6/2019

Question Booklet

2019 Examination for Japanese University Admission

for International Students

Science（80 min.）
【Physics, Chemistry, Biology】
※ Choose and answer two subjects.
※ Answer the questions using the front side of the answer sheet for one
subject, and the reverse side for the other subject.

Ⅰ　Rules of Examination
　1．Do not leave the room without the proctor’s permission.
　2．Do not take this question booklet out of the room.

Ⅱ　Rules and Information Concerning the Question Booklet

　1．Do not open this question booklet until instructed.
　2．After instruction, write your name and examination registration number
in the space provided below, as printed on your examination voucher.
3. The pages of each subject are as in the following table.

Subject Pages
Physics 1－21
Chemistry 23－37
Biology 39－56
　4．If your question booklet is missing any pages, raise your hand.
　5．You may write notes and calculations in the question booklet.

Ⅲ　Rules and Information Concerning the Answer Sheet

　1．You must mark your answers on the answer sheet with an HB pencil.
　2．Each question is identified by one of the row numbers ， ， , ….
Follow the instruction in the question and completely black out your answer
in the corresponding row of the answer sheet（mark‒sheet）.
　3．Make sure also to read the instructions on the answer sheet.

※ Once you are instructed to start the examination, fill in your examination
registration number and name.

Examination registration number ＊ ＊

Name

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Science－22

© 2019 Japan Student Services Organization

 Science－23

Chemistry

Marking Your Choice of Subject on the Answer Sheet

Choose and answer two subjects from Physics, Chemistry, and

Biology. Use the front side of the answer sheet for one subject,
㸺 Example 㸼
and the reverse side for the other subject.
ゎ⟅⛉┠ Subject
As shown in the example on the right, if you answer the
≀ ⌮ ໬ Ꮫ ⏕ ≀
Chemistry questions, circle “Chemistry” and completely fill in Physics Chemistry Biology

the oval under the subject name.

If you do not correctly fill in the appropriate oval,
your answers will not be graded.

Use the following values for calculation. The unit of volume “liter” is represented by “L”.

Standard state: 0 Υ 㸪 1.01™10 5 Pa (1 atm)

  The molar volume of an ideal gas at the standard state: 22.4 L/mol

Gas constant: 5 = 8.31™10 3 Pa㺃L/(K㺃mol)

Avogadro constant: 1 A = 6.02™10 23 /mol

Faraday constant: ) = 9.65™10 4 C/mol

Atomic weight:  H : 1.0 C : 12 N : 14 O : 16 Ca : 40

The relation between the group and the period of elements used in this examination is

indicated in the following periodic table. Atomic symbols other than H are omitted.


group
period                  
 H




 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌

㻌 㻌

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Q1 The following atoms or ions a-d have the electron configurations as indicated in

the illustration below. Here the central circles represent the atomic nuclei, and the

figures in them the number of protons. The outer concentric circles represent electron

shells and the black circles electrons.




 9+ 10+ 11+ 12+


a b c d


From the following statements ձ -յ on a-d, choose the one that is not correct.
ᴾ ᵏᴾ ᴾ

ձ  Figure a represents the atom whose atomic number is 9.

ղ  Atom a readily forms a monovalent anion.

ճ  The first ionization energy of atom b is smaller than that of atom a.

մ  Atom c readily forms a monovalent cation.

յ  Figure d represents a divalent cation.

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Q2 From the following statements ձ -յ , choose the correct one. ᴾ ᵐᴾ ᴾ

ձ  The energy required to remove one outermost shell electron is called the first

ionization energy. Among the atoms belonging to the same period, the ionization

energy of noble gases is the smallest.

ղ  The larger the ionization energy of an atom, the easier it is to form a cation.

ճ  The energy required for an atom to form a monovalent anion by obtaining an

electron is called the electron affinity.

մ  The electron affinity of the halogens is small, and they easily form anions.

յ  The energy required for removing one electron from a monovalent anion to form

an atom is equal to its electron affinity.

