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Maximum Cash
Maximum Cash
Module 10: E-Myth Money: Forward-Looking Finance Module 10: E-Myth Money: Forward-Looking Finance
Business Development Process: FN-0080 Business Development Process: FN-0080 Page 5
Bank Account Valuation Worksheet reduce the expense to get a benefit, for instance, when you can
slow payment or pay over a longer period of time.
5. Improve productivity. The never ending opportunity for any
What’s the Value to Your Bank of Your Checking Accounts? business owner or manager is to improve business systems and
The money in your checking accounts is used by your bank to fund its lending to businesses the efficiency of the people and other resources used in the
and households. If it didn’t have your “free” money, it would have to “buy” money on the business. Profit increases are an obvious result, but improved
open market and pay interest for it. So your “free” money is actually worth to the banker what cash flow can be every bit as important in a growth period.
they would otherwise have to pay. You can look that up in the financial section of your 6. Optimize timing. When it comes to cash, you may not be
newspaper or in the Wall Street Journal. Look for the rates for “Fed Funds” or “commercial able to do anything about the amount of cash you receive or
paper” which are two money market sources of funds for banks, and are a good indication of pay out, but you can still benefit from the right timing. Think
their “cost of funds,” which is the value to the bank of your deposit balances. Here’s the “stretching,” “accelerating,” or “just-in-time.”
formula:
n Stretching payments means delaying payouts or paying
YOUR AVERAGE BANK’S COST OF MONTHLY VALUE them over an extended period of time. It’s a good way to
BANK ACCOUNT X FUNDS = OF YOUR BANK
BALANCES ACCOUNTS TO conserve cash, but pay careful attention to your
12 MONTHS YOUR BANK
relationships with vendors and other third parties, and be
sure that you’re not losing the benefits of discounts or
incurring unnecessary interest or other “penalties.”
What’s the Value to You of Your Excess Bank Balances?
n Accelerating receipts means receiving payments due to
You need enough money in your business checking accounts to cover all the payments you
you sooner (maybe even in advance) or over a shorter
make plus a reserve for contingencies. Anything over that is “excess” and could be put to
period of time. Again, make sure you’re not giving up
better use in your company, earning interest from your bank, or paying for banking services.
more than you’re getting.
The lowest earning rate you’d get from your bank would be their “earnings credit rate” so
that would be a way to measure the minimum value of your “excess” money. If you don’t n Just-in-time means receiving supplies, services, and other
know your bank’s earnings credit rate, use the rate they pay on business savings accounts. goods just as you need them rather than “stockpiling”
Here’s how you calculate the value of your excess balances: them in inventories. JIT (just-in-time) requires you to
plan ahead, and to manage your business systems
1. Calculate your average daily deposits for a
precisely so you always have the resources you need when
month (from your bank statement(s)). Add up THE VALUE OF YOUR “EXCESS” BANK
all your deposits for a typical month and divide ACCOUNT BALANCES you need them, and no later. With JIT you run the risk of
by the number of days in that month. interrupting your business if you run out of materials or
+ AVERAGE DAILY DEPOSITS services, but you also benefit from cash flow that more
2. Calculate your average daily payments for a
– AVERAGE DAILY PAYMENTS precisely matches your business processes.
month (from your bank statement(s)). Add up
– CASH RESERVE
all your payments for a typical month and Not all of these opportunities for improving cash power exist in
divide by the number of days in that month. = AVERAGE EXCESS BALANCE
x EARNINGS CREDIT RATE (monthly) every business, and they take differing forms in different businesses.
3. Subtract your average daily payments from You’ll have to see what works for your situation in your business.
your average daily deposits. = MINIMUM VALUE OF YOUR EXCESS
BANK BALANCES Those are the general rules. Let’s look at how to apply them to
4. From that amount, subtract a prudent, but not
the situations most often found in small businesses.
excessive, cash reserve.
5. The result is your average excess balance. Wringing Cash out of Your Balance Sheet without
6. Obtain the bank’s earnings credit rate or its business savings account rate (it’s an annual interest Shutting Down Your Growth
rate, so divide by 12 to get the monthly rate).
