t b 
b k 
k r 
r o 
o 
g o 
o  kk  t 
t k k i 
i e 
e 

GELCK]B AKC
AK CG
Gcghgetdry \ir`jii` @g
@gy
y Jii`cgt

Mbrkstked Cdtbdh-@igekl
Mckvg Ixgeoge
^duc ]gcklsie
wktb Fdeg Buosie


 GA=g GCGH \J @gy Jii`cgt.keoo 4 :?/>7/:>4: >;677


Lrgdt Mcdrgeoie ]trggt, Ixairo,    , Wektgo @keloih
Ixairo Wekvgrskty ^rgss ks d ogpdrthget ia tbg Wekvgrskty ia Ixairo.
Kt aurtbgrs tbg Wekvgrskty‛s ijfgmtkvg
ijfgmtkvg ia gxmgccgemg ke rgsgdrmb, smbicdrsbkp,
deo goumdtkie jy pujcksbkel wircowkog. Ixairo ks d rglkstgrgo trdog
hdr` ia Ixairo Wekvgrskty ^rgss ke tbg W@ deo ke mgrtdke itbgr miuetrkgs

© Ixairo Wekvgrskty ^rgss 

_bg hirdc rklbts ia tbg dutbir bdvg jgge dssgrtgo
Akrst pujcksbgo ke  
        
4> ; 2 < 1 7 ? = : 4

Ei uedutbirkzg
uedutbirk zgo
o pbitimipykel
 Dcc rklbts
rklbts rgsgrvgo. Ei
Ei pdrt ia tbks pujckmdtkie
pujckmdtkie hdy jg rgprioumgo,
rgprioumgo, stirgo
ke d rgtrkgvdc systgh, ir trdeshkttgo, ke dey airh ir jy dey hgdes, wktbiut
tbg prkir pgrhksskie ke wrktkel ia Ixairo Wekvgrskty ^rgss, ir ds gxprgsscy
pgrhkttgo jy cdw, jy ckmgemg ir ueogr tgrhs dlrggo wktb tbg dppriprkdtg
rgprilrdpbkms rklbts irldekzdtkie. Gequkrkgs miemgrekel rgprioumtkie iutskog
tbg smipg ia tbg djivg sbiuco jg sget ti tbg GC_ Zklbts Ogpdrthget, Ixairo
 Wekvgrskty ^rgss, dt tbg doorgss
doorgss djivg
 [iu hust
hust eit mkrmucdtg tbks
tbks wir` ke dey itbgr airh deo yiu hust khpisg
tbks sdhg mieoktkie ie dey dmqukrgr
Cke`s ti tbkro pdrty wgjsktgs drg privkogo jy Ixairo ke liio adktb deo air
keairhdtkie iecy.
iecy. Ixairo oksmcdkhs dey rgspieskjkckty air tbg hdtgrkdcs
mietdkego ke dey tbkro pdrty wgjsktg rgagrgemgo ke tbks wir` 

     

^rketgo deo jiueo jy Lräakmd Hdkdoiuri ].D. ke ^irtuldc

_bks jii` ks prketgo ie pdpgr arih mgrtkakgo deo wgcc-hdedlgo siurmgs
 GA=g GCGH \J @gy Jii`cgt.keoo : :?/>7/:>4: 4:6:;
 

  4D   4J   4M
4 LZDHHDZ 4 LZDHHDZ 4 LZDHHDZ
d : drg = yiu‛rg ? ks 7 bg‛s 1 sbg d : ]bg kse‛t Jrktksb . ]bg‛s d ]ujfgmt prieiues6 : yiu ? sbg 7 kt 2 tbgy
< sbg‛s 2 ks ; kt‛s 4> drg 44 wg‛rg = Bg kse‛t Lgrhd
Lgrhde.e. Bg‛s   ^issgsskvg dofgmtkvgs
dofgmtkvgs66 4 hy = bks 1 iur
4: drg 4= yiu‛rg 4? tbgy 47 tbgy‛rg ? _bgy drge‛t ke Lrggmg. _bgy‛rg ke < yiur
j : _bgy‛rg = [iu
[iu‛rg
‛rg ? Kt‛s 7 ]bg‛s 7 [i
[iu u drge‛t ke riih =>;. [iu‛rg
[iu‛rg ke
1 Kt kse‛t arih Ardemg. Kt‛s arih j : Bks = Iur ? Hy 7 Kts 1 yiur < _bgkr
1 _bgy‛rg < \g‛rg 2 [i[iu‛rg
u‛rg
< K‛h eit Jrdzkckde. K‛h m \bgrg‛s yiur tgdmbgr arih9
2 Bg kse‛t Dhgrkm
Dhgrkmde.
de. Bg‛s Ks bg d stuoget9
: QIMDJWCDZ[ Biw ico drg yiu9
j : \bgrg‛s sbg arih9
d :
7 ]ueody
Arkody 1=\goegsody
_bursody ?<Hieody
_ugsody = Drg tbgy arih ]iutb Dhgrkm d9 Biw oi yiu spgcc yiur suredhg9
? Drg wg ke riih akvg9
j : twgcvg, aiurtgge, skxtgge
7 Drg yiu ie bickody9 : KE]_ZWM_KIE] KE [IWZ JII@
= gklbtgge, sgvgetgge, skxtgge   j : m 4 o ? g 4> a 2 l < b 1 k ; f 7
1 Ks bg arih ^icdeo9
^icdeo9
? gcgvge, tbkrtgge, akatgge
m d1 j7 m: o? g=
m 4 Ekmg, hggt : \bdt, edhg, ^droie = QIMDJWCDZ[
= Biw, yiu ? euhjgr d : Ckstge = Ipge ? \ir` 7 Deswgr
: QIMDJWCDZ[
o : ]gg yiu ie Arkody. 1 _ure < Cii` 2 Li
d = Fdpdegsg ? Bueldry 7 Hgxkmde 1 Ktdcy
= Ei, eit Arkody. ]dturody! < ]pdeksb 2 Glypt ; Dhgrkmde 4> Jrdzkc j : Biw oi yiuyiu spgcc kt9
? ]irry. ]gg yiu ie ]dturody. = K oie‛t ueogrstdeo.
7 Jyg. j 4 Guripg : Dskd = ]iutb Dhgrkm d
? ]irry, mde yiu rgpgdt tbdt pcgdsg9
1 Liiojyg. ? Eirtb Dhgrkmd 7 Darkmd
7 Gxmusg hg, wbdt‛s‛ vdmdmkiegs‛ ke Gelcksb9
m Eirtb 1 K mde‛t rghghjgr.
= ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE
d /K/ skx, ke /k0/ hggt, tbrgg /&/ hde, tbde`s \gst Gdst ? ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE
/g/ tge, wgcc twgcvg, vgry /gK/ gklbt, ody d /NW/ Eirtb /u0/ ]iutb /D0/ Dskd /NW/ oi
/dK/ akeg, ekmg
]iutb m /gK/ L /k0/ ] /u0/ I /g/ D /dK/ G

m 4
? sdeowkmb
tbkr tgge 7:jds`gtjdc
tbkrtgge tgeeks c= gklbtgge
jds`gtjdcc 1 liiojyg o : tbkrty-tbrgg = airty ? airty-gklbt
7 CK]_GEKEL
< ghdk
ghdkcc 2 ketgregt ; mihputgr 4> bitgc 7 akaty-skx 1 skxty-twi < sgvgety-
sgvgety-aiur
aiur
2 gklbty-akvg ; ekegty-ekeg 4> ieg bueorgo   : _dyci
_dycirr = Dustrdc
Dustrdckd
kd 7 47 1 \D 1>>2
< grk`tdycirNhdkc
grk`tdycirNh dkc.mih
.mih 2 >2 <>4> 71;:
? CK]_GEKEL ; ?;4 7<> 471
  4m : m = d = ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE
d 4 Dar kmd : Mbk ed = Lgr hd ey ? Krgc deo
  7 Gu ripg 1 ^i cdeo < Ktd cy 2 Fd pde
m 4 ]wkss : Gelcksb = Mbkegsg ? ]pdeksb ^rdmtkmdc Gelcksb Drrkvkel ke Cieoie
? ZGDOKEL 4 QIMDJWCDZ[
  :A =_ ?A 7_ 1A <A 2A   : skelcg = oiujcg ? jdr 7 rgmgptkie
1 lriueo aciir
7 CK]_GEKEL
  4 Zusskde : Dhgrkmde, Mdckairekd : MBGM@KEL KE
= ]pdeksb, arih Hgxkmi ? Argemb, Ktdckde   : _bdt‛s rklbt = Fust d sgmieo…
? Mde yiu
yiu skle bgrg, pcgdsg9 7 _bde ` yiu

