Urdu hindu controversy 1867

 After the establishment of drul uloomm.

 Mughal army was based on many language ( mughal shah jahan reign) then urdu developed
 Britian gave status of government language
 Controversy: hindu sked to announce sanskrit as national language instead of urdu
 Sir syed then concluded that hindu if did not tolerate muslim language how would they accept
muslims and lived togather.
 So he said that muslim and hindu are separate nations( two nation theory)

Nadwat ul ulema
 Established in lakhnow 1892, kanpur district, madarass fizul aam.
 They aparted both western and islamic education
 Started to work in 1994 moulana muhammad ali mongari ( founder)
 Aims: modern arabic thoughts, religious, politicals
 Called as nadawatians

Congress 1885

 Why it established: faults of britians

 Authourty was in hand of britians
 Retired AO hume established in 1885 to give a plateform to indians .
 A right to indian to ignore revolts like independence war
 Purpose: it was established for all minorities of india

Partition of bangal

 Bangal was largest area 60000 approxiamtely, 8 crore populations.

 It was difficult to manage administrativel.
 East +west bengal
 Hindu and congress gave reaction: because themuslim majority east bengal had sea coast, more
industries fell in the hand of muslims. They had fear that muslims will become independent .
 Then hindu and congress started a movement ( swedesi movement) . where they banned all the
imports , fabric ,cotton and other goods from britians.
 It lasted for 6 years but after britian has cancelled the decisions. because britians had trade loss
 Muslims found that hindu and britians at the same side.

Simla deputation

 Meeting with lord minto ( lord curzon) 1905

 Muslim were happy on bengal annulation and set a meeting with lord minto.
 Demands of muslims : 1. Separate seats in elections, assembly, court and universities
 Right of separate election.
 Lord minto agreed on demads because he found them right.
Formation of all india muslim league 1906 december 30

 As congress had failed to play any role for muslims well being
 Muslim had been divided in to parties.
 Founder agha kahn III
 Purpose: unity of muslim and britian rule, good relation with other nations,
 Muslim league has changed its meniifesto in 1913 that muslim league will also take part in
politics and power

Minto-morely reforms

 Accepted the muslim right for separate election.

 Legislative power has been increased
 This reforms was important for muslims
 Indians included in administrative councils

Laknow pact:

 Quaideazam has become ambessedor of muslim league unity by sarojini naido 1913
 Haterd had raisedbetween hindu and muslims
 First world war 1 started 1914-1918
 Masjid and mandir 1919 UP
 Britians wanted to unite both hindu nd muslims
 Aims: congress and muslim unity, self rule
 ghokaly leader of congress, was convinced that muslim are the power in india
 duke memorandum : how to bring self rule in india
 constituted committee by britians of 19 members
 calcutta in 1916
 quaid e azam was present between in both parties , and he was the bridge beteen both
 he was key to put lakhnow pact success
 provincial independence, protection of muslims in minority area and vice versa
 1/3 imperial legislative council must be muslim representatioon
 Governor council must me hindu in 50%, for provincial autonomy.