7. Multiply your average excess balance by the bank’s monthly earnings credit rate. You need cash to fuel your growth, but if you’re too aggressive
about it, you can cut into productive assets and slow down the
8. The result is the minimum monthly value to you of your excess bank account balances.
This document is confidential and proprietary to E-Myth Worldwide and cannot be used, disclosed or duplicated without
This document is confidential and proprietary to E-Myth Worldwide and cannot be used, disclosed or duplicated without the prior written consent of E-Myth Worldwide. This is an the prior written consent of E-Myth Worldwide. This is an unpublished work protected by federal copyright laws and no
unpublished work protected by federal copyright laws and no unauthorized copying, adaptation, distribution or display is permitted. unauthorized copying, adaptation, distribution or display is permitted.
The E-Myth Mastery Program “Maximum Cash” The E-Myth Mastery Program “Maximum Cash”
Module 10: E-Myth Money: Forward-Looking Finance Module 10: E-Myth Money: Forward-Looking Finance
Business Development Process: FN-0080 Page 4 Business Development Process: FN-0080
Accounts Receivable
n What is the dollar amount of your accounts receivable? $ ____________ The “flows” of cash through your business are quantified on your
n What percentage of your accounts receivable are:
income statement – revenues and cash expenditures – and are
speeded up or slowed by your business operations – the
____ % current (zero to 29 days) productivity and efficiency of your staff, technology, and
business systems.
____ % 30 to 59 days past due
You’ll see how to release the cash in your business in a moment,
____ % 60 to 89 days past due but first take a look at this idea of “cash power.” Think of it as a
____ % 90 days or more past due form of momentum.
n What is your average “days receivable”? ____ days “Cash Power” Is the Financial “Momentum” of Your Business
n How much cash is released for each day you reduce your days receivable? $ _______ “Momentum” is the result of both speed and size. A bullet has
n What days receivable is acceptable? ____ days (This is your goal.)
tremendous power even though it weighs less than an ounce.
The faster the bullet flies, the greater its impact. It gets power
n How much cash will be released into your business when you reduce your days receivable from its speed. But an avalanche also has tremendous power. It
to your goal? (existing days receivable - goal days receivable = # of days reduced.) Then may move slowly, but it’s huge, and it derives power from its
calculate, (# days reduced) X ($’s per day). mass. The idea of momentum is that the larger an object is and
n Can you redesign the operation to eliminate idle inventories (points in the operation at
This document is confidential and proprietary to E-Myth Worldwide and cannot be used, disclosed or duplicated without
his document is confidential and proprietary to E-Myth Worldwide and cannot be used, disclosed or duplicated without the prior written consent of E-Myth Worldwide. This is an the prior written consent of E-Myth Worldwide. This is an unpublished work protected by federal copyright laws and no
unpublished work protected by federal copyright laws and no unauthorized copying, adaptation, distribution or display is permitted. unauthorized copying, adaptation, distribution or display is permitted.
The E-Myth Mastery Program “Maximum Cash” The E-Myth Mastery Program “Maximum Cash”
Module 10: E-Myth Money: Forward-Looking Finance Module 10: E-Myth Money: Forward-Looking Finance
Business Development Process: FN-0080 Page 2 Business Development Process: FN-0080
n Can you reorganize systems with underutilized equipment or facilities to eliminate some or
Think of Stocks and Flows…Lakes and Rivers of Cash
How do lakes differ from rivers? Rivers move. Lakes just sit all of it? What is the market value of items you can eliminate? $ _______
n Can/should you replace obsolescent equipment or facilities? (Will the acquisition costs,
there. Rivers are “flows” of water. Lakes are “stocks” of water.
They’re both made of water, they just behave a bit differently
from each other. Stocks and flows. If you want to make a lake less proceeds from sale of the old items, be justified by savings and/or productivity
larger, you either increase the flow from rivers that feed it or you increases?) What are the “up front” cash flow requirements of making such changes, and
decrease the outflow from rivers that drain it. More importantly what are the ongoing cash flow results?
for those who depend on the lakes, you can increase the Up front net cash flow: $ ___________ (one time)
availability of water by either increasing the flow, which reduces
the size of the lake, or increasing the speed with which water Ongoing cash flow impact $ __________ (monthly)
n For “big ticket” equipment and facilities, is it desirable to generate cash through a “sale and
flows into and through it. If you have complete control over the
rivers emptying into the lake and those draining the lake, you
leaseback” arrangement? Explore the possibilities with commercial finance companies.
don’t need the lake at all; you simply need to control the inflows
and outflows so you have the water you need when you need n Approximately how much cash could be made immediately available through sale and
it…“just in time” water. leasebacks? $ __________
You see where all this is headed, of course. The stocks and flows
n What would be the monthly lease payments? $ __________
of water in nature are an exact analogy for cash in your business.
