Democracy Perception Index 2022

Alliance of Democracies
Democracy
Perception Index 2022
The world’s largest annual study on how
people perceive democracy
State of Threats to Global Democracy

Democracy Democracy Politics under COVID
Page 7 Page 20 Page 44 Page 68
PUBLISHED BY Latana.com
Welcome
The Democracy Perception Index (DPI) is the world’s largest 52,785
annual study on how people perceive democracy, conducted respondents
by Latana in collaboration with the Alliance of Democracies.

53
The 2022 edition offers an unprecedented comparison of countries
global attitudes towards democracy since the beginning of

the COVID crisis. Results are based on nationally Spring 2022
representative interviews with over 52,785 respondents from March 30th - May 10th, 2022
53 countries conducted between March 30th and May 10th,

2022.
75%
of the global population

represented

The DPI was published ahead of the 2022 Copenhagen

Democracy Summit to support the discussion on the global
state of democracy.
Dr. Nico Jaspers
CEO at Latana
© 2022 Latana
Frederick DeVeaux
Senior Researcher
Ekaterina Golovanova
Graphic Design Lead
Angeley Mullins
Chief Marketing Officer &

Chief Growth Officer
Democracy Perception Index 2022

Table of Contents
Foreword
4
Executive Summary
5
CHAPTER I State of Democracy
Importance of Democracy
8
Democracy Today
9
Perceived Democratic Deficit

10
Desire for More Democracy

11
Government Accountability
12
State of Democracy in America

13
Free Speech
14
Fair Elections
16
Equal Rights
18
CHAPTER II Threats to Democracy
20
Threats to Democracy
21
Economic Inequality
22
Corruption
24
Global Corporations
25
Free Speech Limits

26
Unfair Elections
28
Big Tech
30
Foreign Election Interference

31
Social Media
33
Government Priorities
36
CHAPTER III Global Politics      

44
Perception of Global Powers

45
US Impact on Democracy
51
Economic Ties with Russia

54
Economic Ties with China

56
Assistance to Ukraine
59
World Challenges
61
CHAPTER IV Democracy under COVID
68
Government Response
69
COVID Restrictions
71
Methodology
73
About Latana
74
About the Alliance of Democracies

75
Questionnaire 76
Democracy Perception Index 2022

Foreword
The Democracy Perception Index 2022 was published ahead of the 2022 Copenhagen Democracy Summit to support the
discussion on the global state of democracy.
“ The Democracy Perception Index 2022 shows that more people
than ever want democracy. Putin’s invasion of Ukraine has
refocused people’s minds and shows we can’t take our freedom or
liberties for granted. People around the world are demanding
freedom of speech, fair elections, and equal rights.
“ The war in Ukraine has also reinforced the bond across the
Atlantic, with people in Europe recognising the continued value of
US global leadership. People living in democracies want to see
greater unity to push back against rising autocratic powers and
demand that their governments do more to help Ukrainians in their
fight for a democratic future.
“ In these difficult times, the Democracy Perception Index is a vital
tool to understand and strengthen democracy.
Anders Fogh Rasmussen, Chair of the Alliance of Democracies Foundation,  
former NATO Chief, and Danish Prime Minister
“ Democracy is under threat. In many countries across the world,
people feel that their governments are acting in the interest of a
small elite, and economic inequality and corruption are among the
biggest threats to democracy. If we want to ensure that democracy
and freedom thrive in the 21st century, we have to fight for it - in
Ukraine, in our own countries, and across the world. We have a lot
of work ahead of us!
Dr. Nico Jaspers, CEO at Latana
D e m o c racy P e rc e pt i o n I n d ex 2 0 2 2 Copenhagen Democracy Summit

Executive Summary
The Democracy Perception Index (DPI) aims to understand how people around the world perceive the state of democracy in their
country today and the major challenges that lie ahead. It is the largest annual study on people’s perception of democracy,
spanning 53 countries and representing over 75% of the world’s population.
State of Over 90% of people say freedom of speech, fair elections, and equal rights are important
People around the world have faith in democracy. A record number across the 53 countries say that
Democracy
democracy is important to have in their country (84%). When it comes to key components of
democracy, the results are even more clear: over 90% say freedom of speech, fair elections, and
equal rights are important to have in their country - a result that is similar in both democratic and
non-democratic countries.
41% of people feel their countries are not democratic enough 

Governments, however, are not living up to the democratic expectations of their citizens: only a little
more than half of the people that we polled are satisfied with the state of democracy in their
country. Importantly, if people are dissatisfied it is because they want more democracy, not less: as
many as 41% feel that there is not enough democracy in their country. The dissatisfaction is not
limited to non-democratic countries but is also very prevalent in the United States, Europe, and other
countries with a long democratic tradition.
Threats to Economic inequality is the number one threat to democracy
Economic inequality is perceived to be the number one threat to democracy worldwide, followed by
Democracy
corruption and the influence of global corporations. Indeed, about half of the people around the
world, in both democratic and non-democratic countries, feel that their government is acting only in
the interest of a small group of people.
When it comes to social media platforms and their impact on democracy, people are divided
On one hand, a large majority of people living in democracies outside of Europe and North America
view social media as having a positive impact. On the other hand, attitudes in many western
democracies, particularly in Europe and North America, are either mixed or negative and have
declined significantly over the past two years since 2020. In the United States, more people now say
that social media platforms have a negative impact than positive.
Global War is the number one global challenge
War and violent conflict is currently seen as the most important global challenge, followed by
Challenges
poverty and hunger, COVID, and climate change. At the national level, most people want their
governments to focus more on poverty reduction, corruption, and economic growth - and the
preferences are surprisingly similar in democratic and non-democratic countries. Despite 30% of the
world saying that climate change is one of the world’s top three biggest challenges, only 14% of
people say fighting climate change should be among the top three priorities for their government.
31 of 52 countries surveyed are in favor of cutting ties with Russia
When asked if they think their countries should cut economic ties with Russia over its invasion of
Ukraine, people in 31 out of the 52 countries surveyed are more in favor of cutting ties than against
cutting ties.
46% say that the EU, US, and Nato are doing too little to help Ukraine 
The vast majority of people around the world support assistance to Ukraine. Nearly half (46%)
globally say that the European Union, United States, and NATO are doing too little to assist Ukraine
during the Russian invasion, while 43% said that they are doing the right amount, and only 11%
said that they are doing too much.
Democracy Perception Index 2022 5

Executive Summary
Global 26 of 52 countries surveyed are in favor of cutting ties with China if it invades Taiwan
When asked about cutting economic ties with China if it were to invade Taiwan, more people say
Challenges
their country should cut ties rather than keep ties in half of the countries surveyed (26 out of 52).
These countries include many of China’s top trading partners such as the United States, Japan,
South Korea, and Germany, and collectively account for over 53% of China’s total trade, or $2.3
trillion.
Support for cutting economic ties with Russia and China, however, reveals a significant global divide
between western democracies, on one hand, particularly the United States and in Europe, where
support is quite high, and most of the rest of the world, where support is quite low.
Perception of 51 of 53 countries surveyed have a positive view of the EU
People in almost all countries surveyed have generally positive perceptions of the European Union,
Global Powers
the United Nations, and the United States, and generally negative perceptions of Russia.
When it comes to perceptions of China, however, the world is divided: on one hand, western
democracies, particularly the United States, European countries, Japan and South Korea, have
negative views of China, while the rest of the world has more mixed or positive views.
Out of the 53 countries surveyed, 51 countries have a net positive perception of the EU, 50 have a
net positive perception of the UN, 45 of the United States, 22 of China, and only 11 of Russia.
M ost countries see the US as a driver of global democracy
The United States is seen as having a positive influence on global democracy by most countries
around the world, particularly in Latin America, Asia, and several Eastern European countries such
as Poland and Ukraine.
Perceptions of US influence by people in Western European countries, however, are either mixed or
even negative. These perceptions have shifted in opposite directions over the past year: on one
hand, the more critical attitudes in Western Europe have improved significantly, while the more
positive attitudes in the rest of the world have decreased.
China and Russia have very favorable views of each other
Public attitudes between China and Russia are very favorable and reciprocal. People in both
countries have positive views of each other’s countries, and overwhelmingly prefer keeping
economic ties over cutting ties. They also both share very negative attitudes towards the United
States and are the only two countries surveyed to have generally negative perceptions of the
European Union.
Democracy 53% of respondents are still concerned about limited freedoms due to COVID, especially in the
United States
under COVID
A majority of people in most countries are now satisfied with how their governments are handling
the Covid-19 pandemic. While satisfaction has increased significantly in Europe and the United
States since the spring of 2021, it is still far lower than in most countries in Asia and Latin America.
Despite relatively high levels of satisfaction with governments’ response to COVID, the concern that
governments have limited freedoms too much during the pandemic is still high and widespread, with
a little over half of the respondents globally expressing concern (53%), especially in the United
States.
D e m o c racy P e rc e pt i o n I n d ex 2 0 2 2 6
chapter i
State of Democracy
According to Freedom House, 2022 marks the 16th consecutive year that democracy is in decline globally. This first
chapter examines how people worldwide think about the current state of democracy in their country.
8
Democracy Today
9

10

11
12

13
Free Speech
14
Fair Elections
16
Equal Rights
18

Despite the 16th consecutive year of decline in global freedom according to Freedom House, the vast majority of people worldwide
consistently say that democracy is important to have in their country (84%).
Democracy is important for people around the world

% say that it is important to have democracy in their country
importanT
In your opinion, how important is it for your country to be a democracy?
0 - not at all important; 10 - very important

0% 100%
key findings TREND
Democracy is important Global faith in democracy

Across the 53 countries surveyed in the Democracy remains high
Perception Index (DPI) study, an average of 84% of people
say that democracy is important to have in their country, Over the past four years, global faith in democracy has remained
ranging from 96% in the birthplace of democracy, Greece, to consistently high globally.
61% in Iran. This is a majority opinion in all countries.
Greece 2019
96% 79%
Global 2020
84% 78%
Iran 2021
61% 81%
2022
84%
De mocrac y P e rc e pt i o n I nde x 2022 8

Democracy Today
When asked how democratic people think their country currently is, only about half the world (56%) says that their country is
actually democratic. This is true even in democracies labeled as “free” by Freedom House, where only 59% say that their country is
democratic.
People don’t think their countries are very democratic - even in democracies
% say that their country is currently democratic
democratic
Think about your country today. How democratic do you think it is?
0 - not at all democratic; 10 - very democratic 0% 100%
key findings Most democratic

Only about half the world (56%) China*
says their country is democratic

83%
Vietnam
77%
The countries considered most democratic by their citizens are
China*, Vietnam, and Taiwan.
Taiwan
75%
Out of all countries labeled as “free” democracies by Freedom
House, Greece is considered the least democratic by its people
(44%). Least democratic
Hungary
35%
Iran
methodology
28%
How the DPI categorizes democracies:
In order to compare public opinion results between more democratic countries and less democratic Venezuela
countries, the DPI uses the 2021 categories from Freedom House to create two groups:
24%
"Free" - the most democratic countries, labeled as "Free" by Freedom House
"Less Free" - less democratic countries and non-democratic countries, labeled as either "Partially Free"
*In some countries surveyed the government plays an active role in shaping public opinion and/or has
or "Not Free" by Freedom House policies in place that restrict freedom of speech around certain topics. This can have a strong influence
on the survey results

To capture public dissatisfaction with the state of democracy, the DPI measures the difference between how important people say
democracy is and how democratic they think their country is. This difference is called the Perceived Democratic Deficit. The larger
the deficit, the more governments are failing to live up to the democratic expectations of their citizens.
Governments are not living up to the democratic expectations of their citizens

% say that democracy is important vs. % say that their country is democratic
democratic important Deficit
China
9
Switzerland
9
No country is fully living up to the

Vietnam
11
India
12
democratic expectations of its citizens -  

Norway
12
in other words, no country has a Perceived
Philippines
12
Democratic Deficit of 0.
Taiwan
14
However, some countries are much closer
Saudi Arabia
15
to fulfilling their citizens’ expectations than

Japan
16
others.
Denmark
17
Australia
17
Ukraine
17
Singapore
17
Smallest Deficit
Canada
19
China*
Sweden
20
8 3% 9 91%
United Kingdom
21
Ireland
21
Switzerland
South Korea
22
74% 9 8 3%
Portugal
22
Russia
23
Vietnam
Malaysia
23
77% 11 88 %
Germany
25
Hong Kong
25
United States
27
Largest Deficit
Argentina
27
Pakistan
28
Greece
Indonesia
28
44% 52 96%
Spain
28
Mexico
29
Turkey
Netherlands
29
37% 54 91%
Romania
30
Venezuela
Colombia
30
2 4% 55 79%
Austria
31
Belgium
32
Chile
33
Israel
34
Iran
36
Brazil
36
trend 2021 VS 2022
Italy
38
The Perceived Democratic

France
38
Peru
38
Deficit has increased
South Africa
38
significantly in France (+11),
Kenya
38
Turkey (+10), and Greece (+8)
Morocco
40
since 2021.
Thailand
40
Egypt
40
Algeria
45
Poland
46
Nigeria
51
*In authoritarian countries, positive perceptions might result from

Hungary
51
different conceptions of democracy, high levels of government

Greece
52
satisfaction, or fear of speaking out against the government.
Turkey
54
Venezuela 55
0% 25% 50% 75% 100%
In your opinion, how important is it for your country to be a democracy?

