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XI - Maths - Chapter 13 - APP OF DERIVATIVES (24-39)
XI - Maths - Chapter 13 - APP OF DERIVATIVES (24-39)
XI - Maths - Chapter 13 - APP OF DERIVATIVES (24-39)
2. Two curves C1 : y = x2 – 3 and C2 : y = kx2
x Î (2, 4)
, k R intersect each other at two different
C) g (x) > f (x) " x Î (2, 4)
points. The tangent drawn to C2 at one of D) g ' (x) = 4 f ' (x) for at least one x Î (2, 4)
the points of intersection A (a,y1) , 7. A horse runs along a circle with a speed of
(a > 0) meets C1 again at B(1,y2) y1 y 2 . 20 km/hr . A lantern is at the centre of the
The value of ‘a’ is circle . A fence is along the tangent to the
A) 4 B) 3 C) 2 D) 1 circle at the point at which the horse starts
3. A rectangle with one side lying along the . The speed with which the shadow of the
x-axis is to be inscribed in the closed region horse move along the fence at the moment
of the xy plane bounded by the lines y = 0, when it covers 1/8 of the circle in km/hr
y = 3x, and y = 30 – 2x. The largest area of is
such a rectangle is A) 20 B)40 C) 30 D) 60
8. Give the correct order of initials T or F for
135 135
A) B) 45 C) D) 90 following statements. Use T if statement
8 2 is true and F if it is false.
4. Which of the following statement is true Statement-1: If f : R ® R and c Î R is
for the function such that f is increasing in (c – d, c) and f is
decreasing in (c, c + d) then f has a local
x x 1 maximum at c. Where d is a sufficiently
small positive quantity.
3
f (x ) x 0 x 1 Statement-2 : Let f : (a, b) ® R, c Î (a, b).
Then f can not have both a local maximum
3
x 4x x 0 and a point of inflection at x = c.
3 Statement-3 : The function f (x) = x2 | x | is
twice differentiable at x = 0.
A) It is monotonic increasing x R Statement-4 : Let f : [c – 1, c + 1] ® [a, b]
24 Narayana Junior Colleges
APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES JEE ADVANCED - VOL - III
be bijective map such that f is
differentiable at c then f –1 is also x2 x 2
< 0, then 'a' must lie in the
differentiable at f (c). x 2 5x 6
A) FFTF B) TTFT C) FTTF D) TTTF interval
9. Let f : [–1, 2] ® R be differentiable such
that 0 £ f ' (t) £ 1 for t Î [–1, 0] and
A) 3 3, 3 3
–1£f'(t)£0 t Î [0, 2]. Then
B) 2 3, 3 3
A) – 2 £ f (2) – f (–1) £ 1
B) 1 £ f (2) – f (–1) £ 2
C) 2 3, 3 3
C) – 3 £ f (2) – f (–1) £ 0
D) – 2 £ f (2) – f (–1) £ 0
D) 3 3, 2 3 2 3, 3 3
2
t 3x x 14. The radius of a right circular cylinder
10. If the function f (x) = , where
x4 increases at a constant rate. Its altitude is
't' is a parameter has a minimum and a a linear function of the radius and increases
maximum then the range of values of 't' is three times as fast as radius. When the
A) (0, 4) B) (0, ¥) C) (– ¥, 4) D) (4, ¥) radius is 1cm the altitude is 6 cm. When
x
t 2 the radius is 6cm, the volume is increasing
11. The function S(x) = sin dt has two
at the rate of 1Cu cm/sec. When the radius
2
0 is 36cm, the volume is increasing at a rate
critical points in the interval [1, 2.4]. One of n cu. cm/sec. The value of 'n' is equal to
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of the critical points is a local minimum and A) 12 B) 22 C) 30 D) 33
the other is a local maximum. The local 15. Consider f (x) = | 1 – x | 1 £ x £ 2
minimum occurs at x =
and g (x) = f (x) + b sin x, 1 < x < 2
A) 1 B) 2 C) 2 D) 2
2 then which of the following is correct?
12. Read the following mathematical A) Rolles theorem is applicable to both f, g
statements carefully: 3
I. Adifferentiable function ' f ' with and b =
2
maximum at x = c Þ f ''(c) < 0. B) LMVT is not applicable to f and Rolles
II. Antiderivative of a periodic function is 1
also a periodic function. theorem if applicable to g with b =
2
III. If f has a period T then for any a Î R.
C) LMVT is applicable to f and Rolles theorem
T T
is applicable to g with b = 1
f (x ) dx = f ( x a ) dx D) Rolles theorem is not applicable to both f,
0 0
g for any real b.
