Name: JERALD S.

TATOY Year/Course/Section: 2 BSABE A

ENSC 234 SURVEYING Date Submitted: JUNE 30, 2023
LABORATORY EXERCISE No. 4

PROBLEM : TAPING OVER UNEVEN AND SLOPING GROUND

OBJECTIVES: a.) To determine the magnetic bearings of each line of an
open compass traverse.
b.) To learn how to adjust an open compass traverse.

LAB EXERCISE OUTLINE

A. INSTRUMENTS & ACCESSORIES: Surveyor's or Brunton Pocket

Compass, Steel Tape, Range Poles, and Pegs or Chaining Pins.
B. PROCEDURE:
1. Establish at least six distant stations for an open traverse. Call these
stations A, B, C, and so forth.
2. Set up and level the compass at A and release the needle of the
compass so that it will swing freely on its pivot.
3. Sight B and read the compass box for the direction pointed by the
north end of the needle. Record this as the forward bearing of line
AB.
4. Transfer the compass to B and sight on A. Read the compass box and
record this as the back bearing of line AB.
5. Turn towards the direction of C, then read and record the forward
bearing of line BC.
6. Transfer to C and sight on B. Read and record the back bearing of
line BC, then sight on D and also read and record the forward bearing of
line CD.
7. Proceed to the next station and repeat the same process until the last
traverse station is occupied and a back bearing is taken on the last
line of the traverse.
8. With a steel tape, measure the length of each line in the traverse
twice and record the mean as the actual length of the line.
Name: JERALD S. TATOY Year/Course/Section: 2 BSABE A
ENSC 234 SURVEYING Date Submitted: JUNE 30, 2023
9. Tabulate observed and adjusted values accordingly. Refer to the 44
accompanying sample formats for the tabulation of field data.
NOTE: From the illustrated sample figure of an open transverse, the mean
length of each transverse line is indicated as d1, d2, d3, etc. The angular values
corresponding to the forward and back bearings of traverse lines are represented
as θ1, θ2, θ3, etc.

OBSERVED BEARINGS ADJUSTED BEARINGS

LINE LENGTH FORWAR BACKWAR FORWAR BACKWAR
D D D D
AB 9.0146 N 39⁰ E S 40⁰ W N 39.5⁰ E S 39.5⁰ W
BC 14.805 S 78⁰ E N 77⁰ W S 77.5⁰ E N 77.5⁰ W
CD 12.4033 S 02⁰ W N 04⁰E S 03⁰ W N 03⁰E
DE 13.0284 S 80⁰ W N 74⁰ E S 77⁰ W N 77⁰ E
EF 9.87 N 22⁰ E S 23⁰ W N 22.5⁰ E S 22.5⁰ W
C. COMPUTATIONS
1. A traverse line is free from local attraction if the bearings read at its
two ends are exactly opposite in direction. The traverse angles are
computed from observed bearings and starting from the unaffected line.
2. If two or more traverse lines appear to be free from local at- traction,
one of these lines is arbitrarily chosen as the best line. If none of the
lines is free from local attraction, the line with the least discrepancy
between the forward and back bearings is chosen and its forward
bearing is assumed to be correct.
3. The angle between the observed forward and back bearing at any
station can be determined correctly since the angle is independent of
local attraction.
4. Correct bearings of successive lines are then computed easily by
preparing a careful sketch of the known data observed from each station.
There are no formulas to memorize since once the sketch is made, the
required calculations are obvious.