Think about your country today. How democratic do you think it is?
0 - not at all important; 10 - very important
0 - not at all democratic; 10 - very democratic

Across the 53 countries surveyed, 41% of people say there is “not enough democracy” in their country, while 47% say there is the
“right amount” and only 12% say there is “too much”.
41% of people say there is "not enough democracy" in their country

% say there is not enough", the "right amount" or "too much" democracy in their country
Not enough right amount too much

South Korea
Dissatisfaction with the level of
China
democracy is highest in Latin
Vietnam
America - and lowest in Asia

Taiwan
Philippines
The feeling that there is “not enough democracy” is
Switzerland
highest in Latin America (58%), then Europe (41%),
Japan
and lowest in Asia (29%).
Ukraine
India
Denmark
Not enough right amount too much
Norway
Global
Saudi Arabia
Singapore
Free
Australia
Less Free
Egypt
Malaysia
Asia
Germany
Europe
Russia
Latin America
Canada
Ireland
0% 25% 50% 75% 100%
Israel
Hong Kong
Portugal
Sweden
Netherlands
Morocco
trend 2021 VS 2022

Algeria
United Kingdom
The sentiment that there is  
Pakistan
“not enough democracy” has
Argentina
increased most in Greece, Turkey,

Belgium
Austria
France, Austria, and the
France
Netherlands, since 2021
Romania
United States
Spain
2021 2022 Diff
Kenya
Greece +8
Italy
Turkey +8
Chile
France +10
South Africa
Austria +8
Mexico
The Netherlands +9
Iran
Brazil
25% 50% 75%
Thailand
Colombia
Poland
Hungary
Turkey
Greece
Peru
Venezuela
Indonesia
Nigeria
0% 25% 50% 75% 100%
Which of the following statements comes closest to your view?
I think there is not enough democracy in my country
I think there is the right amount of democracy in my country
I think there is too much democracy in my country

Across the 53 countries surveyed, an average of 49% of people say that their government mainly serves the interest of a minority -
even in democracies. This sentiment is most prevalent in the Latin American countries surveyed (66%) and the US (63%) and
Europe (51%), and least prevalent in Asian countries (33%), particularly China (7%).
H alf of the world says their government only serves a minority

% say their government usually acts in the interest of a "small group of people"
“My government usually acts in the interest of…”

minority
a small group of people in my country
...
0% 100%
… most people in my countr y
key findings TREN D 2021 v s 2022

People in Latin America are most likely to o countries where the sentiment has
T p 5
say that their government serves a minority

grown most since last year
% say their government acts in the interest of... % say their government mainly acts in the interest of a small group of people
minority majority
2021 2022 Diff
Global
Argentina +9
Free
Less Free United Kingdom +13
Asia Austria +13

Europe
Latin America
Netherlands +9
US
Canada +10
China
0% 25% 50% 75% 100% 25% 50% 75%

deep dive

The past two years (2020-2022) have put democracy to the test in America. While Americans have not lost faith in the importance
of democracy, they increasingly feel that there is not enough democracy in their country and that the government mainly acts in
the interest of a small group of people.
Out of all "free" democracies surveyed in 2022, Americans are the most likely to say that they do not have free speech (32%), the
second most likely to say they don't have fair elections (31%), and the fourth most likely to say they don't have equal rights (42%).
key findings
Americans still have faith in democracy

A vast majority of Americans consistently say that it is important to have democracy in
their country.
2020
73%
2021
77%
2022
76%
However, more and more Americans say there is “not enough

democracy”
This has increased significantly from 36% in 2020 to 45% in 2021 to 47% in 2022.
2020
36%
2021
45%
2022
47%
A growing number of Americans believe that their

government mainly acts in the interest of a minority
Since 2020, the share of people in the US who say that their government mainly acts in
the interest of a minority has grown from 52% to 63%.
2020
52%
2021
59%
2022
63%
Free Speech
Most of the world (69%) thinks that it is very important for everyone in their country to be able to freely express their opinions on
social and political topics, ranging from Brazil (89%) to Russia (33%).
Freedom of speech is important for most people around the world

% say it is very important that everyone can express their opinions freely
importanT
How important is it for you that everyone in your country can freely express their opinion on political and social topics?
0% 100%
Very important / Somewhat important / Somewhat unimportant / Very unimportant / Don’t know
key findings
There are striking regional Global 69%
differences in how people Free 72%
value free speech Less Free 66%
The differences range from 83% in Latin American countries to Asia 59%
59% in Asian countries, and as low as 33% in Russia.
Europe 74%
There are only a few countries where less than half of the
Latin America 83%
population says that free speech is very important. These
countries are Russia, Singapore, Saudi Arabia, Japan, China,
Russia 33%
and Malaysia.
China 45%
Among “free” democracies, the countries where the smallest
share of people say that free speech is very important are US 73%
Japan (44%), Taiwan (54%), and South Korea (59%).
D e mocrac y P e rc e pt i o n I nde x 2022 14

Free Speech: Assessment
Around the world, nearly 1 in 5 people say that not everyone in their country is able to freely express their opinions on social or
political topics. This sentiment is just as prevalent in “free” democracies (17%), most notably in the US (32%).
18% of people around the world say that they don't have free speech in their country
% disagree* that everyone in their country is able to expres their opinions freely
Hungary
Regional Results
Iran
1 in 5 people say that not everyone in their

Nigeria
country is able to freely express their

Turkey
United States
opinions on social or political topics.
Venezuela
Russia
Global
Poland
18%
South Africa
France
Singapore
Free
17%
Spain
Brazil
Less Free
United Kingdom
19%
Italy
Belgium
Asia
Kenya
11%
Greece
Canada
Europe
Hong Kong
18%
Netherlands
Latin America
Sweden
18%
Colombia
Australia
China
China
Germany
17%
Austria
Russia
Mexico
28%
Japan
Egypt
US
Chile
32%
Ireland
Saudi Arabia
Pakistan
Malaysia
Romania
Israel
Argentina
Portugal
Peru
Indonesia
Denmark
India
Algeria
Norway
Switzerland
South Korea
Thailand
Philippines
Morocco
Taiwan
Vietnam
Ukraine
0% 25 % 50 % 75%
Think about your country today. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: “Everyone in my country can freely express their opinion on political and social topics”?
Strongly agree / Somewhat agree / Neither agree nor disagree / Somewhat disagree / Strongly disagree
*Disagree includes “Somewhat disagree” and “Strongly disagree”

Fair Elections
On average, 74% of people around the world say that it’s very important to have free and fair elections in their country. It is a
majority position in all countries except for Saudi Arabia, where only 41% agree.
Vast majority say that free and fair elections are very important
% say that it is important to have free and fair elections
importanT
How important is it for you that political leaders in your country are elected in free and fair elections?
0% 100%
key findings
There are regional differences in Global 74%
how people value fair elections Free 75%
Less Free 73%

More people were likely to say that free and fair elections are very
important in Latin America (84%) and Europe (80%) than in the
Asian countries surveyed (67%).
Asia 67%
The three countries where the smallest share of people say that Europe 77%
free and fair elections are very important are Saudi Arabia (41%),
Latin America 84%
Japan (50%), and Russia (51%).
Among “free” democracies, the countries where the smallest

share of people say that fair elections are very important are Russia 51%
Japan (50%), Taiwan (59%), and France (63%). China 54%
US 82%

Fair Elections: Assessment
As many as 19% of people globally say that political leaders in their country are not elected in free and fair elections, a sentiment
shared even by people in “free” democracies (16%), led by Italy (36%) and the US (31%).
1 in 5 people say that they don't have free and fair elections
% disagree* that politicians in their country are elected in free and fair elections
Nigeria
Regional Results
Venezuela
People say that their country does not

Hungary
have free and fair elections

Iran
Thailand
Italy
Kenya
Global
United States
19%
South Africa
Russia
Japan
Free
16%
Turkey
Romania
Less Free
Belgium
22%
Hong Kong
Greece
Asia
Colombia
15%
Pakistan
Brazil
Europe
Mexico
17%
France
Latin America
Poland
20%
Netherlands
Spain
Peru
China
Israel
5%
Saudi Arabia
Russia
Malaysia
29%
Canada
Algeria
US
United Kingdom
31%
Egypt
Ireland
India
Austria
Morocco
Singapore
Australia
Argentina
Portugal
Indonesia
South Korea
Philippines
Germany
Sweden
Taiwan
Chile
Norway
Switzerland
Ukraine
China
Vietnam
Denmark
0% 2 5% 50% 7 5%
Think about your country today. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: “Political leaders in my country are elected in free and fair elections”?

Equal Rights
Over three-quarters of people around the world say that it is very important for everyone to have equal rights in their country
(77%). This is a majority position in every country surveyed, ranging from 89% in Brazil to 52% in Japan.
Majorities in all countries say equal rights are very important

% say it is very important that everyone in their country is equal before the law and has the same basic rights
importanT
How important is it for you that everyone in your country is equal before the law and has the same basic rights?
0% 100%
key findings
Regional differences in how Global 77%
people value equal rights Free 77%

Less Free 77%
Similarly to free speech and fair elections, equal rights are most
highly valued in the Latin American populations surveyed (87%),
followed by Europe (78%) and Asia (68%).
Asia 68%
Among “free” democracies, the countries where the smallest Europe 78%
share of people say that equal rights are very important are Latin America 87%
Japan (52%), Switzerland (66%), and France (66%).
Russia 60%
China 73%
US 79%

Equal Rights: Assessment
Up to 26% of people say that not everyone in their country is equal before the law or has the same basic rights, ranging from as
high as 56% in Nigeria to as low as 4% in Vietnam.
26% of people say that not everyone has equal rights in their country
% disagree* that everyone is equal before the law and has the same basic rights in their country
Nigeria
Regional Results
Brazil
Among “free” democracies, the countries

Iran
where the most people say they don’t have

Hungar y
South Africa
equal rights are Brazil (52%), South Africa
Poland
(45%), Poland (42%), the United States
United States
(42%), and Greece (42%).
Greece
Italy
France
Global
Spain
26%
Venezuela
Russia
Free
Turkey
28%
Kenya
Belgium
Less Free
Romania
24%
Portugal
Chile
Asia
Israel
1 4%
Argentina
Pakistan
Europe
Canada
28%
United Kingdom
Latin America
South Korea
30%
Austria
Sweden
Colombia
China
Mexico
5%
Ireland
Russia
Peru
37%
Japan
Egypt
US
Australia
42%
Hong Kong
Malaysia
Germany
Algeria
Ukraine
Netherlands
Morocco
Philippines
Thailand
Denmark
Switzerland
Indonesia
Norway
India
Singapore
Saudi Arabia
Taiwan
China
Vietnam
0% 2 5% 0
5 % 75%
Think about your country today. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: “Everyone in my country is equal before the law and has the same basic rights”?

chapter iI
To better understand why democracy is in global decline, this chapter asks people from around the world what they
see as the most important threats to democracy in their country. It covers the following topics:
21
Economic Inequality
22
Corruption
24
Global Corporations
25
Free Speech Limits

26
Unfair Elections
28
Big Tech
30

31
Social Media
33
Government Priorities 36

According to Freedom House, 2022 marked the 16th consecutive year that democracy is in decline globally. This chapter aims to
shed a light on the reasons why democracy is under threat according to people from around the world.
The results show that out of all the threats listed in the DPI, economic inequality is viewed as the most significant threat among
the 43 democracies* surveyed: an average of 68% say that economic inequality threatens democracy in their country.
Economic Inequality is viewed as the biggest threat to democracy worldwide

% agree* that ______ is a threat to democracy in their country
Do you agree or disagree  
Economic Inequality 68 with the following statements?
“Democracy in my country is threatened by …”
“… economic inequality”
Corruption 66 “… the influence of Big Tech companies

(Google, Amazon, Apple, Facebook)”
“… limitations on free speech”
Global Corporations 60 “… election interference from foreign powers”
“… unfair elections and/or election fraud”
"... corruption"
Free Speech Limits 56 "... the influence of global corporations"
Strongly agree / Somewhat agree / Neither agree

nor disagree / Somewhat disagree / Strongly
disagree
Foreign Election Interference 56
*Agree includes “Strongly agree” and

Big Tech 48 “Somewhat agree”
*Democracies include countries rated as “Free”

Unfair Elections / Election Fraud 48
threat
and “Partly Free” by Freedom house. Countries
rated as “Not Free” are excluded.
0% 25% 50% 75% 100%