Your business has stocks and flows of cash, and you can control n Approximately what dollar value of growth or productivity improvements would be
them in ways that reduce your need for cash, that release hidden generated by the cash proceeds from the sale/leaseback? $ ___________
n Would the monthly payments be justified by the growth or productivity increases funded
cash, and that increase the “velocity” of cash through your
business, thus releasing the “cash power” available to you.
by the cash generated?
n Can you “outsource” to third parties any operations that require equipment or facilities?
The “stocks” of cash in your business are recorded on your
balance sheet – accounts receivable, accounts payable,
n Approximately what would be the dollar savings, if any, of using a third party to do this
inventories, equipment, facilities, real estate, investments, debts –
each represents something real in your business. Each “account”
on your balance sheet also represents a lake of cash that either work? $ __________ monthly
n Approximately how much cash could you generate by divesting your company of the
soaks up cash, immobilizing it and making it unavailable for use
in growing your business, or, if you know how it’s done, can
release cash to use elsewhere in your business. equipment and facilities currently devoted to the work to be outsourced? $ ________
This document is confidential and proprietary to E-Myth Worldwide and cannot be used, disclosed or duplicated without
the prior written consent of E-Myth Worldwide. This is an unpublished work protected by federal copyright laws and no This document is confidential and proprietary to E-Myth Worldwide and cannot be used, disclosed or duplicated without the prior written consent of E-Myth Worldwide. This is an
unauthorized copying, adaptation, distribution or display is permitted. unpublished work protected by federal copyright laws and no unauthorized copying, adaptation, distribution or display is permitted.
The E-Myth Mastery Program “Maximum Cash” The E-Myth Mastery ProgramTM
Module 10: E-Myth Money: Forward-Looking Finance
Module 10: E-Myth Money: Forward-Looking Finance
Business Development Process: FN-0080 Business Development Process: FN-0080 Page 1
n Would the cost of outsourcing be justified by the one-time cash inflow plus the ongoing “Maximum Cash”
savings of operating costs?
Unleashing the cash power in your business
Accounts Payable
n What is the dollar amount of your accounts payable? $ ____________ “I’ve noticed that people who don’t respect money don’t have any.”
n Are there opportunities for increasing the “velocity” of your revenues (earlier payment,
growth.
quicker payment) without disrupting customer relationships? You Have More Cash than You Think You Do…Probably a Lot More
n Payment in advance There are two places cash hides in your business – in your
n Cash payment
assets and in your business operations. You have to understand
a few basic ideas to find it. It’s like those picture puzzles you
n Reduced payment terms for trade receivables played with when you were a kid.
n Electronic payments
Expenses
n What are your typical monthly cash expenses (exclude non-cash expenses)? $ _________
n Are there opportunities to cut cash expenses?
n Do you have a systematic way to continually review operational systems and improve
productivity, thus decreasing expenses and increasing the flow of cash?
n Can you “downstream” some work to customers, thus reducing your expenses?
n Can you change (increase) non-cash expenses in order to reduce taxes and boost cash flow?
n Depreciation of plant and equipment
n Amortization of research and development expenses
n Accounting for inventory costs
n Have you asked your accountant for advice on how to use accounting decisions to boost
cash flow?
Purchasing
n Typically, how much cash do you disburse monthly to suppliers? $ ____________
n Do you have a list of your suppliers and the key terms of the purchasing arrangements you
have with each? (You should, and your list should have an indication of how important
your relationship is to each, thus giving you an idea of how much negotiating “leverage”
you have with them.)
n Have you met with each of your suppliers to discuss possibilities for arrangements that will
help you increase your cash power?
n Volume discounts
n Large purchases
n Smaller repeat purchases that accumulate to large purchases
n Just-in-time purchasing (smaller purchase amounts, precisely timed to be received
when you need them)
n Commitment for long-term relationships in exchange for price and payment term
concessions
This document is confidential and proprietary to E-Myth Worldwide and cannot be used, disclosed or duplicated without the prior written consent of E-Myth Worldwide. This is an
unpublished work protected by federal copyright laws and no unauthorized copying, adaptation, distribution or display is permitted.