= ]IMKDC GELCK]B
  : djiut = prijcgh ? tbdt 7 juskegss
1 pgragmt < tkhg

? ZGDOKEL
  ]bgrdtie ]`yck
]`yckeg
eg Bitgc :, _bg Lrivg 4,
Dt-Bihg Jgo deo Jrgd`adst =

=
 GA=g GCGH \J @gy Jii`cgt.keoo = :?/>7/:>4: >;677

 
 

  :D   :J   :M
4 QIMDJWCDZ[ 4 LZDHHDZ 4 LZDHHDZ
  Dmriss6 = cdptip < egwspdpgr ; pbiti d 4 jcug fgdes : ekmg ody = vgry tdcc d : mcisg = oie‛t wirry ? oie‛t spgd`
4> smkss
smkssirs
irs 44 lcdssgs ? adst mdr 7 liio pbitis 1 quktg mbgdp 7 sciw 1 Mihg < oie‛t pdr`
  Oiwe6 4 hdldzk
hdldzkeg
eg ? tkm`gt 7 pge < jkl biusg 2 vgry ico 2 Oie‛t orke` ; ture
1 bgdopbiegs 2 mike j : _bdt‛s de gxpgeskvg wdtmb. j : G =A ?O 7M 1D
= Hy bdkr ks quktg ciel.
: LZDHHDZ ? _bdt wihde
wihde ks vgry rkmb. : QIMDJWCDZ[
d = Kt‛s d ? Kt‛s de 7 _bgy‛rg 1 _bgy‛rg 7 [i
[iur
ur jiits drg rgdccy okrty.   : K‛h mico. = K‛h bdppy. ? K‛h wirrkgo.
1 _bks ks d odelgrius mkty.
< Kt‛s de 2 Kt‛s d < _bdt kse‛t d vgry
vgry liio jii`. 7
2 K‛h
K‛h buelry. 1 K‛h
tkrgo . ; K‛h jirgo.
sdo. < K‛h
4> K‛h bit.
tbkrsty.
tbkrs ty.
j -s6 pgemkcs, tkm`gts, wk eoiws
2 Bks biusg ks quktg egdr. 44 K‛h strgssgo.
-gs 6 mcdssgs, wdtmbgs, sdeowkmbgs
-kgs 6 okdrkgs, miuetrkgs, okmtkiedrkgs
: QIMDJWCDZ[ = ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE
m : _bks = _bisg ? _bdt‛s 7 _bgsg d : lrgy = irdelg ? pke` 7 jriwe
o ]kelucdr6 wihde, mbkco m /&/ adt, bdppy, bdvg, hdttgr, sdo
j Dmriss6 ? gxpgeskvg 2 piir 44 liio /Q/ buelr
 buelry,
y, Hieody,
Hieody, ieg, ulcy, wirrkgo, yiuel
^curdc6 hge, pgipcg 4: bit 4= striel 4? okrt y
g : hde = mbkco rge, mbkco ? pgipcg
7 wihge, hge
  Oiwe6 4 sdag = okaaokaakmuct
kmuct 7 egdr 1 ghpty ? ZGDOKEL
< jkl ; ico 4> wriel 4= sbirt d J Ks yiur mdr rgdoy9
m :O =D ?M 7A 1G M Hd`g surg gvgrytbkel ks ke tbg
tbg mdr.
= ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE O @ggp dwd`g!
d : mcdssg
mcdssgss = doorgssg
doorgssgss ? wdtmbgs o : ico = vgry ico ? ks vgry tdcc
7 ks quktg sbirt 1 ks quktg tdcc < ks vgry adt G Bdvg aue!
7 sdeowkmbgs 1 lcdssgs
2 ks quktg
quktg adt ; ks vgry tbke
m 4 tbde`
tbde`ss : tbgsg = tbrgg ? tbisg 7 CK]_GEKEL
= ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE   4j :d =m ?d 7j
? ZGDOKEL
  : mcgde fgdes = d adt hde ? d odr` mdr
  4 pges = rgmgkpt ? tkssugs 7 `gys
7
< dd ciel
liiosiel
jii` 12djcug
shdccsbigs
oiir
7 CK]_GEKEL
  4 ]pgd`gr = : ]pgd`gr : = ]pgd`gr ? ? ZGDOKEL
? ]pgd`gr 4
  4A :A =_ ?A 7_ 1A

7 CK]_GEKEL
  D: J= M4 O7 G?

?
 GA=g GCGH \J @gy Jii`cgt.keoo ? :?/>7/:>4: >;677

  =D   =J   =M
4 QIMDJWCDZ[ 4 QIMDJWCDZ[ 4 LZDHHDZ
  : gmieihkms = Lgrhd
Lgrhdee ? d egwspdpgr d Dmriss6 ? drmbktgmt 1 vgt 2 sbip dsskstdet d : \bdt oi yiu oi dt tbg wgg`geo9
wgg`geo9
7 sirry 1 lcdssgs < gxgrmksg 2 dekhdcs 4> ogetkst = \bdt `keo ia jii`s
jii`s oi yiu rgdo9
; d egw mdr 4> de uhjrgccd   Oiwe6 4 acacklbt
klbt dttgeodet = admtiry wir`gr ? Oi yiu wdet deitbgr orkorke`9
e`9
7 mbga < hiogc ; sicokgr 7 Drg yiu
yiu d acklbt dttgeodet9
: LZDHHDZ j : orkvg = gdre ? wgdr 7 spgd` 1 \bgrg oi yiu ckvg ke Jrkstic9
d : oigse‛t rdke = ckvg ? mbdelgs 1 trdvgc < wir` 2 bdvg ; gdrgdree 4> wir` < \bi ks yiur adviurktg wrktgr9
7 oigse‛t mii` 1 oigse‛t wgdr < oie‛t bdvg 2 Biw ico drg yiu9
2 eggo ; hd`gs 4> oie‛t oi   d fiuredckst : d eursg = d pickmghde 4 ; Oi yiu
yiu bdvg de k^do9
j : oigse‛t wgdr = ork
orke`
e` ? oigse‛t oi m : -gr = -ir ? -gr 7 -ir 1 -gr 4> Ks yiur
yiur sdcdo ekmg9
7 oie‛t pcdy 1 oigse‛t gdt < wgdrs 2 oigs o : de = air ? ueghpciygo 7 d j : Oi yiu ckvg = Oi yiu bdvg ? Ks sbg
m : oie‛t li = bds ? oigse‛t wir` 7 rdke s 1 rgtkrgo < ke 7 \bgrg oi yiu 1 Oi yiu ck`g
1 ckvg < oigse‛t spgd
spgd`` 2 stuoy ; oie‛t oi g : sbkrt = tkg ? s`krt 7 tip 1 triusgrs
: QIMDJWCDZ[
= ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE : LZDHHDZ   : \bdt = \bgrg ? \bge 7 \bkmb
d = ] ? O 7 O 1 ] < ] 2 O ; O 4> ] d : Oi = Oigs ? Oi 7 Oigs 1 Oigs 1 \bdt `keo < Biw hdey 2 \bi ; \by
m : wdtmbgs = akeksbgs ? usgs 7 `kssgs < Oigs 2 Oi ; Oigs 4> Oi
1 mbdelgs j : oi = Ks ? oi 7 Drg 1 oigs < Ks 2 oigs = ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE
m :l =a ?g 7o 1j <b 2d d 4o :a =d ?j 7l 1g <m
? ZGDOKEL m D \bdt oi yiu oi9
d 4O :D =J ?M = ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE J K‛h d oimtir.
d 4 dohkekstrdtir : drmbktgmt = ogetkst D \bgrg oi yiu
yiu wir`9
7 CK]_GEKEL ? aiitjdccgr 7 bdkro rgssgr 1 hiogc J K wir` ke d bispktdc.
  4B :Z =D ?B 7D 1Z < huskmkd
huskmkdee 2 pkcit ; pickmghd
pickmghde e 4> sicokgr
m eursg, fiuredckst, sgrvkmg, tbkrsty, wir`
wir`gr
gr ? ZGDOKEL

? CK]_GEKEL d ei
j 4M =D ?J
d vgt
j : Oi yiu bdvg 7 CK]_GEKEL
= Oi yiu spgd` d ygs
? Oi yiu wgdr j : A =A ?_ 7_ 1A
7 Oi yiu trdvgc
1 Oi yiu gdre
< Oi yiu wir`
^rdmtkmdc Gelcksb Miaagg ti td`g dwdy

4 QIMDJWCDZ[
  : Kt‛s akvg pdst tge.
= Kt‛s akvg i‛mcim`.
? Kt‛s twgety ti tbrgg.
7 Kt‛s qudrtgr pdst
pdst skx.
1 Kt‛s twgety ti twgcvg.
< Kt‛s twgety-ak
twgety-akvgvg pdst gklbt.
2 Kt‛s tge ti ieg.

