Consolidation Exercise 5A (P.5.

1)
45 8. (a) The required result = 25 × 60%
1. (a) The required percentage = × 100%
100 60
= 25 ×
= 45% 100
120 = 15
(b) The required percentage = × 100%
80 (b) The required result = 400 × 12%
= 150% 12
= 400 ×
100
140 = 48
2. (a) The required percentage = × 100%
250 (c) The required result = 8 × 150%
= 56% 150
72 =8×
(b) The required percentage = × 100% 100
60 = 12
= 120%
(d) The required result = 30 × 30%
30
26 = 30 ×
3. The required percentage = × 100% 100
65 =9
= 40%

9. (a) The required result = 96 × 75% m2

4. Number of goldfish in the tank = 63 + 27
75 2
= 90 = 96 × m
100
63
∴ The required percentage = × 100% = 72 m2
90
(b) The required result = 750 × 12% mL
= 70%
12
= 750 × mL
100
5. Number of firemen in the group = 63 + 12
= 90 mL
= 75
63 (c) The required result = $150 × 240%
∴ The required percentage = × 100% 240
75 = $150 ×
= 84% 100
= $360
6. Total number of pages of these two chapters 1
(d) The required result = × 8% km
24
= 18 + 14
1 8
= 32 = × km
24 100
32
∴ The required percentage = × 100% =
1
km
320 300
= 10%

10. Number of apples sold today = 180 × 95%

7. Number of female teachers in the school
95
= 70 − 28 = 180 ×
100
= 42 = 171
∴ The required percentage
42 11. Volume of orange juice in the special drink
= × 100%
70 = 125 × 72% mL
= 60%
 72 Percentage of male participants = 100% − 68%
= 125 × mL
100 = 32%
= 90 mL
∴ Number of male participants = 450 × 32%
Volume of soda water in the special drink 32
= 450 ×
= 125 × 28% mL 100
28 = 144
= 125 × mL
100
= 35 mL 16. (a) p × 8% = 4
p × 0.08 = 4
12. Time used for the quiz = 75 × 20% minutes
p = 4 ÷ 0.08
20
= 75 × minutes = 50
100
= 15 minutes (b) q × 24% = 36

Time used for the show of movie q × 0.24 = 36

= 75 × 36% minutes q = 36 ÷ 0.24

36 = 150
= 75 × minutes
100 (c) r × 65% = 78
= 27 minutes r × 0.65 = 78
∴ Total time used = (15 + 27) minutes r = 78 ÷ 0.65
= 42 minutes = 120
(d) s × 135% = 81
13. The required percentage = 100% − 93% s × 1.35 = 81
= 7% s = 81 ÷ 1.35
= 60
14. Number of tickets sold = 6 400 × 75%
75 17. (a) x × 43% = 86
= 6 400 ×
100 x × 0.43 = 86
= 4 800 x = 86 ÷ 0.43
Number of unsold tickets = 6 400 − 4 800 = 200
= 1 600 (b) y × 60% = 24
Alternative y × 0.6 = 24
Percentage of unsold tickets = 100% − 75% y = 24 ÷ 0.6
= 25% = 40
∴ Number of unsold tickets = 6 400 × 25% (c) m × 280% = 7 000
25 m × 2.8 = 7 000
= 6 400 ×
100
m = 7 000 ÷ 2.8
= 1 600
= 2 500
15. Number of female participants = 450 × 68%
68 (d) n × 96% = 6
= 450 ×
100 n × 0.96 = 6
= 306 n = 6 ÷ 0.96
Number of male participants = 450 − 306 = 6.25
= 144
Alternative 18. Let $x be the income of the salesman last month.
 Then 80% of x is 36 000. ∵ 1.5 million < 1.6 million
i.e. x × 80% = 36 000 ∴ City B has a greater population.
x × 0.8 = 36 000
x = 36 000 ÷ 0.8 23. (a) Total number of foreign visitors
= 45 000 = 15 000 × 64%
∴ The income of the salesman last month was
= 15 000 ×
64
$45 000. 100
= 9 600
7 200
19. Let n minutes be the total time Ann spends on (b) The required percentage = × 100%
9 600
doing homework. = 75%
Then 30% of n is 120.
i.e. n × 30% = 120 24. Number of students voting for Stanley
n × 0.3 = 120 = 45 × 20%
n = 120 ÷ 0.3 20
= 45 ×
= 400 100
∴ The total time Ann spends on doing =9
homework is 400 minutes. Number of students voting for Aberdeen
1
= 45 ×
20. Number of employees living on Hong Kong 3
= 15
Island
Number of students voting for Tai O
= 220 × 15%
15 = 45 − 9 − 15
= 220 ×
100 = 21
= 33
Number of employees living in Kowloon 25. (a) Number of comic books
= 3 × 33 = 256 × 37.5%
= 99 37.5
= 256 ×
100
1 = 96
21. Number of boy scouts = 192 × = 32
6 Number of non-comic books
Number of girl scouts = 32 − 8 = 24 = 256 − 96

