Republic of the Philippines

PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS

OFFICE OF THE VICE PRESIDENT FOR ACADEMIC AFFAIRS
INSTITUTE OF LIBERAL ARTS AND SCIENCES
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City Acc. No.:
M2700903PM

MODULE
IN
ART APPRECIATION

SOCIAL SCIENCE AREA

2020-2021

Prepared by: Norhana Sarip, LPT

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 ART APPRECIATION

COURSE LEARNING OUTCOME

CLO 1. Demonstrate an understanding and appreciation of arts in general,
including their function, value, and historical significance
CLO 2. Define and demonstrate the elements and principles of design
CLO 3. Explain and evaluate different theories of art
CLO 4. Discuss the contributions of the different art forms
CLO 5. Situate Philippines arts in a global context
CLO 6. Analyze and appraise works of art based on aesthetic value,
historical context, tradition and social relevance
CLO 7. Mount an art exhibit (concept development of an art form using the
technology of the internet)
CLO 8. Create their own works of art through blended learning
CLO 9. Utilize art for self-expression and for promoting advocacies
CLO 10. Deepen their sensitivity to self, community, and society
CLO 11. Discover and deepen their identity through art with respect to their
nationality, culture and religion
CLO 12. Develop an appreciation of the local arts

Course Learning Topic Learning Outcomes

Outcomes
CLO 1, CLO 10, CLO 1. Discuss the different Mediums of the Visual Arts.
11
CLO 1, CLO 5, CLO 11 2. Explain the Elements of the Visual Arts.
CLO 4, CLO 9 3. Describe the Organization of the Visual Arts.

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MIDTERM Learning Module 01: VISUAL ARTS
Scope: Midterm week 7 & 8

MLO 1 Discuss the different Mediums of the Visual Arts.

MLO 2 Explain the Elements of the Visual Arts.
MLO 3. Describe the Organization of the Visual Arts

Visual Arts: Outline of Topic

I. Visual Arts as a discipline
II. Define medium in Arts
a. Painting
i. Oil
ii. Acrylic
iii. Watercolor
iv. Tempera
v. Fresco
b. Sculpture
c. Figure Drawing
d. Tapestry
e. Photography
f. Digital Art
III. Top 5 Visual Art Filipino National Artists
IV. Application: Visual Art and Aviation

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VISUAL ARTS
The visual arts are art forms that create works that are primarily
visual in nature, such as ceramics, drawing, painting, sculpture,
printmaking, design, crafts, photography, video, film making and
architecture.

The visual arts are called such because, being composed in space,
they can be seen. Its appreciation is experienced through the eyes,
primarily, and through the sense of touch, particularly in sculpture.

The Philippine visual arts encompass a range of forms developed by

Filipinos in the Ethnic, Spanish, American, and contemporary
traditions. In ethnic communities, pottery, weaving, carving, and
metalcraft are made for ritual purposes or for everyday use.

Figure 1. Temptation of the Mind and Body

Key Terms

Medium in Art: In a fine art context, "art medium" refers to the art
materials or artist supplies used to create a work of art. Basically,
it's whatever you use to make a mark upon a surface.

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THE SIX MAIN FORM of VISUAL ARTS
1. Painting
The medium of painting is color. Color is applied on surfaces such as canvass,
cloth, wood, paper and the likes to produce images and meanings.
Pigment is that part of painting that provides the color, and pigment is taken from
organic sources like trees, vegetables and other natural elements.

Figure 2 Spolarium by Juan Luna. The painting was submitted by Luna to the
Exposición Nacional de Bellas Artes in 1884, where it garnered a gold medal
and considered a notable painting done by a Flipino Artist since 19t centure

Common medium in painting

OIL PAINT
Color pigments are ground and mixed with
linseed oil to produce a liquid-like
constituency whose viscosity (thickness or
fluidness) can be thinned by turpentine or
any other solvent.
It is a flexible medium. It is slow to dry, but
it can be applied by any kind and size of
airbrush.
Figure 3 Mona Lisa by Leonardo Da Vinci
(Oil)

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 ACRYLIC
This is the most common
medium, easily accessible and
inexpensive. It is versatile as this
synthetic paint may be mixed with
water to tamper thickness or
thinness.
In acrylic mediums, these
mixtures can be incorporated into
the pigment to lengthen its drying
time, make it thicker, or change the
texture
It is flexible and can be applied
to any space. It is quick to dry and
does not crack or turn yellow with
age.

Figure 4 Miss Sasha Colette (acrylic)

WATERCOLOR
Pigment in watercolor is mixed with water rather than with oil. It dries quickly,
hence, it is a difficult medium to control.
It is characterized by the transparency of its texture which is controlled by the
amount of water that the artist mixes with the paint.

