Professional Documents
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CCTV Research
CCTV Research
CHAPTER1
Introduction
Video Surveillance System is now widely used across the world. Similar
difficulties are encountered when trying to ascertain the number of schools that
currently have Video Surveillance System. It is harder still to gather details on the
specific of the system; the number of cameras, their technological sophistication, the
motivations for implementation, and details about how the system is operated.
(Emmeline Taylor, “I Spy with My Little Eye: The Use of Video Surveillance System
in Schools and the Impact on Privacy.”) The use of Video Surveillance System as a
governments (Iris Ltd. 2005). Indeed, its popularity and use is not restricted solely to
preventing crime. Video Surveillance System has been implemented for a range of
purposes that includes use as an access control measure, as a method to reduce fear of
crime and improve perceptions of community safety, to potentially detect crime and
defense. With modern security cameras, a school can be more proactive about campus
safety and detect suspicious activity in real time. Video surveillance improves
emergency response in schools and shows that the school values safety. Video
Surveillance System has a great purpose for individual, specially to the students in
determine crimes or criminal acts has gained traction in recent years. When video
surveillance is visible, most people will think twice before committing crime because
2
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North Eastern Mindanao State University
Formerly Surigao Del Sur State University
Cantilan, Surigao del Sur
Telefax No. 086-212-5132
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Bennett & Gelsthorpe, 2010, stated that a common goal of most CCTV
systems has been the prevention of crime and disorder through deterrence. Claims are
also made that CCTV provides public reassurance and therefore reduces fear of crime,
As nations develop and their economies grow bigger, social problems also
intensify. One great concern deals with peace and order as well as safety and security
of the people. The government of different nations have launched various innovations
on how to prevent crimes. One of these innovations is the use of CCTV. The
surveillance prevents crime to high levels due to various factors. First, the cameras
provide evidence of crime hence it deems easier to track the criminals (Murphy, 1999
p. 396).
responsibility to ensure the ongoing safety of their students and teachers while on
school grounds. CCTV camera surveillance systems are increasingly being used in
schools to maintain safety and security, allowing school and faculty personnel to
School districts are expected to provide students, parents, teachers, and staff with a
safe and secure learning environment. This necessitates keeping weapons, violence,
and disruptive behavior out of schools. With bullying on the rise and gun violence on
the rise, you cannot assume your school's current security system is adequate. The use
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North Eastern Mindanao State University
Formerly Surigao Del Sur State University
Cantilan, Surigao del Sur
Telefax No. 086-212-5132
www.sdssu.edu.ph
among local governments (Iris Ltd. 2005). Indeed, its popularity and use is not
restricted solely to preventing crime. CCTV has been implemented for a range of
purposes that includes use as an access control measure, as a method to reduce fear of
crime and improve perceptions of community safety, to potentially detect crime and
possible view of what the camera's primary focus should be. It should be noted that all
video surveillance will remain in a fixed position, providing a focused view of what is
most important. Video surveillance cameras should only be used as a backup security
Specifically, this study aims to investigate how beneficial and effective the
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Republic of the Philippines
North Eastern Mindanao State University
Formerly Surigao Del Sur State University
Cantilan, Surigao del Sur
Telefax No. 086-212-5132
www.sdssu.edu.ph
Theoretical Framework
Crime Prevention Theory with supporting theory namely, Rational choice theory and
The central concepts of the situational crime prevention theory are deeply
rooted in and influenced by other theories, including the rational choice theory, the
routine activity theory, and the crime pattern theory (Clarke and Felson, 1993; Felson,
1994). At the heart of every crime is a rational decision designed to weigh the risks
and benefits for the offender, and in the absence of effective controls, offenders will
focus on suitable targets. Routine activity theory relies on the occurrence of three key
Prevention techniques are thus aimed at decreasing the number of suitable victims and
potential offenders are less likely to commit crime if they believe they are being
