Egyptian architecture primarily used a trabeated construction system of columns and lintels. The Temple of Luxor in Thebes, built in 1400 BC, exemplifies this style. Egyptian houses were typically multi-story structures made of mudbricks with arched ceilings and inward-sloping walls for support. Pyramids represented the primordial mound and descending sun rays; they were faced with polished limestone and contained burial chambers. The pyramids at Giza are the best known examples of Egyptian tomb architecture.
Egyptian architecture primarily used a trabeated construction system of columns and lintels. The Temple of Luxor in Thebes, built in 1400 BC, exemplifies this style. Egyptian houses were typically multi-story structures made of mudbricks with arched ceilings and inward-sloping walls for support. Pyramids represented the primordial mound and descending sun rays; they were faced with polished limestone and contained burial chambers. The pyramids at Giza are the best known examples of Egyptian tomb architecture.
Egyptian architecture primarily used a trabeated construction system of columns and lintels. The Temple of Luxor in Thebes, built in 1400 BC, exemplifies this style. Egyptian houses were typically multi-story structures made of mudbricks with arched ceilings and inward-sloping walls for support. Pyramids represented the primordial mound and descending sun rays; they were faced with polished limestone and contained burial chambers. The pyramids at Giza are the best known examples of Egyptian tomb architecture.
Trabeated Construction This system consists columns and lintels. Example of trabeated architecture-Temple of Luxor ,Thebes.
Located on the east bank of river Nile, in the city
today known as Luxor(ancient Thebes) founded in 1400 BC. Luxor Temple Luxor Temple from the east bank of the Nile Luxor Temple
Central corridor and four colossi Central corridor of the temple
Egyptian Houses Were two or three stories high, often with arched ceilings. Constructed from sun-dried brick called adobe. Walls were built slanting, as these bricks were not very strong. Walls were thicker at base and narrowed as the height increased. With invention of stone cutting tools, slanting walls were imitated in granite. Egyptian Houses In wide rooms numerous columns had to be placed in the interior to support the short stone beams. Columns were arranged in long rows and richly decorated with carvings. Egyptian Pyramids Pyramid represents the primordial mound from which the Egyptians believed the earth was created. Shape of pyramid is thought of representing, descending rays of the sun. Pyramids were faced with polished, highly reflective white limestone. Workers placed hieroglyphics(picture writing) around the pyramid. Egyptian Pyramid-Saqqara First true pyramid was built at Saqqara for King Zoser. It is called a step pyramid because of its step shape. Pyramid of Medium Pyramid of Dahshur Pyramid of Giza Construction of Pyramids First step was to chisel the block of limestone the way they wanted. Stonemasons used special rods to check stone block was cut accurately. Blocks were kept in quarry until flood season. Barges were used to haul over heavy limestone blocks. Once the blocks were unloaded from boats, levers and ropes were used to place the blocks into position. Construction of Pyramids After placing the blocks, laborers rubbed casing blocks with polishing stones until they would shine. One or two large boats were also buried near the tomb so king to have a peaceful sail over to the next world. Egyptian Pyramids Pyramids of Giza Valley Temple A-Pyramid with substructure, mortuary temple, subsidiary pyramid , north(entrance) chapel, pyramidal court , enclosure wall & upper ending of causeway. B- Valley temple with lower ending of causeway & harbour. Valley Of The Kings Tomb Of King Tutankhamun Coffin Of King Tutankhamun Mask Of King Tutankhamun Furniture Of King Tutankhamun Furniture Of King Tutankhamun Chair Of King Tutankhamun King Tutankhamun Tomb-Chest
Chest made of Ebony, with
insert panels probably of Cedar. Lid hinged in bronze along the back edge and folds down the back of the chest. Openwork area with the ‘Ankh’ hieroglyph. Ankh hieroglyph
Ankh- “To Live, Life” was
associated with gods of Egypt, and Egyptian kings aspired to achieve their responsibilities of governing and protecting life in Egypt. King Tutankhamun Tomb-Stool
Construction fitted together
with mortise and tennon joint. Legs carved in form of animal legs. King Tutankhamun Tomb-Bed Bed made of wood coated with gesso. Constructed in four different parts, the two sides in form of cows, a baseboard and a string mesh mattress joined to footboard. Major Forms-Beds Consisted of simple, rectangular frame with short legs that supported a framework of woven cord. Used wickerwork bedstead of palm branches. Crescent shaped headrests were used in place of pillows. Richer forms were made of oriental alabaster, fine woods or glass, and decorated with hieroglyphics. Poorer types were plain and made of pottery or stone. Major Forms-Beds Wicker is hard woven fiber formed into a rigid material, usually used for baskets or furniture. Wicker is often made of material of plant origin, but plastic fibers are also used. Major Forms-Beds Major Forms-Couches Made of wood with one end raised and the remainder receding in a graceful curve. Ottomans were simple square sofa, with a flat seat and boxlike base. Upper parts of these constructions were generally of leather or richly coloured cotton fabric. Couch Major Forms-Chairs Figured in the homes of the wealthy. Common types being square backed single or double chair. Double chair usually used by married couples. Better types being inlaid with ebony and ivory, and having seats of leather or woven cord. Most impressive were Fauteuils or throne chair. Major Forms-Chairs Major Forms-Stools Found in homes of humbler means. Seat raised 8 to 14 inches from floor and comprised of leather straps or woven thongs. Stools were made of wood, and had a padded leather or woven rush seat. The stools 3 or 4 were often carved to look like animal legs. Wealthy people had their stools and all furniture decorated with gold or silver leaf. Major Forms-Stools Common people would paint furniture to look more expensive. Folding stools were a common form. Major Forms-Stools Major Forms-Tables Tables varied in shape and size according to purpose. Those used for serving food were round supported by a single column in the centre. Large tables were square or oblong, with 3 or 4 legs or sometimes even with solid sides. Commonly made of wood although metal and even stone were sometimes used for table tops. Major Forms-Tables Major Forms-Offering Table Major Forms-Chests Used for storage. Had lids that slid or lifted off, or sometimes hinged in bronze along the back edge. Divided in compartments. Major Forms-Chests Clay Pots