∴ The required percentage =

24
192
× 100%
= 160
Alternative
= 12.5%
Percentage of non-comic books
= 100% − 37.5%
= 62.5%
22. Let y be the population in city A.
Then 18% of y is 270 000.
∴ Number of non-comic books
= 256 × 62.5%
i.e. y × 18% = 270 000
62.5
y × 0.18 = 270 000 = 256 ×
100
y = 270 000 ÷ 0.18 = 160
= 1.5 million (b) Number of magazines = 160 × 65%
 65 120
= 160 × = 120 × cm
100 100
= 104 = 144 cm
Number of fiction books = 160 − 104 ∵ 150 cm > 144 cm > 120 cm
= 56 ∴ Frankie is the tallest.
Alternative
Percentage of fiction books = 100% − 65% 29. (a) Total number of students

= 35% = 99 + 72 + 45 + 51 + 66 + 117

∴ = 450
∴
Number of fiction books = 160 × 35%
35 The required percentage
= 160 ×
100 72 + 66
= × 100%
= 56 450
138
= × 100%
450
26. Number of gold medals = 150 × 8% 2
8 = 30 %
= 150 × 3
100
(b) Number of girls = 51 + 66 + 117
= 12
= 234
Number of silver medals = 150 × 36%
117
36 The required percentage = × 100%
= 150 × 234
100
= 50%
= 54
(c) Number of students choosing ‘football’
Number of bronze metals = 150 − 12 − 54
= 99 + 51
= 84
∴ The required difference = 84 − 54
= 150
99
= 30 The required percentage = × 100%
150
= 66%
27. (a) Number of good eggs = 4 × 12 × 62.5%
62.5 30. (a) Percentage of scenic photos
= 48 ×
100 = 100% − 64%
= 30 = 36%
(b) The required percentage Let x be the total number of photos.
30 + 2 Then 36% of x is 432.
= × 100%
4 × 12 + 2 i.e. x × 36% = 432
= 64% x × 0.36 = 432
x = 432 ÷ 0.36
= 1 200
∴ The number of photos in the album is
28. (a) Height of Lucy = 150 × 80% cm 1 200.
80 270
= 150 × cm (b) The required percentage = × 100%
100 1 200
= 120 cm = 22.5%
(b) Height of Mark = 120 × 120% cm
31. (a) The percentage of juice
 = 100% − 45% − 36% = 75%
= 19% Let y be the number of female patients.
Let m be the number of bottles of drinks. Then 75% of y is 39.
Then 19% of m is 57. i.e. y × 75% = 39
i.e. m × 19% = 57 y × 0.75 = 39
m × 0.19 = 57 y = 39 ÷ 0.75
m = 57 ÷ 0.19 = 52
= 300 ∴ The number of female patients is 52.
∴ There are 300 bottles of drinks in the Number of patients in the hospital = 125 + 52
store. = 177
(b) Number of bottles of soft drinks
= 300 × 45% 34. Let k be the total number of students in the group.
45 Number of students going to school by bus
= 300 ×
100 = k × 35%
= 135 = 0.35k
81 Number of students going to school by tram
The required percentage = × 100%
135
= k × 20%
= 60%
= 0.2k

32. Let x be the total number of tourists. 0.35k − 0.2k = 54

Then 15% of x is (24 + 36) = 60. 0.15k = 54

i.e. x × 15% = 60 k = 54 ÷ 0.15

= 360
∴
x × 0.15 = 60
The total number of students in the group is
x = 60 ÷ 0.15
= 400 360.

∴ The required percentage =

24
400
× 100% 35. (a) Let x cm be the length.
= 6% Width = x × 60% cm
= 0.6x cm
33. Percentage of male patients who are non-smokers 2 × (x + 0.6x) = 80
= 100% − 48% 2 × 1.6x = 80
= 52% 3.2x = 80
Let x be the number of male patients. x = 80 ÷ 3.2
Then 52% of x is 65. = 25
i.e. x × 52% = 65 ∴ The length is 25 cm.
x × 0.52 = 65 (b) Width = 0.6 × 25 cm
x = 65 ÷ 0.52 = 15 cm
= 125
∴ The number of male patients is 125. Area of the rectangle = 25 × 15 cm2
Percentage of female patients who are = 375 cm2
non-smokers ∵ 375 < 400
= 100% − 25% ∴ The area of the rectangle is not greater
 than 400 cm2.

36. Let $x be the total expenditure

Expenditure of Dennis = $x × 35%
= $0.35x
Expenditure of Carman = $(x − 0.35x)
= $0.65x
0.65x − 0.35x = 2 400
0.3x = 2 400
x = 2 400 ÷ 0.3
= 8 000
∴ The total expenditure is $8 000.
Expenditure of Carman = $0.65 × 8 000
= $5 200