Q3 From the following molecules ձ -յ , choose the one that has both one or more

double bonds and unshared electron pairs. ᴾ ᵑᴾ ᴾ

ձ  C 2 H 4    ղ  CO 2    ճ  N 2    մ  NH 3    յ  HCN

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Q4 110 g of the nitrate of metal M, M(NO 3 ) 2 , was obtained when nitric acid (HNO 3 aq)

was added to 45 g of the oxide MO and completely reacted. From ձ-ն below choose

the closest value for the atomic weight of metal M. ᴾ ᵒᴾ ᴾ

ձ  27   ղ  40   ճ  59   մ  68   յ  89   ն  110

Q5 Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is generated by the reaction between calcium carbonate

(CaCO 3 ) and hydrochloric acid (HCl aq). This reaction is represented by the following

equation. Here, D-H are coefficients. 

D CaCO 3 㸩 E HCl    F CaCl 2 㸩 G H 2 O 㸩 H CO 2

Assume that the mass of carbon dioxide generated is ; (g) when 2.0 g of calcium

carbonate is added to 25 mL of 2.0 mol/L hydrochloric acid, and that the mass of

carbon dioxide is < (g) when 3.0 g of calcium carbonate is added to the same amount

of hydrochloric acid. From ձ -ո in the table below, choose the most appropriate

combination of ; and <. ᴾ ᵓᴾ ᴾ

; <

ձ 0.44 0.44

ղ 0.44 0.66

ճ 0.88 0.88 

մ 0.88 1.1 

յ 0.88 1.3 

ն 1.1 1.1 

շ 1.1 1.3 

ո 1.1 1.7 

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Q6 1000 g of water at 15 Υ is heated by complete combustion of 32 g of methane

(CH 4 ). What is the temperature (Υ ) of the water after combustion if 10 % of the

heat generated is used to raise the temperature of the water. From ձ-յ below choose

the closest value. Assume that the heat of combustion of methane is 890 kJ/mol, and

the specific heat capacity (specific heat) of water is 4.2 J/(g 㺃 K).     ᴾᵔᴾ ᴾ Υ

ձ  21   ղ  27   ճ  36   մ  42   յ  57

Q7 When 1.0 mol of N 2 O 4 was enclosed in a container with a fixed volume and kept

at a constant temperature, 60 % of it dissociated into NO 2 . The pressure at this point

was 1.0 ™ 10 5 Pa, and the following equilibrium state was established.

N 2 O 4     2NO 2

Calculate the pressure equilibrium constant in Pa at this temperature. From ձ -յ

below choose the closest value. Assume that all substances in the container are ideal

gases.                            ᴾᵕᴾ ᴾ Pa

ձ  1.3™10 5   ղ  2.3™10 5   ճ  3.0™10 5   մ  3.6™10 5   յ  4.8™10 5

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Q8 20 g of water is evaporated from 200 g of a saturated aqueous solution of potassium

nitrate (KNO 3 ) at 60 Υ by heating, and the solution was cooled to 20 Υ . How many

grams of potassium nitrate were deposited? From ձ -յ below choose the closest

value. Assume that the solubility of potassium nitrate in 100 g of water is 32 at 20 Υ,

and 109 at 60 Υ .      ᴾg
                   ᴾ ᵖᴾ

ձ  24   ղ  34   ճ  70   մ  76   յ  80

Q9 The following statements (a)-(c) concern acids and bases. From ձ -ո in the

table below, choose the combination in which the “true” or “false” judgments are

correct. ᴾ ᵗᴾ ᴾ

(a) The pH value of 0.20 mol/L hydrochloric acid (HCl) is smaller than that of

0.10 mol/L sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ).

(b) The pH value of 10 㸫 8 mol/L hydrochloric acid is larger than 7.0.

(c) The higher the concentration of aqueous acetic acid (CH 3 COOH), the larger its

pH value

a b c

ձ true true true

ղ true true false

ճ true false true

մ false true true

յ true false false

ն false true false

շ false false true

ո false false false

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Q10 The following is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell using hydrogen (H 2 ). The fuel

cell works as follows.

࣭ Substance A is oxidized at the anode.

࣭ Substance B is reduced at the cathode to yield substance C.