Figure 5 Watercolor Painting

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TEMPERA
Pigments are taken from organic pigments
mixed with egg. It is usually applied on
wooden panels surfaced
with gesso (combination of gypsum and
gelatine). It dries quickly.
True tempera is made by mixture with
the yolk of fresh eggs, although manuscript
illuminators often used egg white and some
easel painters added the whole egg.

Figure 6Egg Tempera Painting by

Niccolo Semiticolo (tempera)

FRESCO
Fresco painting is produced when organic pigments are mixed with water and
applied to a damp plaster wall.

This allows water to seep into the surface and become a part of the wall and
remains so until the wall falls. This was the process that Michelangelo used in
painting the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in Rome

Figure 7The Sistine Chapel Ceiling by Michelangelo (fresco)

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 2. SCULPTURE
It is a 3-dimensional work of art made of
material like stone, metal, glass, wood,
bronze, clay, iron, steel, paper, metal,
marble, wood and even soap, chocolate,
butter, balloons, ice, snow and sand.
These are carved, assembled,
constructed, fired, welded, molded, or cast
and its final forms are often painted.

Figure 8 Aztec Stone Sculpture Art

Medium. Depending on objective of the sculptors, they use medium such

as bronze and stone (like marble, limestone and granite), precious materials
(like gold, silver, jade and ivory), hard wood (like narra, molave), glass,
terracotta, ceramics.

Figure 9 Ice Sculpture Figure 10. FranzXaverMesserschimdt

Figure 11 Metal Sculpture

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3. FIGURE DRAWING
Drawings are the outlined designs of paintings. It
is the most fundamental of the skills in the visual
arts and is the route artists take to acquire
technique.
It often sets the final designs in paintings, the
rough draft of a proposed work. The mediums
used in drawing are pencil, lead, ink, pastel, chalk,
charcoal, crayons and silverpoint.

4. TAPESTRY
Tapestries were the art forms of
royalty, as tapestry artists were usually
members of royal families who wove
these from expensive silk and gold
threads.
These were hung on walls of castles,
palaces and cathedrals. It is produced
by weaving two sets of interlaced
threads on a vertical loom: one set
running parallel to the length (called
the warp) and the other, width
(called weft).

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5. PHOTOGRAPHY
Photography (from the Greek 'phos' which means light and 'graphis' which
means representation by drawing) is the process of creating pictures using light
projected on a light-sensitive medium (the photographic film).
It is the art of recording light on a sensitive material called film made from thin,
transparent base coated with light sensitive chemical.
Photography requires the manipulation of a camera that captures images through
the reflection of light from a subject. The inventions of photography allowed
artists to faithfully "copy" images in the real world.
The art in photography does not solely reside on the camera, but on the skills
and techniques of photographer in controlling the tool. Some of the basic
concepts that a photographer needs to control:

1. Focus. The adjustment to place the

sharpest focus where it is desired on the
subject.
2. Exposure. The amount of light that
reaches the film.
3. Aperture. The aperture (or diaphragm)
is like the iris of our eyes that controls the
amount of light passing through the lens.
4. Shutter speed. It controls the time
during which the image is captured. The shutter
is the mechanical device in a camera that controls
the amount of time light is allowed to expose the film

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6. DIGITAL ART
Digital art is a term used to describe art that is made or presented using digital
technology.
The first use of the term digital art was in the early 1980s when computer
engineers devised a paint program which was used by the pioneering digital
artist Harold Cohen.
Digital art can be computer generated, scanned or drawn using a tablet and a
mouse. In the 1990s, thanks to improvements in digital technology, it was
possible to download video onto computers, allowing artists to manipulate the
images they had filmed with a video camera.
This gave artists a creative freedom never experienced before with film, allowing
them to cut and paste within moving images to create visual collages.

