INTRODUCTION

SHARES:

Companies issue shares to raise capital. This could be to fund company expansion, a new development, or a move
into international markets. When you purchase stock, you effectively become a shareholder in the company. The
greater your investment, the greater your stake in the company.

TYPES OF SHARES:

Shares can be broadly classified in to two types:

• Ordinary equity shares

• Preference shares

PRICE:

A price is also the amount of money that a consumer must spend in order to get a product or service. Price may
not imply money value. The exchange of products and services in exchange for other Products and services is
called bartering.

SHARE PRICE:

A share price or a stock price is the amount it would cost to buy one share in a company. The price of a share is
not fixed, but fluctuates according to market conditions. It will likely increase if the company is perceived to be
doing well, or fall if the company isn’t meeting expectations.

FLUCTUATION:

An act or occurrence of fluctuating an unpredictably back and forth or up and down change in the degree, power,
or value of anything. Prices should very slightly fluctuate. Real estate evaluations occasionally change, which is
common.

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SHARE PRICE FLUCTUATION:

Prices rise when the supply of available shares is insufficient to meet investor demand they fall when fewer
investors are interested in purchasing shares. Indices provide information about how the stock market is
performing. They use the performance of several policy traded companies to gauge market and economic
conditions.

Definition for share price fluctuation:

A price change in the stock market is a change in the value of a security or another asset to a higher or lower
level. The term also refers to the difference between a stock’s closing price on a trading day and its closing price
the next trading day.

Factors that affect the share price:

Supply and demand. The stock market is designed to operate on the age-old economic principle of demand and
supply. The financials of a specific company are frequently referred to as fundamental factors, economy,
government policies, political scenario, declaration of dividends.

Performance of the Industry

Frequently, the stock prices of firms in the same industry will move in lockstep Because market factors generally
have the same impact on companies in the same industry, this is the case. However, if the companies are
verifying for the same market, a piece of bad news for one will enhance the stock price of the other.

Attitude of investors

Stock prices can rise or fall as a result of investor mood or confidence. The overall direction of the stock market
can influence the value of a stock. Stock prices can rise or fall as a result of investor mood or confidence. The
overall direction of the stock market can influence the value of a stock.

Bull market:

A healthy stock market with rising stock prices and growing investor confidence. It is frequently linked to
economic recovery or a boom, as well as investment optimism.

Bear market:

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A bear market is a poor market in which stock prices fall and investor confidence falls. It is common when an
economy is in a slump, unemployment is high, and prices are rising.

Need for the study:

Today large number of people (investors) prefer to invest their surplus earnings (savings) in stock market
instruments such as shares (stock). However, the stock market highly fluctuating and influenced by many factors
like political factors, social factors and economical factors. The regular festivals and other occasions also effect
the share market. Hence it felt need to study the fluctuations of share prices and influence of festivals on share
prices.

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Objectives of the study:

 To examine fluctuations in selected stock price.

 To study the effect of festivals on stock market.

 To evaluate the factors, influence on stock market.

 To compare stock price fluctuations of textile and pharma industry.

 To offer suggestions to the investors relating to the selection of industry in general and particular shares.

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SCOPE OF THE STUDY:

 Present study evaluates the stock prices of the share price of 5 textile industry and 5pharma industry.

 Present study is limited to two sectors that is pharma and textile.

 Present study is confined to price fluctuations of share.

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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY:

The practical how of any piece of research is referred to as research technique. Its about how a researcher designs
a study in a systematic way to produce accurate and reliable results that address the study goals and objectives.

INFORMATION SOURCES:

Information sources are two types

They are,

1. Primary data

2. Secondary data

Primary data:

Primary data is defined as the data collected from the managers and functional interaction with functional heads
and technical persons and employees etc.,

Secondary data:

Secondary data is defined as the data collected from the various annual sources of the company. Secondary data is
existing data. We can collect the data from the internet also this type of data collection is called as the secondary
data. Here in this project, I choose the secondary data to complete my project work

Period of study: october-06-2022 to november-05-202

Sample stocks:

1. Textile industry

2. Pharmaceutical industry

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Textile industry:

1. TRIDENT LIMITED

2. RAYMOND LIMITED

3. ARVIND LIMITED

4. WELSPUN INDIA LIMITED

5. VARDHMAN TEXTILES LIMITED

Pharmaceutical industry:

1. SUN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRIES

2. DIVI’S LABORATORIES

3. REDDY’S LABORATORIES

4. CIPLA LIMITED

5. LUPIN LIMITED

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LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

 Time factor is limited. The available time is limited so it is not possible for comprehensive data analysis

 Availability of data. Here the data is taken for only two months and limited number of industries

 Here we take the price fluctuations of only selected textile industry and selected pharma industry

 Hence it is not possible to generalize the all the textile industry and all the pharma industry

 The important point is that we cannot define the all limitations based on the above points.

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 CHAPTER-2

COMPANY PROFILE

AND

INDUSTRY PROFILE

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INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRY PROFILE:

STOCK BROKARING

Stock broking is a service that allows retail and institutional investors to buy and sell stocks Stockbrokers will
trade shares on exchanges as well as over the counter, depending on where they can find the best price and
liquidity. Stock exchanges have strict rules about who can trade shares directly on their books, so most individual
investors who want to trade shares will do so through a stockbroker. A stock broking firm will typically charge a
commission on trades executed on behalf of a client, as well as a fee for retaining its services. A stock broking
can offer a variety of services, including: Execution-only brokers will complete orders on your behalf but will not
provide advice. Advisory stockbrokers will advise you on where to trade, but they will not trade for you.
Discretionary stockbrokers will trade on your behalf, executing trades without your input.

STOCK BROKARING INDUSTRIES:

As a stock broker, NFASPL is a member of the following exchanges:

National stock exchange of India limited (“NSE”) as a trading member on the capital market segment, as well as
a trading and clearing member on the futures and options segment and currency derivatives segments.

Bombay stock exchange of India limited (“BSE”) as a trading member in the capital market and currency
derivatives segments.

Metropolitan stock exchange of India limited (“MSEI”) as a trading and clearing member in the currency account
opening.

ICRA anticipates that the broking industry will post a record performance in the current fiscal year, owing to
strong participation from retail investors and favorable systemic liquidity.

According to a recent report, the industry is expected to generate a total revenue of Rs 27,000-28,000 crore in
FY2022, representing a year-on-year (YoY) growth of 28-33%. Given this backdrop, the brokerage industry its
outlook is stable.

However, revenue growth is expected to slow to 5-7 percent in FY2023, with an industry total Turnover of Rs
28,500-29,000 crore; however, growth is still dependent on capital market performance and maintaining similar
yields seen in recent years. While broking firms have attempted to diversify their portfolio offerings by focusing

10
more on other services/businesses, over the short to medium term, the core broking business is expected to
account for 70-75 percent of total revenues.

There are about 300 stockbrokers registered with SEBI and several stock exchanges in India. On the National
Stock Exchange as of June 30, 2021, there were 314 stockbrokers registered in India (including defaulters and
evicted) (NSE). 11-Jul-2021.