࣭ Ions migrate in the electrolytic solution.

e㸫

e㸫
B
ion
A
C
electrolytic
solution
anode cathode

From ձ-ն in the table below, choose the correct combination of substances A-C 

ᴾ ᵏᵎ ᴾ ᴾ

A B C

ձ H2 O2 H2O

ղ H2 H2O O2

ճ O2 H2 H2O

մ O2 H2O H2

յ H2O H2 O2

ն H2O O2 H2

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Q11  From the following statements ձ -ն , choose the one that applies to all of the

following group 2 elements. ᴾ ᵏᵏ ᴾ ᴾ

Mg Ca Sr Ba

ձ  All are positive to flame tests.

ղ  All react with water at normal temperature.

ճ  All of their sulfates are readily soluble in water.

մ  All form 1:1 oxides with oxygen (O), and their aqueous solutions are acidic.

յ  The electron configurations of their divalent cations are the same with those of

group 18 elements belonging to the same period, respectively.

ն  The ionic radii of their divalent cations are smaller than those of monovalent

cations of group 1 elements belonging to the same period, respectively.



Q12  Among the following statements (a)-(d) on phosphorous (P) and its compounds

two are correct. From ձ -ն below choose the correct combination. ᴾ ᵏᵐ ᴾ ᴾ

(a) White phosphorous (P 4 ) is stored in water because it spontaneously ignites in air.

(b) Tetraphosphorous decaoxide (P 4 O 10 ) shows efflorescence.

(c) When tetraphosphorous decaoxide is dissolved in water and heated, phosphoric

acid (H 3 PO 4 ) is formed.

(d) Potassium phosphate (K 3 PO 4 ) is the main component of bones and teeth.

ձ  a㸪b  ղ  a㸪c  ճ  a㸪d  մ  b㸪c  յ  b㸪d  ն  c㸪d

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Q13  Excess amounts of hydrochloric acid (HCl aq), aqueous ammonia (NH 3 ), and

aqueous sodium hydroxide (NaOH) are added, respectively, to the following aqueous

solutions (a)-(c). From ձ -ո in the table below, choose the correct combination

of solutions that do not form any precipitates.  ᴾ ᵏᵑ ᴾ ᴾ

(a) aqueous solution containing Ag 㸩 and Cu 2 㸩   

(b) aqueous solution containing Fe 3 㸩 and Pb 2 㸩   

(c) aqueous solution containing Zn 2 㸩 and Al 3 㸩   

HCl aq NH 3 aq NaOH aq

ձ a b c

ղ a c b

ճ b a b

մ b a c

յ b c a

ն c a b

շ c a c

ո c b a

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Q14  The following results were obtained from Experiment 1 and Experiment 2 on a

certain powdery reagent. From ձ -յ below choose the most appropriate one for

this reagent. ᴾ ᵏᵒ ᴾ ᴾ

Experiment 1 This reagent was readily soluble in water, and the resulting aqueous

solution was acidic.

Experiment 2 When aqueous sodium hydroxide (NaOH) was added to the aqueous

solution obtained from Experiment 1, an irritating smell was detected.

ձ  ammonium chloride (NH 4 Cl)

ղ  calcium chloride (CaCl 2 )

ճ  glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 )

մ  sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO 3 )

յ  sodium hydrogen sulfate (NaHSO 4 )

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Q15  The following statements (a)-(e) concern the metals Ag, Cu, Fe, and Zn. Which

metals are compatible with A-D in the statements (a)-(e) below? From ձ -ո in the

table below, choose the correct combination. ᴾ ᵏᵓ ᴾ ᴾ

(a) A and B dissolve in dilute sulfuric acid (dil. H 2 SO 4 ) and generate hydrogen (H 2 )

while C and D do not dissolve.

(b) When D is dipped in an aqueous solution of a salt of C, C deposits on the surface

of D.

(c) A dissolves in nitric acid (HNO 3 aq) to generate hydrogen.

(d) B dissolves in dilute nitric acid (dil. HNO 3 ) to generate hydrogen while it turns

into a passive state and does not dissolve in concentrated nitric acid (conc. HNO3 ).

(e) C and D dissolve in nitric acid to generate nitrogen oxides.