watched or have a greater risk of being apprehended. This is also known as the
rational choice theory (La Vigne et al. 2011). CCTV is also grounded in situational
crime prevention strategy, which argues that opportunities to offend can be reduced
apprehended, increasing the effort to commit the crime, decreasing rewards from
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Republic of the Philippines
North Eastern Mindanao State University
Formerly Surigao Del Sur State University
Cantilan, Surigao del Sur
Telefax No. 086-212-5132
www.sdssu.edu.ph
crime commission, and reducing provocations that give rise to criminal opportunities
(La Vigne et al. 2011). This means that the offender must be aware of the added
systems have the ability to increase perceptions of safety among citizens, as well as
encourage citizens to use public spaces they know are guarded by surveillance (La
Vigne et al. 2011). Through increasing the number of citizens using public spaces,
surveillance,” meaning that not only does CCTV have the ability to take the place of
police or security officers but CCTV can also enhance officers’ capabilities (Welsh
police of crimes as they happen, which can enable officers to respond quickly and
efficiently (La Vigne et al. 2011). On a larger scale, the use of CCTV also presents
the possibility of aiding in the criminal justice system, as video footage of a crime
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North Eastern Mindanao State University
Formerly Surigao Del Sur State University
Cantilan, Surigao del Sur
Telefax No. 086-212-5132
www.sdssu.edu.ph
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
INPUT
PROCESS
Collection of data
OUTPUT
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North Eastern Mindanao State University
Formerly Surigao Del Sur State University
Cantilan, Surigao del Sur
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The input contains respondents, on where we used to conduct the study, and
their demographic profiles, namely; Age, sex and rank. This also includes the
subjects of the study, The Efficacy of Video Surveillance System for security
researchers will analyze, interpret the collected data gathered from the
Campus.
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North Eastern Mindanao State University
Formerly Surigao Del Sur State University
Cantilan, Surigao del Sur
Telefax No. 086-212-5132
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1.1 Age
1.2 Sex
1.3 Rank
2.1 Security
2.2 Surveillance
2.3 Theft
2.4 Crime
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Republic of the Philippines
North Eastern Mindanao State University
Formerly Surigao Del Sur State University
Cantilan, Surigao del Sur
Telefax No. 086-212-5132
www.sdssu.edu.ph
General objectives:
The main purpose of this study is to determine the Efficacy of the Video
Surveillance System for Security and Crime Prevention in the NEMSU- Cantilan
Specific objective:
NEMSU-Cantilan buildings.
NEMSU-Cantilan buildings.
Hypothesis:
and performances?
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North Eastern Mindanao State University
Formerly Surigao Del Sur State University
Cantilan, Surigao del Sur
Telefax No. 086-212-5132
www.sdssu.edu.ph
Assumptions
The outcome of this study could give valuable information to the following:
Student - the result of this research will help the students to feel safe inside the
school. The security of the students inside the campus will intensively monitored.
Students may be less inclined to cause trouble because of the solid documentation that
Faculty and Staff- It will give them peace of mind while working inside the campus.
They can be more focus on their work and not minding the possible threats
Campus- this study will provide safety inside the campus. Campus will easily secure
the safety of the students enrolled and the employee or faculty and staff working
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Republic of the Philippines
North Eastern Mindanao State University
Formerly Surigao Del Sur State University
Cantilan, Surigao del Sur
Telefax No. 086-212-5132
www.sdssu.edu.ph
The study focused and limits only in NEMSU - Cantilan Campus. The gathers
about how video surveillance benefits the Administrators and also the campus itself,
Definitions of Terms
For the purpose of the study, the following terms are defining below:
Crime prevention - strategies and measures aim to reduce the likelihood of crimes
Security - the state of being free from danger or threat. Closed-circuit television
(CCTV)- also known as video surveillance, is the use of video cameras to transmit a
land on which a college or university and related institutional buildings are situated.
Surveillance- involves the act of observing a scene or scenes and looking for specific
behaviors that are improper or that may indicate the emergence or existence of
improper behavior.
