
facepiece and the breathing resistance is measured
at the appropriate pressure sample point.
6.5 Warning device
The performance of the warning device is measured
during a breathing machine test
at 25 cycles/min × 2 l/stroke.
To test the warning device at temperatures
between 0 °C and 10 °C, air shall be passed through
the apparatus in a climatic test chamber using a
breathing machine (adjusted
to 25 cycles/min × 2 l/stroke).
During the test, the environment of the apparatus
shall have a temperature of (3 10 °C and a relative
humidity of > 90 %.
Every 5 min, water shall be sprayed on for 3 s using
a spray gun3) directed at the warning device from a
distance of 200 mm.
The test shall be repeated immediately after this.
11
 BS EN 137:1993
Licensed copy:SembCorp Utilities UK Limited, 15/09/2004, Uncontrolled Copy, © BSI

Figure 2 — Arrangement of the six propane burners i.e. with lung governed demand valve

12 © BSI 02-1999
 EN 137:1993
Licensed copy:SembCorp Utilities UK Limited, 15/09/2004, Uncontrolled Copy, © BSI

Figure 3 — Scheme of harness material single burner flame test

© BSI 02-1999 13
Licensed copy:SembCorp Utilities UK Limited, 15/09/2004, Uncontrolled Copy, © B
© BSI 02-1999 14

Figure 4 — Scheme of safety valve test

EN 137:1993

6.6 Breathing resistance
The breathing resistance of the apparatus and its
connections shall be determined using a breathing
machine with a sinusoidal characteristic adjusted to
either 25 cycles/min and 2 l/stroke or 40 cycles/min
and 2,5 l/stroke. A precision gauge shall be used.
If necessary, the breathing resistance of the tubing
and dummy head shall be subtracted from the
measured value to determine the breathing
resistance of the apparatus.
Licensed copy:SembCorp Utilities UK Limited, 15/09/2004, Uncontrolled Copy, © BSI
During the measurement the apparatus is in
normal wearing position.
6.7 Leaktightness
6.7.1 Low pressure test
The apparatus is tested with the cylinder valve(s)
closed and with the demand valve connected to a
device which will create a negative and a positive
pressure of 7,5 mbar and also to a manometer.
NOTE It may be necessary to seal the warning device during
the negative pressure test.
6.7.2 High pressure test
The apparatus including the fully charged air
cylinder(s) shall be assembled according to the
manufacturer’s instructions.
The cylinder valve is opened and when the
apparatus is completely pressurized, the cylinder
valve(s) is (are) closed and the pressure drop is
measured by observing the high pressure gauge of
the apparatus.
When testing positive pressure apparatus the
facepiece seal shall be completely sealed using a
dummy head or similar.
After the cylinder valve has been opened the
positive pressure device is actuated.
7 Marking
7.1 The manufacturer, supplier or importer shall be
identified by name, trade mark or other means of
identification.
7.2 Type identifying marking
7.3 The number of this European Standard
7.4 Serial number
7.5 Year of manufacture
7.6 Apparatus which meets the recommendations of
Annex A should be marked with an “A”.
7.7 Where the reliable performance of components
may be affected by ageing, the date (at least the
year) of manufacture shall be marked.
© BSI 02-1999
EN 137:1993
7.8 Sub-assemblies and components with
considerable bearing on safety shall be marked so
that they can be identified. If sub-assemblies with
considerable bearing on safety are too small to be
marked, the information shall be given in the
instructions for use.
7.9 Pressure reducer
The pressure reducer shall be durably marked with
a serial number. The marking shall be such that the
year of production can be ascertained. In addition,
provision shall be made to mark the date (year and
month) and test marks of the last testing performed.
7.10 The marking shall be as clearly visible and as
durable as possible.
8 Instructions for use
8.1 On delivery instructions for use shall accompany
every apparatus enabling trained and qualified
persons to use it.
8.2 Instructions for use shall be in the official
language(s) of the country of application.
8.3 The instructions for use shall contain all
information necessary for trained and qualified
persons on
— application/limitation
— checks prior to use
— donning, fitting
— use
— maintenance (preferably separately printed
instructions)
— storage
of the equipment.
8.4 The instructions shall include that the air
supply shall meet the requirements for breathable
air according to EN 132.
NOTE The figures given in EN 132 are valid if measured at
normal conditions (atmospheric pressure, room temperature).
8.5 The instructions shall be unambiguous. If
helpful, illustrations, part numbers, markings etc.
shall be added.
8.6 Any other information the supplier may wish to
provide.
15
 BS EN 137:1993
Annex A Recommendations for static
and dynamic pressure for apparatus
with thread connector in accordance
with EN 148-3
This annex is provided for apparatus which may be
inadvertently connected to an existing facepiece
with EN 148-3 thread connector. In the event of
inadvertent coupling of such facepieces to EN 137
apparatus these additional clauses are
recommended to ensure safe compatibility.
Licensed copy:SembCorp Utilities UK Limited, 15/09/2004, Uncontrolled Copy, © BSI
This annex does not imply that apparatus and
facepieces which have not been tested and approved
as complete apparatus may be used.
A.1 Static pressure
The lung governed demand valve of apparatus
designed with a connector according to EN 148-3
shall maintain a static pressure of # 3,9 mbar in the
positive pressure mode.
For testing, the lung governed demand valve shall
be fitted with a cap that can be ventilated and has a
port for measuring the pressure using a precision
manometer. An air flow of 5 l/min shall be released
for a short time. The static pressure shall be
measured after the ventilation is shut off.
16
A.2 Dynamic pressure
A positive pressure shall be maintained when the
apparatus is tested with a breathing machine
(adjusted to 40 cycles/min, 2,5 l/stroke) at all
cylinder pressures above 20 bar.
During the inhalation phase the positive pressure
shall not exceed 4,2 mbar.
A.3 Exhalation valve
If the lung governed demand valve has an
exhalation valve the opening pressure of this
exhalation valve shall be at least 4,2 mbar
measured at a continuous flow of 10 l/min.
A.4 For testing a test rig as shown schematically in
Figure A.1 is used.
A breathing machine delivering sinusoidal flow
shall be used. The pressure shall be measured at the
port near the orifice. The orifice module shall be
designed to have a resistance to airflow of 3,5 mbar
at a continuous flow of 300 l/min.
© BSI 02-1999
Licensed copy:SembCorp Utilities UK Limited, 15/09/2004, Uncontrolled Copy, © B
17 © BSI 02-1999