IV. If f (x) has a maxima at x = c , then
16. Given that f (x) is continuously
'f ' is increasing in (c – h, c) and decreasing
differentiable on a £ x £ b where a < b, f
in (c, c + h) as h ® 0 for h > 0.
(a) < 0 and f (b) > 0, which of the following
Now indicate the correct alternative.
are always true?
A) exactly one statement is correct.
(i) f (x) is bounded on a £ x £ b.
B) exactly two statements are correct.
(ii) The equation f (x) = 0 has at least one
C) exactly three statements are correct.
solution in a < x < b.
D) All the four statements are correct.
(iii) The maximum and minimum values of
13. If the point of minima of the function,
f (x) on a £ x £ b occur at points where f '
f(x) = 1 + a2x – x3 satisfy the inequality
(c) = 0.
semicircle. The semicircular portion is 0 0
fitted with coloured glass while the decreases as b a increases.
rectangular part is fitted with clear glass.
transmits three times as much light per 26. Let A p 2 , p , B q 2 , q , C r 2 , r be the
square meter as the coloured glass does. vertices of the triangle ABC. A parallelo-
What is the ratio for the sides of the gram AFDE is drawn with D, E and F on
rectangle so that the window transmits the the line segments BC, CA and AB respec-
maximum light? (1991-4M) tively. Using calculus show that the maxi-
19. Determine the points of maxima and minima mum area of such a parallelogram is
1 1
of the function f(x) = ln x – bx + x2, x > 0,
8
p q q r p r .
4
where b ³ 0 is a constant. 27. A point P is given on the circumference of
20. Let –1 £ p £ 1. Show that the equation
a circle of radius r. Chords QR are parallel
4x3 – 3x – p = 0 has a unique root in the
interval [1/2, 1] and identify it. (2001-5M) to the tangent at P. Determine the maxi-
21. Using Rolle’s theorem, prove that there is mum possible area of the traingle PQR.
at least one root in (451/100, 46) of the 28. Suppose f(x) is a function satisfying the
following conditions
polynomial
P(x) = 51x101 – 2323 (x)100 – 45x + 1035. a. f 0 2, f 1 1
(2004-2M)
5
22. 2
If |f(x1) – f(x2)| (x1 – x2) , for all x1, x2 ÎR. b. f has a minimum value at x
2
Find the equation of tangent to the curve
c. for all x,
y = f(x) at the point (1, 2). (2005-2M)
23. If p(x) be a polynomial of degree 3 satisfying
26 Narayana Junior Colleges
APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES JEE ADVANCED - VOL - III
Find time when car and runner are
km. closest.
31. A swimmer S is in the sea at a distance d 39. Jane is 2 miles of shore in a boat and
km from the closest point A. The house wishes to reach a costal village 6mi down
of the swimmer is on the shore at a a straight line shoreline from the point
distance of L km from A. He can swim at nearest the boat. she can row 2mph and
a speed of u km/hr and walk at v km/hr. can walk 5mph, where should she land
At what point on the shore he should land her boat to reach the village in least
so he reaches houses in shortest time. amount of time.
32. Tangent to curve y x x3 at P meets 40. Minimum value of
curve again at Q. Locus at point of f x x 2 2 x 2 x
trisection. (other than point on y-axis) SUPLEMENTARY MATERAL
33. 2
Consider curve 5 x 8 xy 5 y 4 2 KEY
locate points on curve whose distance SINGLE CORRECT ANSWER
from origin is maxima & minima 1) A 2) B 3) C 4) C 5) D
6) D 7) B 8) A 9) A 10) C
34. Find polynomial function f x of 11) C 12) A 13) B 14) D 15) C
degree 6 which satisfy 16) D 17) D
SUBJECTIVE TYPE
1/ x
f x 18. 6+ :6
lim 1 3 e2
x 0 x 1
& has local maxima at x 1 & local min
19. min at x =
4
b b2 1 ,
at x 0 and 2. 1
20. cos( cos1 p)
35. Among all regular square pyramids of 3
4 a2 3
Substituting k = from (1) in (2) we
29) sq. units a2
3 3
HINTS 2a (a 2 3)
get 1 a Þ 2a2 – 6 = a + a2
SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL a2
SINGLE CORRECT ANSWER Þ a2 – a – 6 = 0 Þ a = +3 , a = – 2
(rejected)