“Maximum Cash”
“Maximum Cash”
The E-Myth Mastery Program
Module 10: E-Myth Money: Forward-Looking Finance
Business Development Process: FN-0080
n Adding “upstream” value (can your suppliers take on some of the work and add value Unleashing the cash power in SNAPSHOT
that you currently do in-house?)
your business The E-Myth Mastery ProgramTM
People “I’ve noticed that people who don’t respect money don’t have any.”
n Do your employees have a “sense of urgency” about cash? Do they pay attention to
– J. Paul Getty, business executive
anything that will speed money into the business and retard its flow (ethically and
Key Points
honestly) out of the business?
n Is your employee turnover minimal (thus minimizing employee acquisition and training Overview There are six rules for increasing your cash power:
n When you decide to hire a new employee, do you first consider how to do the work
Cash management is 2. Increase liabilities or capital
the process of
3. Increase revenues
eliminating excess (idle)
without having to hire, but by improving a system? Do you have a systematic way of cash and making the 4. Decrease cash expenses
insuring that the non-hire alternative is seriously considered? Benchmarks for
most productive use of 5. Improve productivity
n Do you understand, and have you quantified, the seasonality of your business, its peaks and
the cash within your Maximizing
business. Cash takes 6. Optimize timing of receipts and disbursements Your Cash
valleys, and the variability of workload in terms of staffing? two forms: stocks and Always, always consider the impact on your business
n Do you staff with permanent employees for your ongoing base level of work, and only use
flows. of decreasing assets or increasing liabilities; the cash Identify Where
“Stocks” of cash are benefits may not be worth the impact on the business Cash Is “Hiding” in
recorded on your or its customers and suppliers. Your Business
expensive overtime and temporary employees for short-term increases of work?
n Does your management system include the ongoing measurement of employee productivity
balance sheet – Make your accountant your ally. He can help you find
accounts receivable, ways to increase your cash power if he knows that’s
accounts payable, Decide How You’ll
what you want.
and a systematic way to determine when productivity is substandard and either the inventories, equipment, Increase Your Cash
facilities, real estate, Power
employee needs to be retrained or let go, or the system needs to be improved?
investments, and debts.
They’re “pools” of cash Implement
Business Systems waiting to be tapped if Changes and Monitor
n When designing and/or evaluating your business systems, do you explicitly consider ways
you know how. Cash Closely
“Flows” of cash through
to maximize the cash impact of the system? your business are
BALANCE SHEET: “STOCKS” of CASH
n The amount of cash generated and consumed by the system
shown on your income
statement – revenues
n The speed with which cash, or the cash value of material, flows through the system
and cash expenses (but DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS INVENTORIES EQUIPMENT & ACCOUNTS DEBTS
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE (decrease) FACILITIES PAYABLE (increase)
not non-cash (decrease) (decrease) (decrease) (increase)
expenditures). They’re
the result of the
Summing It Up productivity of your
Looking at all the possible changes you might make, what would be the cash impact if you were to implement
people, systems, and
technology.
CASH POWER
them all successfully, with the dollar impacts you estimated in this checklist? Some of them would be one- “Cash Power” is financial
time releases of cash (e.g. selling idle equipment, reducing your days receivables by 5 days) and some REVENUES CASH PURCHASING STAFFING & LABOR BUSINESS
momentum. It’s both the (increase) EXPENSES (decrease or (decrease staff SYSTEMS
would have an ongoing cash flow effect (e.g. improving a production system, getting payment checks amount of cash flowing (decrease) change terms) or raise productivity) (raise productivity)
deposited to your bank accounts one day quicker, upstreaming costs to suppliers). If you weren’t able to through your business
estimate a dollar impact for some items, take your “best guess” and include those figures. and the velocity with BUSINESS OPERATIONS: “FLOWS” of CASH
n What is the total one-time release of cash into your business if all the items you checked on
which it flows. Anything
that increases cash or A Business Development Publication of
speeds its flow adds to
this checklist turn out to be feasible? $ __________ your cash power. E-Myth Worldwide
n What is the ongoing, monthly increase in cash flow generated if all the items you checked The arrow-shaped
Putting the Pieces Together
TM