Figure A.1 — Scheme of a test rig for dynamic pressure

BS EN 137:1993
Licensed copy:SembCorp Utilities UK Limited, 15/09/2004, Uncontrolled Copy, © BSI

18
blank
 BS EN 137:1993

National annex NA (informative)

Committees responsible
The United Kingdom participation in the preparation of this European Standard was entrusted by the
Personal Safety Equipment Standards Policy Committee (PSM/-) to Technical Committee PSM/14, upon
which the following bodies were represented:

Asbestos Removal Contractors’ Association

British Agrochemicals Association Ltd.
British Coal Corporation
British Compressed Air Society
British Nuclear Fuels Limited
British Occupational Hygiene Society
British Pest Control Association
Licensed copy:SembCorp Utilities UK Limited, 15/09/2004, Uncontrolled Copy, © BSI

British Telecommunications plc

Chemical Industries Association
Chief and Assistant Chief Fire Officers’ Association
Electricity Supply Industry in England and Wales
Engineering Equipment and Materials Users’ Association
Health and Safety Executive
Home Office
Industrial Safety (Protective Equipment) Manufacturers’ Association
Institute of Occupational Hygienists
Institute of Occupational Medicine
Institution of Fire Engineers
Institution of Mechanical Engineers
Ministry of Defence
National Association of Fire Officers
Safety Equipment Distributors’ Association
Trades Union Congress
University of Aberdeen
Coopted member

National annex NB (informative)

Cross-references

Publication referred to Corresponding British Standard

EN 132:1990 BS EN 132:1991 Respiratory protective devices — Definitions
EN 136:1989 BS 7355:1990 Specification for full face masks for respiratory protective devices
EN 136-10 BS EN 136-10:1992 Specification for full face masks for respiratory protective
devices:
Part 10 Full face masks for special use
EN 142:1989 BS 7309:1990 Specification for mouthpiece assemblies for respiratory protective
devices
EN 148-1:1987 BS 7156:1987 Respiratory protective devices threads for facepieces
Part 1:1990 Specification for standard thread
EN 148-2:1987 Part 2:1990 Specification for centre thread connnection
EN 148-3:1992 BS EN 148-3:1992 Respiratory protective devices: Threads for facepieces:
Part 3 Thread connection M45 × 3
NOTE There is no British Standard equivalent to EN 144-2.
This European Standard has not yet been published.

© BSI 02-1999
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