Who is India’s most successful stockbroker?

Top 10 Share Brokers in India 2021 Rank

1. ZERODHA

2. UPSTOX

3. ANGEL ONE

4. GROWW

5. ICICI

6. 5PAISA

7. KOTAK SECURITIES

8. HDFC SECURITIES

9. IIFL SECURITIES

10. MOTILAL OSWAL

DISCOUNT BROKERAGE INDUSTRY:

An accurate list of the top discount brokers in India in 2022 based on the number of active clients. Zerodha is the
most popular stock broker among all brokers. Discount brokers such as 5paisa, upstox, and Samco trail zerodha.

There are three leading discount brokerage firms with over 1 lakh active customers. The year-by-year list of the

top 10 discount stock brokers in India assists you in locating the major discount brokers. Discount brokers are
online stock brokers who provide low-cost brokerage services. They are low-cost brokers who rely on
technology. Most discount brokers do not provide additional services such as research, advisory, pms, wealth
management, or local branch support. This enables them to provide trading at extremely low brokerage fees.

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The Top 10 Discount Brokers in India in 2023| Best online discount brokers

Discount brokers are known for providing low-cost brokerage trading services. Unlike traditional percentage-
based brokerage, they use a different pricing model and charge customers a flat brokerage fee for online trading
in various segments. Zerodha, India's first discount broker, was founded in 2010 and is the inventor of the
Rs. 20 fixed pricing model. As a result of Zerodha’s rapid growth, many new discount brokers, such as Upstox,
5paisa, Grow, Paytm Money, Prostocks, and others, entered the Indian brokerage space to meet rising market
demand. Zerodha is the grandfather of all discount brokers and is ranked first. Customers can open an instant
Zerodha account online, invest in shares with no brokerage, and trade intraday, FO, commodities, and currencies
for a maximum of Rs. 20 per order. Its all-in-one Kite platform, with superior charting, an easy-to-use interface,
and security, is one of the best platforms for online trading. Furthermore, its coin platform includes a free direct
mutual fund investment platform with web and app versions. Apart from Zerodha, Upstox is the second-best
online discount brokerage firm, offering Rs. 20 flat brokerages on delivery, intraday, and F&O trades. Prostocks,
on the other hand, is the cheapest discount broker for intraday traders, offering unlimited intraday trading for just
Rs. 899 per trade.

Moving Forward and into the Future

The OMX Stockholm Exchange recently modified the OMXS 30 index futures contract specifications. Prior to
the change, the futures contract was only settled forward at maturity and was not marked-to-market on a daily
basis. Following the redesign, the contract is subject to daily settlement, as is the case on major index futures
exchanges around the world. The change in contract specifications provides this study with a once-in-a-lifetime
opportunity to investigate the effects of the settlement procedure on futures contract liquidity, trading activity,
and hedging performance. Following the change, there is evidence of increased futures trading volume and an
unaffected bid-ask spread. There is no significant difference in futures hedging performance before and after the
redesign event. During a transition period, however, when contracts with both although different types of
settlement are available, hedging performance is worse compared to both before and after the change.
Furthermore, during the transition period, daily settled contracts have significantly lower hedging errors than
forward style contracts. Using futures as a reverse arbitrage tool

This is an intriguing strategy to employ during times of high volatility. If you own a stock and the futures are
trading at a significant discount to the cash market price (without dividend effect), you can profit by selling your
cash position and buying futures instead. For example, if you create a reverse arbitrage at -1.3% and then close it
at +0.6%, you can earn 1.9% in a very short period of time. These are market-specific opportunities that are only
available for a limited time.

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 COMPANY PROFILE:

STAMPED CAPITAL LIMITED:

A non-bank liquidity provider is Stampede Capital Ltd. The corporation solely engages in one line of business
broking and dealing in securities and currencies on reputable Indian stock exchanges. solutions for over-the-
counter FX hedging, international connectivity, and tangible goods Stampede Capital Limited is a publicly traded
company that was founded on April 28, 1995.

It is a public limited company headquartered in Hyderabad, Telangana. It has a total paid-up capital of INR 28.71
crore and an authorized share capital of INR 100.00 crore. The organization provides financial services. It
provides loans for small and medium-sized businesses as well as housing services.

Finance Consultant, Business Plan Service, Financial Planning, Financial Engineering Services, Retail Finance
Services, and so on. Service Provider is a category. Stampede Capital Limited current status is Active. According,
to our records, Stampede Capital Limited's most recent AGM (Annual General Meeting) was held on
September 29, 2022. Furthermore, according to our records, its most recent balance sheet was prepared for the
fiscal year ending March 31, 2022.

Stampede Capital Limited has six directors, including Parameshwar Botla and Jonna Venkata Tirupati Rao. The
company has six directors and two key management personnel who have been identified. Srinivas Maya, who
was appointed on January 24, 2020, is the board longest-serving director. Srinivas Maya has been a member of
the board for two years and eleven months. Jonna Venkata Tirupati Rao, who was appointed on November 27,
2020, is the most recently appointed director. Jonna Venkata Tirupati Rao holds the most other directorships, with
a seat at 14 different companies. Through its directors, the company is linked to 17 other companies in total.

Stampede Capital Limited's. Stampede Capital Limited registered office is at KURA Tower Towers, 10th
Floor, D. No.1-11-254&1-11- Corporate Identification Number (CIN) is S.P. Road, Begumpet, Hyderabad,
Hyderabad, Telangana. DVR Equity share of Rs. 1 for every, Hyderabad - 500034, Third Floor, Road No. 12,
Banjara hills.

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STAMPED PRODUCTS:

Services for Portfolio Management:

Portfolio Management Services (PMS) by Stampede Capital is an investment portfolio of stocks, debt, cash,
structured instruments, and other individual assets. Professional money managers supervise them, and they may
be able to create customized portfolios to meet specific investing objectives. A diversified Large Cap Equity
Portfolio comprised of safe and essentially fail-proof stocks serves as the PMS pivot. The Portfolio seeks to
generate Alpha and capital appreciation by using the MPT STAMPED PRODUCTS:

14
 CHAPTER-3

THEORITICAL ANALYSIS

15
DEFINITION OF SHARES:

A company’s capital is divided into shares. Each share is a unit of ownership in a company and is sold to raise
capital for the company. Shares are broadly classified into two types: equity shares and preference shares.
Holders of equity shares have the right to a portion of the company earnings/profits as well as a vote in the
company must AGMs. Such a shareholder shares the company's profits as well as bear its losses.

Preference shares, on the other hand, pay out only fixed dividends and have no voting rights. The company true
owners are the equity shareholders. The primary market is where shares are offered for sale directly by the
company for the first time, whereas the secondary market is where shares are traded.

Key points in shares:

Shares are units of ownership in a corporation or financial asset that are owned by investors who exchange capital
for these units. Common shares provide voting rights as well as potential returns from price appreciation and
dividends. Preferred shares do not offer price appreciation, but they can be redeemed at a low cost and pay out
regular dividends. Most businesses have shares, but only publicly traded companies' shares are traded on
stock exchanges.

