Sixth Semester B.E.

Degree Examination, May/June 2010

Antenna and Propagation

Note: Answer any FIVE full questions.

a. Explain the following as related to antenna system: (12 Marks)

i) Directivity ii) Effective weight iii) Radiation pattern iv) Effective area
b. An isotropic radiator has a field strength given by E = 101 0
V 1m, where "I" is terminal
r
current and "r" is the distance in meters. Find the radiation resistance of the antenna.
(08 Marks)

a. Show that the directivity for a source with unidirectional pattern given by u = umcosne. Can
be expressed as D = 2(n + 1). (06 Marks)
b. State and prove power theorem. (06 Marks)
c. Derive an expression and draw the field pattern for two isotropic point sources of the same
amplitude but opposite phase. (08 Marks)

a. Derive an expression for radiation resistance of a short electric dipole. (10 Marks)
b. To find peaks, nulls and beam width of a given system with equal amplitude and equal
phase. d =~ and n = 4. Draw the polar graph. (10 Marks)

a. Derive an expression for far field components of a loop antenna. (08 Marks)
b. Discuss features of a Helical antenna. (06 Marks)
c. Explain Yagi-Uda antenna and its applications. (06 Marks)

a. Explain with examples, the different types of rectangular and circular horn antennas. What
are their advantages over the other antenna? (10 Marks)
b. State and explain Rumsey's principle for frequency independent antenna. (05 Marks)
c. Derive an expression for a gain of a parabolic reflector. (05 Marks)

a. Discuss the antenna used for terrestrial mobile communication system. (10 Marks)
b. Explain the following with suitable diagram and expression:
i) Antenna for ground penetrating radar (GPR) ii) Ultra wide band antenna (UWB)
iii) Plasma antenna. (10 Marks)

a. Explain with a neat diagram, some of the possible propagation paths.

b. Define wave tilt of a surface wave. Prove that:

a = tan -I -EEh
y
= tan -I[ r'1
-vEf
1] \y.
{1+x J
2 4

a. Define and derive expressions for the following: (12 Marks)

i) Critical frequency (fe) ii) Maximum usable frequency(MUF) iii) Virtual height
b. Calculate the value of the operating frequency of the ionospheric layer specified by
refractive index 0.85 and an electron density 5 x 105 electros/m3• Calculate the critical
frequency and maximum usable frequency ofth~ system with ei = 30°. (08 Marks)
 Sixth Semester D.E. Degree Examination, May/June 2010
Antennas and Propagation

Note: Answer any FIVEfull questions, selecting

at least TWO questions from each part.

PART-A
a. Define the following with respect to antenna:
i) Isotropic radiator
ii) Directivity
iii) Radiation pattern
iv) Polarization. (10 Marks)
b. Antenna of gain G radiates Wt. Watts. Show that the free space intensity E at a distance
.. b E .J30wt.G I
o f r metres IS gIven y = ---- v m. (05 Marks)
r
c. Derive an expression for antenna efficiency in terms of radiation resistance. (05 Marks)

a. Find the directivity and beam width of the following:

i) U = Urn sin ~ cos2 e ii) U = Urn cos ~ sin2e. (10 Marks)
b. State and prove the power theorem. (05 Marks)
c. Prove that D = 2 (n+ 1) for a unidirectional pattern given by U = Urn cos" e. (05 Marks)

a. Derive an expression for field intensity for two isotropic point sources with equal amplitude
and equal phase. (10 Marks)
b. Draw the polar diagram of a broadside array with number of elements = 5 and spacing = 'A12.
(10 Marks)

a. Derive an expression for radiation resistance of a short electric dipole.

b. Write short notes on :
i) Folded dipole antenna; ii) Thin linear antenna.

PART-B
5 a. Discuss the features of a loop antenna. Derive an expression for far field components of a
loop antenna. (10 Marks)
b. Write notes on : i) Horn antenna ; ii) Slot antenna. (10 Marks)

6 a. Discuss the features of an helical antenna. Give the construction details of' the helical
antenna. (10 Marks)
b. What are parabolic reflectors? Where these antennas are used? (05 Marks)
c. Draw the construction details of an embedded antenna. (05 Marks)

7 a. Discuss the different forms of radio wave propagation. (10 Marks)

b. Derive an expression for wave tilt of surface wave. (10 Marks)

8 a. Explain different layers of ionosphere in detail.

b. Define the following with respect to wave propagation:
i) Critical frequency ; ii) MUF ; iii) Virtual height ; jv) Skip distance.