Etude de fonctions trigonométriques

A. Exercice 26 p.245

B. Exercice supplémentaire
𝟐𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙 + 𝟏
𝒇(𝒙) =
𝟐 + 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙
1° 𝑃é𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑑𝑒 ∶ 𝑻 = 𝟐𝝅

2° 𝑫𝒐𝒎𝒇 = 𝑹
𝐶𝐸: 2 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 ≠ 0 𝑡𝑗𝑠 𝑣𝑟𝑎𝑖 𝑐𝑎𝑟 − 1 ≤ cos 𝑥 ≤ 1

2 cos(−𝑥) + 1 2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 1
3°𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡é ∶ 𝑓(−𝑥) = = → 𝑷𝒂𝒊𝒓𝒆
2 + cos(−𝑥) 2 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥

2𝑐𝑜𝑠0 + 1 3
4°𝑂𝑟𝑑𝑜𝑛𝑛é𝑒 à 𝑙 ′ 𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑒: 𝑓(0) = = =𝟏
2 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠0 3

5° 𝑅𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑒
2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 1 1 2𝜋
= 0 ⇔ 2 cos 𝑥 + 1 = 0 ⇔ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 = − ⇔ cos 𝑥 = cos ( )
2 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 2 3
2𝜋
𝑥= + 2𝑘𝜋
⇔ { 3
2𝜋
𝑥=− + 2𝑘𝜋
3
𝑅𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑠𝑢𝑟 [0; 2𝜋[
𝟐𝝅 2𝜋 𝟒𝝅
𝒙𝟏 = 𝒙𝟐 = − + 2𝜋 =
𝟑 3 𝟑

6° 𝐴𝑠𝑦𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑠 ∶ 𝑨𝒖𝒄𝒖𝒏𝒆

7° 𝐷é𝑟𝑖𝑣é𝑒
−2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥(2 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥(2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 1) sin 𝑥(−4 − 2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 1)
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = =
(2 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)2 (2 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)2
−𝟑 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝒙
=
(𝟐 + 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙)𝟐
𝑅𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑑é𝑟𝑖𝑣é𝑒 ∶
−3 sin 𝑥 𝒙 = 𝟎 + 𝟐𝒌𝝅
= 0 ⇔ −3𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 = 0 ⇔ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 = 0 ⇔ {
(2 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)2 𝒙 = 𝝅 − 𝟎 + 𝟐𝒌𝝅
8 𝑇𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑢 𝑑𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

𝑥 0 𝜋 2𝜋
𝑓′(𝑥) + 0 − 0 + 0
𝑓(𝑥) ↗ 𝑀𝑎𝑥 ↘ 𝑀𝑖𝑛 ↗
(0; 1)

𝜋
𝜋 −3 sin 2 −3
′
𝑓 ( )= 2 =
2 𝜋 4
(2 + cos )
2
3𝜋
3𝜋 −3 sin 2 3
′
𝑓 ( )= 2 =
2 𝜋 4
(2 + cos 3 2 )
Etude des points critiques
2𝑐𝑜𝑠0 + 1 3
𝑓(0) = = =1
2 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠0 3

2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜋 + 1 −1
𝑓(𝜋) = = = −1
2 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜋 1

9° 𝐺𝑟𝑎𝑝ℎ𝑖𝑞𝑢𝑒
 Etude de fonctions classiques

A. Exercice 26 p.245

B. Exercice supplémentaire

𝒇(𝒙) = √𝒙𝟐 (𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑)

1°𝐷𝑜𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑒

𝐶𝐸: 𝑥 2 (2𝑥 + 3) ≥ 0
𝑅𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑠 ∶
𝑥 2 = 0 𝑜𝑢 2𝑥 + 3 = 0
3
⇔ 𝑥 = 0 𝑜𝑢 𝑥 = −
2

𝑥 3 0
−
2
𝑥2 + + + 0 +
2𝑥 + 3 − 0 + + +
𝑥 2 (2𝑥 + 3) − 0 + 0 +
3
𝑑𝑜𝑚𝑓 = [− ; +∞[
2
2° 𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡é
𝐹𝑐𝑡 𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑐𝑎𝑟 𝑑𝑜𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑛𝑜𝑛 𝑠𝑦𝑚é𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑞𝑢𝑒
3° 𝑂𝑟𝑑𝑜𝑛𝑛é𝑒 à 𝑙 ′ 𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑒

𝑓(0) = √0(0 + 3) = 0
(0; 0)

4° 𝑅𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑠

√𝑥 2 (2𝑥 + 3) = 0
⇔ 𝑥 2 (2𝑥 + 3) = 0
3
2 𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑒𝑛 𝑥 = 0 𝑒𝑡 𝑥 = −
2
3
(0; 0) 𝑒𝑡 (− ; 0)
2
5° 𝐴𝑠𝑦𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑠
𝐴𝑉 → 𝑋 𝑐𝑎𝑟 …
𝐴𝐻 → 𝑋
lim √𝑥 2 (2𝑥 + 3) = ∞
𝑥→+∞