: JW[KEL D MIAAGG
  = D  Zglucdr ir cdrlg9
cdrlg9
? J Cdrlg, pcgdsg.
7 D  _i bdvg bgrg ir td`g dwdy9
1 J  _i td`g dwdy.
< D Deytbkel gcsg9
2 J  Ei tbde`s. Biw humb ks tbdt9
; D  _bdt‛s £=.17,
£=.17, pcgdsg.
4> J  ]irry, biw humb9
44 D  £=.17. _bde` yiu. Deo yiur
yiur mbdelg.
4: J  _bde`s.

= ]IMKDC GELCK]B
  : akr
akrst
st tkhg = ti orke ` ? ti yiu 7 d sgdt

?
d ZGDOKEL
4O :J =G/D ?D 7M

7
 GA=g GCGH \J @gy Jii`cgt.keoo 7 :?/>7/:>4: >;677

 
 

  ?D   ?J   ?M
4 QIMDJWCDZ[ 4 LZDHHDZ 4 LZDHHDZ
d : adtbgr = duet ? busjdeo 7 skstgr d ke 6 tbg wketgr, tbg datgreiie, 4;2? d : ks dcwdys = sihgtkhgs oigs ? iatge gdts
1 sie < ekgmg 2 miuske ie 6 Hieody, ]dturody gvgekel, :4st Dulust 7 ks egvgr 1 sihgtkhgs scggps < ks iatge
j : ekgmg = duet ? lrdeohit bgr dt6 eklbt, tbg wgg`geo, Mbrksthds 2 egvgr oigs ; bdrocy gvgr gdts 4> ks dcwdys
7 miuske 1 egpbgw j : ke = dt ? dt 7 ke 1 ie < dt 2 dt j = Hk`g sihgtkhgs
sihgtkhgs rkogs bks hitirjk`g
; ti 4> ke ti wir`.
: LZDHHDZ m 4 ke : dt = ti ? ie 7 ke 1 dt < dt ? Hy lkrcarkgeo ks egvgr
egvgr cdtg.
d : Hy jiyarkgeo‛
jiyarkgeo‛ss mdr ks Lgrhde. 2 Ke ; ie 4> ke 7 K sgg hy lrdeopdrget s gvgry wgg`geo.
=
? Bks lkrcarkgeo‛s
Oi yiu huh ksjritbgr9
`eiw ]deord‛s ^icksb. 1
< Gccks orke`sbuelry.
K‛h dcwdys miaagg tbrgg tkhgs d ody.
ody.
: QIMDJWCDZ[
7 \g ckvg wktb hyhy wkag‛s pdrgets. 2 \g stuoy Gelcksb twkmg d wgg`.
1 _bgkr sie‛s arkgeo gdre s d cit ia hiegy. d : bdvg d sbiwgr = bdvg jrgd`
jrgd`adst
adst
< Ks Dodh‛s fij odelgrius9 ? li ti wir` 7 li bihg 1 li sbippkel : QIMDJWCDZ[
2 ]usde‛s uek
uekairh
airh ks vgry ulcy.
ulcy. j : lgt = bdvg ? bdvg 7 bdvg 1 li < li d 4 1> : 4: = < ? 1> 7 ? 1 :?
j : _bdt ks hy pdrgets‛ mdr. 2 lgt ; li 4> li 44 bdvg 4: lgt 4= li < =4 2 7:
= K tbke` tbks ks tbdt wihde‛
wihde‛ss pge. 4? li 47 li 41 bdvg 4< bdvg 42 li j : twkmg = iemg ? egvgr 7 tbrgg tkhgs
? _bgy orke` tgd ke tbg _gdmbgrs‛
_gdmbgrs‛ Ziih. m 4g :o =j ?d 7m 1 gvgry < bdrocy gvgr 2 gvgry
7 Oi yiu
yiu `eiw Jdrjdrd‛s skstgr9
1 Hy lrdeopdrgets
lrdeopdrgets‛‛ biusg ks ke Krgcd
Krgcdeo.
eo. = ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE = ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE
< Fdhgs‛ wkag ks Zusskde.
d 4 [iu lgt up cdtg.
[iu d :m =b ?j 7l 1d <o 2a
m =D ?J 7J 1D <D 2J biur
  : K bdvg d sbiwgr.
o = \bisg ? \bi‛s 7 \bi‛s 1 \bisg
< \bi‛s 2 \bisg   = \g mbgm` ghdkc s. ? ZGDOKEL
  ? Bg oigs gxgrmksg . d ]bg ks d ;?-ygdr-ico dmmiuetdet.
= ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE   7 ]bg ligs bihg gdrcy. j : A =_ ?A 7_ 1A <A 2_
d 4j :o =d ?m
  1 _bgy bdvg cuemb dt wir`. 7 CK]_GEKEL
m 4 K wd`g up dt skx.
? ZGDOKEL : K bdvg d miaagg. d Hdrlg
d sie-ke-cdw = K li ti wir` jy jus. j : A =_ ?_ 7A 1A <A 2_
j 4 Zdmbgc : _iey = Mdrci ? Edtdsbd ? K oi tbg biusgwir`.
biusgwir`.
7 _kh 1 Odekgc < Odksy 7 K bdvg
bdvg d pkzzd air okeegr.
1 K li
li ti jgo dt hkoek lbt.
7 CK]_GEKEL
  ]bg sbiws aiur pbitis. ? CK]_GEKEL
  :A =_ ?A 7A 1_ <A 2_ d 4 Bg‛s d tdxk orkvgr
: [gs
= Arih < p.h. ti djiut 1 d.h.
j : Bg bds d bdhjurlgr ir d pkzzd.
= Bg akeksbgs wir`.
wir`.
? Bg ligs bihg.
7 Bg ligs ti jgo.
1 Bg scggps air gklbt biurs.
< Bg lgts up.
2 Bg bds jrgd`adst.
; Bg ligs
ligs ti tbg lyh.
4> Bg bds d sbiwgr.
sbiwgr.
44 Bg wdtmbgs _Q ir mbgm` bks ghdkcs.
4: Bg bds oke egr.

1
 GA=g GCGH \J @gy Jii`cgt.keoo 1 :?/>7/:>4: >;677

  7D   7J   7M
4 LZDHHDZ 4 QIMDJWCDZ[ 4 LZDHHDZ
d : ]bg mde pdket. = Bg mde‛t swkh.   : jdr`s = mrkgs ? bdvg 7 tdc` 1 drlug d : K‛h bdvkel okeegr = oi tbgy usudc
usudccycy li
? Bg mde mii`. 7 ]bg mde‛t td`g pbitis. < pcdy 2 bdvg ; pcdy ? Bg trdvgcs 7 oigs yiur lkrca rkgeo oi
j : Mde, pdket = Mde, swkh ? Mde, mii` 1 Drg yiu wir`kel < Kt mcisgs 2 Ks kt rdkek
rdkekel
el
7 Mde, td`g pbitis : LZDHHDZ j : ‛rg drlukel = ‛h cgdrekel ‛s tgdmbkel
m : j = o ? g 7 d 1 a  d : ]drdb‛s arkgeos drg stdyke l wktb bgr ? oi, li 7 ligs iut 1 kse‛t sbke kel
o : mde‛t tdc` / spgd` = mde sgg tbks wgg`. < Drg, uskel, wdet 2 civgs, oigse‛t oi
? mde‛t ture rklbt = \g drge‛t bdvkel d pdrt y tieklbt.
tieklbt.

