READING COMPROBATION 3

Romanticism main characteristics

Characteristic Description

The self is considered the center of creation and the ultimate goal is to achieve
Individualism knowledge of oneself

Emotion Emotions and feelings, passion, and imagination take precedence over reason

Rejection of The tradition of classical and academic rules is broken, and the ideas of order and
Neoclassicism reason above all are rejected

The virtues, history, and identities of countries, as well as their heroes and
Nationalism achievements, are emphasized

Freedom beyond Humanity searches for freedom beyond the limits of reason, displaying nostalgia,
reason melancholy, and passion

Artists admire the past, history, and myth, including the Middle Ages and Eastern
Admiration of the past cultures such as Egypt and India
Romanticism characters

Painting Literature Sculpture

George Stubbs Víctor Hugo François Rude

William Blake William Blake Antoine-Louis Barye

John Martin José de Espronceda David d'Angers

Francisco Goya Mary Shelley Antoine-Augustin Préault

Sir Thomas Lawrence Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer

John Constable Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

Eugene Delacroix Lord Byron

Sir Edwin Landseer Charlotte Brontë

Caspar David Friedrich Emily Brontë

J. M. W. Turner Alexandre Dumas

William Bouguereau Oscar Wilde

Edgar Allan Poe

Charles Dickens
 Work Author Description

Johann A story about a man who is tempted by the devil to give up his soul in
Wolfgang exchange for youth, and goes on an adventure to uncover the secrets of
Faust Goethe nature, the universe, and the divine.

A French novel about Jean Valjean, who is imprisoned for stealing a loaf of
Les bread, and his pursuit by a relentless policeman named Javert. The novel
Misérables Victor Hugo explores themes of justice, kindness, and crime.

Rhymes Gustavo Adolfo A collection of 76 short poems about poetry, love, women, and feelings,
(Rimas) Bécquer including the famous "Rhyme XXI" that describes what poetry is.

A novel about a scientist who creates a hideous creature that seeks

revenge through murder and terror. Considered the first terror and science
Frankenstein Mary Shelley fiction novel.

realism
Realism Main characteristics

It was against the Romanticism movement. It tries to solve It stays away from anything related to feelings, emotions
the problems in a practical and objective way, despising the and spirit. If a feeling is shown, is to analyze it rather than
subjectivity that had prevailed. to be felt.

As for the story, the main features are the local

It becomes impersonal: there is no longer the “I” that environment, the description of events and
appears in Romanticism, everything is objective. contemporary customs, the detailed description.

Real display of the problems that afflict man, especially

Everyday life becomes an important issue. the political and social ones.

Realism characters

Painting Literature Sculpture

Gustave Courbet Gustave Flaubert Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux
Jean-François Millet Henrik Ibsen Honoré Daumier
Honore Daumier Ignacio Manuel Altamirano Jules Dalou
Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot Benito Pérez Galdós Albert Bartholome
J A MacNeil Whistler Henry James Vincenzo Vela
John Singer Sargent Guy de Maupassant Medardo Rosso
Théodore Rousseau Marie-Henri Beyle Stendhal Constantin Meunier
Rosa Bonheur Fiodor Dostoievski
Nathaniel Hone the Younger León Tolstói

Naturalism characteristics
Naturalism main characteristics

A derivation of realism. For some authors it’s exaggerated realism

Life is conceived as deterministic, since there are many things that make man behave in a certain way
(sexual instincts, possession and power). Being this way, man cannot do anything.

Pessimism regarding the fate of man in society.

The narrative techniques become objective and based on observation, documentation and testing.

The descriptions of the settings and characters are very detailed.

Although the novels are very long, the action that happens is very little and simple; which can seem not
very attractive to contemporary readers.

It uses scientific lexicon.