A B C D

ձ Ag Cu Fe Zn

ղ Ag Fe Zn Cu

ճ Cu Ag Zn Fe

մ Cu Zn Fe Ag

յ Fe Zn Cu Ag

ն Zn Cu Ag Fe

շ Zn Fe Ag Cu

ո Zn Fe Cu Ag

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Q16  From the following statements ձ-յ on ethanol (C2H5OH) and acetic acid (CH3COOH),

choose the one that is not correct. ᴾ ᵏᵔ ᴾ ᴾ

ձ  Both the melting and boiling points of acetic acid are higher than those of

ethanol.

ղ  When iodine (I 2 ) and aqueous sodium hydroxide (NaOH) are added to ethanol,

yellow precipitates are formed. Acetic acid does not, however, form precipitates.

ճ  Dehydration condensation of acetic acid is caused by tetraphosphorus decaoxide

(P 4 O 1 0 ) and that of ethanol by concentrated sulfuric acid (conc. H 2 SO 4 ).

մ  Both react with sodium metal (Na) and generate hydrogen (H 2 ).

յ  Both generate carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) when aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate

(NaHCO 3 ) is added.

Q17  From the following statements ձ -յ on ethanol (C 2 H 5 OH) choose the correct

one. ᴾ ᵏᵕ ᴾ ᴾ

ձ  Two carbon atoms and one oxygen atom align on the same straight line.

ղ  Ethanol is prepared by the addition reaction of water (H 2O) to acetylene (HCӇCH).

ճ  The boiling point of ethanol is higher than that of dimethyl ether (CH 3 OCH 3 ),

its isomer.

մ  Ethanol reacts with sodium metal (Na) to generate carbon dioxide (CO 2 ).

յ  When ethanol is oxidized by aqueous potassium dichromate (K 2 Cr 2 O 7 ) acidified

with sulfuric acid, CH 3 CH 2 CHO is formed.

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Q18  Compounds listed in column A of the following table are to be prepared in a

laboratory by the procedures described in column B. Among a-d in the table below,

there are two for which the statement in column B is correct. From ձ -ն below

choose the correct combination. ᴾ ᵏᵖ ᴾ ᴾ

 A B

A mixture of sodium acetate (CH 3 COONa) and sodium

a CH 4
hydroxide (NaOH) is heated.

Propanol (CH3(CH2)2OH) is oxidized by aqueous potassium

b CH 3 COCH 3
dichromate (K2Cr2O7) acidified with sulfuric acid.

A small amount of concentrated sulfuric acid (conc. H 2SO4)

c CH 3 COOC 2 H 5 is added to a mixture of acetic acid (CH 3 COOH) and
ethanol (C 2 H 5 OH) and then the mixture is heated.

OCOCH 3 A small amount of concentrated sulfuric acid is added

d to a mixture of salicylic acid (R-C 6 H 4 (OH)COOH) and
COOH methanol (CH 3 OH).

ձ a㸪b  ղ a㸪c  ճ a㸪d  մ b㸪c  յ b㸪d  ն c㸪d

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Q19  From the following statements ձ-յ on the compounds indicated by the structural

formulas A-F, choose the correct one. ᴾ ᵏᵗ ᴾ ᴾ

A  OH㻌
       B  SO3 H
       C  CH3     

D  NO2       E  NH
 2       F  COOH
       

ձ  The aqueous solution of A is neutral.

ղ  The aqueous solution of B is weakly acidic.

ճ  C is readily soluble both in water and in organic solvents.

մ  When D is reduced, it becomes E.

յ  The color of F changes into red-purple by an aqueous solution of bleaching

powder (the main component is CaCl(ClO)).

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 Science－37

Q20  From the following polymers ձ -յ , choose the one which does not contain

nitrogen (N). ᴾ ᵐᵎ ᴾ ᴾ

ձ  albumin

ղ  deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

ճ  nylon 6,6

մ  poly(ethylene terephthalate)

յ  polyacrylonitrile

End of Chemistry questions. Leave the answer spaces ᾁᾀ 㹼 ᾆᾄᴾ blank.

Please check once more that you have properly marked the name of your

subject as “Chemistry” on your answer sheet.

