Transmission Line Arresters

How it works

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 A system less likely to
experience a backflash
and a momentary
outage is where
transmission line
arresters are
strategically installed

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 One Arrester Configuration
The location of arresters is
determined by the desired
backflash rate.

Tower configuration (height,

spacing, shield angle etc.)
Insulator CFO
Ground Resistance
Ground Flash Density
are the important
characteristics that determine
the proper locations.
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 Three Arrester Configuration

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 System
voltage is
normal

In this example, one

arrester is connected to the
top phase.
Just prior to the strike, the
system operates precisely
as a system without
arresters. 5 of 36
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 Note the
system
remains
undisturbed
Upon direct strikes,
before the surge voltage
can reach the CFO of the
insulator, the arrester
turns on and routes the
surge onto the phase
without a flashover.

The 80 20 rule applies in

most cases 6 of 36
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 The system
returns to
normal

After the surge event is

over, the system returns
to normal and no outage
is experienced.

The connected load will

not be aware that the
system was struck.
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If an arrester
experiences a surge
higher than it is capable
of handling without
failure, and it is
equipped with an
isolating device, it will
disconnect during the 8 of 36
event
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 After the surge is over,
and fault current starts to
flow, the disconnector
senses the fault and
ignites the powder built
into the device.

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 The disconnecting
device is not an
interrupter so during this
rare event, an
interrupting device must
clear the circuit.

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 After the surge event is
over, the system returns
to normal but in this case
an outage has occurred.

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However it is a rare event
when a heavy duty
arrester sees an impulse
overload and the system
will in all likelihood not
experience an outage
The connected load will
not be aware that the 12 of 36
system
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 After the impulse, the
system will be ready for
the next one.

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