Verb Tenses

Present Perfect Simple.

Have Past Participle

General Structure +
(he jugado) Has - ed (regular verbs)
- 3° column (irregular verbs)

(+) (-) (?)

I I
You Have played Haven't played you played... ?
Have
We Have gone Haven't gone we gone... ?
They they

He he
Has played Hasn't played played... ?
She Has she
Has gone Hasn't gone gone... ?
It it

General Uses.
- Past actions at an unmentioned time: Has he ever told you he loves you?
We have bought that painting in Paris.
- Actions started in the past that still continue: We have been engaged for six months..
Tom has worked in the bank since 1983.
- Past actions with a present result: I have finished the homework so I am free now.
Look! Sue has had plastic surgery on her nose!

* Comparison with the Past Simple: Tom has lived here for six years. (he still lives here)
Tom lived here for six years. (he doesn't live here anymore)

** Expressions usually connected with the Present Perfect Tense:

Just (“recién”) (+) Susan has just returned from the office.
Already (“ya”) (+) Tom has already sent you the report.
Never (“nunca”) (+) We have never heard of that group (before).
Ever (“alguna vez”) (?) Have you ever practised an extreme sport?
(+) This is the most complicated exercise I have ever seen.
Yet (“ya”) (?) Have you seen the news yet?
(“todavía”) (-) I haven't received his answer yet.
For (“durante”) We haven't known Andrew for a very long time.
Since (“desde”) Richard has studied the piano since he was a child.
Other expressions: still (todavía), so far (hasta ahora), lately (últimamente), recently, etc.