Economic Inequality
The vast majority of people in almost all democracies (68%) say that economic inequality is a threat to democracy in their country.
Majority of people in almost all countries say that economic inequality is a threat to democracy
% agree* that economic inequality is a threat to democracy in their country
Keny a
Regional Results
S outh Afric a
The concern with economic inequality is
B ra z l
i highest in the two African democracies
G reec e
surveyed (84%), followed by the Latin
P a k ista n
American democracies (77%) and then
P hilippine s
Asia (68%), and Europe (65%).
R omani a
I
ndi a
Highest Threat
P er u
P ortuga l
Kenya
C olombi a
84%
Argentin a
S outh Africa
C e
hil
84%
N igeria
B z ra il
I y
tal
83%
M x o
e ic
G reece
S n
pai
80%
H ungar y
P k a istan
F ranc e
79%
Uk e
rain
I
ndonesi a
I
srae l
Lowest Threat
Taiwa n
B elgiu m
S wit zerland
51%
P olan d
M alaysi a
G ermany
51%
U nited Kingdo m
H ong Kon g
Austria
I
relan d
51%
U nited S s
tate D enmar k
J n
apa
50%
N etherland s
N orway
S outh Kore a
48%
C anad a
M orocc o
S wede n
Australi a
S ingapor e
S z
wit erland
G erman y
Austri a
D k
*Democracies include countries rated as “Free” and
enmar
“Partly Free” by Freedom house. Countries rated as “Not
N orway Free” are excluded.
0 % 2 5% 5 %
0 75% 1 00 %
“Democracy in my country is threatened by economic inequality”
*Agree includes “Strongly agree” and “Somewhat agree”
TREND 2021 vs 2022
Economic Inequality
Since 2021, the perception that economic inequality threatens democracy has increased in most of the democracies surveyed. The
largest increases are in Hong Kong (+17), the United Kingdom (+9), and India (+9).
Concern with inequality has increased in almost all democracies from 2021 to 2022
% agree* that economic inequality is a threat to democracy in their country
2021 2022
Diff
Nigeria
-6
“Partly Free” by Freedom House. Countries rated as “Not

Kenya
3
Free” are excluded.
Brazil
2
Ukraine
-11
South Africa
6
Greece
2
Portugal
-1
Peru
2
Colombia
0
Pakistan
4
Romania
4
Hungary
-3
Argentina
3
Mexico
2
Philippines
7
Chile
6
Italy
5
India
9
Spain
6
Indonesia
1
France
4
Poland
-1
Israel
4
Taiwan
4
Belgium
4
Japan
0
United States
2
Malaysia
7
Canada
-1
United Kingdom
9
Ireland
7
Austria
-4
Netherlands
6
Sweden
3
Singapore
0
Australia
4
South Korea
8
Switzerland
0
Morocco
9
Germany
2
Hong Kong
17
Denmark
4
Norway 6
0% 25% 50% 75% 100%
“Democracy in my country is threatened by economic inequality”

Corruption
Behind economic inequality, corruption was the most cited threat to democracy. A large majority of people in almost all
democracies say that (66%) say that corruption is a threat to democracy in their country.
Most people view corruption as a threat to democracy in their country

% agree* that corruption threatens democracy in their country
South Afric a
Regional Results
Kenya
The concern is particularly high in the three
Nigeria
African countries surveyed (91%), and in
Peru
Latin America (80%).
Romania
Greece
Democracies*
z l
Bra i
66%
Ukraine
Colombia
Europe
61%
Pakistan
Mexico
Asia
Argentin a
63%
Spai n
Latin America
Philippines
80%
United States
Hungary
US
78%
Italy
Portugal
India
Highest Threat
Chile
South Korea
South Africa
Austri a
92%
Poland
Kenya
Israel
1
9 %
Malaysia
Nigeria
Indonesia
89%
United Kingdom
Taiwa n
Lowest Threat
France
Canada
Denmark
Ireland
34%
Japan
Singapore
Australi a
33%
Belgiu m
z
Swit erland
Netherlands
8
2 %
Morocco
Germany
Hong Kong
Swede n
Norway
z
Swit erlan d
Singapor e

Denmark Free” are excluded.
0 % 2 5% 50% 75% 1 00 %
“Democracy in my country is threatened by corruption"

Global Corporations
After economic inequality and corruption, global corporations are viewed as the third most significant threat to democracy by
people around the world.
Most people view global corporations as a threat to democracy in their country

% agree* that the influence of global corporations threatens democracy in their country
Philippines
Regional Results
Pakistan
In most democracies, a majority of people
United States
(60%) say that the influence of global
Greece
corporations threatens democracy in their
India
country.
Romania
South Africa
Highest Threat
South Korea
United Kingdom
Philippines
Ireland
77%
Peru
Pakistan
Brazil
75%
Mexico
United States
Taiwan
72%
France
Israel
Belgium
Lowest Threat
Canada
Sweden
Chile
46%
Austria
Denmark
Colombia
45%
Spain
Portugal
Norway
42%
Netherlands
Italy
Hong Kong
Indonesia
Australia
Germany
Malaysia
Switzerland
Morocco
Kenya
The United States

Ukraine
stands out as the “free” democracy

Nigeria
with the highest share of people

Argentina
who say that global corporations

Hungary
threaten their democracy (72%).

Poland
Japan
Singapore
Sweden
Denmark
Norway Free” are excluded.
0% 25 % 50 % 75% 1 00 %
“Democracy in my country is threatened by the influence of global corporations"

Free Speech Limitations
Concern that free speech limitations are threatening democracy is also widespread across the world’s democracies (56%).
56% of people living in democracies are concerned with limits on free speech
% agree* that limits on free speech threatens democracy in their country
Nigeri a
Regional Results
Brazi l
While concern with free speech limitations
P k a ista n
is lower in Europe (49%) than in the rest of
I ndi a
the world, nearly half of Europeans still say
Colomb a
i
that it threatens democracy in their
M x o
e ic
country.
S A a
outh fric
P u
er
D emocracies *
P hilippine s
56%
H ungar y
P olan d
Europe
M orocc o
49 %
R omani a
A sia
M alaysi a
6 0%
K eny a
Latin America
U nited S s
tate
66%
H ong K g
on
S pai n
US
Chil e
6 2%
Indonesi a
G reec e
S ingapor e
Highest Threat
S outh K ore a
Nigeria
F e
ranc
76%
I l
srae
A a
rgentin
Brazil
74%
Uk e
rain
U nitedK ingdo m
P k a istan
7 3%
Canad a
P ortuga l
J apa n
Lowest Threat
A ustrali a
Irelan d
S witzerland
Netherland s
3 6%
Ital y
Norway
Belgiu m
3 5%
T aiwa n
D enmar k
A ustri a
33 %
S wede n
G erman y
S witzerlan d
Norwa y
D enmar k Free” are excluded.
0 % 2 5% 5 %
0 75% 1 00 %
“Democracy in my country is threatened by limitations on free speech"
TREND 2021 vs 2022
Free Speech Limitations

From 2021 to 2022, the share of people who say that free speech limitations threaten democracy in their country has risen in
almost all democracies surveyed, particularly in Asia, Latin America, and North America.
Concern with free speech limitations has increased in almost all democracies since 2021
% agree* that limits on free speech threatens democracy in their country
2021 2022
Diff
Nigeria
0
Regional Trend
Poland
-8
Ukraine
-18
2021 2022
Diff
Pakistan
5
Hungary
0
Democracies* 3
India
6
Colombia
6
Europe 0
Brazil
11
Asia 6
Latin America 6
Philippines
3
Kenya
0
US 8
Peru
6
Mexico
8
25% 50% 75%

South Africa
7
Greece
-1
Romania
6
Argentina
-2
Chile
5
Indonesia
4
United States
8
Spain
7
Singapore
3
France
0
Malaysia
10
Morocco
14
Hong Kong
11
South Korea
4
Israel
3
Belgium
-1
Ireland
1
United Kingdom
5
Austria
-4
Canada
5
Australia
4
Netherlands
3
Portugal
7
Germany
0
Switzerland
-4
Japan
9
Italy
7
Sweden
3
Taiwan
6
Norway
2
Denmark 0 Free” are excluded.
0% 25% 50% 75% 100%
“Democracy in my country is threatened by limitations on free speech"

Unfair Elections
Across the democracies surveyed, about half of the population (51%) says that unfair elections and / or election fraud threatens
democracy in their country.
Fear of unfair elections is widespread in most democracies outside of Europe

% agree* that unfair elections and/or election fraud threaten democracy in their country
Nigeria
Regional Results
Kenya
This fear of unfair elections is much lower
Romania
in democracies in Europe (44%) than those
Colombia
in Asia (56%), Latin America (63%), or the
Pakistan
US (63%).
Philippines
South Afric a
Democracies*
Mexico
52%
Peru
Hungary
Europe
India
44%
United State s
Asia
Brazil
56%
Poland
Latin America
k
U rain e
63%
Indonesia
Malaysia
US
g
Ar entin a
63%
Hong Kong
Japan
Taiwa n
Israel
Italy
Greece
South Korea
Spai n
Chile
Morocco
United Kingdom
France
Belgium
Portugal
Canada
Ireland
Australi a
Austri a
Netherlands
g
Sin apor e
Swit erlanz d
Swede n
Germany
Norway

Denmar k Free” are excluded.
0 % 2 5% 50% 75% 1 00 %
“Democracy in my country is threatened by unfair elections and/or election fraud"

TREND 2021 vs 2022
Unfair Elections
The share of people who say that unfair elections or election fraud are threatening democracy in their country has increased in
many democracies since 2021, most dramatically in the US (+15), Morocco (+11), and the UK (+10).
Fear of unfair elections increased in many democracies since 2021

% agree* that unfair elections and/or election fraud threatens democracy in their country
2021 2022
Diff
Nigeria
2
Regional Trend
Kenya
-2
Ukraine
-18
2021 2022
Diff
Romania
3
Colombia
3
Democracies* 3
Hungary
-3
Pakistan
3
Europe 1
Philippines
3
Asia 4
Latin America 2
Mexico
3
Poland
-8
US 14
South Africa
4
Peru
4
2 5% 50% 75%
India
7
Brazil
3
Indonesia
2
Argentina
1
Malaysia
6
United States
14
Hong Kong
3
Israel
2
Greece
1
Japan
6
In the United States
Taiwan
5
the perception that unfair elections or election

South Korea
1
fraud threaten democracy has increased more

Chile
0
in the United States than in any other

Italy
6
democracy from 2021 to 2022, rising from

Spain
5
49% to a large majority (63%).
Ireland
0
France
7
Belgium
7
Australia
0
United Kingdom
8
Morocco
10
Canada
5
Portugal
8
Netherlands
3
Singapore
0
Switzerland
-4
Austria
6
Sweden
1
Germany
2
Norway
1
Denmark 2
0% 2 5% 50% 75% 100 %
“Democracy in my country is threatened by unfair elections and/or election fraud"

Big Tech
The next most-cited threat to democracy is the power of Big Tech companies. Half of the people living in democracies (48%) say
that the influence of Big Tech companies, such as Google, Amazon, Apple, and Facebook, threatens democracy in their country.
Half of the world's democracies fear the influence of Big Tech companies
% agree* that the power of big tech companies threatens democracy in their country
P hilippines
Regional Results
India
Concern about the influence of Big Tech
U nited States
companies is higher in Asian democracies
Ireland
(56%) than in European (45%) or Latin
P akistan
American (43%) democracies on average.
S outh Korea
Taiwan
D emocracies*
U nited Kingdom
48%
Hong Kong
I srael
Latin America
Australia
43%
France
Europe
Canada
45%
N etherlands
Asia
M orocco
56%
M alaysia
J apan
US
Belgium
66%
I ndonesia
Austria
M exico
Greece
Germany
Brazil
S witzerland
R omania
P ortugal
The United States

S pain
O ut of all the democracies labeled as “free”
by Freedom House, the US has the highest
Chile
share of people who fear the influence of

S outh Africa
Big Tech companies (66%).

S weden
Colombia
Italy
S ingapore
trend 202 1 VS 2022
P eru
Fear of Big Tech influence

P oland
has not increased

N orway
significantly in many
D enmark
countries since last year.

Hungary
Argentina
The only countries where it has
N igeria
increased are mainly in Asia, led by
S outh Korea (+9), Taiwan (+8), Hong
U kraine
K ong (+6), India (+5), and joined by

K enya
France (+5).
0% 2 5% 5 0% 75% 1 00 %
“Democracy in my country is threatened by the influence of Big Tech companies (Google, Amazon, Apple, Facebook)"


The least cited threat to democracy is foreign election interference. This concern is evenly balanced across most regions, but there
are some significant differences across countries ranging from Pakistan (73%) down to Belgium (38%).
48% of people living in democracies perceive the threat of foreign election interference
% agree* that their democracy is threatened by election interference from foreign powers
Pakistan
Regional Results
Romania
Fear of foreign election interference is
Philippines
higher in the US (59%) than in most of
Greece
Asia (51%), Latin America (49%), and
India
Europe (45%).
United States
Ukraine
Democracies*
Taiwan
48%
South Africa
Peru
Asia
Hungar y
51%
United Kingdom
Europe
Mexico
45%
Colombia
Latin America
Hong Kong
49%
Brazil
Kenya
US
Indonesia
59%
Netherlands
Australia
Chile
Canada
Malaysia
Poland
Italy
Israel
Nigeria
Argentina
Spain
Denmark
Ireland
Morocco
Portugal
South Korea
France
Switzerland
Japan
Belgium
Germany
Sweden
Austria
Singapore
Norway Free” are excluded.
0% 2 5% 5 0% 75% 100 %
“Democracy in my country is threatened by election interference from foreign powers"

TREND 2021 vs 2022

The share of people who say that foreign election interference by foreign powers threatens democracy in their country has
increased in almost all democracies from 2021 to 2022.
Fear of foreign election interference grows around the world

% agree* that their democracy is threatened by election interference from foreign powers
2021 2022
Diff
Pakistan
7
Regional Results
Ukraine
-8
The countries where fear of foreign election
Philippines
3
interference increased most dramatically since
Romania
11
2021 are all in Europe, led by the UK (+13).
India
6
Greece
8
Taiwan
1
Regional Trend
South Africa
2
United States
6
2021 2022
Kenya
-3
Diff
Colombia
1
Democracies* 4
Brazil
1
Peru
7
Asia 4
Nigeria
-3
Europe 5
Hungar y
6
Latin America 4
Mexico
5
Indonesia
4
US 6
Australia
4
Poland
2
2 5% 50% 75%
Hong Kong
9
Argentina
2
Chile
6
Israel
4
South Korea
0
United Kingdom
13
Canada
6
Italy
5
Morocco
2
Malaysia
7
Ireland
4
Switzerland
1
Netherlands
12
Portugal
5
Spain
9
Germany
3
Singapore
0
France
6
Sweden
3
Japan
7
Denmark
11
Austria
5
Norway
-1

Belgium 9
0% 2 5% 50% 75% 100 %
“Democracy in my country is threatened by election interference from foreign powers"

Social Media Influence
Across the democracies surveyed, more people say that social media platforms have a positive effect on democracy (55%) than
negative (29%).
Americans and Europeans are among the most critical of social media
% say social media platforms have a positive/negative impact on democracy in their country
negative positive Net
Nigeria
75
Regional Results
Peru
69
However, there are strong regional
Kenya
67
divides, and people in Europe and
India
65
the United States are far more
critical of social media’s influence

Mexico
61
than in Asia or Latin America.

