Determination of surface area and volume of a cone:

h s

l B r C H

R
D E

Here, in the right triangle ∆ABC,

BC r BC r
sin θ= = ⇒ r=s sin θ and tan θ= = ⇒ r=h tan θ
AC s AB h
DE R DE R
Again, in the right triangle ∆ADE, sin θ= = and tan θ= =
AE l AD H

We know that, dV = A dh=π r 2 dh [∵ A=π r 2 ] =π (h tan θ)2 dh=π h2 tan 2 θ dh

V H H 2 H 2 H
R R
⇒∫ dV =∫ π h tan θ dh=π tan θ∫ h dh=π ( ) ∫ h dh=π 2 ∫ h dh
2 2 2 2 2 2

0 0 0 H 0 H 0

[ ]
2 3 H 2 3
V R h R H 1
⇒ [ V ] =π 2
0 ⇒ V =π 2 × ∴ V = πR2 H
H 3 0 H 3 3

We also know that, dA= p ds=2 πr ds=2πs sin θ ds [∵ r=s sin θ ]

[] []
A l l 2 l 2 l
s R s
⇒∫ dA=∫ 2 πs sin θ ds=2 π sin θ∫ s ds ⇒ [ A ] =2 π sin θ
A
0 =2 π ×
0 0 0 2 0 l 2 0
2
R l
⇒ A=2 π × × ∴ A= πRl
l 2