: QIMDJWCDZ[
?
7 K‛h
\byorke`kel
ks Lgirlgd mup ia miaagg
miaagg
cii`kel air ke tbg `ktmbge.
d fij9 :
d QIMDJWCDZ[
sprkel, suhhgr, dutuhe
1 _bgy drge‛t fillkel jgmdusg kt‛s tii
d Dmriss6 ? rghghjgr 1 wdkt 2 pdket mico tiody. / _bgy drge‛t fillkel tiody j : wkeoy = mciuoy ? rdke kel 7 ailly
; usg 4: odemg 4? td`g jgmdusg kt‛s tii mico. 1 sueey < mico 2 seiwkel
  Oiwe6 : hggt = sgg 7 swkh < lkvg < Drg yiu uskel tbg mihputgr9
mihputgr9
4> skel 44 tgcc 4: orkvg 4= ordw 2 Ks Dodh pcdykel aiitjdcc ke tbg pdr`9 = ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE
j : pcdy = bgcp ? juy 7 rue 1 bgdr j : K‛h hd`kel = Drg tbgy drlukel d 4 Jum`kelbdh ^dcdmg
< tdc` 2 cii` air ? tbgy‛rg eit sbiutkel 7 tbgy‛rg wdtmbke l : \gsthkestgrr Djjgy
\gsthkestg
1 Bg‛s eit bdvkel < Bg‛s ckstge kel = Ixairo ]trggt
= ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE 2 K‛h cii`kel air ? ]t ^duc‛s Mdtbgord c
j /&/6 mde, adt, bdvg, stdhp 7 ^kmmdokccy Mkrmus
m : ‛rg drluk el = drg pcdykel aiitjdcc
/D0/6 mde‛t, mcdss, odemg, stdrt 1 Cgkmgstgr ]qudrg
? ‛s ckstge kel ti
ti huskm 7 ‛s mry kel
< Biusgs ia ^drckd hget
1 ‛s jdr`k el < ‛s pcdykel tbg luktd
luktdrr
? CK]_GEKEL 2 _rdadcldr ]qudrg
2 ‛s skelkel
  4j :d =m ?j 7m
= ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE ? ZGDOKEL
  :_ =A ?A 7_ 1_ <_ 2A ;A
j : pke` = ciel ? uemcg 7 ork
orke`
e`
1 Bueldry < yiuel 2 tbke` 7 CK]_GEKEL
  D: J7 M2 G= A? L1 B<
? CK]_GEKEL
  ]pgd`gr 4 J, ]pgd`gr : M, ]pgd`gr = A,
]pgd`gr ? G
^rdmtkmdc Gelcksb Ke d mcitbgs sbip

4 QIMDJWCDZ[
  : d sbkr
sbkrtt = d s`kr
s`krtt ? sbigs 7 d swgdtgr
1 fgdes < d _-sbkrt 2 triusgrs

: JW[KEL MCI_BG]
  4 bgcp : skzg = cdrlg ? drg 7 mbdelk el
1 _bde ` < humb

= ]IMKDC GELCK]B
  :a =m ?b 7l 1g <j 2d

? ZGDOKEL
d J? M: O=

<
 GA=g GCGH \J @gy Jii`cgt.keoo < :?/>7/:>4: >;677

  1D   1J   1M
4 LZDHHDZ 4 LZDHHDZ 4 LZDHHDZ
d ]ujfgmt prieiues6 : yiu, 7 kt, < yiu
yiu d vgrj + -kel6 ordwkel, akeokel, wdktkel d : oi = kse‛t ? oie‛t 7 ‛rg eit / drge‛t
Ijfgmt prieiues6 = bkh, ? bgr, 1 us, 2 tbgh   g + -kel6 mihkel, bdvkel, lkvkel, td`kel 1 Oigs < ks 2 oigse‛t ; oie‛t 4> Drg
j : hg = kt ? bgr 7 yiu 1 tbgh < us   oiujcg miesiedet + -kel6 lgttkel, rueekel, j : Oigs Dodh skel `drdi`g9
2 kt ; tbgh 4> bkh stippkel,
stipp kel, swkhh kel = Ks sbg skelk
skelkel
el ke tbg sbiwgr9
sbiwgr9
m : bgr = bg ? bkh 7 tbgh 1 tbgy ? Ks tbdt luktdr gxpgeskvg9
gxpgeskvg9
j 4 civgs odemk
odemkel
el 7 Oi tbgy li li ti d cit ia huskmdcs9
< bgr 2 sbg : oigse‛t hkeo oikel, bdtgs oikel 1 Dh K wdktkel ke tbg rklbt pcdmg9
pcdmg9
= ck`gs orkvkel, oigse‛t
oigse‛t ck`g orkvkel < Oigs @dtby ck`g rglldg9
: QIMDJWCDZ[ ? oigse‛t
oigse‛t hkeo skttkel,
7 civ
civgs
skttkel, ck`gs skttkel
gs swkhhkel, oigse‛t
oigse‛t ck`g swkhhkel
2 Oi yiu
yiu li odemk
odemkelel dt tbg wgg`geo9
  : Kt‛s = deswgr ? tbks 7 ^rgss ; Oigs bg ckstge ti mcdsskm dc huskm wbge
1 wriel < hgssdlg 1 oigse‛t ck`g wdtmbkel, civgs
civgs wdtmbke l bg‛s strgssgo9
4> Drg tbgy ke de irmbgstrd9
= ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE : QIMDJWCDZ[
d : Fucy, Dulust = Hdrmb, Dprkc : QIMDJWCDZ[
j 4 ekmg : tbks = hg ? tbgsg 7 kt 1 ekgmg
? dutuhe, wketgr 7 tbkro, aiurtb
1 gklbtb, eketb < twgetkgtb, twgety-akrst d : rim` = bkp bip ? bgdvy hgtdc 7 jcugs
? ZGDOKEL 1 mcdsskmdc huskm < Cdtke 2 rglldg ; fdzz
j Bdcciwgge6 =4/4
=4/4>,
>, tbg tbkrty-akrst ia Imtijgr
  4 @dtbgrkeg ks ^duc‛s skstgr. Egw [gdr‛s Ody6 4/4, tbg akrst ia Fdeudry j : ade mcuj = oiwecido ? huskm mbdeegc
mbdeegcss
: Ciuksg sullgsts tbdt ]dccy puts ie ie bgr
bgr rgo W] Keogpgeogemg Ody6 ?/<, tbg aiurtb ia Fucy 7 ieckeg 1 cyrkms < `drdi`g 2 miemgrt
s`krt,, ligs ti tbg pdrty, deo airlgts Deorgw.
s`krt Qdcgetkeg‛s Ody6 4?/:, tbg aiurtggetb
= ^duc oigse‛t `eiw bks pbiegpbieg euhjgr ia Agjrudry = ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE
jgmdusg bg egvgr mdccs kt. d 4 uhjrgccd : fiuredckst = eursg
? Bks huh tgccs bkh wbdt bks euhjgr ks. = ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE ? cuemb 7 suhhgr
d : Agjrudr y ? Dprkc < Fucy 2 Dulust
7 CK]_GEKEL ; ]gptghjgr 4> Imtijgr 44 Eivghjgr ? CK]_GEKEL
  4j :j =d ?d 7j 1j <d 2j 4: Ogmghjgr   4j :m =d ?d 7j

? ZGDOKEL
  : O = J ? D, O 7 D 1 J

7 CK]_GEKEL
d ]pgd`gr 4 wketgr, ]pgd`gr : suhhgr,
]pgd`gr = dutuhe, ]pgd`gr ? sprkel
j ]pgd`gr 4 J, ]pgd`gr : O, ]pgd`gr = D,
]pgd`gr ? M

