Name: JOAMY MARK A.

ABELLA Year/Course/Section: 2 BSABE A

ENSC 234 SURVEYING Date Submitted: JUNE 29, 2023
LABORATORY EXERCISE No. 3
PROBLEM : TAPING OVER UNEVEN AND SLOPING GROUND
OBJECTIVES : a.) To determine the horizontal length of a line over
uneven and sloping ground by the method of breaking tape.
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LAB EXERCISE OUTLINE

A. INSTRUMENTS & ACCESSORIES: 30-m or 100-ft Steel Tape,

Chaining Pins, Range Poles, Pegs or Hubs, Spring Scale, and Plumb Bobs.
B. PROCEDURE:
1. Measuring Uphill.
a.) On a designated uneven and sloping terrain, mark the ends of a line
(about 90 m long) to be measured. Designate the hub' at the bottom of
the slope as point A and the hub at the upper portion of the slope as point
B. Range poles are held or set behind each point to serve as markers, or
are set at intermediate points along the line to insure better alignment
during taping.
b.) Head tapeman unreels and spreads out the tape and pulls the zero mark
uphill along the line from point A. The rear tapeman raises the 30-m (or
100-ft) end of the tape breast high while the head tapeman moves back
to a place on the line near a full meter (or foot) mark where the ground
surface is as high as the other raised end of the tape. The head tapeman
stays by the side of the line measured and holds a chaining pin on the
ground.
c.) The rear tapeman temporarily releases end of tape and signals head
tapeman to either move to the right or to the left in or- der to align him.
When the pin of the head tapeman is in line with the range pole held
over point B, the head tapeman is then signaled to stick the pin vertically
into the ground.
Name: JOAMY MARK A. ABELLA Year/Course/Section: 2 BSABE A
ENSC 234 SURVEYING Date Submitted: JUNE 29, 2023
d.) Rear tapeman plumbs from point A to the terminal mark of the tape with
a plumb bob: and maintains this plumb bob steadily over. A while head
tapeman pulls the tape taut, and making sure that the tape is on line by
bringing one of its edges in contact with the pre- viously aligned pin.
The head tapeman then moves the pin opposite the nearest full meter or
foot mark of the tape and he sticks it firmly into the ground.
e.) The rear tapeman leaves his end of the tape, moves up the slope and gets
hold of the tape at the point previously held by the head tapeman. The
next measurement is made horizontally from the pin stuck in the ground
by the head tapeman as done at point A.
f.) The process is repeated until the whole tape length is used up thus
finishing the measurement of one tape length of horizontal distance.
g.) From the pin marking the end of one tape length measure- ment, the
horizontal measurement is continued until point B is reach- ed. The last
partial tape length is measured with the rear tapeman holding the tape
until he has a full meter (or foot) mark at his end while the head
tapeman pulls the tape taut and takes note of the fractional
measurement. Then the number of tape lengths and the last partial
measurement are totaled to determine the horizontal length of the line
measured.

2. Measuring Downhill.
a) In measuring down the slope, the tape is reversed to bring its zero
end forward in the direction of point A along the line. Horizon- tal
measurements starts from B with the rear tapeman holding his
terminal meter ( or foot) mark of tape in level with B.
b) After the plumb bob of the head tapemen has been aligned
with the range pole held at A, the head tapeman drops the plumb
bobcausing it to leave a mark on the ground. He then sticks a pin at
the ground mark left by the plumb bob.
Name: JOAMY MARK A. ABELLA Year/Course/Section: 2 BSABE A
ENSC 234 SURVEYING Date Submitted: JUNE 29, 2023
c.) The next horizontal measurement starts from the pin until one whole
tape length is measured. As in measuring up the slope, the number of
tape lengths plus the partial tape length at the end of the line
determines the total horizontal length of the line.
d.) Tabulate observed and computed values accordingly. Refer to the
accompanying sample format for the tabulation of data.
TRIA LIN LENGTH DIFFERENC MEA RELATIVE PRECISION
L E E N
1 AB 203.81 0.2 203.71 1/1018.55
2 BA 203.61

C. COMPUTATIONS
1. The discrepancy for the measurement is the difference between the
first measurement and the second measurement.
2. The mean length of the measured line is determined by adding the
two measurements and dividing the sum by two: This is also known
as the most probable value of the length of the line.
3. The relative precision of the measurement is determined by divi-
ding the discrepancy by the mean length, where the numerator is
reduced to unity or 1. Relative precision is expressed in fractional
form and the denominator is rounded to the nearest hundredth.