UNDERSTANDING SHARES:

When forming a corporation, owners can choose whether to issue common stock or preferred stock. to investors.
Companies sell equity shares to investors in exchange for capital, which is used to expand and operate the
business. Unlike debt capital, which is obtained through a loan or bond issue, equity has no legal obligation to be
repaid to investors, and shares, while they may pay dividends as a profit distribution, do not pay interest. Almost
all businesses, from small partnerships or LLCs to multinational corporations, issue some form of stock. The
founders or partners own the shares in privately held companies or partnerships. As small businesses grow, their
shares are sold in the primary market to outside investors. Friends and family may be among these, followed by
angel or venture capital (VC) investors. If the company growth continues, it may seek to raise additional equity
capital by selling shares to the public through an

initial public offering (IPO). A company's shares are said to be publicly traded after an IPO and are listed
on a stock exchange. The majority of businesses issue common stock. These give shareholders a residual claim on
the company and its profits, allowing for potential investment growth through capital gains as well as dividends.
Common shares also include voting rights, giving shareholders greater control over the company.

16
These rights enable shareholders of record in a company to vote on certain corporate actions, elect board
members, and approve the issuance of new securities or the payment of dividends. Furthermore, certain common
stock comes with preemptive rights, which allow shareholders to purchase new shares while maintaining their
percentage of ownership when the corporation issues new stock.

AUTHORIZED AND ISSUED SHARES:

Authorized shares are the maximum number of shares that a company can legally issue to investors based on its
own determinations. The maximum number is specified in the legal formation documents of a company, know as
the articles of incorporation. Issued shares are the subset of authorized shares that have been sold to and held by
the shareholders of a company, regardless of whether they are insiders, institutional investors, or the general
public (as shown in the company’s annual report). Issued shares include the stock a company sells publicly to
generate capital and the stock given to insiders as part of their compensation packages.

. TYPES OF SHARES:

1. PREFARENCE SHARE CAPITAL

2. EQITY SHARE CAPITAL

According to section 43 of the Companies Act 2013, the company share capital is divided into two categories:

PREFERENCE SHARE CAPITAL:

Preference Share Capital refers to the funds raised by a company by issuing preference shares (also known as
Preference stock). Preference Dividends are paid to shareholders first, even before equity shareholders. They are
also stockholders in the company, but they do not have voting rights to choose its management. When the
company decides to declare a dividend, they are entitled to a fixed rate of compensation. They also have the right
to capital repayment if the company is dissolved. Here are a few examples of common types:

 Cummulative Preference Shares

 Arrears will be compensated in upcoming years.
 If Your profits is insufficient, you won’t lose anything.
 The dividend rate will always remain set.
 Non-cumulative preference shares
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  If the profit is insufficient, they won’t get anything.
 Dividends are assured at a particular rate.
 Participating preference shares
 The right to a portion of the profits guaranteed
 Dividends at a specific rate.
 Non-participating shares
 Being entitled to a share of the profits.
 Dividends are promised at a specific rate
 convertible preference shares
 it can be converted into equity shares within a specific time frame.
 Non-participating shares
 It cannot be converted into equity shares.
 Redeemable preference shares
 Shares that a company may repay at any time after a set period of time.
 Irredeemable preference shares
 Shares are only repaid when the company is dissolved.
 There is no redemption arrangement.

EQUITY SHARE CAPITAL:

The funds generated by a company through the issuance of equity shares are referred to as equity share capital
also known as ordinary shares. It is made up of company shares that the owners decide to sell on the stock
market to individual investors and institutions. Equity shareholders become stakeholders in the organization, and
these investors have both ownership and voting rights in the company to choose their management.

Equity shares classified into four types on the basis of share capital:

1. Authorized shares capital

2. Issued share capital

3. Subscribed share capital

4. Paid-up capital

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1. Authorized share capital:

Every firm must specify the maximum amount of capital that can be raised by issuing equity shares in its
Memorandum of Associations. However, by paying additional costs and completing specific legal procedures,
the limit can be raised.

2. Issued share capital:

This refers to the portion of a company's capital that has been made available to investors through the
issuance of equity shares. If one stock has a nominal value of Rs 200 and the firm issues 20,000 equity shares,
the company's issued share capital is Rs 40 lakh.

3. Subscribed capital:

The portion of the issued capital that has been purchased by investors is referred to as subscribed Share capital.

4. Paid-up capital:

The amount of money paid by investors to hold the company equity is referred to as paid-up capital. Because
investors pay the entire amount at once, subscribed and paid-up capital refer to the same amount at once.

Equity shares classified into four types on the basis of definition:

1. Bonus shares

2. Right shares

3. Sweat equity shares

4. Voting and non-voting shares

1. Bonus shares:

The term bonus share refers to additional stock that is given to existing shareholders for free or as a bonus.

2. Right shares:

The essence of right shares is that a company can offer additional shares to its existing shareholders at a
predetermined price and timeframe before being listed on stock exchanges.

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3. Sweat equity shares:

If you have made a significant contribution as a firm employee, the corporation may award you sweat equity
shares as a reward.

4. Voting and non-voting shares:

Regardless of whether the majority of shares have voting rights, the corporation can make an exception and
provide shareholders with differential or zero voting rights. Equity shares classified into three types on the basis
of returns:

1. Dividend shares

2. Growth shares

3. Value shares

1. Dividend shares:

A company can choose to pay dividends pro-data by issuing new shares.

2. Growth shares:

These stocks are linked to companies that have experienced rapid growth. While such businesses may not pay
dividends, the value of their stock rises rapidly, rewarding investors with financial gains.

3. Value shares:

These shares are traded on stock exchanges at a discount to their true value. Investors should expect prices to rise
over time, resulting in a higher share price amount.

Share markets:

Meaning of share markets:

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A share market is a platform where sellers and buyers meet to trade publicly traded shares. It assists Businesses
in obtaining funds for growth and promotion. The investment, also known as a stock Market includes live trading
of the company’s shares.

Definition of share markets:

A stock exchange or over-the-counter market is a marketplace where shares of publicly traded Companies are
issued and traded. There are still doubts about the stock markets value. Share market is divided into two types:

1. Primary market

2. Secondary market

1. Primary market:

The primary share market is a place where new investors can learn about the securities or stocks offered. By
various well-known corporations. The primary share market initiates and gradually gains momentum in the share
market procedure. The primary share market is a place where new investors can learn about the securities or
stocks offered By various well-known corporations. The primary share market initiates and gradually gains
momentum. In the share market procedure.

2. Secondary market:

The procedures begun in the primary share market are continued in the secondary share market. This market
reflects the activities of all share buyers and sellers. Because there is no commotion of companies issuing
securities, investors find it more convenient to trade here. Share prices are determined here based on market
trends, and prices fluctuate a lot here. The secondary share market allows investors to trade various financial
assets such as equities, bonds, and company shares.

BSE (BOMBAY STOCK EXCHANGE):

BSE Limited, also known as the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE), is an Indian stock exchange. It is located on
Dalal Street in Mumbai. It was founded in 1875 by cotton merchant Premchand Roy Chand, a Jain businessman,
and is the oldest stock exchange in Asia as well as the tenth oldest in the world. As of January 2022, the BSE is
the world's sixth largest stock exchange, with a total market capitalization of more than 276.713 Lakh
Crore or $3.56 Trillion USD.