Colombia
60
Philippines
58
Pakistan
57
Democracies*
Morocco
53
29 55
Indonesia
52
Malaysia
51
Latin America
Ukraine
47
17 72
Brazil
47
Asia
Argentina
47
21 66
Chile
44
Europe
Hong Kong
43
36 44
South Africa
42
Singapore
35
US
South Korea
35
52 36
Portugal
33
Taiwan
32
Poland
31
Romania
29
Spain
24
Japan
23
Italy
16
Norway
15
The United States

Greece
12
Sweden
7
More Americans say that social
Israel
7
media platforms have a negative
impact on democracy (52%) than

Switzerland
6
positive (36%), marking Americans

Ireland
4
as one of the world’s most critical

France
-2
populations towards social media.

Belgium
-3
Australia
-3
United Kingdom
-6
Hungar y
-7
Germany
-8
Denmark
-11
Canada
-11
United States
-15

Austria
-17
“Partly Free” by Freedom House. Countries rated as
“Not Free” are excluded.
Netherlands -18
1 00 % 50% 0% 50% 1 00 %
Overall, do you think that social media platforms (i.e. Facebook, Twitter) have a positive or negative impact on democracy in your country?
Very positive / Somewhat positive / Somewhat negative / Very negative / No impact / Don’t know
*Positive includes “Very positive” and “Somewhat positive”.

TREND 2021 vs 2022
Social Media Influence
As more and more people say social media platforms have a negative impact on democracy and fewer say it has a positive impact,
the overall net perception of social media platforms continues its steep negative decline in most democratic countries over the past
two years.
Opinion of social media's impact on democracy takes negative turn since 2020
net opinion of social media platforms’ impact on democracy in 2020 and 2022 (positive - negative)
2020 2022
Diff
Nigeria
1
Regional Results
Peru
-3
For many European countries, as well as the US,
Kenya
-3
this downward trend since 2020 has been so
Malaysia
-16
dramatic that it has led to a complete reversal of
Mexico
-4
attitudes: In 2020, every single democracy
Brazil
-17
surveyed had a net positive opinion of the social
Philippines
-5
media’s impact, meaning that more people said
Colombia
-2
it has a positive impact than negative. Now two
Morocco
-6
years later, nearly a quarter of democracies,
Chile
-15
mainly in Europe, have a net negative opinion of
Argentina
-12
social media’s impact, with more people saying
Portugal
-23
social media’s impact is negative than positive.
India
10
Indonesia
-3
Poland
-23
2020 202 1 2022

Diff
Singapore
-18
Ukraine
-5
Democracies* -17
Hong Kong
-8
Asia -7
Pakistan
6
Europe -25
Norway
-34
Latin America -9
Taiwan
-16
South Africa
-6
US -30
Spain
-21
South Korea
-11
- 2 5% 2 5% 75%
Romania
-16
Greece
-27
Italy
-23
Israel
-28
Ireland
-26
Switzerland
-23
Japan
-6
Australia
-29
Sweden
-18
Belgium
-28
Denmark
-35
France
-26
Netherlands
-40
Canada
-33
Austria
-35
United Kingdom
-24
Germany
-25

Hungary
-22

United States -30 Free” are excluded.
-5 0 % 0% 50% 100 %
Overall, do you think that social media platforms (i.e. Facebook, Twitter) have a positive or negative impact on democracy in your country?
*Net opinion of each year is calculated as % positive - % negative

DEEP DIVE
Threats to Democracy in America

Americans are growing more and more concerned about threats to their democracy. Since 2021, fear of unfair elections has
increased most dramatically in the US, followed by fear of limits on free speech and foreign election interference.
k ey f indin gs
Since 2021, fear of unfair elections has increased most

dramatically in the US
% agree* that ______ is a threat to democracy in their country
2021 2022 D iff
Unfair Elections / Election Fraud +14
Free Speech Limits +8
Foreign Election Interference + 6
Big Tech + 4
Economic Inequality + 2
25 % 50 % 5
7 %
Americans have grown very critical of social media

platforms’ influence on democracy
% say social media platforms have a positive/negative impact on democracy in their country
Negative POSITIVE Net
2020 36 50 14
2021 47 41 -6
2022 52 36 -15
Desire for less social media content regulation is growing in

the US
net opinion* of social media regulation
Less regulation more regulation Net
2020 14 34 14
2021 21 36 15
2022 25 30 5

In this year’s edition of the Democracy Perception Index, respondents were asked to select up to three priorities that they want
their government to focus more on. Across the world, the top priorities are: Reduce Poverty, Fight Corruption, and Promote
Economic Growth. These policies are among the top three priorities picked in almost every region of the world.
People around the world want their governments to focus on poverty reduction
% select _____ as one of the top three areas that they want their government to focus more on
Which of the following areas do you want

Reduce poverty 40 your government to focus on more?
Fight corruption 36 Select up to three
Promote economic growth 33 Improve education
Fight climate change
Promote gender equality
Improve health care 32 Promote economic growth
Reduce poverty
Improve education 31 Invest in security and defense
Improve health care
Reduce income inequality 24 Fight corruption
Reduce immigration
Invest in security and defense 16 Reduce income inequality
Other / none of the above
Fight climate change 14

Promote gender equality 10
Reduce immigration 10
Other / none of the above 3
Priority
0% 25% 50%
Majorities in all countries say poverty reduction is priority number one

the top priority selected by country
reduce poverty improve healthcare improve education f i gh t CORRU PTION F i gh t c l i mate c hang e promote economic grow th R educe i n co m e i n e q ual ity

Reduce poverty Fight corruption
More people say that reducing poverty should be one of Fighting corruption is the second most often cited priority
their government’s top three priorities than any other globally. However, it is much more of a top priority for people
policy listed. This choice is widespread in both “free” and living in the less democratic countries than for people living in
less free countries, as well as all regions around the world. Western Europe.
% select _____ as one of their top three priorities for their government to focus more on
Top 10 Top 10
Argentina
54%
Kenya
66%
Greece
52%
Indonesia
62%
France
52%
South Africa
61%
Belgium
50%
Ukraine
57%
Indonesia
49%
Philippines
56%
Russia
48%
Nigeria
51%
Iran
48%
Colombia
50%
Netherlands
48%
Peru
48%
Romania
48%
Algeria
47%
United Kingdom 47% Vietnam 46%
Global Average Global Average

Global 40% Global 36%
Bottom 10 Bottom 10
Denmark
33%
Australia
22%
Norway
31%
Norway
21%
Pakistan
30%
France
21%
Sweden
30%
Ireland
21%
Poland
29%
Switzerland
20%
Switzerland
28%
Netherlands
19%
India
28%
Germany
18%
Singapore
28%
Singapore
18%
Hong Kong
26%
Sweden
17%
South Korea 24% Denmark 15%
key findings
Poverty reduction in India Corruption in China

Despite being the home to over 270 million More people in China say that fighting corruption
people living below the poverty line, India has one should be one of their government’s top three
of the lowest shares of people who say that priorities than any of the other policy areas listed,
poverty reduction should be one of their followed immediately by reducing poverty (40%).
government’s top three priorities (28%).
Improving education is far more popular in India
(38%).
37
Promote economic growth Improve health care
Similar to fighting corruption, promoting economic growth While improving health care is equally seen as a priority in
is much more of a top priority in less democratic countries “free” democracies and less democratic countries, it is far
than it is in “free” democracies, particularly in Western more of a priority for people in European countries (39%)
Europe. than it is in Asia (26%) or Latin America (21%).
Top 10 Top 10
Venezuela
55%
Hungary
61%
Taiwan
50%
Ireland
55%
Indonesia
49%
Poland
55%
Iran
47%
Sweden
53%
Ukraine
46%
Morocco
49%
Argentina
44%
Australia
48%
Kenya
43%
Denmark
46%
Algeria
43%
Brazil
45%
Malaysia
42%
Canada
44%
Turkey 41% United Kingdom 44%

Bottom 10 Bottom 10
Morocco
24%
Peru
19%
India
23%
Argentina
17%
Netherlands
21%
Turkey
16%
France
21%
Indonesia
16%
Norway
19%
France
16%
Switzerland
18%
Thailand
15%
Austria
17%
Colombia
13%
Germany
16%
Mexico
12%
Brazil
16%
South Korea
10%
Sweden 15% Iran 6%
key findings
Iran
Promoting economic growth is one of the most These general economic issue far outweigh gender equality
popular top priorities for Iranians (47%), right (13%), security and defense (9%), climate change (6%), health
after reducing poverty (48%). care (6%) and reducing migration (4%).

Improve education Reduce income inequality
One-third of people around the world (31%) say that Much more of a priority in “free” democracies (28%) than in
improving education should be one of their government’s less democratic countries (20%), and more in Europe (29%)
top three priorities. Education is more of a priority in Latin and Asia (26%) than in Latin America (19%).
America (41%) than it is in Asia (30%) or Europe (26%).
Top 10 Top 10
Morocco
50%
South Korea
44%
Peru
50%
Taiwan
43%
Chile
46%
Japan
40%
Pakistan
45%
France
39%
Egypt
44%
Italy
38%
Colombia
44%
Singapore
38%
Philippines
41%
Turkey
37%
Brazil
41%
Belgium
35%
Argentina
40%
Austria
33%
Israel 39% Netherlands 32%
Bottom 10 Bottom 10
Japan
22%
South Africa
15%
Italy
22%
Vietnam
15%
Canada
21%
Algeria
14%
South Korea
21%
Indonesia
12%
Taiwan
21%
Philippines
12%
Poland
21%
Pakistan
11%
Kenya
19%
Kenya
10%
Singapore
18%
Peru
10%
Denmark
18%
Morocco
9%
Ukraine 16% Nigeria 6%
key findings Fight corruption

61%
Reduce poverty
46%
South Africa Promote economic growth

39%
Despite having one of the world’s highest levels of income inequality,

Improve education
33%
only 15% of people in South Africa selected “reduce income inequality” Improve health care
28%
as one of their top three priorities for their government to focus on.
Reduce income inequality
15%
Instead, South Africans are far more likely to prioritize fighting
corruption, reducing poverty, promoting economic growth, and Promote gender equality
14%
improving education and health care.

Reduce immigration
12%
Invest in security and defense

8%

7%
Invest in security and defense Fight climate change
Only 16% of people around the world, on average, choose Only 14% of people globally selected “fight climate change”
security and defense as one of their top three priorities for as one of their top three priorities for their government.
their government.
Top 10 Top 10
Nigeria
37%
Australia
36%
Ukraine
34%
Denmark
35%
Mexico
30%
Germany
35%
Israel
29%
Austria
34%
Poland
29%
Switzerland
32%
Sweden
27%
Belgium
31%
Peru
27%
Canada
29%
Russia
26%
France
29%
Argentina
26%
United Kingdom
29%
Japan 24% Norway 28%
Global Global
16% 14%
Bottom 10 Bottom 10
Pakistan
10%
Argentina
5%
Romania
10%
Egypt
5%
Morocco
10%
Russia
4%
Spain
9%
Morocco
4%
Iran
9%
Peru
3%
Algeria
9%
Indonesia
3%
Ireland
8%
Ukraine
3%
Kenya
8%
Algeria
3%
South Africa
8%
Venezuela
2%
Indonesia 4% Nigeria 1%
key findings
Nigeria Germany
More people in Nigeria say that security and 35% of Germans say that fighting climate change
defense is a top priority for their government than should be one of the top three priorities for their
any other country in the world. It is nearly as high government.This is the second highest priority in
of a priority for Nigerians as reducing poverty Germany, behind reducing poverty (43%).
(43%), promoting economic growth (38%) and

improving education (37%).