2
 GA=g GCGH \J @gy Jii`cgt.keoo 2 :?/>7/:>4: >;677

  <D   <J   <M

4 LZDHHDZ 4 LZDHHDZ 4 LZDHHDZ
d : wds = \ds ? wdse‛t 7 wds 1 wds d : ckstgego , okoe‛t ckstge d : Hdx sdw bks arkgeos datgr wir` cdst eklbt.
< wds 2 wdse‛t = stuokgo , okoe‛t stuoy = Ghkcy
Ghk cy cist bgr `gys ygstgrody.
j = \ds Mbdrcgs Okm`ges d eivgckst9 ? wdtmbgo, okoe‛t wdtmb ? \g okoe‛t bdvg okeegr dt bihg cdst eklbt.
[gs, bg wds. 7 jii`go, okoe‛t jii` 7 _bgy cgat wir`
wir` dt 7.=> ygstgrody.
? \grg _bg Jgdtcgs arih tbg W]D9 1 oiwecidogo, okoe‛t oiwecido 1 Dcgx okoe‛t lgt up gdrcy ygstgrody hirekel.
Ei, tbgy wgrge‛t. < wir`go, okoe‛t wir` < Hy lkrca rkgeo agct kcc ygstgrody.
7 \ds Ciro Jyrie d picktkmk
picktkmkde9
de9 2 pcdygo, okoe‛t pcdy 2 Bgcge okoe‛t lili iut
iut ourkel tbg wgg`
Ei, bg wdse‛t. cdst wgg`.
1 \ds Ksddm Egwtie d mihpisgr9
mihpisgr9 j :
= \bdtyitkhg
Oko yiuu ck`goko
okyiur
o tbgjkrtbody
hdtmb akeksb9
prgsgets9
prgsgets9 ; K okoe‛t wgdr lcdssgs ygstgrody.
Ei, bg wdse‛t. ? \bdt oko yiur jritbgr stuoy dt uekvgrskty9 4> Cumy miucoe‛t mihg ti hy pdrty cdst ygdr.
< \ds Jiei jire ke Krgcd Krgcdeo9
eo9 7 Oko yiur pdrgets drrkvg cdtg9 j : \ds kt = oko yiu li ? oko yiu wgdr
[gs, bg wds. 1 \bgrg oko yiur arkgeos ckvg ke Lgrhdey9 7 oko yiu lgt 1 Oko yiu lgt < yiu bdvg
2 \ds Dhy \kegbiusg d skelgr9 < Oko yiu mry dt tbg geo ia tbg akc h9 2 \ds
[gs, sbg wds. 2 \bdt tkhg oko ]deord drrkvg dt wir`
; \grg F Z Z _i _ic`kge
c`kge deo M ] Cgwks pdketgrs9 ygstgrody9 : QIMDJWCDZ[
Ei, tbgy wgrge‛t.
m : \bge oko Hkmbdgc Fdm`sie okg9 :>>; d : air d wdc` = d liio tkhg ? d mdr
4> \ds Hkmbdgc Fdm`sie jire ke Jrktdke9
= \bge oko Admgjii` stdr stdrt9
t9 :>>? 7 42 ygdrs 1 sbippkel
Ei, bg wdse‛t.
? \bge oko ^rkemgss Okded okg9 4;;< 4;;< j : lit = bdo ? wget 7 lit 1 bdo < wget
m : Ks, kse‛t, wds, ‛s = drg, wgrg ? ks, wds, wgrg 7 \bge oko tbg akrst tiurkst trdvgc keti 2 bdo ; wget 4> bdo 44 wget 4: bdo
7 wds, wds spdmg9 :>>4
1 \bge oko k^biegs akrst dppgdr9 :>>< = ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE
: QIMDJWCDZ[ < \bge oko _kh Jgregrs-Cgg mrgdtg tbg tbg
d :O =] ?O 7] 1O <O 2]
d & j : d wrktgr = d pickmghde
pickmghde / pickmgwihde \irco \kog \gj9 4;;>
? d mihpisgr 7 d huskmkd
huskmkdee 1 d pdketgr
< d juskegsshde / juskegsswi
juskegsswihde
hde : QIMDJWCDZ[ ? CK]_GEKEL
2 de dmtir / dmtrgs
dmtrgsss ; d smkgetk
smkgetkst
st 4> d d ]bg wget ti d miemgrt jy bgr
bgr adviurktg jdeo.
sdkcir   4
: KHy
mbdttgo ti hy akeksbgo
lkrcarkgeo arkgeos airuekvgrskty
de biur
biur cdst
twieklbt. j 4 4?tb Agjrudr y
o = wds de dmtir ? wds d smkgetks
smkgetkstt ygdrs dli. : twi arkgeos
7 wds d huskmkd
huskmkde e 1 wgrg kevgetirs = _bgy trdvgccgo djrido cdst hietb. = Hdembgstgr
< wds
wds d wrktgr 2 wds wds d juskegsshde ? Oko yiu
yiu mdcc hg ygstgrody hirekel9 ? tbg eklbt jgairg
; wgrg drtksts 7 Kt stippgo
stippgo rdkekel twi biurs
biurs dli. 7 Ke d vgry
vgry ico puj ke tbg mkty mgetrg.
1 Hy jritbgr wir`go ke Lrggmg cdst Fucy. 1 [gs. _bg jdeo pcdygo dcc tbgkr adviurktg
? CK]_GEKEL < \g wdtmbgo tbdt akch twi wgg`s dli. siels, deo tbgy odemgo deo sdel air
2 Odvko jii`go
jii`go tbg tkm`gts ygstgrody djiut twi biurs.
d Okded, ^rkemgss ia \dcgs =
datgreiie. < d murry
Mbdrcgs Odrwke ?
; ]tgvg wds jire ke 4;;>.
4;;>. 2 : i‛mcim` ke tbg hirekel
\kcckdh ]bd`gspgdrg 7
Ksdhjdro @keloih Jruegc : 4> K pcdygo lica tbg ody jgairg ygstgrody.
\kestie Mburmbkcc 4
j : A =A ?_ 7_ 1A <_ 2A = ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE
d 4 wdetgo : pdketgo = wdktgo ? mbdttgo ^rdmtkmdc Gelcksb Lgttkel cist
7 stdrtgo 1 ogmkogo
4 QIMDJWCDZ[
? ZGDOKEL   : strdk
strdklbt
lbt ie = rklbt ? pdst 7 miregr

d : 1 ippisktg < jrkolg 2 trdaa km cklbts

j 4 4; : Mdrcsjdo , Mdck
Mdckairekd
airekd = jy pcdeg
? Mdrcsjdo, Egw Hgxkmi
: D]@KEL AIZ OKZGM_KIE]
7 => hkeutgs jgairg bgr hdtmb   : \bgrg‛s = ]irry ? egdr 7 gxdmt cy
1 Zijgrtd Qkemk < Ei 1 tgcc < wdy 2 sdy ; hkss

7 CK]_GEKEL = ]IMKDC GELCK]B

d 4 jy pcdeg : jy mdr (deo tdx
tdxk)
k)   : wiuco = tbgrg ? miuco 7 hggt
= jy trdke deo mdr ? jy
jy jus
jus deo
deo tdxk 1 ekmg < Hdyjg 2 miursg
j 4M :O =J ?D
? ZGDOKEL
j :_ =A ?A 7_
m 4 smgekm : mieauskel = gmiei
gmieihkmdc
hkmdc
? stdeodro 7 acgxkjcg 1 argquget

;
 GA=g GCGH \J @gy Jii`cgt.keoo ; :?/>7/:>4: >;677

  2D   2J   2M
4 LZDHHDZ 4 LZDHHDZ 4 LZDHHDZ
d : pdr`go = wds ? wgrg 7 cii`go 1 sdw d : tbgrg‛s d = Ks tbgrg d ? tbgrg kse‛t d : wgrg = wdse‛t ? wds 7 wgrg 1 wds
< miucoe‛t 2 ipgego ; okoe‛t rue 7 tbgrg‛s d 1 drg tbgrg < _bgrg drg < wds 2 wgrge‛t ; wgrg
4> wget 44 aiueo 4: oko okoe‛t
e‛t wdet 4= tii` 2 Ks tbgrg d ; tbgrg ks 4> Drg tbgrg dey j : tbgrg wdse‛t = tbgrg wgrge‛t ? \ds tbgrg
j : oko yiu sgg = oko yiu li ? Oko sbg ck`g 44 tbgrg drg sihg 7 tbgrg wdse‛t 1 tbgrg wdse‛t < \ds tbgrg
7 oko, ake ksb 1 oko yiu oi < oko yiu cgdvg j : Drg tbgrg dey mdrpgts oiwestdkrs9 2 tbgrg wgrge‛t ; \grg tbgrg 4> tbgrg wgrg
2 Oko yiu li ; Oko yiu lgt 4> oko yiu li = _bgrg drg sihg MOs ie tbg sbgca.
? Drg tbgrg dey lcdssgs ke tbg mupjidro9 : QIMDJWCDZ[
: QIMDJWCDZ[
d : mihg, mdhg = orke
orke`,
`, orde` ? orkvg, orivg 7 _bgrg drge‛t dey akcgs ke tbg stuoy.   :
1 egxt
iut iati <=keippisktg
ariet ia ?2jgbkeo
arih, ti 7 ueogr
m : kt kse‛t = _bgrg drg ? tbgy drge‛t
7 lkvg
lkvg,, ldvg 1 `eiw, `egw < put, put 7 _bgrg‛s 1 _bgrg kse‛t < tbgrg‛s ; ivgr 4> up
2 skt, sdt ; swkh
swkh,, swdh 4> wd`g (up), 2 tbgrg‛s ; tbgrg‛s 4> _bgy drg
wi`g (up) 44 wke, wie 4: wrktg, writg = ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE
j : tbiulbt = aiueo ? hgt 7 jiulbt : QIMDJWCDZ[ d : mupjidro = wbktg ? `eiw
1 cist < jri`g 2 tii` ; miuco 4> hdog 7 dutuhe 1 wdc` < jukcogr 2 wriel
d Dmriss6 ? hkr
hkrrir,
rir, 7 jgo, < sbgca, ; arkolg,
4> stdkrs m 4 _bgrg wds d cdhp ie tbg tdjcg.
= ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE : _bgrg wdse‛t d jdtb ke tbg jdtbriih.
d : sdko = cist ? bdo 7 jiulbt 1 orivg   Oiwe6 4 mdrpgt, : mii`gr
mii`gr,, = drhmbdkr, = \ds tbgrg d hkr
hkrrir
rir ke tbg jgoriih9
< miuco 2 cgdret 1 akrgpcdmg, < sbiwgr, 2 cklbt ? _bgrg wgrg sihg
sihg jii`s ie tbg sbgca.
j : jdtbriih = oke kel riih ? stuoy 7 _bgrg wgrge‛t
wgrge‛t dey mupjidros ke tbg `ktmbge.
? CK]_GEKEL 7 ldrdlg 1 `ktmbge < ckvk ckvkel
el riih 1 \grg tbgrg dey pcdets ke tbg stuoy9
d ]icvkel d hurogr 2 jgoriih ; ldroge
j 4 d :j =m ?d 7j ? ZGDOKEL
= ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE   :_ =A ?_ 7A
d 4 ogdr : stdkr
stdkrss = wg‛rg ? bdkr
j mdrpg
mdrpgt,
t, hkr
hkrrir,
rir, mupjidro, jdcmiey, mii`gr, 7 CK]_GEKEL
siad, drhmbdkr, ldrdlg, mgkckel d Mistd Zkmd
Zkmd,, ]wgoge, Lgrhd
Lgrhdey,
ey, Akfk
m 4 mdrpgt : hkrrir = mupjidro ? jdcmiey j 4O :M =J ?D
7 mii`gr 1 siad < drhmbd kr 2 ldrdlg
; mgkckel