𝐴𝑂 → 𝑋
√𝑥 2 (2𝑥 + 3) |𝑥|√(2𝑥 + 3) 𝑥√(2𝑥 + 3)
𝑚 = lim = lim = lim = lim √(2𝑥 + 3) = ∞
𝑥→+∞ 𝑥 𝑥→+∞ 𝑥 𝑥→+∞ 𝑥 𝑥→+∞

𝐷é𝑓𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑢𝑟 𝑎𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑒 ∶

𝑥 𝑠𝑖 𝑥 ≥ 0
|𝑥| = {
−𝑥 𝑠𝑖 𝑥 ≤ 0

6° 𝐷é𝑟𝑖𝑣é𝑒

𝑓 (𝑥) = √𝑥 2 (2𝑥 + 3) = √2𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2

′ (𝑥)
6𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 3𝑥 2 + 3𝑥
𝑓 = =
2√𝑥 2 (2𝑥 + 3) √𝑥 2 (2𝑥 + 3)

Zéros :

1)3𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 = 0 ⇔ 3𝑥(𝑥 + 1) = 0 ⇔ 𝑥 = 0 𝑜𝑢 𝑥 = −1
3
2)√𝑥 2 (2𝑥 + 3) = 0 ⇔ 𝑥 = 0 𝑜𝑢 𝑥 = −
2
𝑥 3 −1 0
−
2
3𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + + + 0 − 0 +
2
√𝑥 (2𝑥 + 3) // 0 + + + 0 +
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) // + 0 − // +
𝑇. 𝑉. ↗ 𝑀𝑎𝑥 ↘ 𝑃. 𝐴. ↗
3 (−1; 1) (0; 0)
(− ; 0)
2

𝑓(−1) = √1(−2 + 3) = 1
Etude des points critiques
9 3 3 27 9 9
3𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 3. 4 + 1 . (− 2) −
lim + 𝑓′(𝑥) = lim + = = 4 2 = 4 → 𝑇𝐷𝑆
√𝑥 2 (2𝑥 + 3) 0 0
√9 (−3 + 3)
3 3
𝑥→− 𝑥→−
2 2
4
9
lim + 𝑓′(𝑥) = 4+ = +∞ 𝑇. 𝑉.
𝑥→−
3 0
2

3𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 0
lim = →𝐹+𝑆
𝑥→0 √𝑥 2 (2𝑥 + 3) 0
3𝑥(𝑥 + 1) 3𝑥(𝑥 + 1) 3 3√3
lim+ = lim+ = = = √3
𝑥→0 |𝑥|√(2𝑥 + 3) 𝑥→0 𝑥√(2𝑥 + 3) √3 3

3𝑥(𝑥 + 1) 3𝑥(𝑥 + 1) 3 √3
lim− = lim− = . = −√3 ≈ −1,7
𝑥→0 |𝑥|√(2𝑥 + 3) 𝑥→0 −𝑥√(2𝑥 + 3) −√3 √3

→ 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑒𝑢𝑥

𝑓(𝑥) = √2𝑥|2𝑥 − 3|
3
2𝑥 − 3 𝑠𝑖 2𝑥 − 3 ≥ 0 ⇔ 𝑥 ≥
|2𝑥 − 3| = { 2
3
−2𝑥 + 3 𝑠𝑖 2𝑥 − 3 ≤ 0 ⇔ 𝑥 ≤
2
3 3
𝑆𝑖𝑥 ≥ 𝑆𝑖 𝑥 ≤
2 2
𝑓(𝑥) = √2𝑥(2𝑥 − 3) = √4𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 𝑓(𝑥) = √2𝑥(−2𝑥 + 3)
8𝑥 − 6 −8𝑥 + 6
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) =
2√2𝑥(2𝑥 − 3) 2√2𝑥(−2𝑥 + 3)
4𝑥 − 3 −4𝑥 + 3
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) =
√2𝑥(2𝑥 − 3) √2𝑥(−2𝑥 + 3)
𝑍é𝑟𝑜𝑠
3
1)4𝑥 − 3 = 0 ⇔ 𝑥 =
4
3
2)2𝑥 = 0 𝑜𝑢 2𝑥 − 3 = 0 ⇔ 𝑥 = 0 𝑜𝑢 𝑥 =
2
𝑥 0 3 3
4 2
4𝑥 − 3 0 |+ +
√2𝑥(2𝑥 − 3) 0 0 +
 −4𝑥 + 3 + + + 0 − −|
√2𝑥(−2𝑥 + 3) // 0 + + + 0
𝑓′(𝑥) // // + 0 − //|// +
𝑓(𝑥) // 𝑇𝑉 ↗ 𝑀𝑖𝑛 ↘ ↗

Etude des points critiques

4𝑥 − 3 3
lim+ 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = lim+ = → 𝑇𝐷𝑆
𝑥→
3
𝑥→
3 √2𝑥(2𝑥 − 3) 0
2 2

3
lim+ 𝑓′(𝑥) = = +∞
𝑥→
3 0+
2