 
㻰㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼎㼛㼛㼗㼘㼑㼠㻌㼛㼡㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼛㼛㼙㻚㻌

37
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Science－38

© 2019 Japan Student Services Organization

 Science－39

Biology
Biology

Marking Your Choice of Subject on the Answer Sheet

Marking Your Choice of Subject on the Answer Sheet
 Choose and answer two subjects from Physics, Chemistry, and
 Choose and answer two subjects from Physics, Chemistry, and
Biology. Use the front side of the answer sheet for one subject, and 㸺Example㸼
Biology. Use the front side of the answer sheet for one subject, and 㸺Example㸼
the reverse side for the other subject.
the reverse side for the other subject. ゎ⟅ゎ ⛉⟅┠⛉ ┠Subject
Subject
As shown in the example on the right, if you answer the Biology ໬
As shown in the example on the right, if you answer the Biology ≀
≀ Physics Ꮫ Ꮫ⏕ ≀
⌮ ⌮໬ Chemistry ⏕ ≀
Biology
questions, circle “Biology” and completely fill in the oval under
questions, circle “Biology” and completely fill in the oval under the the Physics Chemistry Biology

subjectname.
subject name.
,I\RXGRQRWFRUUHFWO\ILOOLQWKHDSSURSULDWHRYDO\RXU
,I\RXGRQRWFRUUHFWO\ILOOLQWKHDSSURSULDWHRYDO\RXU
DQVZHUVZLOOQRWEHJUDGHG
DQVZHUVZLOOQRWEHJUDGHG

Q1 From
Q1 From ձ
ձ––յ belowchoose
յbelow choosethethestatement
statementthat
that correctly
correctly describes
describes carbon
carbon dioxide
dioxide assimilation
assimilation by by

cyanobacteria, suchasas1RVWRF.
cyanobacteria,such 1RVWRF.  

ձ They
ձ Theyuse
useaaphotosynthetic
photosyntheticpigment called
pigment bacteriochlorophyll.
called bacteriochlorophyll.

ղ They
ղ Theyhave
havechloroplasts
chloroplastsand
andperform thethe
perform same type
same of photosynthesis
type as land
of photosynthesis plants.
as land plants.

ճ They
ճ Theyuse
useenergy
energyreleased
releasedfrom thethe
from oxidization of of
oxidization inorganic substances
inorganic suchsuch
substances as ammonium ions.ions.
as ammonium

մ They
մ Theytake
takeup
uphydrogen
hydrogensulfide toto
sulfide perform photosynthesis.
perform photosynthesis.
յ They produce oxygen by splitting water.
յ They produce oxygen by splitting water.

39
39

© 2019 Japan Student Services Organization

Science－40

Q2 The following table summarizes the presence or absence of various structures in prokaryotic cells and

eukaryotic (animal/plant) cells. 㸩 indicates presence; 㸫 indicates absence.

From ձ– ն below choose the combination that correctly identifies structures A ʹC in the table.


Eukaryotic cells
Structure Prokaryotic cells
Animal cells Plant cells

nucleus 㸫 㸩 㸩

cell membrane 㸩 㸩 㸩

A 㸫 㸩 㸩

B 㸫 㸫 㸩

C 㸩 㸫 㸩

A B C

ձ mitochondria cell wall chloroplasts

ղ mitochondria chloroplasts cell wall

ճ chloroplasts cell wall mitochondria

մ chloroplasts mitochondria cell wall

յ cell wall mitochondria chloroplasts

ն cell wall chloroplasts mitochondria

40
© 2019 Japan Student Services Organization
 Science－41

Q3 The following figure schematically represents the process of respiration in cells. From ձ– մ below

choose the combination of substances that correctly fills blanks  A –  D in the figure.


H2O

Glucose A Acetyl CoA Succinic

acid
C

H2O
D

NADH, FADH2

A B C D

ձ citric acid pyruvic acid O2 CO2

ղ citric acid pyruvic acid CO2 O2

ճ pyruvic acid citric acid O2 CO2

մ pyruvic acid citric acid CO2 O2

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© 2019 Japan Student Services Organization
Science－42

Q4 The following paragraphs describe nitrogen metabolism in plants. From ձ – ո below choose the

combination of terms that correctly fills blanks  a ʹ  d in the following paragraphs. 