21
NSE (NATIONAL STOCK EXCHANGE):

The National Stock Exchange of India Limited (NSE) is India largest stock exchange, with headquarters in
Mumbai, Maharashtra. A number of major financial institutions, banks, and insurance companies own it. In
1992, the National Stock Exchange (NSE) was established as the country first dematerialized electronic
exchange. The NSE was the country first exchange to offer a modern, fully automated screen-based electronic
trading system, allowing investors from all over the country to trade with ease. Vikram Limaye is the Managing
Director and Chief Executive Officer of the NSE.

Bull market:

A bull market is a financial market condition in which prices are rising or are expected to rise. The term bull
market is most commonly associated with the stock market, but it can be applied to any traded asset, including
bonds, real estate, currencies, and commodities.

Key points in bull market:

 A bull market occurs when securities are rising, whereas a bear market occurs when securities fall for an
extended period of time.

 It critical to understand the distinctions between bull and bear markets and how they affect your investment
decisions.

 working with a financial advisor to create a plan and diversified portfolio can assist you in managing market
risk and avoiding emotional investment decisions.

Bull market characteristics:

Investor confidence:

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In many ways, investor confidence determines the market. When investors are optimistic about the economy and
the market, they invest more aggressively. These decisions have the potential to increase corporate profits, stock
prices, and overall growth. Investor confidence rises as well, pushing markets higher.

A strong economy:

A bull market may begin when prices are low, as a bear market is coming to an end, but economic conditions are
typically strong when a bull market begins. Unemployment may be lower, making people more optimistic and
willing to spend money. Companies may choose to go public during a bull market due to the increase in investor
confidence.

Higher demand and shorter supply of securities:

During a bull market, investors are eager to buy securities, resulting in a shorter supply of securities and higher
prices per share.

Bear market:

A bear market occurs when a market's prices fall for an extended period of time. It typically refers to a
situation in which stock prices have fallen 20% or more from recent highs due to wide spread pessimism and
negative investor sentiment.

Important points in bear market:

 Bear markets occur when market prices fall by more than 20%, which is frequently accompanied by negative
investor sentiment and declining economic prospects.

 Bear markets can be cyclical or long-term in nature. The former lasts several weeks or months, whereas the
latter can last several years or even decades.

 Short selling, put options, and inverse ETFs are some of the ways that investors can profit as prices fall during
a bear market.

Bear market phases:

 The first phase is distinguished by high prices and strong investor sentiment. Toward

the end of this period, investors begin to exit the markets and take profits.

23
 In the second phase, stock prices begin to fall sharply, trading activity and corporate profits begin to fall, and
previously positive economic indicators begin to fall below average. As sentiment begins to deteriorate, some
investors begin to panic. This is known as capitulation.

 In the third phase, speculators begin to enter the market, raising some prices and trading volume.

 Stock prices continue to fall slowly in the fourth and final phase. As low prices and good news begin to entice
investors again, bear markets begin to give way to bull markets.

SHARE PRICE FLUCTUATION:

The price of shares, like any other product, is determined by supply and demand. Prices rise when the supply of
available shares is insufficient to meet investor demand; they fall when fewer investors are interested in
purchasing shares.

Factors that fluctuate the shares price:

There are numerous factors that influence the market. But when you strip away everything on the outside and
look at the most fundamental factor, it is simple: supply and demand. An imbalance between supply and demand,
like any other commodity, will cause the price of stock to rise or fall. If there is a sudden scarcity of potatoes and
a large number of people line up to buy them, the price of potatoes will skyrocket.

The Earnings Foundation:

The method used to calculate earnings power may differ depending on the type of company being studied. Many
industries have their own unique set of metrics. Real estate investment trusts (REITs), for example, use a type of
earnings power metric known as funds from operations (FFO). Dividends per share, which represent what the
shareholder actually receives, are frequently used to evaluate relatively mature companies.

The Valuation Multiple:

The valuation multiple expresses future expectations. It is fundamentally based, as previously stated, on the
discounted present value of the future earnings stream. As a result, the two most important factors here are:

 The expected expansion of the earnings base.

 The discount rate is used to calculate the present value of future earnings streams.

24
 A higher growth rate results in a higher multiple, while a higher discount rate results in a lower multiple.

What determines the discount rate? First, it is a function of perceived risk. A riskier stock earns a

higher discount rate, which results in a lower multiple. Second, it is influenced by inflation (or interest rates,
arguably). Higher inflation results in a higher discount rate, which results in a lower multiple (meaning the future
earnings are going to be worth less in inflationary environments).

Factors of Technical

Things would be simpler if stock prices were determined solely by fundamental factors. The combination of
external conditions that affects the supply and demand for a company stock is referred to as technical factors.
Some of these have an indirect effect on the fundamentals. Economic growth, for example, indirectly contributes
to wage growth.

Technical factors the include the following:

a. Inflation:

We mentioned it earlier as a factor in the valuation multiple, but inflation is also a significant technical driver.
Low inflation has historically had a strong negative correlation with valuations (low inflation drives high
multiples and high inflation drives low multiples). Deflation, on the other hand, is generally negative for stocks
because it indicates a loss of pricing power for businesses.

b. Market and Peer Economic Strength:

Company stocks tend to track the market and their sector or industry peers. Some prominent investment firms
argue that the combination of overall market and sector movements, rather than a company individual
performance, determines the majority of a stock's movement. (According to research, economic/market
factors account for 90 percent of it.) For example, a sudden negative outlook for one retail stock often hurts other
retail stocks because guilt by association drags down demand for the entire sector.

C. Substitutes:

25
Companies compete for investment dollars with other asset classes on a global scale. These include corporate
bonds, government bonds, commodities, real estate, and foreign equities. The relationship between demand for
US equities and their substitutes is difficult to decipher, but it is significant.

Incidental Transactions:

Incidental transactions are stock purchases or sales motivated by factors other than belief in the stock intrinsic
value. These transactions include executive insider deals, which are frequently pre-planned or driven by portfolio
objectives. Another example is an institution purchasing or selling a stock in order to hedge another investment.
Although these transactions are not official votes cast for or against the stock, they do affect supply and demand
and, as a result, can move the price.

Trends:

Frequently, a stock will simply follow a short-term trend. On the one hand, a rising stock can gain traction as
success breeds success and popularity lifts the stock higher. A stock, on the other hand, can behave in a trend in
the opposite direction and do what is known as reverting to the mean. Unfortunately, because trends cut both
ways and are more obvious in retrospect, knowing that stocks does not help us predict the future.

Liquidity:

Liquidity is an important but often overlooked factor. It refers to how much interest a specific stock receives
from investors. Walmart stock, for example, is extremely liquid and thus extremely responsive to material news;
the average small-cap company is not. Trading volume is a function of corporate communications as well as a
proxy for liquidity (that is, the degree to which the company is getting attention from the investor community).