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Republic of the Philippines
North Eastern Mindanao State University
Formerly Surigao Del Sur State University
Cantilan, Surigao del Sur
Telefax No. 086-212-5132
www.sdssu.edu.ph
This Chapter contains a variety of local and foreign literature and studies that
provide direct support for the research study. This particular research study
summarizes the relevant readings conducted by the researcher that are relevant to the
current research study. Foreign and local literature and studies would be used as a
guide and source of support in the interpretation and analysis of the data gathered.
FOREIGN LITERATURE
In May 22, 2009, Mr. Andy J. Thompson wrote an article entitled “CCTV
Security Cameras they help fight crime” where stated that “The UK has more CCTV
camera coverage than any other country. Recent study examined the effectiveness of
It was also stated that CCTV video is often used in police investigations and
the writer believes that most people are convinced of the effectiveness of video
surveillance and may even feel a certain amount of comfort in knowing that it adds to
their sense of personal safety and they understand that their chances of being a victim
of crime are reduced when they find themselves in an area monitored with CCTV
cameras.
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North Eastern Mindanao State University
Formerly Surigao Del Sur State University
Cantilan, Surigao del Sur
Telefax No. 086-212-5132
www.sdssu.edu.ph
Initial justification for CCTV surveillance in schools was directed towards the
need to protect students, staff and property from external threats such as vandalism
and intruders. Norris and Armstrong (1999) discuss the original intentions of the
and security. Surveillance equipment was focused on school access and perimeter
cameras used for the purposed of observing an area. They are often connected to a
Justifications for the use of CCTV surveillance and the aims of implementation
access control in schools are “key security measures” and that they could be used to
keep out intruders, reduce bullying, and even ensure higher enrollment. One
LOCAL LITERATURE
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Formerly Surigao Del Sur State University
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improvethe security measures for more than 400,000 public school students.
Quezon City’spublic schools,” said City Mayor Herbert Bautista in a recent meeting
on child safetyin public places. In a statement, Bautista said the city government
kidnapping.
public schools in the province with closed-circuit television (CCTV) cameras will
help ensure the safety of students while they are away from their homes.
crimes that might be committed against students, teachers, and the schools, where
important learning facilities should be taken care of. “If something bad happens to
them, CCTV cameras can help determine what happened and who the responsible
individuals are. If an incident happens within the school premises, CCTV footages
can be readily secured to tell the story. It will also help authorities solve traffic
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Republic of the Philippines
North Eastern Mindanao State University
Formerly Surigao Del Sur State University
Cantilan, Surigao del Sur
Telefax No. 086-212-5132
www.sdssu.edu.ph
Crime in Los Asgated thatlocal program characteristics likely affect the overall
preventing crinhe.
In relation to the present study, the researchers believe that CCTVwill be effective in
Local Studies
Preservation Act,” provides for a mechanism where videos recorded from CCTV
cameras are preserved and duly authenticated to aid law enforcement agencies in their
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Formerly Surigao Del Sur State University
Cantilan, Surigao del Sur
Telefax No. 086-212-5132
www.sdssu.edu.ph
De Lima cited events when security cameras have been very crucial in
Customs (BuCor) was caught by the CCTV camera accepting bribe money and when
a woman was captured by the security camera being shot dead by her robber, in 2016.
In the study “Proposed Class Monitoring System using SurveillanceCamera for CAS,
F. Ramirez and Ron Nikko T.Socorrostated that due to increased terrors and crimes,
the use of the videosurveillance camera system is increasing and it has been operated
forpublic interest such as prevention of crimes and fly-tipping by the policeand local
in CCTV.
When the recorded video data isexposed, it may cause an invasion to privacy
and erimes. In relation to the present study, the researchers believe that CCTV has its
reminded that the cameras should not be placed in spaces with "heightened
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North Eastern Mindanao State University
Formerly Surigao Del Sur State University
Cantilan, Surigao del Sur
Telefax No. 086-212-5132
www.sdssu.edu.ph
Chapter 3:
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This study discusses the procedure used to achieve the study's objectives. The
following methods were used in the study: research design, locale, respondents and
RESEARCH DESIGN
situation as it exists at the time of the study and to explore the force of a particular
phenomenon. The researchers believe that this design is relevant to this study, since
this study involves the collection regarding to the current status of the subjects under
this study.