The process whereby plants synthesize organic matter by using inorganic nitrogen compounds

absorbed at their roots is called  a . The organic matter produced by this process includes substances

such as proteins and  b .

 c , which form a symbiotic relationship with legumes, are able to convert atmospheric nitrogen

gas (N2) into ammonium ions. This process is called  d .

 a b c d

ձ nitrogen assimilation starch leguminous bacteria nitrogen fixation

ղ nitrogen assimilation starch nitrifying bacteria nitrogen fixation

ճ nitrogen assimilation nucleic acids leguminous bacteria nitrogen fixation

մ nitrogen assimilation nucleic acids nitrifying bacteria nitrogen fixation

յ nitrogen fixation starch leguminous bacteria nitrogen assimilation

ն nitrogen fixation starch nitrifying bacteria nitrogen assimilation

շ nitrogen fixation nucleic acids leguminous bacteria nitrogen assimilation

ո nitrogen fixation nucleic acids nitrifying bacteria nitrogen assimilation

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 Science－43

Q5 The following figures schematically represent DNA replication, where a section of double-stranded

DNA initially unwinds and splits into two single strands which serve as templates. The arrows indicate

the direction of replication in the newly synthesized DNA. From ձ– մ below choose the figure that

correctly indicates the direction of replication. 

ձ ղ
3ƍ 3ƍ

5ƍ 5ƍ
3ƍ 3ƍ

5ƍ 5ƍ

ճ մ
3ƍ 3ƍ

5ƍ 5ƍ
3ƍ 3ƍ

5ƍ 5ƍ

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© 2019 Japan Student Services Organization
Science－44

Q6 When artificially synthesized mRNA that consists of repeats of a specific base sequence is added to a

protein synthesis system, it results in the formation of certain polypeptides. The following table lists the

amino acid sequences of the polypeptides that are obtained from such synthetic mRNA. Referring to the

results listed in the table, from ձ– ն below choose the answer that indicates the codon of cysteine.


mRNA base sequence Polypeptides formed

UGUGUG... (repeated) Only a chain of alternating cysteine and valine

Three kinds of polypeptides:

a chain of leucine only,

UUGUUG... (repeated)
a chain of cysteine only,

or a chain of valine only

Three kinds of polypeptides:

a chain of glycine only,

GGUGGU... (repeated)
a chain of valine only,

or a chain of tryptophan only

ձ UGU ղ GUG ճ UUG մ GUU յ GGU ն UGG

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© 2019 Japan Student Services Organization
 Science－45

Q7 Much of the insulin used to treat diabetic patients is currently produced with genetic recombination and

gene transfer technologies. The following figure schematically represents the method of production.

What do A ʹC in the figure represent? From ձ– մ below choose the correct combination. 

A
A
A is inserted into B.
B

Insertion
into C
B

Production
of insulin
Culturing and proliferation

A B C

ձ plasmid human insulin gene agrobacterium

ղ plasmid human insulin gene (VFKHULFKLDFROL

ճ human insulin gene plasmid agrobacterium

մ human insulin gene plasmid (VFKHULFKLDFROL

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Science－46

Q8 A certain organism has the following pairs of alleles: A(a) and B(b). An individual with genotype AAbb

was crossed with an individual with genotype aaBB to produce F1. When an F1 individual was crossed

with an individual with genotype aabb, the resulting offspring exhibited the phenotypic segregation

ratio shown below. A and B are dominant over a and b, respectively. The phenotype of individuals with

genotypes AABB, AaBb, etc. is represented asࠝABࠞ, and that of individuals with genotypes AAbb

or Aabb is represented asࠝAbࠞ.

ࠝABࠞ
㸸ࠝAbࠞ
㸸ࠝaBࠞ
㸸ࠝabࠞ㸻 1㸸8㸸8㸸1

In what percentage (%) of gametes produced in the F1 did recombination occur? From ձ– յ below

choose the best answer. 

ձ 0.1 ղ 1.1 ճ 11.1 մ 12.5 յ 25.0

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Q9 The following figure shows the process of sperm formation of a certain animal. From ձ– ն below

choose the combination that correctly indicates all cells among A ʹF in the figure that are in the haploid

nuclear phase (Q). 

ձ A, B, C, D, E, F ղ B, C, D, E, F ճ C, D, E, F

մ D, E, F յ E, F ն F

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Q10 The following figure schematically represents an ovule and a pollen tube of a plant known as 7RUHQLD

IRXUQLHUL.