? CK]_GEKEL
d 4, 1, <
j : A =A ?_ 7_ 1_ <A 2_

4>
 GA=g GCGH \J @gy Jii`cgt.keoo 4> :?/>7/:>4: >;677

  ;D   ;J   ;M
4 LZDHHDZ 4 LZDHHDZ 4 LZDHHDZ
d : d = sihg ? sihg 7 sihg 1 de d : Biw humb, puts d citcit ia
ia suldr ke bks tgd d 4 mbgdpgr, micogr, bklbgr
< d 2 sihg ; sihg 4> sihg = Biw hdey, oigse‛t gdt hdey jksmukts : sdoogr, wgttgr, tbke egr
j : drge‛t dey strdwjgrr kgs ke iur ldroge ? Biw hdey, juys quktg d cit ia swggts = orkgr, okrtkgr, buelrkgr
= bdo de gll air
air jrgd`adst 7 Biw humb,
humb, oigse‛t oi humb
humb gxgrmksg ? hirg jgdutkauc, hirg
hirg okaakmuct,
? ‛s sihg suldr ke hy tgd 1 Biw hdey, oigse‛t orke` dey (mups ia) hirg mihairtdjcg
7 dtg sihg sedm`s ygstgrody miaagg 7 aurtbgr, jgttgr
1 wgrg sihg sdeowkm
sdeowkmbgs
bgs ke tbg `ktmbge j : Biw hdey mdcirkgs drg tbgrg
tbgrg ke d jdeded9 j : drg jkllgr tbde ckies
< okoe‛t juy d pkegdppcg dt tbg supgrhdr`g
supgrhdr`gtt = Biw hdey irdelgs drg tbgrg ke d mdr mdrtie
tie = ks orkgr tbde Krgcdeo
2 wdse‛t dey jrgdo ke tbg mupjidro ia irdelg fukmg9 ? ks sbirtgr
sbirtgr tbde Fdeudry
Fdeudry
m : sihg = sihg ? dey 7 de 1 dey ? Biw humb
humb sdct ks tbgrg ke d jiwc ia
ia mgrgdc9 7 ks mbgdpgr tbde d cdptip
< dey 2 sihg ; d 4> d 44 dey 7 Biw hdey glls drg tbgrg ke d jix9 1 drg wirsg
wirsg tbde Arkodys
4: sihg 1 Biw humb
humb fdh ks tbgrg ke d fdr9 < ks micogr tbde d mii`gr
2 ks bdrogr
bdrogr tbde Ktdckde
Ktdckde
: QIMDJWCDZ[ : QIMDJWCDZ[
d Dmriss6 ? tidst, 1 mbkm`ge, 2 md`g, ; fdh, d : jix = mdrtie ? tke 7 pdm`gt 1 mde : QIMDJWCDZ[
44 mgrgdc < jittcg d 4 4>? : 7;1 = :,11> ? 2,;>7
  Oiwe6 : stgd`, = rkmg, 7 mbkps, < miaagg, j : mdr
mdrtie
tie = fdr ? pdm`gt 7 jittcg 1 tke 7 4:,<7> 1 7?=, 2=> < 4,=47,>>>
4> hkc` < jix 2 =7,?1>,>>>
j Qglgtdjcgs6 mdrrits , husbriihs, iekies, j 4 ieg bueorgo deo twgety-ak
twgety-akvg
vg
pgds, pitdtigs
= ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE : gklbt bueorgo deo ekegty-akvg
ekegty-akvg
d 4 suldr : sdct = sbippkel ? mgetrg = aiur tbiusdeo, akvg bueorgo
  ]edm`s6 jksmukts, mbimicdt
mbimicdtg,
g, mrksps, ? twgcvg tbiusdeo,
tbiusdeo, aiur bueorgo deo sgvgety
sdeowkmbgs, swggts
? CK]_GEKEL 7 tbkrty-tbrgg tbiusdeo,
tbiusdeo, ekeg bueorgo
  Arukt6 jdededs, irdelgs, pkegdppc
pkegdppcg,g, d 4 rkmg : pgds = glls ? mbggsg 7 jksmukts deo tbkrty
strdwjgrrkgs 1 akvg bueorgo
bueorgo deo sgvgety-akvg tbiusdeo,
j 4 gegrly : vktdh
vktdhkes
kes = lriw ? tggtb
= ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE 7 iemg, twkmg < skx
skx bueorgo
hkcckie, twi bueorgo deo akaty tbiusdeo
d 4 jrgd`adst : kmg mrgdh = gdt 2 tbkrty-aiur hkcckie, gklbt bueorgo
tbiusdeo, twi bueorgo deo skxty-akvg
? ZGDOKEL
d 4 Zidst mdhgc : Kmg cicckgs = Mimieut wdtgr = ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE
j 4 _ :A =_ ?_ 7A 1A d /k0/ mbgdpgr, gdskgr /I0/ sbirtgr, tdccgr
/=0/ okr tkgr, wirsg /g/ bgdctbkgr
/NW/ micogr, sciwgr /dK/ orkgr, bklbgr
7 CK]_GEKEL
d ]pgd`gr 4 jgga ]pgd`gr : mbkm`ge m 4 D pgemkc ks mbgdpgr tbde d pge.
]pgd`gr = aksb ]pgd`gr ? pir` : Fueg ks sbirtgr tbde Fucy.
= _bg `ktmbge ks okrtkgr tbde tbg
tbg ckvkel riih.
riih.
j 4 O :M =D ?J ? De dppcg ks bgdctbkgr tbde
tbde d jksmukt.
7 ]wktzgrcdeo ks micogr tbde Ardemg.
1 Gvgrgst ks bklbgr
bklbgr tbde @kckhdefdri.

? ZGDOKEL
d 4A :_ =A ?_

7 CK]_GEKEL
  :A =_ ?A 7_ 1_

^rdmtkmdc Gelcksb Dt d rgstdurdet

4 QIMDJWCDZ[ DEO ZGDOKEL

d 4 Lrkc cgo vglgtdjcgs wktb ciw-adt mbggsg
Lrkccgo
: Husbriih rksitti wktb pdrhgsde mbggsg
= ygs
? twi
7 ei

: IZOGZKEL D HGDC
  : tdjcg = wdy ? irogr 7 K‛o 1 ck`g
< ]ihg 2 ]tkcc
= ]IMKDC GELCK]B
  :d =g ?a 7j 1o
44
 GA=g GCGH \J @gy Jii`cgt.keoo 44 :?/>7/:>4: >;677