Reduce immigration Promote gender equality
While only 10% of people globally selected “reduce Only 10% of people globally select “promote gender equality”
migration” as one of their top three priorities for their as one of their top three priorities for their government.
government to focus on, it is far more of a top priority in
Europe than in the rest of the world.
T o 10 p T o 10 p
France
28%
Japan
20%
Sweden
27%
Saudi Arabia
18%
Germany
25%
India
18%
Austria
24%
Sweden
18%
Chile
21%
Switzerland
16%
Belgium
21%
Israel
15%
Netherlands
20%
China
15%
Denmark
19%
South Africa
14%
Singapore
19%
Poland
14%
United Kingdom 17% Austria 14%
Glo al verage
b A Glo al verage
b A
B ottom 10 B ottom 10
Mexico
4%
Per u
6%
Thailand
3%
Netherlands
6%
Indonesia
3%
Colombia
6%
South Korea
3%
Nigeria
5%
Pakistan
3%
Romania
5%
Philippines
2%
H ungary
5%
Vietnam
2%
Ukraine
3%
Brazil
1%
Venezuela
2%
Nigeria
1%
Russia
2%
Kenya 0% Indonesia 2%
key findings Reduce poverty

52%
France
39%

29%
Over a quarter (28%) of people in France chose “reduce immigration” as Reduce immigration
28%
one of their top three priorities, more than in any other country. Reducing Improve education
24%
migration is the fourth most selected priority in France, almost as popular

as fighting climate change, and more popular than improving education, Promote economic growth
21%
promoting economic growth, fighting corruption, investing in defense and Fight corruption
21%
security, improving healthcare, and promoting gender equality. Invest in security and defense
19%
Improve health care

16%

11%
DEEP DIVE
Climate Change
Across the 53 countries surveyed, only 14% of the people picked “Fight Climate Change” as one of their top three priorities for their
government. There are huge regional differences: in European countries surveyed, 23% of people on average select “fight climate
change” as one of their top three priorities, far more than in Asia (10%), or Latin America (6%).
Fighting climate change is a higher priority for people living in “free” democracies
% select "Fight Climate Change" as one of their top three priorities
Which of the following areas do you want
your government to focus on more?
Global
14
Select up to three
Improve education
Free
20 Fight climate change
Less Free
7 Promote economic growth
Reduce poverty
Improve health care
Europe 23 Fight corruption
Reduce immigration
Asia
10 Reduce income inequality
Latin America
6
US 21
China
10
Russia
4
0% 25% 50%

DEEP DIVE
Climate Change
In many countries in the Global South, such as Kenya, Nigeria, India, Pakistan, and the Philippines, the small share of people who
picked “Fight Climate Change” as one of their top priorities for their government corresponds very closely with their country’s
relatively lower CO2 emissions per capita.
However, even in some of the most heavily polluting countries per capita, such as Saudi Arabia, Russia, Taiwan and South Korea,
relatively few people select fighting climate change as one of their top three priorities for their government.
Which of the following areas

Fighting climate change is a priority for many people in the most
do you want your government
to focus on more?
polluting countries - except Saudi Arabia
Select up to three
Improve education
Promote economic growth
F REE Partly free NOT REE

F
Reduce poverty
2
Improve health care

0
Fight corruption
Reduce immigration
1 5
CO2 emissions per Capita 2020 (tons)
10
0% 10% 20% 30% 40%
Countries are categorized by
Freedom House as "Free",
"Partly Free" and "Not free"

chapter iII
Global Politics
To better understand why democracy is in global decline, this chapter asks people from around the world what they
see as the most important threats to democracy in their country. It covers the following topics:

45
US Impact on Democracy
51

54

56
59
World Challenges
61

Most people around the world have a net positive perception of the European Union (+32), the United Nations (+30), and the
United States (+22), meaning that more people say they have a positive perception than a negative.
When it comes to perceptions of China, however, the world is more evenly divided: slightly more people have a negative opinion
than positive opinion across the 53 countries surveyed, resulting in a net perception of -4.
Lastly, perceptions of Russia are far more negative than positive in most countries, resulting in an average net perception of -32.
Most people have positive perceptions of the EU, the UN, and the United States
net perception: % say they have a positive perception - % say they have a negative perception
32
30
22
net positive
-4
net negative
-32
EU UN USA China Russia
What is your overall perception of the European Union / the United Nations / the United States / China / Russia? 

Very positive / Somewhat positive / Neither positive nor negative / Somewhat negative / Very negative / Don’t know
*"Positive" includes "very positive" and "somewhat positive".

Perception of the European Union
The European Union is viewed positively around the world (+32), with more people saying they have a positive perception of the
EU than a negative perception in almost all countries: 51 out of the 53 countries surveyed.
The EU is viewed positively by countries all around the world - except Russia and China
net perception of the EU: % positive - % negative
net negative net positive
Ukraine
Ukrainians
Nigeria
have the most positive
Kenya
opinion of the EU
Portugal
Poland
Morocco
Romania
Vietnam
India
Ireland
Colombia
Peru
Philippines
Spain
Brazil
Pakistan
Venezuela
Mexico
Thailand
Canada
Hong Kong
Regional Results
Norway
W ithin the EU, Greece and Austria have

Egypt
the most divided opinions.
Sweden
South Korea
Only two countries have net negative
Germany
opinions of the EU: Russia and China.
South Africa
Denmark

Argentina
Hungar y
Global 32
Chile
Saudi Arabia
Free 31
Belgium
Less Free 34
Australia
Algeria
United Kingdom
Latin America 38
Taiwan
Europe 35
Malaysia
Asia 28
Switzerland
Netherlands
USA 19
Israel
China -16
France
Italy
Russia -24
Singapore
Turkey
Iran
United States
Austria
Japan
Indonesia
Greece
China
Russia
-1 00 % -5 0% 0% 5 0% 1 00 %
What is your overall perception of the European Union?

Perception of the United Nations
Similarly to the European Union, the United Nations is viewed positively around the world (+30), with more people saying they
have a positive perception of the UN than a negative perception in almost all countries: 50 out of the 53 countries surveyed.
The UN is viewed positively by almost all countries around the world

net perception of the UN: % positive - % negative
Nigeria
Kenya
Philippines
India
Vietnam
Poland
Morocco
Romania
Portugal
Brazil
Colombia
Ukraine
South Africa
Peru
Pakistan
Thailand
Regional Results
Denmark
Only three countries have net negative
Norway
opinions of the UN: Greece, Japan, and
Mexico
Russia.
Ireland
Sweden
United Kingdom
Malaysia
Global 30
South Korea
Germany
Belgium
Free 26
Venezuela
Less Free 35
Spain
Hong Kong
Latin America 33
Canada
Asia 31
Egypt
Europe 30
Hungar y
Netherlands
United States
USA 24
Australia
China 20
Saudi Arabia
Russia -14
Algeria
Indonesia
China
Switzerland
France
Singapore
Argentina
Italy
Chile
Austria
Turkey
Iran
Taiwan
Israel
Greece
Japan
Russia
-1 00 % -5 0% 0% 5 0% 1 00 %
What is your overall perception of the United Nations?

Perception of the United States
The United States is generally viewed positively around the world (+22), with more people saying they have a positive perception
of the US than a negative perception in most countries: 45 out of the 53 countries surveyed.
The United States is viewed positively in most countries around the world
net perception of the US: % positive - % negative
Poland
Nigeria
Kenya
Ukraine
Morocco
India
Vietnam
Colombia
Philippines
Romania
Brazil
South Korea
Israel
Peru
United States
Venezuela
Regional Results
South Africa
Europeans are far more divided about their
Thailand
opinion of the US than people in the rest of
Pakistan
the world.
Taiwan
Portugal
People in Turkey and Greece, both NATO
Hong Kong
members, have net negative opinions of
Mexico
the US.
Algeria
Japan
Egypt
Chile
Global 22
Argentina
Saudi Arabia
Free 20
Sweden
Spain
Less Free 24
Iran
Australia
Latin America 34
France
Asia 21
Denmark
Europe 16
Belgium
Germany
United Kingdom
USA 39
Netherlands
Russia -40
Norway
China -58
Malaysia
Ireland
Singapore
Canada
The countries with the most
Italy
overwhelmingly negative perceptions of
Hungary
the US are Russia and China.
Switzerland
Turkey
Austria
Greece
Indonesia
Russia
China
-1 00 % -5 0 % 0% 50% 1 00 %
What is your overall perception of the United States?

Perception of China
People around the world are divided about their views towards China, with slightly more people saying they have a negative
perception than a positive perception (-4). Attitudes are sharply divided between negative perceptions in Western democracies,
particularly in Europe and the United States, and more mixed or positive perceptions in the rest of the world.
The world is divided in its views toward China

net perception of the China: % positive - % negative

China
Pakistan
Russia
Nigeria
Morocco
Algeria
Kenya
Egypt
Saudi Arabia
Mexico
Ukraine
Thailand
Peru
Colombia
Malaysia
Hong Kong
Regional Results
South Africa
Besides its own population, China is most
Venezuela
popular in Russia and in Pakistan, followed
Chile
by many countries in the Middle East and
Singapore
Africa (Morocco, Nigeria, Algeria, Kenya,
Romania
Egypt, and Saudi Arabia).
Argentina
Greece
Its close neighbors, South Korea and Japan,
Philippines
have the strongest negative perceptions of
India
China out of all the countries surveyed.
Indonesia
Israel
Brazil
Turkey
Vietnam
Global -4
Poland
Hungary
Iran
Free -26
Spain
Less Free 22
Italy
Switzerland
Asia 4
France
Latin America 11
Belgium
-26
Portugal
Europe
Netherlands
Ireland
USA -42
Taiwan
Russia 65
Norway
China 90
Denmark
United Kingdom
Canada
United States
Australia
Germany
Austria
Sweden
Japan
South Korea
-100% -50% 0% 50% 100%
What is your overall perception of China?

Perception of Russia
Most countries have net negative views of Russia, meaning that more people have a negative perception of Russia than positive
ones. In only 11 out of the 53 countries surveyed do people have net positive perceptions, led by China, India, and other populous
countries in Asia and the Middle East. Collectively, however, these 11 countries represent nearly half of the world’s total population.
M ost people h va e negati v v w

e ie s of Russia
net perception of the Russia: % positive - % negative
Russia
China
India
Vietnam
Pakistan
Algeria
Indonesia
Saudi Arabia
Malaysia
Egypt
Morocco
Philippines
Thailand
Hong Kong
Nigeria
Regional Results
Mexico
Greece
People in western democracies, particularly
Turkey
in Europe and America, have the most
South Africa
negative perceptions of Russia.
Singapore
Hungary
Kenya
Peru
Israel
Global -32
Iran
Venezuela
Free -57
Colombia
Less Free -2
Argentina
Taiwan
Asia -4
Chile
Switzerland
Latin America -39

France
Europe -60
Romania
Australia
Russia 76
Italy
China 49
Belgium
USA -62
Netherlands
Norway
Brazil
United States
Germany
South Korea
Austria
Canada
United Kingdom
Japan
Spain
Sweden
Ireland
Denmark
Ukraine
Portugal
Poland
-100% -50% 0% 50% 100%
What is your overall perception of Russia?
US Impact On Democracy
Across the 53 countries surveyed, an average of 48% of people say that the United States has a positive impact on democracy
around the world, while 34% say it’s negative.
World is split about the US’s impact on democracy worldwide
net opinion* of the US's influence on democracy worldwide
Overall, do you think the United States has a positive or negative impact on democracy around the world?
-100% 100%
*Net opinion is calculated as % positive - % negative.
key findings
There are strong regional

net negative net positive Net
divides in US perception
Global 34 48 15
Free 12
35 47
On one hand, many developing countries, particularly in Less Free 32 49 18
Latin America and Eastern Europe, have overwhelmingly
27
positive assessments of the US’s impact.
Latin America 30 57
Asia 31 50 19
On the other hand, Russia, China, and Greece have the Europe 38 44 6
most negative perceptions.
And lastly, in most Western European countries, as well US 30 55 25
as Canada and Australia, opinion is very evenly divided. China 68 19 -49
73 11
Russia -62
-100% -50% 0% 50% 100%
Democracy Perception Index 2 0 22 51

TREND 2021 vs 2022
US Impact On Democracy
The perception of the US’s global influence on democracy has improved significantly among Europeans (+10) and people living in
“free” democracies (+10) from 2021 to 2022. Attitudes in the rest of the world, however, have taken the opposite turn, particularly
in Asia (-10) and in less democratic countries (-9).
Perceptions of the US’s global impact on democracy improve in Europe and worsen
elsewhere since 2021
Change in net opinion of the US’s global influence on democracy, 2021-2022
Overall, do you think the United States has a positive or negative impact on democracy around the world?
negative change positive change
-50% +50%
k ey f indin g s
From the Biden Bump to European Perception  

the Biden Divide
of the US
During Biden’s first year in office, perceptions of the US’s Attitudes towards the US's impact on global democracy have
influence on global democracy improved substantially in almost improved in almost all European countries since 2021. The only
all countries, from the spring of 2020 to the spring of 2021. Since three European countries perceptions have significantly
then, however, attitudes towards the US have begun to diverge: worsened are Hungary (-20), Greece (-18), and Italy (-8).
the critical attitudes in Europe have improved significantly, while
the generally positive attitudes in the rest of the world have
slightly declined.