Large-cap stocks are highly liquid, as they are widely followed and traded. Many small-cap stocks suffer from a
near-permanent liquidity discount because they are simply not on the radar screens

26
Investors Market sentiment:

Market sentiment refers to investors overall attitude toward a specific security or financial market. It is the mood
or tone of a market, or the psychology of its participants, as revealed by the activity and price movement of the
securities traded in that market. In general, rising prices indicate a bullish market, while falling prices indicate a
bearish market.

Market sentiment, also known as investor attention, is the general prevailing attitude of investors in a market
regarding anticipated price development. This mindset is the result of a confluence of fundamental and technical
factors, such as price history, economic reports, seasonal factors, and national and global events. Bullish sentime
expect the stock market to rise in price. On the other hand, if market sentiment is bearish, most investors
anticipate price declines. Perm a bulls and perm a bears are market participants who maintain a constant
sentiment regardless of market conditions. Typically, market sentiment is Usually regarded as a contrarian
indicator: betting against what most people expect. Market sentiment is used because it is thought to be a good
predictor of market movements, particularly when it is extreme. Extremely bearish sentiment is usually followed
by a market rally, and vice versa. A bull market is defined as a sustained period of either realized or expected
price increases, whereas a bear market is defined as a period in which an index or stock has fallen 20% or more
from a recent high for an extended period of time. A variety of technical and statistical methods, such as the
number of advancing versus declining stocks and new highs versus new lows comparisons, are used to gauge
market sentiment. Market sentiment has been blamed for a large portion of an individual stock overall
movement. In the popular Wall Street phrase the trend is your friend, the stock market demonstration of the
situation is often described as all boats float or sink with the tide. In the last decade, investors have also been

27
known to use news analytics to measure market sentiment, which includes sentiment analysis on textual stories
about companies and sectors exists when investors

Chapter-4

Data analysis and Interpretation

28
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION:

CHANGES IN SHARE PRICE OF TRIDENT TEXTILE INDUSTRY

FOR THE MONTH OF OCTOBER 5/2022 NOVEMBER 6/2022

29
 DATES OPENINGPRICE CLOSINGPRICE DIFFERENCE
Oct 06/2022 37.20 37.35 0.15
oct-07 37.55 38.20 0.65
oct-10 37.95 37.35 -0.6
0ct-11 37.40 36.80 -0.6
0ct-12 37.00 36.55 -0.45
oct-13 36.60 36.05 -0.55
oct-14 36.95 36.20 -0.75
oct-17 36.25 35.85 -0.75
oct-18 36.05 35.60 -0.45
oct-19 35.55 35.05 -0.5
oct-20 35.00 35.20 0.2
oct-21 35.45 35.10 -0.35
oct-24 35.80 35.85 0.05
oct-25 35.70 35.35 -0.35
oct-27 35.90 35.85 -0.05
oct-28 35.90 35.30 -0.6
oct-31 35.60 35.25 -0.35
Nov-01 35.25 35.20 -0.05
Nov-02 35.20 35.25 0.05
Nov-03 35.20 35.35 0.15
Nov-04 35.25 35.40 0.15

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION

30
 TRIDENT LIMITED SHARE PRICE FLUCTUATION
0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
oct 07- 10- 11- 12- 13- 14- 17- 18- 19- 20- 21- 24- 25- 27- 28- 31- 01- 02- 03- 04-
-0.2 06/ Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Nov Nov Nov Nov
202
2
-0.4

-0.6

-0.8

-1

difference column1 column2

INTERPRETATION:
The above table shows the change in price of TRIDENT limited during the period o fOctober5 – November -6

The price has been fluctuating during the period of study Most of the times it shows fall. The highest price is
0.65 that is on October-7. The high fall down is -0.5 that is onOctober17 & 18.

The opening share price at beginning the period =37.20 and the closing share price during the end
of the period=35.40

The difference between opening share and closing share is 35.40-37.20 that equals to -1.8

The price of the shares was increased by 0.5 rupees during this period of study. In terms of percentage
(%)=(-1.8/37.20)*100=-4.84% (fall)

CHANGES IN SHARE PRICES OF RAYMOND LIMITED FOR THE MONTH OF

OCTOBER 5- NOVEMBER 6

31
 DATES OPENINGPRICE CLOSINGPRICE DIFFERENCE
OCT6/2022 1,074.00 1,120.00 46
Oct-07 1,130.05 1,162.85 32.8
Oct-10 1,152.90 1,140.80 -12.1
Oct-11 1,148.00 1,099.35 -48.65
Oct-12 1,107.50 1,258.20 1,150.7
Oct-13 1,237.00 1,232.45 -4.55
Oct-14 1,260.00 1,155.60 -104.4
Oct-17 1,155.60 1,134.70 -20.9
Oct-18 1,147.65 1,167.95 20.3
Oct-19 1,175.90 1,154.05 -21.85
Oct-20 1,153.20 1,167.70 14.5
Oct-21 1,174.00 1,134.40 -39.6
Oct-24 1,141.70 1,120.30 -21.4
Oct-25 1,122.85 1,098.95 -23.9
Oct-27 1,099.50 1,128.50 27
Oct-28 1,129.95 1,160.25 30.3
Oct-31 1,169.40 1,197.15 27.75
Nov-01 1,196.60 1,205.35 8.75
Nov-02 1,207.10 1,174.25 -32.85
Nov-03 1,163.00 1,223.20 60.2
Nov-04 1,320.45 1,296.50 -23.95

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION:

32
 RAYMOND LIMITED SHARE PRICE FLUCTU-
ATION
1400

1200

1000

800

600

400

200

0
OCT 07- 10- 11- 12- 13- 14- 17- 18- 19- 20- 21- 24- 25- 27- 28- 31- 01- 02- 03- 04- \
-200 6/2 Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Nov Nov Nov Nov
022

difference column1 column2

INTERPRETATION:

The above table shows the change in price of RAYMOND limited during the period of October 5 – November -6

The price has been fluctuating during the period of study Most of the times it was shown the rise. The
highest price is 150.7 that is on October-12. The high fall down is -104.4that is on October14.

The opening share price at beginning the period =1,074.00 and the closing share price during the
end of the period=1,296.50

The difference between opening share and closing share is 1,296.50-1,074.00 that equals to 222.5. The price of
the shares was increased by 0.5 rupees during this period of study. In terms of percentage
(%)=(222.5/1,074.00)*100=20.71% (rise)

In this period of study Raymond shares increased by 20.71%

CHANGES IN SHARE PRICES OF ARVIND LIMITED FOR THE MONTH OFOCTOBER

5/2022 NOVEMBER6/2022

33
 DATES OPENINGPRICE CLOSINGPRICE DIFFERENCE
Oct 6/2022 95.60 96.10 0.5
Oct-07 96.95 99.00 2.05
Oct-10 98.40 97.15 -1.25
Oct-11 97.70 95.05 -2.65
Oct-12 95.75 96.50 0.75
Oct-13 96.95 95.65 -1.3
Oct-14 96.90 96.20 -0.7
Oct-17 96.00 95.30 -0.7
Oct-18 95.95 95.75 -0.2
Oct-19 96.20 94.75 -1.45
Oct-20 94.50 93.75 -0.75
Oct-21 95.75 92.95 -2.8
Oct-24 94.25 94.50 .0.25
Oct-25 94.90 92.60 -2.3
Oct-27 93.40 93.40 0
Oct-28 93.40 93.00 -0.4
Oct-31 93.80 92.80 -1
Nov-01 93.30 93.10 -0.2
Nov-02 93.10 91.75 -1.35
Nov-03 91.60 91.55 -0.05
Nov-04 92.00 95.75 3.75