1. Let tan x = t 3.
n
t
Þ f (x) = =
1 t .... t 4 .... t 2n
1
n 1 n 1 1 1
t n t n 1 ....... t 1
t t t A = (x2 – x1)y
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Derivable x R – {0,1} –
1
dt dt dt
0 £ f (0) – f (–1) £ 1 ....(1)
dr now, –1 £ f ' (t) £ 0 t Î [0, 2]
(r = constant, = 0)
dt 2
dh –2 £ f ' (t ) dt £ 0
hence, 100 = pr2 0
dt
–2 £ f (2) – f (0) £ 0 ....(2)
225 dh 15
100 = p · · (r = cm) (1) + (2)
4 dt 2 –2 £ f (2) – f (–1) £ 1
dh 400 16 Alternatively : use LMVT once in [– 1, 0] and
= = cm/min then in [0, 2]
dt 225 9
6. Consider h (x) = g (x) – 4 f (x), in [2, 4] t 3x x 2
also h (2) = g (2) – 4 f (2) = – 32; h (4) = – 32 10. f (x) = ;
x4
Þ h ' (x) = 0 for atleast one x Î (2, 4) using
Rolle's theorem ( x 4)(3 2 x ) ( t 3x x 2 )
7. f ' (x) =
( x 4) 2
for maximum or minimum, f ' (x) = 0
– 2x2 + 11x – 12 – t – 3x + x2 = 0
– x2 + 8x – (12 + t) = 0
for one M and m,
D>0
64 – 4(12 + t) > 0
tan q = x/r Þ x = r tan q
16 – 12 – t > 0 Þ 4 > t or t<4
Þ dx/dt = r sec2 q (dq/dt) = r w sec2q = v sec2q
where q = p/8, dx/dt = v sec2(p/4) =
2 v = 40 km/hr ; q = 45º
Narayana Junior Colleges 29
JEE ADVANCED - VOL - III APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES
x x 2
This has a maxima at x = 0 however this
t 2
11. S(x) = sin sin does not satisfy conditions stated in the problem
2 dt ;S ' (x) = 2 =0
0 Þ False
x 2 a a
= np Þ x2 = 2n 13. f ¢ (x) = 0 Þ x = or –
2 3 3
(1 £ x2 £ 5.76 as is given) f ¢¢ (x) = –6x
hence n = 1 or 2 a
Case I if a > 0 Þ x = – is minima
x 2 3
x= or x = 2 ; S''(x) = cos
2 2 . px a
Case II if a < 0 Þ x = is minima
3
S''( 2 ) < 0 and S''(2) > 0 a a
Þ minima at x = 2 put x = and then x = – in the given
3 3
12. I. consider the function f (x) = - x4 , inequality to get the result
f ¢ (x) = - 4 x3 & f ¢¢ (x) = - 12 x2. 14.
Here f (x) has a maxima at x = 0 but
f ¢¢ (0) = 0 Þ False.
II. f (x) = cos x + 1 is periodic with period 2p
but (cos x 1) dx = sin x + x is not periodic.
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T
III. f ( x a ) dx , let x + a = y ;
0
dr
a T 0 T a T c and h = ar + b ;
dt
f ( y) dy = f ( y) dy + f ( y) dy + f ( y) dy dh dr
a a 0 T
also =3 (given)
a T dt dt
consider f ( y) dy ; y=T+v dr
a 3
dr
T \ Þ a=3
dt dt
a a
hence h = 3r + b
f (v T) dv = f (v) dv . when r = 1 ; h = 6 Þ 6=3+b
0 0
Þ b=3
T T \ h = 3 (r + 1)
Hence f ( x ) dx = f ( x a ) dx Þ True. V = p r h = 3p r2(r +1) = 3p (r3 + r2)
2
0 0
dV dr
IV. = 3p (3r2 + 2r)
dt dt
dV
where r = 6 ; = 1 cc/sec
dt
dr dr
\ 1 = 3p (108 + 12) Þ 360 p =1
dt dt
x if x0 dV
again when r = 36 , =n
f (x) = 1 if x0 dt
x if x0
16. (i) This statement is true, every continuous 19. f(x) is a differentiable function for x > 0.
function is bounded on a closed interval Therefore, for maximum or minima
(ii) True again, by Intermediate Value Theorem f (x) 0 must satisfy..
(iii) Not true, because maximum and / or
minimum values could also occur at a or b, 1
We have f(x) = ln x bx x 2 , x 0
without the derivatives being 0. 8
(iv) True. By the Mean Value Theorem there
1 1
exist a point between a and b where the f (x) . b 2x for f (x) 0
8 x
f ( b) f (a ) 2
derivative is exactly , a clearly (4x - b) = (b - 1) (b + 1), {b 0 (given)}
ba
Case I: 0 b < 1, (1) has no solution.
positive value.