 4>D  4>J  4>M

4 LZDHHDZ 4 LZDHHDZ 4 LZDHHDZ
d Mihpdrdtkvgs6 bklbgr, hirg gxpgeskvg, d : Bg kse‛t likel
likel ti stdy ke d bitgc. d : ]bg‛s likel ti mbdelg = Bg‛s likel ti juy
orkgr, hirg odelgrius, bittgr, hirg = _bgy‛rg likel ti sbiw hg tbg mkty. ? ]bg‛s
]bg‛s likel ti bdvg 7 Bg‛s likel
likel ti ckstge
jgdutkauc, hirg k etgrgstkel, jgttgr, wirsg ? \g‛rg likel ti bdvg d liio tkhg. 1 ]bg‛s
]bg‛s likel ti rgdo < ]bg‛s
]bg‛s likel ti td`g
  ]upgrcdtkvgs6 tbg bklbgst, tbg hist 7 \bge ks sbg likel ti li bihg9
bihg9 2 Bg‛s likel ti cisg
gxpgeskvg, tbg orkgst, tbg hist odelgrius, 1 K‛h eit likel ti sgg tbg sklbts. j : J =D ?J 7J 1J <D 2D
tbg bittgst, tbg hist jgdutkauc, tbg hist j : ‛rg likel ti sbiw
ketgrgstkel, tbg jgst, tbg wirst = ‛rg likel ti bdvg : QIMDJWCDZ[
? Drg yiu likel ti stdy
j :
= \bdt
\bdt ‛s
‛s tbg
tbg jkllgst imgde keketbg
cdrlgst miuetry wirco9
tbg wirco9 7 ‛rg eit likel ti vkskt   :
< hggt
jgmihg= trdvgc
2 lgt ?; lgt
lgt 74>bdvg
hivg1 adcc
? \bdt ‛s tbg hist pipucdtgo mkty ke 1 Drg tbgy likel ti sgg
tbg wirco9 < ‛s likel ti hggt = ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE
7 \bdt ‛s tbg wgttgst pcdmg ke tbg wirco9
wirco9 2 ‛s eit likel
likel ti li
d = ✝  ? ✝  7 ✜  1 ✜
1 \bdt ‛s tbg orkgst ogsgrt ke tbg wirco9 m : ‛h likel ti trdvgc
< \bdt ‛s tbg hist
hist mihhie edtkvg = drg yiu likel ti stdy ? ZGDOKEL
cdeludlg ke tbg wirco9 ? ‛h eit
eit likel
likel ti scggp
d D= J? M: O4
2 \bdt ‛s tbg micogst pcdmg ke tbg wirco9 7 Drg yiu likel ti trdvgc
1 ‛s likel ti orkvg j 4 A :_ = _ ? A
m :j =m ?j 7d 1m <d 2m
< ‛rg likel ti
ti spgeo
: QIMDJWCDZ[ 2 ‛rg likel ti odemg 7 CK]_GEKEL
; ‛h likel ti hggt d ei
d : drt ldccgr
ldccgryy = rdkcwdy stdtkie ? pist iaakmg 4> drg yiu likel ti vkskt j 4 _ :_ =A ?_ 7A 1A
7 pickmg stdtkie 1 ogpdrthget stirg 44 drg likel ti sbiw
< mdr pdr` 2 tiwe bdcc 4: ‛h likel
likel ti bdvg
j 4 hisqug : husguh = bispktdc
? tbgdtrg 7 jrkolg 1 mbghkst ‛s < squdrg : QIMDJWCDZ[
2 mburmb ; hdr`gt 4> tghpcg 44 mdstcg d LI6 jy trdk e, air d wgg`,
wgg`, ie bickody
_bg bkooge wiros ks supgr hdr`gt . BDQG6 d liio tkhg, ekmg hgdcs
]GG6 tbg sklbts, sihgjioy
? CK]_GEKEL ]BI\6 sihgjioy driueo yiur tiwe
d ]upgrcdtkvg ]klbts ]_D[6 air d wgg` ke d bitgc, wktb d arkgeo
j 4 cdrlgst : =.1 = Qgegzugcd ? 2:2 j : stdy = sbiw ? sgg 7 bdvg 1 li
7 1>> 1 Hismiw < ?>> < stdy 2 stdy ; bdvg 4> li

7 ZGDOKEL = ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE
d 4A :_ =A ?_ 7A 1A   4 Biw, likel, lgt : wbgrg, likel, stdy
= likel, stdy,
stdy, wgg` ? likel, sklbts
7 drge‛t, li, mdr 1 eit, stdy, bitgc

? CK]_GEKEL
d ieg
j ]pgd`gr 4 M, ]pgd`gr : O, ]pgd`gr = J,
]pgd`gr ? D

7 ZGDOKEL
  4Q :Q =D ?Z 7B

4:
 GA=g GCGH \J @gy Jii`cgt.keoo 4: :?/>7/:>4: >;677

 44D  44J  44M

4 LZDHHDZ 4 LZDHHDZ 4 LZDHHDZ
d : mdrgauccy = picktgcy ? wgcc 7 bdro d : ti rkog = ti spgeo ? ti stip 7 ti vkskt d : K‛h de gelkeggr. = Ke tbg arkolg.
1 bgdctbkcy < jgdutkauccy 1 ti oiwecido < ti mii` 2 ti jgmihg ? De kogetkty mdro. 7 _wkmg d wgg`.
j : rgdccy = gdsy ? qukm`cy 7 qukgt j : \iuco yiu ck`g ti mckhj d hiuetdke 9 1 K ck`g oils. < Jy trdke. 2 Ie tbg ketgregt.
1 kemrgo kjcg < jdo 2 sciwcy ; wgcc = \g‛
\g‛o o ck`g ti lgt up gdrckg
gdrckgr.
r. j : ” = ” ? ” 7 ” 1 ” < ” 2 ” ; tbg
4> uebgdct bkcy 44 rgdc
rgdccy
cy ? K‛o ck`g ti cgdre ti acy d pcdeg. 4> ” 44 tbg 4: de 4= d 4? D 47 ”
7 ]bg wiucoe‛t
wiucoe‛t ck`g ti hd`g d sbirt
sbirt akch .
: QIMDJWCDZ[
: QIMDJWCDZ[ 1 \iuco tbgy ck`g ti ti lgt
lgt hdrrkgo9
  : s`ypg = ieckeg ? cil ke 7 oiwecido
  :
1 bdro
qukgtcy= bgdctbkcy ? pgragmtcy 7 gdskcy
< wgcc 2 kemrgokjcy : QIMDJWCDZ[ 1 dttdmb hget < sgdrmb air 2 liilcg
; upcido
  :l =b ?m 7d 1g <j 2o
= ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE = ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE
d 4 jgdutkauccy : mdrgauccy = mdsudccy = ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE
d 4 ghdkc, egtwir`, wgjsktg
? odelgriuscy 7 adsbkiedjcy 1 kemrgokjcy d 4 \iuco, ck`g, orkvg, spirts, [gs, civg, wby
: doorgss, ieckeg, rgsucts
< pgragmtcy 2 picktgcy ; uebgdctbkcy civg, mdrs, civg, orkvkel = oimuhget, ketgregt, usgredhg
  Dovgrjs 1, 2, deo ; drg eit strgssgo ie tbg : \i
\iuco,
uco, ck`g, rkog, birsg, Ei, wiucoe‛t,
wiucoe‛t, eit,
? dttdmb hget, mihputgr, okrgm tkies
akrst syccdjcg. oie‛t, birsgs.
= wdet, cgdre , mii` [gs, eggo, wby, wdet,
ckvg, iwe.
? ZGDOKEL
? ZGDOKEL d 4;;4
d 4M :O =D ?J
? CK]_GEKEL j : _bg Dhgrkm des ipgego de dlgemy ti
j 4 khprgsskies
khprgsskies : mucturg = gxpgmt d 4 juy d hitirjk`g : li ti Dustrd
Dustrdckd
ckd ogvgcip egw tgmbeicily.
? drmbktgmturg 7 dthispbgr
dthispbgrgg 1 bispktdckty = _bg dlgemy ogvgcipgo d egtwir` ti
= li ti d miemgrt
< simkdckzkel 2 adsmkedtkel mieegmt mihputgrs.
j 4 A :A =A ?_ 7A 1_ ? _bg egtwir` mbdelgo kts edhg ti tbgketgregt.
7 CK]_GEKEL 7 _kh Jgregrs-Cgg ogvgcipgo d egw
  4 Jgmdusg d cit ia pgipcg li ti tbg miuetry 1 ZGDOKEL mihputgr cdeludlg.
ti spgeo tkhg wktb tbgkr adhkckgs.   4[ :F =L ?@ 1 Jgregrs-Cgg deo d miccgdlug usgo tbg
: Weogr tbg strggt. egw cdeludlg ti wrktg d egw prilrdhhg.
= _bgy drg ckttcg sbips, deo iatge mbgdpgr. < _bgy put tbg egw cdeludlg ie tbg ketgregt.
? Jgairg wir`, dt tbg wgg`geo, ir 2 _bg \irco \kog \gj \gj hdog tbg ketgregt
sihgtkhgs ti bdvg juskegss hggtkels dvdkcdjcg ti dcc mihputgr usgrs.
7 trggs
1 d) agwgr tbde :7>,>>> 7 CK]_GEKEL
1 j) 47,>>> d ? usgs d simkdc egtwir`, 4 pcdys
pcdys ldhgs,
< Huskm, pdketkels,
pdketkels, ordwkels, jii`s,
jii`s, deo = oigs d fij, : tdc`s ti adhkcy deo arkgeos
tbgkr iwe mcitbgs. j ]pgd`gr 4 M, ]pgd`gr : O, ]pgd`gr = J,
]pgd`gr ? D

^rdmtkmdc Gelcksb Likel bihg

4 QIMDJWCDZ[
  : rde` = tkp ? mbgm` 7 ogpdrturg
1 ldtg < stdtkie 2 tkm`gt ; pcdtairh
4> midmb 44 stip 4: orkvgr

: LG__KEL _I _BG DKZ^IZ_

  : _i ]t ^demrds stdtkie.
= Eiw, pcgdsg.
? Biw humb ks kt9
7 Deo miuco K bdvg d rgmgkpt9
1 Miuco K bdvg d tkm`gt ti Cutie Dkr
Dkrpirt,
pirt,
pcgdsg9
< ]kelcg, pcgdsg.
2 ]tdeodro, pcgdsg.
; Mde K pdy jy mrgokt mdro9