TREND 2021 vs 2022
Attitudes toward Middle East & North Africa net negative net positive Diff
the US's global Morocco
Israel
-8
-23
impact on Iran
Saudi Arabia
-10
-14
democracy diverge Egypt
Algeria
-11
-8
since 2021 Turkey
Change in net opinion of the US’s global influence on

democracy, 2021-2022
Latin

America
Brazil
-4
Venezuela
-5
Regional Trend Colombia

2
Peru
8
Mexico
-5
2021 2022 Chile

7
Diff
Argentina
3
Global 1
Free 10
Asia

Less Free -9
Vietnam
-15
Philippines
-10
MENA -10
Latin 1
India
-3
America
Asia -10 Thailand
-11
Europe 13 Hong Kong

-15
Taiwan
-3
-50% 0% 50%
South Korea
9
Pakistan
-21
Indonesia
-25
Japan
-1
Malaysia
-11
Singapore
-2
China
-18
Europe

Romania
5
Poland
32
Ukraine
25
Portugal
19
Hungary
-20
Italy
-8
Spain
11
Ireland
11
Switzerland
-3
France
16
Netherlands
14
United Kingdom
17
Belgium
20
Germany
24
Greece
-17
Sweden
27
Norway
25
Denmark
27
Austria
13
Overall, do you think the United States has a positive Russia

-25
or negative impact on democracy around the world?

Australia
20
Very positive / Somewhat positive / Somewhat negative /

Very negative / No impact / Don’t know
Canada
20
United States 7
-75% 0% 75%
When asked if they think their countries should cut economic ties with Russia over its invasion of Ukraine, people in 31 out of the
52 countries surveyed are more in favour of cutting ties than keeping ties.
Western democracies want to cut economic ties with Russia

net support for keeping economic ties with Russia: % keep ties - % cut ties
cut TIES keep ties

Do you think your country should cut economic ties with Russia because of the war in Ukraine?
Yes / No / Don’t know [Question excluded in Russian questionnaire]
-100 % 100%
“Cut ties” = “Yes”, “Keep ties = “No”.
key findings
cut ties Keep ties
Support for cutting ties with Global -8
Russia divides the West from Free -25
the rest Less Free 14
Europe -31
Western Democracies, particularly Europe and the US, have
Latin America -1
far more people willing to cut ties with Russia than keep ties Asia 10
with Russia. The rest of the world however has mixed MENA 19
opinions or would rather keep ties.
US -45
China 62
-75% 0% 75%
D e mocracy P e rc e pt i o n I nde x 2 0 22 54
When asked if they think their countries should cut economic ties with Russia over its invasion of Ukraine, people in 31 out of the
52 countries surveyed are more in favour of cutting ties than keeping ties.
Western democracies want to cut economic ties with Russia

net support for keeping economic ties with Russia: % keep ties - % cut ties
CUT TIES Keep ties
China
Indonesia
Vietnam
Algeria
Greece
Hungary
Israel
Turkey
Mexico
Philippines
Kenya
Morocco
Egypt
Nigeria
Malaysia
Thailand
Hungary and Greece are the
Pakistan
only countries in Europe that
Saudi Arabia
don’t want to cut ties with
South Africa
Peru
Russia
Colombia
Singapore
Hungary
Chile
31%
Iran
Hong Kong
Greece
Argentina
34%
India
Brazil
Austria
South Korea
Romania
Italy
Venezuela
Taiwan
France
Belgium
Switzerland
Germany
Japan
Netherlands
Spain
Portugal
Canada
Norway
United States
Ireland
Australia
Sweden
United Kingdom
Denmark
Ukraine
Poland
-75% -50% -25% 0% 25% 50% 75%
Do you think your country should cut economic ties with Russia because of the war in Ukraine?
Yes / No / Don’t know [Question excluded in Russian questionnaire]

In 26 out of the 52 countries surveyed, more people say they would be in favour of their country cutting economic ties with China -
if it invaded Taiwan - than keeping ties. These countries include many of China’s top trading partners such as the United States,
Japan, South Korea, and Germany, and collectively account for over 53% of China’s total trade, or $2.3 trillion.
If China invades Taiwan, half of the world would want to cut economic ties
net support for keeping economic ties with China if it invaded Taiwan: % keep ties - % cut ties
CUT ties Keep ties

If China started a military invasion of Taiwan, do you think your country should cut economic ties with China?
Yes / No / Don’t know [Question excluded in China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong]
-100% 100%
key findings
cut ties keep ties
Support for cutting ties with Global -5
China also divides the West Free -19
from the rest

Less Free 12
On one hand, Western Democracies, particularly Europe and Europe -19

Latin America -1
the US, have far more people willing to cut ties with China 0
Asia
than keep ties.
15
MENA
On the other hand, opinion in the rest of the world is much
more mixed or in favor of keeping ties with China, particularly US -38
in most Asian countries, most non-democratic countries, and Russia 53
most of all, Russia.

-75% 0% 75%

In 26 out of the 52 countries surveyed, more people say they would be in favour of their country cutting economic ties with China -
if it invaded Taiwan - than keeping ties. These countries include many of China’s top trading partners such as the United States,
Japan, South Korea, and Germany, and collectively account for over 53% of China’s total trade, or $2.3 trillion.
If China invades Taiwan, half of the world would want to cut economic ties
net support for keeping economic ties with China if it invaded Taiwan: % keep ties - % cut ties
C U T TIES Keep ties
Russia
Greece
Indonesia
Algeria
Hungary
Israel
Pakistan
Kenya
Morocco
Mexico
Nigeria
Egypt
Turkey
Thailand
South Africa
Malaysia
Greece, Hungary, and Romania

Saudi Arabia
are the only countries in Europe
Singapore
where more people would rather
Vietnam
keep ties with China.
Romania
Peru
Greece
Colombia
30%
Philippines
Chile
Hungary
Iran
27%
Switzerland
Romania
Argentina
5%
Brazil
Belgium
Italy
Many of China's largest trading
Ukraine
Austria
partners are among the
France
countries where more people
Venezuela
would rather cut ties than keep
Germany
ties.
Netherlands
South Korea
Japan
India
Norway
-42%
Poland
Australia
Spain
-39%
Portugal
United States
Ireland
Canada
-38%
United States
South Korea
Australia
-26%
Sweden
Germany
Japan
Denmark
-24%
United Kingdom
-75% -50% -25% 0% 25% 50% 75%
If China started a military invasion of Taiwan, do you think your country should cut economic ties with China?
Yes / No / Don’t know [Question excluded in China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong]

Russia-China Relations
The results of this year’s DPI reveal that Russia-China relations are strong not only between governments, but also between
the general populations of both countries.
Both the Russians and Chinese hold very favorable views of

each other’s countries
% say they have a positive/negative perception of China/Russia
Negative POSITIVE
Russia 3 68
China 10 59
They both overwhelmingly support keeping economic ties

with each other
% say they want to keep/cut economic ties with China if it invaded Taiwan/Russia because of the war in Ukraine
cut ties keep ties
Russia 7 60
China 9 71
They both hold the world’s most negative perceptions of the

United States
% say they have a positive/negative perception of the United States
Negative POSITIVE
Russia 52 12
China 69 11
They are the only two countries to have net negative

perceptions of the European Union
% say they have a positive/negative perception of the European Union
Negative POSITIVE
Russia 40 16
China 38 21
When it comes to the United Nations, however, they have

different opinions
% say they have a positive/negative perception of the United Nations
Negative POSITIVE
Russia 30 16
China 19 40

Across the 53 countries, around half (46%) of the respondents say that the US, EU, and NATO have done too little to assist Ukraine
during the Russian invasion, while the remaining half say that they have done the right amount (43%). Only 11% say they’ve done
too much.
Half of the world says that the US, EU, and NATO have done too little to help Ukraine
% say the US, EU, and NATO have done too little, too much, or the right amount to assist Ukraine
Too lit tle right amount too much
Chile
Ukrain e
Peru
Argentin a
Israel
Poland
Venezuela
Brazil
Colombia
Mexico
Turke y
South Afric a
Australi a
Ireland
Iran
Regional Results
South Korea
Portugal
The countries that are the most likely to say that
Greece
the US, the EU, and NATO have done too little to
Singapor e
assist Ukraine during the Russian Invasion are
Swede n
Ukraine itself (66%), followed by majorities in many
Canada
countries in Latin America (62%)
Spai n
On the other hand, China is the least likely to say

United Kingdom
the same (16%), followed by several major

United State s
European countries such as Germany (32%) and

Pakistan
Norwa y
France (34%).
Taiwa n
Nigeri a
Too lit tle right amount too much
Japan
Egyp t
Global
Kenya
Denmark
Free
Morocco
Less Free
Netherland s
Hong Kong
Asia
Philippines
Europe
Italy
Latin America
Saudi Ara bia
Malaysia
China
Belgium
US
India
Romani a
0% 25% 50% 75% 100%
Swit zerland
Indonesia
Algeri a
Austri a
France
Germany
Vietnam
Thailan d
Hungary
China
0% 25% 50% 75% 100%
Do you think the US, EU, and NATO have done too little, too much, or the right amount to assist Ukraine during the Russian invasion?
Too much / The right amount / Too little [Question excluded in Russian questionnaire]
D EE P DI VE
Ukraine
Sanctions on Russia Assistance to Ukraine
When asked if they think their countries should cut The vast majority of people around the world support
economic ties with Russia over its invasion of Ukraine, assistance to Ukraine: nearly half (46%) globally say that the
people in 31 out of the 52 countries surveyed are more in European Union, United States and NATO are doing too little to
favour of cutting ties than keeping ties (-8). Countries most assist Ukraine during the Russian invasion, while 43% said
in favour of cutting ties are primarily western democracies, that they are doing the right amount, and only 11% said that
particularly Europe and the United States, along with they are doing too much.
Canada, Japan and South Korea and Japan. In the rest of
% say the US, EU, and NATO have done too little, too much, or the right amount to assist Ukraine
the world, particularly in many other countries in Asia,
North Africa and the Middle East, more people are in Global Too little right amount too much
favour of keeping ties with Russia rather than cutting ties, 46 43 11
most notably in China, Indonesia, and Vietnam, as well as

US neighbour Mexico, US ally Israel, and NATO ally Turkey.
Perception of the EU
The only two European countries where more people
would rather keep ties than cut ties are Greece and Out of all the countries surveyed, Ukraine has the most positive
Hungary.
perceptions of the European Union, with 76% holding positive

views and only 6% holding negative views.
% say they want their country to cut/keep economic ties with Russia
Global C U T TIES Keep ties Net

% say they have a positive/negative perception of the European Union
40 32 -8
Europe Global negative positive

Net
55 24 -31 16 48 32
US Ukraine
60 45 -15 6 76 70
Among the BRICS countries, India (-9) and Brazil (-10) Perception of China
have slightly more people in favour of cutting than keeping
Ukraine is the only country on the European continent where
ties, while South Africa (+7) has slightly more people in
China is viewed more favourably than unfavourably, with more
favour of keeping ties. People in China overwhelmingly
people holding a positive view of China (36%) than negative
support keeping ties over cutting ties (+62).
view (12%), while the majority hold neutral views (52%).

World Challenges
In this year’s edition of the Democracy Perception Index, respondents were asked to select up to three issues that they see as the
world’s biggest challenges right now. Across the 53 countries surveyed, more respondents selected “war and violent conflict” as
one of the world’s top three biggest challenges (50%) more than any other issue, followed by “poverty and hunger” (40%), and
“global pandemics” (33%).
War and violent conflict is viewed as the world’s top challenge

% select _____ as one of the world's top three biggest challenges right now
In your opinion, which of the following do

War and violent conflict 50 you think are the world’s top three biggest
challenges right now?
Poverty and hunger 40

Select up to three
Global pandemics (COVID) 33

Climate change
War and violent conflict
Climate change 30 Poverty and hunger
Economic inequality
Economic instability 27 Racism and discrimination against minorities
Global pandemics (COVID)
Economic inequality 22 Terrorism
Economic instability
Terrorism 20 Authoritarian governments
Migration
None of the above

Racism and discrimination 19
Authoritarian governments 14
Migration 11
None of the above 2

C HALLENGE
0% 25% 50%
Concern about war and violent conflict is widespread

the top challenge selected by country
War and violent conflict Terrorism Poverty and hunger Global pandemics (Covid) C limate change

World Challenges
War and violent conflict Poverty and hunger
Half of the people around the world (50%) say that war This is the second-highest priority for most people around the
and violent conflict is one of the world’s top three world (40%). Concern is significantly lower in Asia (30%)
challenges right now. This concern is highest in Europe than in Latin America (49%).
(58%) than in the rest of the world.
% say that ______ is one of the world's top three biggest challenges
Top 10 Top 10
Ukraine
82%
Argentina
59%
Poland
71%
South Africa
56%
Sweden
68%
Romania
55%
Japan
66%
Greece
55%
Denmark
65%
Colombia
54%
Ireland
63%
Hungary
52%
Romania
62%
Venezuela
51%
Austria
62%
Philippines
49%
Germany
59%
Brazil
49%
United Kingdom 58% Peru 48%