GRAPHICALREPRESENTATION:

34
 ARVIND LIMITED SHARE PRICE FLUCTUATION
5

0
oct 07- 10- 11- 12- 13- 14- 17- 18- 19- 20- 21- 24- 25- 27- 28- 31- 01- 02- 03- 04-
-1 6/20 Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Nov Nov Nov Nov
22
-2

-3

-4

difference column1 column2

INTERPRETATION:

The above table shows the change in price of ARVIND limited during the period of October 5-
November-6

The price has been fluctuating during the period of study Most of the times it was shown the raise. The
highest price is 3.75 that is on November-4. The high fall down is -2.65 that is on October11.

The opening share price at beginning the period =95.60and the closing share price during the end
of the period=95.75

The difference between opening share and closing share is 95.75-95.60 that equals to0.15

The price of the shares was increased by 0.5 rupees during this period of study. In terms of percentage
(%)=(95.75/95.60)*100=0.15% (rise)

In this period of study Arvind share.

CHANGES IN SHARE PRICES OF WELSPUN INDIA LIMITED FORTHE MONTH

OF OCTOBER5/2022 NOVEMBER 6/2022
35
 DATES OPENINGPRICE CLOSING PRICE DIFFERENCE
Oct 6/2022 76.30 76.30 0
Oct-07 76.00 78.35 2.35
Oct-10 77.85 78.25 0.4
Oct-11 78.25 77.05 -1.2
Oct-12 77.35 75.85 -1.5
Oct-13 75.75 76.90 1.15
Oct-14 77.35 76.30 -1.05
Oct-17 76.40 74.55 -1.85
Oct-18 75.00 76.40 1.4
Oct-19 76.40 76.75 0.35
Oct-20 75.80 76.85 1.05
Oct-21 76.85 78.20 1.35
Oct-24 79.30 79.00 -0.3
Oct-25 79.15 78.00 -1.15
Oct-27 78.00 78.50 0.5
Oct-28 78.50 78.45 -0.05
Oct-31 78.85 78.35 -0.5
Nov-01 78.65 77.90 -0.75
Nov-02 77.80 78.65 0.85
Nov-03 78.95 78.30 -0.65
Nov-04 78.45 78.45 0

GRAPHICALREPRESENTATION

36
 WELSPUN LIMITED SHARE PRICE FLUCTU-
TATION
3

0
oct 07- 10- 11- 12- 13- 14- 17- 18- 19- 20- 21- 24- 25- 27- 28- 31- 01- 02- 03- 04-
6/20 Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Nov Nov Nov Nov
-1 22

-2

-3

difference column1 column2

INTERPRETATION :
The above table shows the change in price of WELSPUN limited during the period of October5- November
6

The price has been fluctuating during the period of study Most of the times it was shown the raise. The
highest price is 2.35 that is on October7. The high fall down is -1.85 that is on October17.

The opening share price at beginning the period =76.30 and the closing share price during the end
of the period=78.45

The difference between opening share and closing share is 78.45-76.30 that equals to2.15

The price of the shares was increased by 0.5 rupees during this period of study. In terms of percentage
(%)=(2.15/76.30)*100=2.8178%(rise)

In this period of study Welspun shares increased by 2.817.

37
CHAGESINSHAREPRICESOFVARADHMAN LIMITEDFORTHE MONTH
OFOCTOBER 5/2022 NOVOMBER 6/2022

DATES OPENINGPRICE CLOSINGPRICE DIFFERENCE

Oct-06 337.30 337.20 -0.1
Oct-07 338.10 337.70 -0.4
Oct-10 332.00 349.15 17.15
Oct-11 350.00 341.30 -8.7
Oct-12 342.60 349.60 7
Oct-13 349.00 351.95 2.95
Oct-14 355.45 344.65 -10.8
Oct-17 346.40 349.10 2.7
Oct-18 350.85 352.35 1.5
Oct-19 352.35 345.05 -7.3
Oct-20 345.05 362.15 17.1
Oct-21 363.95 358.05 -5.9
Oct-24 360.00 355.20 -4.8
Oct-25 357.00 344.80 -12.2
Oct-27 351.00 337.90 -13.1
Oct-28 337.90 341.30 3.4
Oct-31 333.10 336.55 3.45
Nov-01 335.00 340.00 5
Nov-02 341.00 348.25 7.25
Nov-03 347.00 350.70 3.7
Nov-04 351.95 353.60 1.65

38
GRAPHICALREPRESENTATION:

VARADHMAN LIMITED SHARE PRICE FLUC-

TUATION
20

15

10

0
oct 07- 10- 11- 12- 13- 14- 17- 18- 19- 20- 21- 24- 25- 27- 28- 31- 01- 02- 03- 04-
06/2 Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Nov Nov Nov Nov
-5 022

-10

-15

difference column1 column2

INTERPRETATION:
The above table shows the change in price of VARADHMAN limited during the period of October 5-November 6

The price has been fluctuating during the period of study Most of the times it was shown the raise. The
highest price is 17.15 that is on October-10. The high fall down is -13.1 that is on October27.

The opening share price at beginning the period =337.30 and the closing share price during the end
of the period=353.60

The difference between opening share and closing share is 337.30–353.60 that equals to 16.3

The price of the shares was increased by 0.5 rupees during this period of study. In terms of percentage
(%)=(16.3/337.30)*100= 4.832% (rise)

In this period of study Vardhman shares increasedby4.832%

39
CHANGESINSHAREPRICESOFSUN PHARMA INDUSTRYFORTHE MONTH OF
OCTOBER 5/2022 NOVEMBER 6/2022

DATES OPENINGPRICE CLOSING PRICE DIFFERENCE

Oct-06 954.70 953.90 -0.8
Oct-07 953.00 955.15 2.15
Oct-10 945.95 946.05 0.1
Oct-11 950.80 944.75 -6.05
Oct-12 946.00 955.55 9.55
Oct-13 956.85 968.40 11.55
Oct-14 976.00 976.30 0.3
Oct-17 976.30 980.00 3.7
Oct-18 983.75 978.35 -5.4
Oct-19 975.60 976.90 1.3
Oct-20 970.00 980.35 10.35
Oct-21 981.00 977.70 -3.3
Oct-24 986.00 987.00 1
Oct-25 991.95 991.55 -0.4
Oct-27 999.00 1011.65 12.65
Oct-28 1002.00 990.00 -12
Oct-31 994.95 1016.90 21.95
Nov-01 1021.95 1036.60 14.65
Nov-02 1038.80 1051.95 13.15
Nov-03 1045.00 1043.40 -1.6
Nov-04 1045.30 1039.90 -5.4

40
GRAPHICALREPRESENTATION:

SUN PHARMA LIMITED SHARE PRICE FLUC-

TUATION
25

20

15

10

0
oct 07- 10- 11- 12- 13- 14- 17- 18- 19- 20- 21- 24- 25- 27- 28- 31- 01- 02- 03- 04-
-5 06/2 Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Nov Nov Nov Nov
022
-10

-15

difference column1 column2

INTERPRETATION:

The above table shows the change in price of SUN PHARMA limited during the period of October 5- November
6

The price has been fluctuating during the period of study Most of the times it was shown the raise. The
highest price is 21.95that is on October-31. The high fall down is -6.05 that is on October11.