= ]IMKDC GELCK]B
  :o =d ?a 7j 1m

? ZGDOKEL
j : jus / midmb = trdk
trdkee ? mdr 7 jk`g

4=
 GA=g GCGH \J @gy Jii`cgt.keoo 4= :?/>7/:>4: >;677

 4:D
4:D  4:J
4:J  4:M
4:M
4 LZDHHDZ 4 LZDHHDZ 4 LZDHHDZ
d : Fdhgs bdse‛t sgge tbks akch jgairg.
jgairg. d 4 wget : oko yiur jritbgr juy, pdko d : Bks acdt ks vgry jkl.
= _bgy‛vg lieg ti tbg mkeghd tieklbt. = Bdvg
Bdvg yiu
yiu hgt, hgt ? Bdvg yiu jgge, wget = K jiulbt
jiulbt d egw sbkrt.
? ]bg‛ss mrkgo ke d cit ia
]bg‛ ia akchs. 7 Bdvg yiur pdrgets gvgr lkvge, bdo ? ]bg‛s Zyde‛s lkrca rkgeo.
7 K‛vg jiulbt
jiulbt dcc tbg
tbg Bdrry ^ittgr
^ittgr akchs. 1 oko bg sgeo, ‛o airlittge 7 \g li ie bickody
bickody ke Dulust.
1 _bgy bdvge‛t td`ge dey pbitis. j : jgge = lieg ? lieg 7 jgge 1 lieg 1 ]bg‛s / ]bg ks dcwdys cdtg.
< Bg‛s ketgrv kgwgo d adhius dmtir. < jgge 2 jgge ; jgge 4> lieg < K mde‛t skel.
2 \g bdvge‛t dppgdrgo ke d ak akch.
ch. 2 K‛h wdktkel air
air bkh.
j = Hy pdrgets bdvg adccg
adccge
e dscggp. : ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE ; \g oie‛t hkeo mcgdekel.
? Dodh‛s dppgdrgo ke d akch. d /K/ sgge, /I6/ aiueo, /g/ bgdro, /Q/ lit, /gK/ rgdo, 4> _bgrg drge‛t hdey pcdets.
7 K bdvge‛t spi`ge ti de dmtir. /NW/ cist 44 _bgrg wgrg d cit iaia lugsts.
1 [iu‛vg
[i u‛vg jri`ge tbg mdhgrd. 4: _bgy oie‛t gdt humb suldr.
< Odwe bdse‛t
bdse‛t mrkgo ke d akch. = QIMDJWCDZ[ 4= K‛h icogr
icogr tbde yiu.
2 \g bdvge‛t airlittge tbg tkm`gts. 4? _bgy‛rg tbg hist odelgrius dekhdcs.
dekhdc s.
d ^dst skhpcg6 4 orde `, : aiueo, = ldvg, ? bdo,
m : ‛vg rgdo = bdvg yiu rgdo ? ‛vg rgdo 47 ]bg spgd`s Lgrhde wgcc.
7 bgdro, 1 `egw, < cist, 2 hdog, ; hgt, 4> pdko,
7 Bdvg yiu sgge 1 ‛s sgge < Bds bg rgdo 41 ]bg‛s de gelkeggr.
44 sget, 4: spget, 4= tbiulbt, 4? wie
2 ‛vg sgge j : td`gs = Oko, sgg ? ‛rg eit mihkel
  ^dst pdrtkmkpcg6 4 orue`, : aiueo, = lkvge,
7 Bdvg, jgge 1 Ks, likel
likel ti cgdre
? bdo, 7 bgdro, 1 `eiwe, < cist, 2 hdog, ; hgt,
: QIMDJWCDZ[ 4> pdko, 44 sget, 4: spget,
s pget, 4= tbiulbt, 4? wie
< oie‛t gdt 2 ‛rg likel ti sgg ; Bdvg, hgt
d ^dst skhpcg6 jri`g, oko, dtg, agcc, airlit,
airlit, 4> mii`go 44 ‛s likel ti rdke 4: oi, li
j : bdo = jiulbt ? spget 7 bgdro 4= pcdykel 4? okoe‛t wdc` 47 ks, oikel
wget, cgat, spi`g, sdel, tii`, wirg
1 hdog < aiueo 2 orue ` 41 ‛vg, rgdo
  ^dst pdrtkmkpcg6 jri`ge, oieg, gdtge, adccge,
airlittge, lieg, cgat, spi`ge, suel, td`ge, ? ZGDOKEL
wire : QIMDJWCDZ[
d Jgm`y deo Fideeg drg skstgrs.
skstgrs. d : Dskd = gxpgeskvg ? mii`gr 7 jritbgr
j : cgat = gdtge ? airlittge 7 wire
j : d jdccgt = tbg ]mbñejruee ^dcdmg 1 sprkel < `ktmbge 2 strdwjgrr
strdwjgrrkgs
kgs ; jrkolg
1 jri`ge < oieg 2 adccge
? d spd 7 tbg jgdmb 1 Ktdcy ir Lrggmg j :
1 tbkrty = \goegsody
tbrgg tkhgs < wketgr ?2tbkro
Dulust7 gvgekel
; biur
= ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE 7 CK]_GEKEL 4> hietb
d rgdo, Hkccgeekuh, _rkcily,
_rkcily, Ei, bdvge‛
bdvge‛t,
t,
sgge, akchs9 [gs, bdvg, dcc d ]pgd`gr 46 @geyd, :>4>
:>4> m : oi = sdy ? bdvg 7 li 1 td`g < hd`g
]pgd`gr :6 Jrdzkc, :>>1 2 lgt ; bdvg 4> usg
? ZGDOKEL ]pgd`gr =6 Egw Vgdcdeo, :>44
d Ades prgagrrgo tbg geokel ke tbg jii`.
]pgd`gr ?6 _bdkcdeo, :>>1 = ^ZIEWEMKD_KIE
j 4 ]pgd`gr = : ]pgd`gr 4 = ]pgd`gr ? d 4 okr
okrty
ty : jrgdo = sdag ? ody 7 hiegy
j 4 j :j =d ?j 7m
? ]pgd`gr : 1 aiueo < aiio 2 li ; tkrgo 4> gdt
7 CK]_GEKEL 44 sdko 4: rkel
d Mbdrcgs Okm`ges, Hkmbdgc Ieoddtfg m 4 bispktdc : gxpgeskvg = hdldzk
hdldzkeg
eg
? bgdopbi
bgdopbiegs
egs 7 dohkekstrdtir 1 gelkeggr
j : _ =_ ?A 7_ 1A <_ 2A
< Ktdckde 2 Dulust ; okaakmuct
; A 4> _
4> huskmkd
huskmkdee 44 ldrdlg 4: jdeded
jdededss

? ZGDOKEL
  4 ^gtgr Fdm`sie
: Egw Vgdcdeo
= Jgmdusg bg `egw tbdt tbg vdrkgty ia ia
okaagrget cdeosmdpgs hdog Egw Vgdcdeo
tbg jgst pcdmg ti sbiit tbg akchs.
? _bg vicmdekm rglkie ia Hiuet
Hiuet Zudpgbu.
7 47>
1 ]ihg iaia tbg cimdtkies wgrg Edtkiedc
^dr`s ir miesgrvdtkie sktgs, si ^gtgr
Fdm`sie eggogo ti lgt spgmkdc pgrhksskie
ti akch tbgrg.
< D spgmkdc tgdh oul up tbg pritgmtgo pcdets,
deo tii` tbgh ti spgmkdc eursgrkgs, wbgrg
tbgy ckvgo uetkc akchkel
akchk el akeksbgo.
2 D rdelg ia
ia okaagrget cimdtkies,
cimdtkies, kemcuokel
kemcuokel
Bijjktie, Hiuet Oiih, deo Goirds.

7 CK]_GEKEL
  : 1 p.h. = Cdeo Zivgr ? ]ueody
7 pkmekm 1 4=7 < ;?

4?
 GA=g GCGH \J @gy Jii`cgt.keoo 4? :?/>7/:>4: >;677
 
 GA=g GCGH \J @gy Jii`cgt.keoo 47 :?/>7/:>4: >;677
 
  

GELCK]B AKCG
tbg jgst
jgst wdy
 wdy ti lgt stuogets tdc`kel
Gelcksb Akcg tbkro goktkie lkvgs
goktkie lkvgs yiu hitkvdtkel,
hitkvdtkel,  gefiydjcg
cgssies tbdt
cgssies  tbdt wir`.
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