Bottom 10 Bottom 10
Kenya
40%
Italy
31%
Algeria
38%
Malaysia
31%
Turkey
38%
Denmark
29%
Hong Kong
37%
Singapore
28%
Malaysia
37%
China
27%
Morocco
35%
Japan
25%
Egypt
33%
Hong Kong
24%
India
33%
Taiwan
22%
Pakistan
31%
Vietnam
21%
Saudi Arabia 29% South Korea 19%
key findings
Saudi Arabia
Despite being currently engaged in a violent conflict
in Yemen, people in Saudi Arabia are the least likely
(29%) to say that war and violent conflict is one of
the world’s top three biggest challenges today.
D e mocracy P e rc e pt i o n I nde x 2022 62

World Challenges
Global pandemics (COVID) Climate change
Third most cited challenge facing the world today. Concern is 30% of people around the world say that climate change is
significantly higher in Asia (49%) than in the rest of the world, one of the world’s top challenges today. Concern about
particularly in Europe (24%), despite Asian countries having climate change is much higher in Europe (37%) than in the
some of the lowest COVID deaths per capita rates in the world. rest of the world, such as Asia (27%) and Latin America
(25%).
Top 10 Top 10
China
66%
Denmark
48%
Taiwan
62%
Austria
47%
Vietnam
60%
South Korea
47%
Philippines
57%
Switzerland
44%
South Korea
53%
Australia
43%
Thailand
52%
Italy
43%
Hong Kong
51%
Belgium
43%
Malaysia
50%
Ireland
43%
Singapore
45%
Germany
43%
Japan 42% Hungary 42%

Bottom 10 Bottom 10
Saudi Arabia
23%
Turkey
17%
Russia
23%
Saudi Arabia
17%
Belgium
22%
Malaysia
17%
Italy
21%
Indonesia
17%
Netherlands
20%
Venezuela
16%
Argentina
20%
Egypt
16%
Sweden
19%
Russia
15%
Switzerland
19%
Nigeria
13%
Denmark
16%
Algeria
12%
Norway 15% Ukraine 12%
key findings
China South Koreans

More people in China are concerned with global are among the world’s most concerned people with
pandemics than any other country surveyed climate change, with nearly half saying that climate
(66% in China vs. 33% globally). change is one of the world’s top three challenges
today. This stands in contrast to the much lower
share of South Koreans who say that fighting
climate change should be a top priority for their
government (14%).
World Challenges
Economic instability Economic inequality
Economic instability is the fifth most cited top global Around one-fifth (22%) of people say that economic
challenge. inequality is one of the world’s top three biggest challenges
today. Concern is highest in Turkey (38%), Brazil (33%), and
Argentina (32%).
Top 10 Top 10
Malaysia
41%
Turkey
38%
Indonesia
41%
Brazil
33%
Russia
39%
Argentina
32%
Romania
37%
Portugal
31%
United States
37%
Spain
31%
Kenya
35%
Greece
31%
Peru
34%
Taiwan
31%
Greece
34%
Iran
30%
Spain
32%
Italy
27%
Taiwan 32% Colombia 27%

Bottom 10 Bottom 10
Austria
21%
Malaysia
17%
Norway
21%
Poland
17%
India
21%
Israel
16%
Australia
21%
Philippines
16%
Saudi Arabia
20%
Sweden
16%
Sweden
19%
Algeria
14%
Switzerland
19%
Egypt
14%
Netherlands
18%
Nigeria
13%
Germany
18%
Saudi Arabia
11%
France 17% Morocco 11%
key findings
Russia & the US

Russians and Americans are among the most concerned with global economic instability in the world (39% and
37%, respectively). Despite inflation reaching 20-year highs in France and Germany, these two countries are
among the least likely to see global economic instability as a major world challenge.

World Challenges
Terrorism Racism and discrimination
One-fifth of people say that terrorism is a top global against minorities
challenge today. Concern is highest Israel (49%), Nigeria

(44%), Russia (40%) in Ukraine (40%). Mostly in the African continent, led by South Africa, where
38% say it’s one of the world’s top challenges.
Top 10 Top 10
Israel
49%
South Africa
38%
Nigeria
44%
Nigeria
35%
Russia
40%
Indonesia
31%
Ukraine
39%
Kenya
29%
Egypt
28%
Algeria
28%
Pakistan
28%
Saudi Arabia
25%
France
27%
United States
24%
India
26%
South Korea
24%
Poland
25%
Brazil
24%
Sweden 24% Malaysia 22%

Bottom 10 Bottom 10
Argentina
13%
Hong Kong
14%
Greece
13%
Venezuela
14%
Brazil
12%
Russia
13%
Vietnam
12%
Poland
13%
South Korea
12%
Turkey
13%
Malaysia
12%
Ukraine
12%
Mexico
11%
Romania
12%
Venezuela
11%
Greece
11%
Peru
11%
Spain
10%
South Africa 9% Hungary 10%
key findings
US US
20 years after the US launched a global war on Nearly one quarter (24%) of Americans say that
terror, only around 21% of Americans say that racism and discrimination is one of the world’s top
terrorism is one of the world’s top three major three global challenges today, slightly above the
challenges today, ranking behind most other global average (19%).
perceived global challenges.

World Challenges
Authoritarian governments Migration
Only 14% of people around the world say that Migration is less likely to be perceived as one of the world’s
authoritarian governments are one of the world’s top three top major challenges than any other issue listed in the survey,
biggest challenges today. This sentiment is no different with only 11% of people around the world saying that
between “free” democracies and less free countries.
migration is one of the globe’s top three challenges today.
Top 10 Top 10
United States
23%
Chile
27%
Canada
22%
Italy
22%
Japan
22%
France
21%
Hungary
21%
Austria
21%
Venezuela
21%
Venezuela
20%
Iran
20%
Sweden
19%
Ukraine
20%
Belgium
19%
Poland
18%
Germany
18%
Australia
18%
Greece
18%
Greece 18% Hungary 17%

Bottom 10 Bottom 10
Morocco
10%
Thailand
5%
Vietnam
9%
Kenya
4%
South Africa
9%
Pakistan
4%
Philippines
9%
Iran
3%
South Korea
9%
Nigeria
3%
Nigeria
8%
China
3%
Romania
8%
Taiwan
2%
Italy
7%
Indonesia
2%
Pakistan
7%
Philippines
2%
Kenya 5% South Korea 1%
key findings
People living in the US, Canada, and Japan Europe

are more likely to be concerned with the
Concern is highest mainly in European countries
global challenge posed by authoritarian
and is particularly low in almost all Asian countries.
governments than any other country

surveyed. Even for these countries, however,
this particular issue ranks relatively low on the
list of top challenges.

Prioritizing Climate Change
While climate change is viewed as one of the world’s top three biggest challenges by 30% of the world’s population, only 14% say
that it should be a top priority for their government. People in western democracies, particularly in Europe, are the most likely to
both perceive climate change as a major global challenge and as a top priority for their government.
Many people think climate change is one of the world's top challenges. But far fewer say it
should be a top priority for their government.
% say climate change is one of the world's top three biggest challenges vs. % say fighting climate change should be one of their government's top three priorities
government priority world challenge D iff
D enmar k
1 2
Regional Results
Austri a
1 3
South K a
ore 3 3
z d
2
Global 14% 30%
Swit erlan 1
Australi a
8
German y
7
F 5
B m
2
ree 20% 3 %
elgiu 1
I d
relan 1 6
L F
ess ree 7% 23%
I y
tal 22
United K m
ingdo 1 3
H y
ungar 3 1
Europe 23% 37%
F e
ranc 1 1
n
7
Asia 10% 27%
Swede 1
Singapor e
1 4
Latin America 6% 2 5 %
C a
anad 9
MN
N y
9
E A 7% 20%
orwa
C e
hil 27
N etherland s
1 0
n
20
USA 21% 26%
Spai
V m
ietna 21
C hina 10% 22%
Polan d
1 3
R 5
I l
9
ussia 4% 1 %
srae 1
T n
aiwa 22
Portuga l
1 5
K a
eny 24
H K g
ong on 1 3
M x o
e ic 1 8
Argentin a
23
R a
omani 1 9
Philippine s
1 9
United State s
5
Greec e
1 6
Pakista n
1 8
South Afric a
1 7
C olombi a
1 8
T d
hailan 1 8
I n
ra 1 6
C a
hin 1 2
I a
ndi 1 2
Peru
1 7
J n
apa 1 1
M o
orocc 1 6
B z l
ra i 1 1
Saudi Arabi a
7
T y
urke 1 1
M a
alaysi 1 1
I
ndonesi a
1 3
Egyp t
1 2
V z a
ene uel 1 4
R a
ussi 1 1
N a
igeri 1 2
Ukrain e
9
Algeria 10
0% 2 5% 5%0
In your opinion, which of the following do you think are the world’s top Which of the following areas do you want your government to focus
three biggest challenges right now?

on more?
Climate change / War and violent conflict / Poverty and hunger etc
Fight climate change / Improve education / Promote gender equality etc
chapter iV
Democracy under COVID

The results of this year’s Democracy Perception Index (DPI) offer an unprecedented comparison of attitudes around
the world during the COVID pandemic. If COVID is a test for democracies, then the findings in this chapter show
that democracies are failing in the eyes of their citizens.
Government Response
69
COVID Restrictions
71

Government Response
Across all 53 countries surveyed, an average of 68% say that their country is responding well, ranging from 94% in China to 38%
in Austria. People in Europe are generally the least satisfied with their government’s response (59%).
Most people are satisfied with their government’s response to Covid - except Europeans
% say that their country is responding well to the COVID 19 crisis
How well do you think your country is responding to the coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis?
Responding Well
Very well / Somewhat well / Somewhat poorly / Very poorly / Don’t know
0% 100%
*Well includes “Very well” and “Somewhat well”
key findings
Global
Average satisfaction is much higher in Asia (74%) and Latin America (73%) than 68%
Europe (59%),.
People living in "free" democracies are also generally less satisfied with their country’s Free
63%
response, with only 63% saying their country is responding well.
Less Free
74%
Most satisfied Least satisfied

Europe
China France 60%
94% 47% Latin America
Vietnam Germany 73%
91% 46% Asia
Pakistan Romania 74%
88% 46%
India Greece USA
87% 44% 57%
Singapore Austria China
84% 39% 94%

TREND 2021 vs 2022
Government Response
Since 2021, people in almost all countries have grown much more satisfied with their government’s response to COVID, rising from
58% in 2021 to 68% in 2022. Satisfaction increased most significantly in Latin America, where it increased from 45% to 73% in just
one year, followed by Europe where it increased from 45% to 59%.
People are increasingly satisfied with their country's response to COVID since 2021
% say their country is responding well to the COVID-19 crisis in 2021 and 2022
2021 2022
Diff
Vietnam
-6
Regional Trend
China
1
Singapore
-2
Satisfaction increases around the world

Saudi Arabia
-3
Taiwan
-19
Australia
-13
2021 2022
Diff
Morocco
1
Pakistan
7
Global 11
Malaysia
-10
Denmark
4
Free 13
India
9
Less Free 8
South Korea
-9
Algeria
-4
Latin America 31
Norway
7
Europe 15
Thailand
-24
Egypt
Asia -1
8
Kenya
14
Russia
USA 8
11
South Africa
11
China 1
Hong Kong
-6
Indonesia
12
0% 50% 100%
Canada
2
Philippines
19
Portugal
25
Switzerland
15
Turkey
10
Israel
14
Colombia
25
Nigeria
16
Ireland
21
United Kingdom
7
Venezuela
20
Chile
30
Greece
-6
Argentina
18
Iran
6
United States
8
Germany
-2
Netherlands
6
Austria
-7
Japan
14
Mexico
30
Sweden
23
Spain
23
Hungary
14
Belgium
20
Ukraine
43
Romania
15
Italy
28
How well do you think your country is responding to the
France
19
coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis?
Poland
21
Very well / Somewhat well / Somewhat poorly / Very poorly /
Don’t know
Peru
47
Brazil 47 *Well includes “Very well” and “Somewhat well”
0% 25% 50% 75% 100%

COVID Restrictions
Slightly more than half of the people around the world (54%) say their government has done too much to limit basic freedoms
during the COVID crisis. While this concern is higher in less democratic countries (57%), it is still as high as 50% in “free”
democracies.
Majority of people say their country has limited freedoms too much during COVID
% agree that their government has gone too far in limiting people's freedoms during COVID
disagree agree Net
India
66
Perception of violated freedoms  
Pakistan
59
is most prevalent in less
Philippines
58
democratic countries
Argentina
54
South Africa
51
Net
Peru
54
Global 24 54 29
Kenya
49
Greece
54
Morocco
55
Free 28 50 23
Nigeria
45
Malaysia
52
Less Free 20 57 37
Saudi Arabia
53
Egypt
53
Europe 29 20
Hong Kong
47
49
Chile
41
Asia 23 54 30
Colombia
48
Turkey
36
Latin America 20 60 40
Romania
44
Austria
33
Algeria
47
China 53 28 -25
Thailand
38
USA 28 51 23
Ukraine
37
Israel
35
Venezuela
34
Mexico
33
Spain
29
Indonesia
33
Netherlands
29
South Korea
27
United States
23
Poland
20
Belgium
25
France
22
Germany
18
Brazil
14
Portugal
18
Hungary
10
Switzerland
19
Denmark
13
Russia
17
Singapore
17
Canada
9
Australia
11
Ireland
7
Norway
12
Iran
20
Vietnam
13
Italy
4
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:
United Kingdom
2
“My government has done too much to limit people’s
Japan
14
freedoms during the coronavirus crisis”
Taiwan
-5
Strongly agree / Somewhat agree / Neither agree nor disagree /
Sweden
-15
Somewhat disagree / Strongly disagree
China -25 *Agree includes “Strongly agree” and “Somewhat agree”
100% 50% 0% 50% 100%