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 5 FILIPINO NATIONAL ARTISTS IN
VISUAL ARTS
FERNANDO AMORSOLO
The country had its first National
Artist in Fernando C. Amorsolo. The
official title “Grand Old Man of
Philippine Art” was bestowed on
Amorsolo when the Manila Hilton
inaugurated its art center on January
23, 1969, with an exhibit of a
selection of his works.
Amorsolo developed the
backlighting technique that became
his trademark were figures, a cluster
of leaves, a spill of hair, the swell of
breast, are seen aglow on canvas.
VICENTE MANANSALA
Vicente Manansala‘s paintings are
described as visions of reality
teetering on the edge of abstraction.
As a young boy, his talent was
revealed through the copies he made
of the Sagrada Familia and his
mother’s portrait that he copied from a
photograph.
He trained in Paris and at Otis
School of Drawing in Los Angeles.
Manansala believes that the beauty of
art is in the process, in the moment of
doing a particular painting, closely
associating it with the act of making
love. “The climax is just when it’s really
finished.”
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CARLOS “BOTONG” FRANCISCO
Carlos “Botong” Francisco, the
poet of Angono, single-handedly
revived the forgotten art of mural and
remained its most distinguished
practitioner for nearly three decades.
He was invariably linked with the
“modernist” artists, forming with
Victorio C. Edades and Galo Ocampo
what was then known in the local art
circles as “The Triumvirate”.
Botong’s unerring eye for
composition, the lush tropical sense
of color and abiding faith in the folk
values typified by the townspeople of
Angono became the hallmark of his
art.
NAPOLEON ABUEVA
At 46 then, Napoleon V.
Abueva, a native of Bohol, was the
youngest National Artist awardee.
Considered as the Father of Modern
Philippine Sculpture, Abueva helped
shape the local sculpture scene to
what it is now. He has utilized almost
all kinds of materials from hardwood
to adobe, metal, stainless steel,
cement, marble, bronze, iron,
alabaster, coral and brass.
Abueva put up a one-man show at
the Philippine Center, New York. His
works have been installed in different
museums here and abroad, such
as The Sculpture at the United
Nations headquarters in New York
City.
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 GUILLERMO TOLENTINO

Guillermo Estrella Tolentino is a

product of the Revival period in
Philippine art. Returning from Europe
(where he was enrolled at the Royal
Academy of Fine Arts, Rome) in
1925, he was appointed as professor
at the UP School of Fine Arts where
the idea also of executing a The presented national artists in Visual
monument for national heroes struck Arts are pre-selected based on the top
him. famous artists. For the complete list and
other category of national artists, you may
The result was the UP Oblation visit the link below:
that became the symbol of freedom at
https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-
the campus. Acknowledged as his profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines
masterpiece and completed in 1933,
The Bonifacio Monument in Caloocan
stands as an enduring symbol of the
Filipinos’ cry for freedom.
He also designed the gold and
bronze medals for the Ramon
Magsaysay Award and did the seal
of the Republic of the Philippines.

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Key Points
The visual arts are art forms that create works that are primarily visual in
nature, such as ceramics, drawing, painting, sculpture, printmaking, design,
crafts, photography, video, film making and architecture.
Medium in a fine art context, refers to the art materials or artist supplies used to
create a work of art.
There are six main form of Visual Arts; Painting, Sculpture, Figure Drawing,
Tapestry, Photography and Digital Art.
Although the architecture is also a form of Visual Art, however there is wide
discipline and of both science and art to comprehensively discuss the whole
discipline.
Painting has different forms of medium to express art; Oil. Acrylic, Watercolor,
Tempera and Fresco. However, art is by nature subjectively dynamic same as
the medium to use and express the artistic aspect of human and life. It
continues to grow and creatively demonstrated.

Enhancement activity: (20 pts)

After learning about different form visual arts and its
medium. In ten sentences, write and share your reasons on
how visual arts bring contribution to human and life? Could
you imagine a life without art and visual? Why or why not?

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FLEXIBLE OUTPUT: (100 pts)
Topic: Visual Art and Aviation

Activity: My Visual of Aviation Art

Objective: To make a visual art with a context of Aviation

symbolism

1. Think and choose one or more medium of visual art to

represent your fond in Aviation.
2. The thought of your art must be (choose only one):
 The Physics behind Aviation
 My aspirations for Aviation
 Recent challenges in Philippines Aviation industry
 Why Aeronautical Engineering?
3. In a legal size paper, scanned or upload a picture of your art
and save as PNG/JPEG.
4. In the same enhancement activity file, include a caption of
your visual art explaining the intent message of your art.
5. Take note the given standard format and save the file as:
SURNAME_M4
6. For aviation art reference, you may get an idea in the link
below:

https://fineartamerica.com/art/commercial+aviation

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REFERENCE:

BLANCO, F. (1970, January 01). Lesson 7 : The Visual Arts. Retrieved November, 2020, from
http://scchumanities.blogspot.com/2010/06/lesson-three-visual-arts.html

Order of National Artists. (2019, September 07). Retrieved November, 2020, from
https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-profile/national-artists-of-the-
philippines/?fbclid=IwAR3TXAEVOebtNxdAlcLpA1DPlwZuxzFXyQ34qJweuulrabAFF7
7HrVuxGP4

Tate. (n.d.). Digital art – Art Term. Retrieved November, 2020, from
https://www.tate.org.uk/art/art-terms/d/digital-art

FineArtAmerica.com. (n.d.). Retrieved November, 2020, from https://fineartamerica.com/

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