The opening share price at beginning the period =954.70and the closing share price during the end
of the period=1039.90

The difference between opening share and closing share is 1039.90–954.70 that equals to 85.2

The price of the shares was increased by 0.5 rupees during this period of study. In terms of percentage
(%)=(85.2/954.7)*100= 8.924% (rise)

In this period of study sun pharma shares increased by8.924%

41
CHANGES IN SHARE PRICES OF DIVI’S LABORATORIES FOR THE MONTH OF
OCTOBER 5/2022 NOVEMBER 6/2022

DATES OPENING PRICE CLOSINGPRICE DIFFERENCE

Oct6/2022 3800 3736.8 -63.2
Oct-07 3705.6 3735.2 29.6
Oct-10 3675 3682.7 7.7
Oct-11 3721.35 3497.5 -223.85
Oct-12 3502 3524.75 22.75
Oct-13 3519.95 3524.35 4.4
Oct-14 3569.5 3571.95 2.45
Oct-17 3567.95 3580 12.05
Oct-18 3575.25 3571.85 -3.4
Oct-19 3563.05 3610.15 47.1
Oct-20 3589.65 3651.3 61.65
Oct-21 3651.5 3569.55 -81.95
Oct-24 3629 3612 -17
Oct-25 3620 3599.9 -20.1
Oct-27 3605.35 3621.65 16.3
Oct-28 3630.05 3547.25 -82.8
Oct-31 5551.35 3607 -1944.35
Nov-01 3604.8 3835.25 230.45
Nov-02 3842.75 3780.95 -61.8
Nov-03 3751.4 3780.25 28.85
Nov-04 3797.1 3745.05 -52.05

42
 GRAPHICALREPRESENTATION:

DIVI'S LABORATORIES LIMITED SHARE PRICE

FLUCTUATION
500

0
OCT 07- 10- 11- 12- 13- 14- 17- 18- 19- 20- 21- 24- 25- 27- 28- 31- 01- 02- 03- 04-
6/20 Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Nov Nov Nov Nov
-500 22

-1000

-1500

-2000

-2500

difference column1 column2

INTERPRETATION:
The above table shows the change in price of DIVI’S LABORATORIES limited during the
period of October 5- November 6

The price has been fluctuating during the period of study Most of the times it was shown the
fall. The highest price is 230.45that is on november-1. The high fall down is -1944.35that is
on October31.

The opening share price at beginning the period=3800.00 and the closing share price during
the end of the period=3745.05

The difference between no opening share and closing share is 3745.05–3800.00 that equals
to -54.95

The price of the shares was increased by 0.5 rupees during this period of study. In terms of
percentage (%)=(-54.95/3800)*100= -1.446% (fall)

In this period of study divi’s laboratories shares decreased by-1.41.

43
 DATES OPENINGSTOCK CLOSINGSTOCK DIFFERENCE
Oct6/2022 4436.05 4397.55 -38.5
Oct-07 4390.00 4376.65 -13.35
Oct-10 4350.00 4380.00 30
Oct-11 4387.00 4282.75 -104.25
Oct-12 4300.00 4241.15 -58.85
Oct-13 4249.95 4254.65 4.7
Oct-14 4305.00 4310.80 5.8
Oct-17 4305.00 4335.20 30.2
Oct-18 4356.90 4356.55 -0.35
Oct-19 4360.05 4316.90 -43.15
Oct-20 4305.00 4349.05 44.05
Oct-21 4355.00 4330.80 -24.2
Oct-24 4364.80 4377.50 12.7
Oct-25 4389.95 4442.35 52.4
Oct-27 4460.00 4491.20 31.2
Oct-28 4485.00 4459.95 -25.05
Oct-31 4531.00 4433.70 -97.3
Nov-01 4435.25 4535.30 100.05
Nov-02 4545.05 4555.65 10.6
Nov-03 4555.65 4589.90 34.25
Nov-04 4590.05 4525.10 -64.95

CHANGES IN SHARE PRICES OF REDDY’S LABORATORIES FOR

THE MONTH OF OCTOBER 5/2022 NOVEMBER 6/2022

44
GRAPHICALREPRESENTATION:

REDDY'S LABORATORIES LIMITED SHARE PRICE FLUCTU-

ATION
150

100

50

0
OCT 07- 10- 11- 12- 13- 14- 17- 18- 19- 20- 21- 24- 25- 27- 28- 31- 01- 02- 03- 04-
Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Nov Nov Nov Nov
-50 6/20
22

-100

-150

difference column1 column2

INTERPRETATION:

The above table shows the change in price of REDDY’S LABORATORIES limited during the period
Of October 5- November -6

The price has been fluctuating during the period of study Most of the times it was
shown the fall. The highest price is100.05that is on november-1. The high fall down
is -104.25that is on October11.

The opening share price at beginning the period=4436.05and the closing share
price during the end of the period=4525.10

The difference between opening share and closing share is 4525.10–4436.05 that equals to -
89.05

The price of the shares was increased by 0.5 rupees during this period of study. In terms of
45
percentage (%)=(-89.05/4436.05)*100= -2% (fall)

In this period of study Reddy’s laboratories shares decreased by-2.

CHANGES IN SHARE PRICE OF CIPLA LIMITED FOR THE MONTH

OF OCTOBER 5/2022 NOVEMBER 6/2022

DATES OPENINGSTOCK CLOSINGSTOCK DIFFERENCE

Oct 6/2022 1150.40 1134.45 -15.95
Oct -07 1135.00 1130.50 -4.5
Oct -10 1110.00 1118.85 8.85
Oct -11 1121.80 1110.10 -11.7
Oct -12 1111.60 1108.45 -3.15
Oct -13 1108.40 1103.65 -4.35
Oct -14 1115.10 1108.90 -6.2
Oct -17 1108.00 1108.15 0.15
Oct -18 1113.70 1125.85 12.15
Oct -19 1131.50 1122.00 -9.5
Oct -20 1122.00 1136.80 14.8
Oct -21 1136.80 1134.75 -2.05
Oct -24 1145.60 1146.90 1.3
Oct -25 1147.00 1155.90 8.9
Oct -27 1169.95 1165.90 -3.1
Oct -28 1169.00 1155.20 -13.8
Oct -31 1161.00 1167.40 6.4
Nov-01 1167.50 1173.40 5.9
Nov -02 1173.55 1159.25 -14.3
Nov -03 1152.20 1163.10 10.9
Nov -04 1167.85 1146.10 -21.75

46
GRAPHICALREPRESENTATION:

CIPLA LIMITED SHARE PRICE FLUCTUATION

20

15

10

0
OCT 07- 10- 11- 12- 13- 14- 17- 18- 19- 20- 21- 24- 25- 27- 28- 31- 01- 02- 03- 04-
-5 6/20 Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Nov Nov Nov Nov
22
-10

-15

-20

-25

difference column1 column2

INTERPRETATION:
The above table shows the change in price of CIPLA limited during the period of October 5-
November -6

The price has been fluctuating during the period of study Most of the times it was
shown the fall. The highest price is 14.8 that is on october-20. The high fall down is -
21.75 that is on November 4.

