Audio: Lv3 U2 L1: Vocabulary: Describing symptoms

I feel dizzy I feel nauseous I feel weak

I feel short of breath I`ve been vomiting I`ve been coughing

I`ve been sneezing I`ve been wheezing I have pain in my chest

I have pain in my hip I have pain in my ribs I have pain in my

stomach
When a sentence includes a list of items, each item has its own intonation.
Listen

Listen again.
When we say a list of items, the voice often goes up on each item before the last
one.
The voice goes down on the last item in the list.

Listen to the way the voice goes up on the first two items:

Notice how the voice goes down on the last item:

Rising intonation shows that the list is not finished.

Listen:

We use falling intonation in the last item to show

that the list is complete. Listen again.
We put stress on each item in the list and pause a little between each item.

Listen to the intonation of the lists in these examples:

Now listen and repeat:
Audio: Lv3 U2 L1: Pronunciation: Intonation of lists
 Oh dear!
I can’t find my phone.
I had it just a minute ago. It must be in
my bag.
Oh Good! Here it is.
Hmm, there’s a missed call. I don’t
recognize the number.
Maybe they left a voicemail.

Listen to this
sentence:

We use must and the base form of the verb to draw conclusions when we are
almost certain something is true.
 I couldn’t find my phone. But I knew I had it just a minute
ago. So, it wasn’t lost. I was almost certain that it was in
my bag. It must be in my bag.

When I looked at the phone and I saw a missed call,

but no voicemail message, Iconcluded that the caller
was someone I didn’t know I said: it must not be
important.

Notice: To draw a negative conclusion, we use must not. We do not contract must
not to mustn’t.

Here are two more examples:

▪ Alex worked till 10 p.m. last night.

He must be tired.
▪ I texted my friend Lauren about 15
minutes ago.
But I haven’t heard back yet.
Her phone must not be on.
Audio: Lv3 U2 L1: Speaking: Show concern and offer help 2
 Boa tarde! Can you speak Portuguese?
I am able to understand it a little but I
can’t really speak it. I want to go to
Brazil on my vacation, so I’m taking a
Portuguese class!

According to the course objectives, I’ll

be able to exchange simple greetings
after one lesson.
At the end of the course I’ll be able to
have simple conversations.

Be able to means the same thing as can.

We use be able to with the base form of the verb.

Here are some examples of be able to in a negative statement and questions.

*There is no future form of can, we use will be able to, to express future ability*
We use will be able to + the base form of the verb. Let’s look at these
sentences:

In speaking and informal writing, we often contract will to ‘ll.

In negative statements we use will not be able to + the base form of the verb.

Will not is often contracted to won’t; especially in speaking & informal writing.

Notice the word order in yes/no questions. The subject comes after the word will.
To answer yes/no questions:
We use yes, a subject pronoun (like I) & will;
or no,a subject pronoun & won’t.
Look at the sentences and questions in the charts.
We use the same form of will for all subjects:
 My parents are big baseball fans.

They are going to a game with some friends

on Sunday. But the weather forecast is bad.
It may rain this weekend.

They might not want to go.

If it starts to rain during the game, the team

might not be able to finish the game.

My parents may be able to get a rain check.

Do you have a question? What’s a rain check?

It's a ticket for an outdoor event such as a

sports game that you can use again if it rains
during the game and the action stops.

Let’s look at some of these sentences.

We use the modal may or might + the base form of the verb to talk about future
possibility.
We use may or might when we are less than 50% certain.
For example:

We are not certain that it will rain – or that they won't want to go but it is possible.

We can also use the modal may or might + be able to + the base form of the verb
to express future possibility.
 Audio: Lv3 U2 L2: Vocabulary: Medical procedures

A checkup / an examination A shot / an injection

An EKG / an electrocardiogram An X-ray

A blood test
Audio: Lv3 U2 L2: Speaking: Make a
medical or dental appointment 1
Audio: Lv3 U2 L2: Speaking: Make a medical
or dental appointment 2
Audio: Lv3 U2 L3: Reading: Blog post: Trying
out reflexology
 Audio: Lv3 U2 L4: Vocabulary: Medications

A painkiller Cold tablets A nasal spray / a

decongestant

Eye drops An antihistamine Cough medicine

An antibiotic An antacid An ointment

vitamins
Audio: Lv3 U2 L4: Listening: Listen to
doctor/patient conversations