Embryo sac
Ovule
Pollen tube

The embryo sac of 7IRXUQLHUL is partially exposed from the ovule.

An experiment was performed to investigate which cells in the 7IRXUQLHUL embryo sac induce the

pollen tube to grow toward the embryo sac, using a laser to destroy certain cells in each test. The table

below shows the results of the experiment; 㸩 indicates that the cell was untreated with the laser and

kept alive, and 㸫 indicates that the cell was destroyed by the laser. Judging from these results, which

cell(s) can be inferred to induce the pollen tube to grow toward the embryo sac? From ձ – յ below

choose the best answer. 

Embryo sac Embryo sac Induction

condition Egg cell Central cell Synergids rate (%)
No cells
㸩 㸩 㸩 㸩 98%
destroyed
㸫 㸩 㸩 㸩 94%
One cell
㸩 㸫 㸩 㸩 100%
destroyed
㸩 㸩 㸫 㸩 71%
㸫 㸫 㸩 㸩 93%

Two cells 㸫 㸩 㸫 㸩 61%

destroyed 㸩 㸫 㸫 㸩 71%
㸩 㸩 㸫 㸫 0%


ձ egg cell ղ central cell ճ synergids մ egg cell and central cell

յ central cell and synergid

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Q11 The following table shows the concentration (%) of three constituents of healthy human blood plasma,

a ʹc, in primitive urine and urine.

a b c

Primitive urine 0% 0.1% 0.30%

Urine 0% 0% 0.35%

From ձ– ն below choose the combination that best identifies substances a ʹc. 

a b c

ձ Na+ glucose protein

ղ Na+ protein glucose

ճ glucose Na+ protein

մ glucose protein Na+

յ protein Na+ glucose

ն protein glucose Na+

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Q12 The following figure schematically represents the structure of the human brain. Among regions A ʹE

in the figure, which is the center for coordinating movement and maintaining balance of the body? Also,

what is the name of that region? From ձ– ն below choose the correct combination. 

D
C

E


 Region Name

ձ A cerebrum

ղ B midbrain

ճ C diencephalon

մ D cerebellum

յ E cerebellum

ն E medulla oblongata

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Q13 Following an infection by a pathogen, the blood contains antibodies that target the pathogen. The graphs

below show the amount of the antibodies measured after infection. The amount of antibodies was

recorded with the number of days elapsed after the first and second infections with the same pathogen.

From ձ– մ below choose the graph that best indicates the amount of antibodies after the first and

second infections. 

ձ ղ

100
Amount of antibodies

100

Amount of antibodies
(relative amount)

(relative amount)
10 10

1 1

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Time (days) Time (days)
1st infection 2nd infection 1st infection 2nd infection

ճ մ
Amount of antibodies

100 100
Amount of antibodies
(relative amount)
(relative amount)

10 10

1 1

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Time (days) Time (days)
1st infection 2nd infection 1st infection 2nd infection

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Q14 Innate behaviors and learned behaviors are two categories of animal behavior. From ձ– յ below

choose the answer that best represents an example of learned behaviors. 

ձ Humans reflexively draw back their hand when the fingers touch something hot.

ղ During breeding season, male three-spined sticklebacks (a freshwater fish) attack other red-bellied

males that enter their territory, but do not attack females whose abdomen is swollen with eggs.

ճ Male silkmoths are attracted by a pheromone to locate females.

մ As exemplified by how earthworms move away from light, some animals move in a certain

direction in response to a specific stimulus, such as light or a chemical substance.

յ The sea hare retracts its gill when a tactile stimulus is applied to its siphon. However, when the

stimulus is applied repeatedly, the sea hare stops retracting its gill.

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Q15 The experiments, A – D, were performed as described in the following figures on oat coleoptiles to

observe curvature of coleoptiles when exposed to light from a certain direction.

Light Light Light Light

Mica Gelatin

A B C D
Coleoptile Mica was Mica was Tip was
was used inserted inserted severed and
without any into side into side gelatin was
treatment. not exposed exposed to inserted.
to light. light.