LOCALE
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Cantilan, Surigao del Sur
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They were chosen because the researchers find them as suitable for the study.
system for Security and Crime Prevention in NEMSU - Cantilan Campus. Purposive
the selection of participants to fulfil a specific purpose (Cohen, Manion & Morrison,
2007).
RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
The researcher’s instrument used in the study is the self- made qualitative survey
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Formerly Surigao Del Sur State University
Cantilan, Surigao del Sur
Telefax No. 086-212-5132
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In gathering the relevant data for the study of the following procedures were
followed:
The data were obtained from the questionnaire. The results were analyzed and
profile. The calculation of how many people fit into a certain category or the number
of times a characteristic occurs, this calculation is express by both the absolute (actual
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North Eastern Mindanao State University
Formerly Surigao Del Sur State University
Cantilan, Surigao del Sur
Telefax No. 086-212-5132
www.sdssu.edu.ph
REFERENCES:
https://reolink.com/blog/school-security-cameras-systems/?
fbclid=IwAR1ndwqBPfqRRRiy__B4ii5HfYqC5Y3bKJ_Oxtf8FbVQ1GQQCLaXPm
Z5m0I
Bennett and Geld Thorpe, 2010, Retrieved May 23, 2015 CCTV, school surveillance
Coupe, T. and Kaur, S. (2005) 'The Role of Alarms and CCTV in Detecting Non-
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Cantilan, Surigao del Sur
Telefax No. 086-212-5132
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Vol.10 Ratcliffe, J. H., Taniguchi, T., & Taylor, R. B. (2009). The crime reduction
26(4), 746-770.
Sivarajasingam, V., Shepherd, J.P. and Matthews, K. (2003) 'Effect of urban closed
Surveillance for Crime Prevention in Public Space: Results And Policy Choices In
2010,journals.com/cpcs/journal/v6/n2/abs/8140184a.html
Evaluations,http://pdf-release.net/2545836/a-review-of-cctvevaluations---center-for-
https://www.grin.com/document/280648?
fbclid=IwAR2fdnU6sv95EmtdwyfzN60niCIMNvWv0RWSNDP8_tJv8bkjjg3kJg5W
6yo
https://www.farsight.co.uk/blog/the-advantages-of-using-cctv-cameras-in-schools/?
fbclid=IwAR35UlvW2179dpoyiRl0dBgaKNzLHvO6BFbQy4vAh6dNvfhJg6aBCFG
1ek4
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North Eastern Mindanao State University
Formerly Surigao Del Sur State University
Cantilan, Surigao del Sur
Telefax No. 086-212-5132
www.sdssu.edu.ph
https://research.lpubatangas.edu.ph/?fbclid=IwAR0mPq-
IcLOyLK4vu3Q9OQBWDUYhSeR-1vy15Rf7yENqryEEB9SNiATDbsY
Questionnaire
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evidence?
Sex:
QUESTIONNAIRE
Campus:
NAME: AGE:
SEX:
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Cantilan, Surigao del Sur
Telefax No. 086-212-5132
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Agree Disagre
e
1. Is Video Surveillance System benefits you as
faculty/staffs?
2. Is Video surveillance system is an effective tool
for faculty/staffs safety and security measured?
3. Is Video surveillance system invading personal
privacy of faculty/staffs?
4. Is Video surveillance system cameras keep an
eye to secure the important documents and
equipment inside the office when you aren’t
there?
5. Video surveillance helps to ensure adherence to
safety policies to school?
6. Is Video Surveillance system help to prevent
crime?
7. Is Video Surveillance system help to monitor
the behavior of the students specifically to
criminology students?
8. Is Video Surveillance system guarantee the
safety of the faculty/staffs??
9. Is Video Surveillance system can provide
evidence?
10. Is the use of the Video Surveillance system can
make you feel safe and protective against
crime?
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