Since R.H.S. is negative in this domain and
(v) Not always true, for example the function
L.H.S. is positive
might be strictly increasing guarenteeing the
derivative to be always positive. 1
Case II: b = 1, x = is the only solution.
Thus the true statements are (i), (ii) and (iv) 4
and the correct answer is (D) when b = 1
17. The derivative of a degree 3 polynomial is a
2
quadratic. This must have either 0, 1 or 2 roots. 1 2 1 1 2 1
f (x) 1 2x x2 x x
If this has precisely one root, then this must be 8x x 2 16 x 4
repeated.
f (x) has no change of sign in left and right of
Hence we have f ' (x) = m(x – a)2, where a is
repeated root and m Î R. So our original x = 1/4.
function f has a critical point at x = a. Case III. b > 1, then
Also f ''(x) = 2m(x–a), in which case 1 2
f (x) = b 2x = (x ) (x )
f ''(a) = 0. But we are told that the 2nd 8x x
derivative is non zero at critical point. Hence
Narayana Junior Colleges 31
JEE ADVANCED - VOL - III APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES
d d ( a
24. Let, g(x) = [f(x) . f (x)] 0
dx d b a
to get the zero of g(x) we take function
h(x) = f(x). f (x) a as b a increases
between any two roots of h(x) there lies at 26.
least one root of h (x) 0
g(x) = 0 h(x) = 0 f(x) = 0 or
f (x) 0
If f(x) = 0 has 4 minimum solutions.
f (x) 0 has 3 minimum solutions.
h(x) = 0 has 7 minimum solutions.
h (x) = g(x) = 0 has 6 minimum solutions.
25. given a b 4
b a 4 a a 4 2a from similar s FBD and ABC,
a b cx y b
or y c x
g x dx g x dx c b c
0 0
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Z Area of AFDE =
a 4 a
b sin A
g x dx g x dx xy sin A
c
cx x 2 (1)
0 0 0<x<c
a 4a dZ b sin A c
c 2x 0 x
Let f x g x dx g x dx dx c 2
0 0
d 2Z 2
f ' x g a g 4 a 2 b sin A 0
dx x c / 2 c
dg x Z has maxima as the only extrema, so the
Since 0 g x is function greatest area of parallelogram AFDE.
dx
a b 4 and a 2 , a 4 a b c2 1
sin A ABC
c 4 2
d ( a
g a g 4 a , 0
da p2 p 1
1 1
q2 q 1
d ( a d b a 2 2 2
0 r r 1
d b a da
R2 R2 R1 , R3 R3 R1
d ( a
2 0
d b a
p2
1
p 1 cos 0 / 2
3
q2 p2 q p 0
4 2
r p2 r p 0 d2A 3 3
when , 2
ve
3 d 2
1
= q p q r p r
4 A is max. when , the only critical
3
27.
point. Thus, max. (greatest) area
1 2 1
A r2 2sin sin 3 3 r2
2 3 3 4
28. Applying R3 R3 R1 2 R2
4
Amax
3 3
R
30.
dD 1 900 500
x 500 0.4 1.5
dx 300 x x
P S T Q
5 900 750
1 0.4 0
3 x2 x2
2 900 750
3 2 1 2
x x
x 2 y 2 1 ......(1) , Q 1,0
2 2
Let radius O is variable circle be r .
3
x 900 750
x 12 y 2 r 2 .......(2) 2 x 2 1800 2250
Subsitute (2) from (1)
2 x 2 4050 x 2 2025
1 r2 x 45 kmph
2x 1 1 r2 , x OT
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2 31.
2 S
r
RT OR OT 2 2 1 1
2 u
d
l x
1
area of QSR is A QS .RT ,
2 A P B
1
A2
4
QS 2 RT 2 l
2
sp d 2 x 2
1 r
A2 r 2 r 2 Lx
4 4
t1 a 2 x 2 t2
v
1 2
A2
16
r 4r 4 r 6 T
d 2 x2 L x
u v
2
d A 1 2
dr
16
16r 3 6r 5 0 , r 2
3 dT
x
1
dx u d 2 x 2 v
1
d 2 A2 16
dt 2 16
48r 2 30r 4 0
3
dT
dx
0, v 2 x 2 u 2 d 2 u 2 x 2
ud 5r 2 4r 2 sin 2 4
x
v2 u 2 4
r2
5 4sin
32. y x x3 y ' 1 3x2
2 4
equation of tangent p x1, y1 2
rmax 4 rmin
9
y y1 1 3 x12 x x1 rmax 2 rmin
2
3
meet curve again at x2 , y2
clearly r is max for sin 2 1 / 4
x2 x33 x1 x13 1 3 x12 x2 x1 min for 3 / 4
x2 x1 1 x22 x1x2 x12 2 3 2 3
2cos , 2sin and cos , sin
4 4 3 4 3 4
x2 x1 1 3 x12
2 2
x22 x1x2 2 x12 0
2, 2
,
3 3
max min
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2
x1 9 x12 x1 3 x1
x2 2 4 , x2 2 2 34.