In experiments A, C, and D, curvature of the coleoptile toward the side exposed to light was clearly

observed, but curvature was not observed in B. Which two statements in Ϩ–Ϭ below describe

insights about the substance produced in the coleoptile tip that can be inferred from the experiments?

From ձ– ն below choose the correct combination. 

Ϩ The substance produced in the coleoptile tip descends toward the base without being affected by

the light stimulus.

ϩ Due to the effect of the light stimulus, the substance produced in the coleoptile tip moves in greater

amount to the side not exposed to light and descends toward the base.

Ϫ Due to the effect of the light stimulus, the substance produced in the coleoptile tip moves in greater

amount to the side exposed to light and descends toward the base.

ϫ The substance produced in the coleoptile tip is able to pass through gelatin.

Ϭ The substance produced in the coleoptile tip is able to pass through mica.

ձ Ϩ, ϫ ղ Ϩ,Ϭ   ճ ϩ,ϫ   մ ϩ,Ϭ   յ Ϫ,ϫ   ն Ϫ,Ϭ

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Q16 The following figures show the results of culturing 3DUDPHFLXPFDXGDWXP, 3DUDPHFLXPDXUHOLD, and

3DUDPHFLXPEXUVDULD separately or in combination with one of the others. From ձ– մ below choose

the combination of terms that correctly fills blanks  a and  b in the paragraph below that

describes the results. 

200 3FDXGDWXP 200

Population density
Population density

3DXUHOLD

(relative value)
(relative value)

150 150
100 100 3FDXGDWXP
50 50

0 4 8 12 16 20 24 0 4 8 12 16 20 24
Time (days) Time (days)

200 3DXUHOLD 100

Population density

Population density

3FDXGDWXP
(relative value)

(relative value)

150 75
100 50
3EXUVDULD
50 25

0 4 8 12 16 20 24 0 4 8 12 16 20 24
Time (days) Time (days)

200
Population density
(relative value)

150 3EXUVDULD
100
50

0 4 8 12 16 20 24
Time (days)

Of 3 DXUHOLD and 3 EXUVDULD,  a has an ecological niche that is more similar to that of 3

FDXGDWXP. When cultured together with 3FDXGDWXP,  b is able to coexist for a longer time.

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 a b

ձ 3DXUHOLD 3DXUHOLD

ղ 3DXUHOLD 3EXUVDULD

ճ 3EXUVDULD 3DXUHOLD

մ 3EXUVDULD 3EXUVDULD

Q17 The following paragraph describes the flow of energy in an ecosystem. From ձ– ո below choose

the combination of terms that correctly fills blanks  a ʹ  c in the paragraph. 

The producers in an ecosystem convert  a energy from the sun into  b energy that is

stored in organic matter. Consumers feed on the organic matter synthesized by producers, resulting in

the transfer of part of that energy with the organic matter, which is then transferred up the food chain to

higher consumers. The energy used by these organisms ultimately becomes  c energy that is

released into the atmosphere and eventually escapes the ecosystem.

a b c

ձ thermal chemical thermal

ղ thermal chemical light

ճ thermal light thermal

մ thermal light chemical

յ light chemical chemical

ն light chemical thermal

շ light thermal thermal

ո light thermal chemical

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Q18 The following paragraph describes the mechanism of evolution of organisms. From ձ – ն below

choose the combination of terms that correctly fills blanks  a ʹ  c in the following

paragraph. 

In a given population of an organism, allele frequencies sometimes randomly change as genetic

information is passed to the next generation. This type of change is called  a . There is also a

phenomenon called  b , in which the individuals that have survival and breeding advantages due to

intraspecies variation survive. It is believed that  c first occurs and then spreads among the

population through phenomena such as  a and  b , resulting in the process of evolution.

 a b c

ձ natural selection mutation genetic drift

ղ natural selection genetic drift mutation

ճ genetic drift natural selection mutation

մ genetic drift mutation natural selection

յ mutation natural selection genetic drift

ն mutation genetic drift natural selection

End of Biology questions. Leave the answer spaces ᾀᾈ 㹼 ᾆᾄᴾ blank.

Please check once more that you have properly marked the name of your subject as

“Biology” on your answer sheet.

  
 
㻰㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼎㼛㼛㼗㼘㼑㼠㻌㼛㼡㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼛㼛㼙㻚㻌

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