TREND 2021 vs 2022
COVID Restrictions
While the perception that governments have done too much to limit freedoms during COVID has decreased in many countries since
2021, it has increased most notably in a handful of democracies.
Concern about limited freedoms during COVID grows in several countries since 2021
% agree that their government has gone too far in limiting people's freedoms during COVID in 2021 and 2022
2021 2022
Diff
Turkey
6
“My government has done too much to limit people’s freedoms
Spain
7
during the coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis”
South Korea
8
Strongly agree / Somewhat agree / Neither agree nor disagree /
United States
8
Somewhat disagree / Strongly disagree
Canada
9
Norway
8
Australia
10
Brazil
17
Japan
13
Sweden 10
0% 25% 50% 75% 100%
k ey f indin g s
disagree agree
Americans have grown

more and more concerned 2020 41 34
about limited freedoms 2021 34 43
during COVID 2022 28 51

% agree that their government has gone too far in limiting
people's freedoms during COVID
-75% 0% 75%

Methodology
Overview
This report presents an overview of a study conducted by Latana and the Alliance of Democracies in the spring of 2022, between
March 30th and May 10th. The sample of n=52,785 online-connected respondents was drawn across 53 countries, with an
average sample size of around 1,000 respondents per country. Nationally representative results were calculated based on the
official distribution of age, gender, and education for each country’s population, sourced from the most recent and available data
from Barro Lee & UNStat, and census.gov. The average margin of error across all countries sampled is (+/-) 3.2 percentage points.
How the DPI Categorizes Democracies
In order to compare public opinion results between more democratic countries and less democratic countries, the DPI uses the
2022 categories from Freedom House to create two groups:
"Free" - the most democratic countries, labeled as "Free" by Freedom House.
"Less Free" - countries labeled as "Partly Free" or "Not Free" by Freedom House.
Free Speech
In some countries surveyed, the government plays an active role in shaping public opinion and/or has policies in place that restrict
freedom of speech around certain topics. This can have a strong influence on the survey results.
Summary Tables
Here are the full summary tables of the results used in this report: (DPI 2022 - Topline Results)
Data Collection
Latana’s surveys are conducted online through internet-connected devices, such as smartphones, tablets, and computers. Latana
follows an open recruitment approach that leverages the reach of over 40,000 third-party apps and mobile websites. To ensure
coverage across different demographic groups and geographical regions, Latana targets a highly diverse set of apps and websites
– from news to shopping, to sports and games. As a result, Latana generates up to 21 million answers every month from
respondents living in as many as 100 different countries.
Data Privacy and Anonymity
Once a user opts in to complete a survey, Latana informs the respondent about the nature of the questionnaire and explains that
all answers – including the generic demographics that are part of the targeting and quality assurance process – are recorded
anonymously. To ensure respondent privacy and high-quality response data, Latana does not collect any personally identifiable
information (PII) on users. In contrast to surveys conducted face-to-face or by telephone, the anonymity offered by Latana’s
methodology may help reduce response bias, interviewer bias, and respondent self-censorship.
For more information, please contact:
Frederick DeVeaux
Senior Researcher at Latana
frederick.deveaux@latana.com

About latana
Latana
Our vision is to lead the development of a new
generation of research technologies that enable us to
better understand the needs, desires, and preferences
of people around the world.
Latana is an AI-Powered brand tracking solution that leverages key insights to help companies track their brand and  
campaign performance. An international market leader in brand tracking services, Latana also uses its technology to  
understand the underlying forces behind the opinions of people worldwide.
We are proud to pioneer advanced machine learning technology that has access to billions of consumers around the globe.  
This enables us to quickly understand consumer perception, and thus predict consumer behavior - the cornerstone of brand value.
We have devised Brand Analytics, a new insights category nobody has built before. This innovative data solution can be utilized
by all companies, large or small, to measure brand health and make better marketing decisions.
     
Contact Us
For General Inquiries: hello@latana.com
For Sales: sales@latana.com
For PR/Partnerships: marketing@latana.com
latana.com

About The Alliance of Democracies
The Alliance of Democracies

Foundation
Alliance of Democracies' vision is to become the

world’s leading “megaphone” for the cause of
democracy.
The Alliance of Democracies Foundation
The Alliance of Democracies Foundation is a non-profit organization founded in 2017 by Anders Fogh Rasmussen. The
Foundation is dedicated to the advancement of democracy and free markets across the globe and runs three core programs:
the Copenhagen Democracy Summit, the Expeditionary Economics Program, and the Campaign for Democracy.
The Copenhagen Democracy Summit 
The Copenhagen Democracy Summit is an annual conference bringing together political and business leaders, including current
and former heads of government, from the world’s democracies. The goal of the Summit is to be the top international forum for
analysis of the security and economic challenges facing the democratic world as well as a forum for analysis of the interplay
between technology and democratic norms.
Alliance of Democracies Copenhagen Democracy Summit
Contact Us
General Inquiries: info@allianceofdemocracies.org

With a special sponsorship
Press Inquiries: media@allianceofdemocracies.org
from the University of Denver

www.allianceofdemocracies.org
    

Questionnaire
Q1
Q7
In your opinion, how important is it for your country to Think about your country today. Do you agree or
be a democracy?
disagree with the following statement: “Political leaders
Slider: 0 - not at all important; 10 - very important
in my country are elected in free and fair elections”?
Strongly agree
Q2
Somewhat agree
Think about your country today.

Neither agree nor disagree
How democratic do you think it is?

Somewhat disagree
Slider: 0 - not at all democratic; 10 - very democratic
Strongly disagree
Q3
Q8
Which of the following statements comes closest to your How important is it for you that everyone in your country
view?
is equal before the law and has the same basic rights?
I think there is not enough democracy in my country

Very important
I think there is the right amount of democracy in my country

Somewhat important
I think there is too much democracy in my country
Somewhat unimportant
Very unimportant
Q4
Don’t know
How important is it for you that everyone in your country

can freely express their opinion on political and social Q9
topics?
Think about your country today. Do you agree or
Very important
disagree with the following statement: “Everyone in my
Somewhat important
country is equal before the law and has the same basic
rights”
Very unimportant
Strongly agree
Don’t know
Somewhat agree
Q5
Somewhat disagree
Think about your country today. Do you agree or Strongly disagree
disagree with the following statement: “Everyone in my

country can freely express their opinion on political and Q10
social topics”?
# Which of the following statements comes closest to
Strongly agree
your view?
Somewhat agree
“My government usually acts in the interest of…”

… most people in my country
Somewhat disagree
... a small group of people in my country
Strongly disagree
Q11
Q6
Which of the following areas do you want your
How important is it for you that political leaders in your government to focus on more?
country are elected in free and fair elections?

Select up to three
Very important
Improve education
Somewhat important
Very unimportant
Promote economic growth
Don’t know
Reduce poverty
Improve health care
Fight corruption
Reduce immigration

Questionnaire
# Do you agree or disagree with the following statements?
Q18
# “Democracy in my country is threatened by …”
“... the influence of global corporations”
Strongly agree
Q12
Somewhat agree
“… economic inequality”
Strongly agree
Somewhat disagree
Somewhat agree
Strongly disagree
Somewhat disagree
Q19
Strongly disagree
Overall, do you think that social media platforms (i.e.
Facebook, Twitter) have a positive or negative impact

Q13
on democracy in your country?
“… the influence of Big Tech companies (Google,

Very positive
Amazon, Apple, Facebook)”

Somewhat positive
Strongly agree
Somewhat negative
Somewhat agree
Very negative

No impact
Somewhat disagree
Don’t know
Strongly disagree
[In the Chinese questionnaire “Facebook, Twitter” are replaced with “Qzone, WeChat”]
[In the Chinese questionnaire company names are replaced with “Alibaba, Tencent, Baidu, Meituan”]
Q20
Q14
In general, do you think there should be more or less
“… limitations on free speech”

regulation on content that people share on social media
Strongly agree
platforms?
Somewhat agree
More regulation

Neither more nor less
Somewhat disagree
Less regulation
Strongly disagree
Don’t know
Q15
Q21
“… election interference from foreign powers”

How well do you think your country is responding to the
Strongly agree
coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis?
Somewhat agree
Very well

Somewhat well
Somewhat disagree
Somewhat poorly
Strongly disagree
Very poorly
Don’t know
Q16
“… unfair elections and/or election fraud”

Q22
Strongly agree
Somewhat agree
“My government has done too much to limit people’s
freedoms during the coronavirus crisis”
Somewhat disagree
Strongly agree
Strongly disagree
Somewhat agree
Q17
Somewhat disagree
“... corruption”
Strongly disagree
Strongly agree
Somewhat agree
Somewhat disagree
Strongly disagree

Questionnaire
Q23
Q28
What is your overall perception of the United States?

Overall, do you think the United States has a positive or
Very positive
negative impact on democracy around the world?
Somewhat positive
Very positive
Neither positive nor negative

Somewhat positive
Somewhat negative
Somewhat negative
Very negative
Very negative
Don’t know
No impact
Don’t know
Q24
What is your overall perception of Russia?

Q29
Very positive
In your opinion, which of the following do you think are
Somewhat positive
the world’s top three biggest challenges right now?

Select up to three
Somewhat negative
Climate change
Very negative
War and violent conflict
Don’t know
Poverty and hunger
Economic inequality
Q25
Racism and discrimination against minorities
What is your overall perception of China?

Global pandemics (Covid)
Very positive
Terrorism
Somewhat positive
Economic instability

Authoritarian governments
Somewhat negative
Migration
Very negative
None of the above
Don’t know
Q30
Q26
Do you think the US, EU, and NATO have done too little,
What is your overall perception of the European Union?
too much or the right amount to assist Ukraine during
Very positive
the Russian invasion?
Somewhat positive
Too much

The right amount
Somewhat negative
Too little
Very negative
[Question excluded in Russian questionnaire]
Don’t know
Q31
Q27
Do you think your country should cut economic ties with
What is your overall perception of the United Nations?
Russia because of the war in Ukraine?
Very positive
Yes
Somewhat positive
No

Don’t know
Somewhat negative
[Question excluded in Russian questionnaire]
Very negative
Don’t know
Q32
If China started a military invasion of Taiwan, do you

think your country should cut economic ties with China?
Yes
No
Don’t know
[Question excluded in China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong]

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Alliance of Democracies

State of Threats to Global Democracy

The Democracy Perception Index (DPI) is the world’s largest 52,785

annual study on how people perceive democracy, conducted respondents

by Latana in collaboration with the Alliance of Democracies.

The 2022 edition offers an unprecedented comparison of countries

global attitudes towards democracy since the beginning of

53 countries conducted between March 30th and May 10th,

of the global population

The DPI was published ahead of the 2022 Copenhagen

Dr. Nico Jaspers

Graphic Design Lead

Chief Marketing Officer &

Democracy Perception Index 2022

CHAPTER I State of Democracy

Perceived Democratic Deficit

Desire for More Democracy

State of Democracy in America

CHAPTER II Threats to Democracy

Free Speech Limits

Foreign Election Interference

CHAPTER III Global Politics

Perception of Global Powers

Economic Ties with Russia

Economic Ties with China

CHAPTER IV Democracy under COVID

About the Alliance of Democracies

Democracy Perception Index 2022

discussion on the global state of democracy.

“ The Democracy Perception Index 2022 shows that more people

than ever want democracy. Putin’s invasion of Ukraine has

refocused people’s minds and shows we can’t take our freedom or

liberties for granted. People around the world are demanding

freedom of speech, fair elections, and equal rights.

Atlantic, with people in Europe recognising the continued value of

US global leadership. People living in democracies want to see

greater unity to push back against rising autocratic powers and

demand that their governments do more to help Ukrainians in their

fight for a democratic future.

“ In these difficult times, the Democracy Perception Index is a vital

tool to understand and strengthen democracy.

Anders Fogh Rasmussen, Chair of the Alliance of Democracies Foundation,

former NATO Chief, and Danish Prime Minister

“ Democracy is under threat. In many countries across the world,

people feel that their governments are acting in the interest of a

biggest threats to democracy. If we want to ensure that democracy

and freedom thrive in the 21st century, we have to fight for it - in

of work ahead of us!

Dr. Nico Jaspers, CEO at Latana

D e m o c racy P e rc e pt i o n I n d ex 2 0 2 2 Copenhagen Democracy Summit

41% of people feel their countries are not democratic enough

Threats to Economic inequality is the number one threat to democracy

Global War is the number one global challenge

31 of 52 countries surveyed are in favor of cutting ties with Russia

Democracy Perception Index 2022 5

Perception of 51 of 53 countries surveyed have a positive view of the EU

M ost countries see the US as a driver of global democracy

China and Russia have very favorable views of each other

CHAPTER III Global Politics      

Anders Fogh Rasmussen, Chair of the Alliance of Democracies Foundation,  

41% of people feel their countries are not democratic enough 

democratic expectations of its citizens -  