f x a0 x6 a1x5 a2 x 4 a3 x3 a4 x 2
x1 x2 (not possible) x2 2 x1
a5 x a6
3
Q is 2 x1, 2 x1 8 x1 f x
a0 x3 a1x 2 a2 x a3
L1 , point of trisection of PQ x 3
2 x1 2 x1 a a a
0 hence L1 lies on y-axis 4 52 63
3 x x x
L2 h, k is other point 1/ x
f x
lim 1 3 e2
x 4 x1 y 4 x1 16 x13 x 0 x
h 1 x1 , k 1
3 3
1 f x
lim log 1
x x3 4 x1 16 x13 e x 0
x x3 e2
k 1 1 x1 5 x13
3
1 f x
y x 5 x3 lim log 1 3 2
x 0 x x
33. Let p r cos , r sin
a a a
1 a0 x 3 a1 x 2 a 2 x a3 4 52 63
x x x 2
lim log
5r 2 cos 2 8r 2 sin 2 cos 5r 2 sin 2 4 x 0 x
Lt is at a3 a4 a5 a0 0 2
4 108 2
f x a0 x 6 a1x5 a2 x 4 s x 4 x2 2
x
lim
log 1 a0 x3 a1x 2 a2 x 2 8 108
2
4
x 0 x s x x
x2
44
f x a0 x 6 a1x 5 2 2
4 8 108
Let f x x
f ' x 6a0 x5 5a1x 4 8 x3 x2
f ' 0 0 , f ' 2 0 , f ' 0 2
3 16 108
f ' x 4 x 0
f ' 0 0 a0 , a1 have any real value x 3
3 5
distinct value of x if t0 2 .
2 12
f x x 6 x5 2 x 4 Thus, we need to find conditions in t we
3 5
have 3 real and distinct roots.
35. Let Length of the side of base be x cm and
y be the perpendicular height of the pyramid f t 2t 3 9t 2 30 a
slant height be l .
f ' t 6t 2 18t 0 t 0,3
1
Volume (base area) height f t 0 has 3 real & distinct root if
3
1 108 2 f 0 . f 3 0
v x 2 y 36 2 (given) , y
3 x2 30 a 54 81 30 a 0
1 30 a 3 a 0
Surface area (perimeter of base)
2 a 3,30
1
slant height 4n l none of roots should lie in 2, 2
2
f 2 0 f 2 0
x2
From ERG, l y2 16 36 30 a 0 16 36 30 a 0
4
a 22 0 a 10 0
2 a 22 a 10
x
s 2x y 2 x4 4 x2 y 2 a 22
4
g x 2 x3 24 x d s s
T t1 t2 1 2
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2 5
g 2 0 16 48 d 0 d 32
2
g 2 0 16 48 d 0 d 32 s1 , s2 6 2 tan
cos
a 2 , b 0 , c 24 , d 32
38. 1 6 2 tan
T
cos 5
Q
50 2
60 0 T ' sec tan sec2 0
5
O 80 0 20t
p A
sec tan 2 / 5sec
After t sec
So AP 20t OQ 5t sin 2
OP 800 20t cos 5cos
In OPQ
21
2 2 2 sin 2 / 5,cos
PQ OP OQ 20 POQ cos60 5
2 2
800 20t 25t 2 2 800 20t 5t 1/ 2 2 tan 2 4
21 21
2
800 20t 25t 2 5 800t 20t
k 4
21 miles
2 2
f t PQ 800 20t 25t 5 800t 20 t 2
2
40. Case - I :- x 2
f t 2 800 20t 20 50t
f x x 2 2 x 2 x
x 2 2x 4 x x 6 x
x 6 x 2 x 6
Case - II :- 2 x 0
f x x 2 2 x 2 x
3x 2 x 4 x 2
Case - III :- 0 x 2
f x x 2 2 x 2 x
3x 2 x
3 x 2 x, a x 2 / 3
2
3 x 2 x, x2
3
2 x 2, 0 x 2 / 3
f x 2
4 x 2, x2
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3
Case - IV :- f x x 2 2 x 2 x
x 6 x
x 6 x, 2 x 6
x 6 x, x 6
6 2 x6
2 x 6 x6