The opening share price at beginning the period=1150.40 and the closing share
price during the end of the period=1146.10

The difference between opening share and closing share is 1146.10 – 1150.40that equals to -4.3

The price of the shares was increased by 0.5 rupees during this period of study. In terms of
percentage (%)=(-4.3/1150.40)*100= - 0.3737% (fall)
47
In this period of study Cipla shares decreased by- 0.3737%

CHANGES IN SHARE PRICES OF LUPIN LIMITED FOR THE

MONTH OF OCTOBER 5/2022 NOVEMBER 6/2022

DATES OPENINGSTOCK CLOSINGSTOCK DIFFERENCE

OCT62022 744.95 723.20 -21.75
Oct-07 717.65 721.20 3.55
Oct-10 718.20 707.20 -11
Oct-11 708.00 680.95 -27.05
Oct-12 684.40 679.30 -5.1
Oct-13 679.30 687.15 7.85
Oct-14 694.00 690.65 -3.35
Oct-17 691.00 690.65 -0.35
Oct-18 694.15 693.80 -0.35
Oct-19 695.00 689.15 -5.85
Oct-20 672.00 679.70 7.7
Oct-21 680.50 678.80 -1.7
Oct-24 682.00 680.75 -1.25
Oct-25 680.75 684.50 3.75
Oct-27 687.00 703.30 16.3
Oct-28 706.85 696.40 -10.45
Oct-31 695.00 699.00 4
Nov-01 700.00 709.25 9.25
Nov-02 709.50 707.45 -2.05
Nov-03 704.85 712.15 7.3
Nov-04 714.00 710.65 -3.35

48
GRAPHICALREPRESENTATION:

LUPIN LIMITED SHARE PRICE FLUCTUATION

20

15

10

0
oct 07- 10- 11- 12- 13- 14- 17- 18- 19- 20- 21- 24- 25- 27- 28- 31- 01- 02- 03- 04-
-5 06/2 Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Nov Nov Nov Nov
022
-10

-15

-20

-25

-30

difference Column1 Column2

INTERPRETATION:
The above table shows the change in price of LUPIN limited during the period of October 5-
November -6

The price has been fluctuating during the period of study Most of the times it was shown
the fall. The highest price is 16.3 that is on October-27. The high fall down is -27.05 that is
on October 11.

The opening share price at beginning the period =744.95 and the closing share
price during the end of the period=710.65

The difference between opening share and closing share is 710.65– 744.95 that equals to -34.3

The price of the shares was increased by 0.5 rupees during this period of study. In terms of
percentage (% )=(-34.3/744.95)*100= - 4.604 (fall)

In this period of study lupin shares decreased by- 0.3737%

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 CHAPTER -5

FINDINGS & SUGGESTIONS

50
 FINDINGS
In this study we take limited number of textile industry, and pharma industry they are

FIVE TEXTILE INDUSTRY:

During the period of study TRIDENT recorded a decreased in the share of Rs. -1.8(-
4.84%highestprice)

During the period of study RAYMOND recorded a little increase in share of Rs. -222.5(20.71%
highest price)
During the period of study ARVIND recorded third highest price over all the
period of study that is Rs .0.15(0.15% highest price)
During the period of study WELSPUN recorded very highest price over all the period
of study that is Rs=2.15(2.8178% highest price)
During the period of study VARADHMAN recorded the second highest
share price of Rs.16.3(4.832%highest price)

FIVEPHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY:
During the period of study SUN PHARMA recorded the increase in share of Rs. 85.2
(8.924% of Highest price)
During the period of study DIVI’S LABORATORIES recorded the decrease in
share of -54.95 (-1.446%)
During the period of study REDDY’S LABORATORIES recorded the decrease in
share of -89.05 (-2%)
During the period of study CIPLA LIMITED recorded the decrease in share of -
34(- 4 .604%)
During the period of study LUPIN LIMITED recorded the decrease in share of -34.3(-4.604%)

51
SUGGESSIONS

 During this period of study TRIDENT company share price

decreased to-4.84 %so we can give the suggestion to investors
that they should think once while investing in the trident.
 During this period of study RAYMOND share price increased to
20.71% so we can give suggestion to the investors that we can
take the shares aside while investing in Raymond because the
share price growth is less while comparing to the all taken textile
industry.
 During this period of study ARVIND LIMITED share price was
increase to0.15%so the suggestion for the investors is they can
invest in ARVIND LIMITED vary safely
 During this period of study, the share prices of WELSPUN LIMITED
was increased to 2.8178%.it is very high comparing with 5 sample
textile industry. so the suggestion to the investors is they can invest
in WELSPUN LIMITED with very confident and safe manner.
 During the period of study, the share prices of VARADHMAN
LIMITED was increased to 4.832%. It is second highest growth in
sample textile industry. The suggestion for investors is that they can
invest in VARADHMAN LIMITED also.
 During the period of study SUN PHARMA share prices increased to
8.924% the suggestion for investors is they can invest in the SUN
PHARMA industry.
 During the period of time the share price of the DIVI’S
LABORATORIES decreased to -1.4465 % so the suggestion for the
investors is that they have to think once while investing DIVI’S
LABORATORIES.
52
 In this period of study, the share price of the REDDY’S
LABORATORIES was decreased so the suggestion for the
investors is that they have to think once while investing
REDDY’S LABORATORIES.
 During the period of study, the share of the CIPLA LIMITED was
decreased to -0.3737%.so, the suggestion for the investors is that
they have to think once while investing in the CIPLA LIMITED.
 During the period of study, the share price of the LUPIN LIMITED
was decreased to-4.604%. so, the suggestion for the investors is
that they have to think once while investing in the LUPIN LIMITED
with safety of their investment.

53
 CONCLUSION
From the above observation the share prices of the all-sample shares that we consider was
fluctuating regularly. But all the sample shares increased expect trident the share prices
decreased expect sun pharma industry. The share price of all the sample shares falls on before
the festival’s days. So ,the festivals impact the share prices

54
ANNEXURE

55
 BIBILOGRAPHY

BOOKS: SECURITY ANALYSIS AND PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT

AUTHOR: PNITHAVATI PANDIAN S.K SINGLA, MANISHA GUPTA ,RUCHIKA JAIN.

FINANCIAL MARKETING SERVICES

AUTHOR: JEFF MADURA

Web sites : WWW.investopedia.com

http://stockshastra.moneyworks4me.com

www.yahoo!finance.com

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