Cagayan Province

Hotel Roma, Tuguegarao City

November 26, 2019
2018 Expanded National Nutrition Survey

METHODOLOGY
 Old Survey Design of the NNS
Features Description
Survey Design One shot (one year) every 5 years
Coverage 17 regions, 81 provinces
National, Regional,
Level of Disaggregation
Provincial for some indicators
Target Number of Households 60,000
Households and all members of the sampled
Target Population
households
Duration of Data Collection 6.5 Months (one shot) for the reference year
Why did we change the design of
the NNS?
 Provide Province and HUC Level estimates
for local planning of specific and sensitive
interventions of our stakeholders

 Provide reliable National Level Estimates

annually
Why did we change the design of
the NNS?
 Adoption of the new Master Sample of the
PSA to provide reliable estimations at the
Province and HUC Levels
 Sampling Design of the 2018 ENNS
2013 Master Sample (PSA)
Sampling domains: 2-Stage Cluster Sampling Design
81 provinces
33 HUCs 1st Stage - PSUs
3 other areas PSU size ranges from
(Pateros, Isabela City, Cotabato City) 100 to 400 households z
16 sample replicates
are drawn from each
domain
2nd stage

Households from 16 replicates (1,536)

Icons used were retrieved from http://www.flaticon.com

 PSA Board Resolution No. 06
Approving and Adopting the Survey Design of
the Expanded National Nutrition Survey
What is the Survey Design of the 2018 NNS?
40 Provinces &
ROLLING HUCs for 2018
40 Provinces &
SURVEY for HUCs for 2019
37 Provinces &
3YEARS HUCs for 2020

Target coverage per sampling domain is 1,536 households

How did we select the provinces and HUCs to be included
in the 2018 ENNS?
Grouping of provinces
Replicated Sampling
and HUCs with similar
characteristics into
replicates

A replicate has at least 5 Test variables

provinces and HUCs
Number of persons
Number of birth registered
Number of OFWs
2010 Census of Number of WRA
Population and Housing Number of infants
Number of children below 5
Number of disabled members

Formation of replicates
Provinces and HUCs covered in the 2018 ENNS
Cagayan Province Capiz Maguindanao Isabela City
Isabela Eastern Samar Butuan City Davao City
Nueva Vizcaya Tacloban City Quezon City Davao Occidental
Laguna Mandaue City City of Manila Sultan Kudarat
Sorsogon Siquijor City of Caloocan Baguio City
Aklan Western Samar City of San Juan Mountain Province
Olongapo City Northern Samar City of Las Piñas Abra
Zambales Iloilo Province City of Makati Oriental Mindoro

Bulacan Iloilo City City of Mandaluyong Cagayan De Oro City

Camarines Norte City of Taguig Camiguin

Zamboanga Del Norte
 Level Eligible Response Response
Rate (%)

Household 52,285 45,957 87.9

Individuals 196,332 159,926 81.5

 Households Individual
Province
Eligible Response Response Eligible Response Response
Rate (%) Rate (%)

Cagayan
1,499 1,400 93.4 5,636 4,796 85.1
Province
 Sociodemographic Profile
• Describes the population groups by:
a) age - refers to the exact age of each household
member as of his/her last birthday
b) sex – categorized the household members of the
households as males and females
c) civil status – or marital status
 Operational Definitions
Civil status
- status of an individual in relation to marriage and classified as:
a) single - a person who has never been married
b) married - a person who has been united in matrimony with another person of
opposite sex through a religious or civil rites.
c) separated - a person whose partner has left permanently, with or without legal
sanctions.
d) widowed - a person who has been married before, whether formally or
consensually but his/her partner has died and has not remarried at the time of
visit.
e) common law/live-in – those who live together consensually with another as
husband or wife
 Operational Definitions

Household
• an aggregate of persons, generally but not necessarily
bound by ties of kinship, who sleep in the same housing
unit and have a common arrangement for the
preparation and consumption of food.
 Operational Definitions
Household head
• person who generally provides the chief source of
income for the household unit
• adult person, male or female, who is responsible
for the organization and care of the household or
who is regarded as such by the members of the
household
 Profile of
Households
Household Size Sex of Household Members

Mean 4.4

5 members
and below
76.4%

More than 5
Male Female
members
23.6% 49.3% 50.7%
Population Groups

Age groups n (%) Women of Reproductive Age

0-23 months 176 4.7 n (%)

24-71 months 401 9.9 38 3.4

72-120 months 435 9.7

115 10.8
>10-19 years 945 18.4

20-59 years 2,260 47.1 924 85.8

60 years and over 579 10.3

 Profile of
Household Heads
Sex Civil Status
100

80
66.7

60

40

Male Female 20 15.2

10.0
3.5 4.5
80.6% 19.4%
0
Separated Single Common Widowed Married
Law/Live-in
 Farmers, Forestry workers, Fishermen 45.2
Laborers and unskilled workers 13.5

Occupation Plant and machine operators

Craft and related traders workers 9.9
11.2

Service Workers 9.6

Officials of the gov't, Corporate executives, managers, supervisors 3.7
Technicians and associate prof 2.0
Clerks 2.0
Professionals 2.0
Not classified elsewhere 0.6
Special Occupations 0.3

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

70.0
60.0
50.0 42.2
Educational
Attainment
37.5
40.0
30.0
18.3
20.0
10.0 1.9 0.1
0.0
No education Elementary level At Least At Least Others
Secondary Level* College Level**

* including Post-Secondary Non-Tertiary and Short- Cycle Tertiary Education or Equivalent

** including Master and Doctoral Level Education or Equivalent
FOOD SECURITY
“exists when all people, at all times,
have physical and economic access
to sufficient, safe and nutritious food
that meets their dietary needs and
food preferences for an active and
healthy life”.
(World Food Summit, 1996)
 FOOD INSECURITY

“limited or uncertain availability of

nutritionally adequate and safe foods or
limited or uncertain ability to acquire
acceptable foods in socially acceptable
ways”
(Institute of Nutrition, 1990)
When recurrent
leads to hunger
and hunger
when prolonged
results to
malnutrition
 METHODOLOGY
Questionnaire
 Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS)

 nine-item questionnaire
 based on the respondent’s perception over food
situations, resources or supply
 self-reported experience in the past month
HOUSEHOLD FOOD INSECURITY ACCESS SCALE (HFIAS)
 Percentage of households by food security status:
Philippines, 2015 vs. 2018
Percentage of food insecure households : 66.1% vs. 53.9%
2015 2018
100

80

60
Percentage

46.1
40 33.9 31.9 28.8
21.9
20 12.3 12.3 12.8

0
Food Secure Mildly Food Insecure Moderately Food Severely Food Insecure
* Insecure *

* Significantly different at 5% level of significance

 Percentage of households by food insecurity items:
Philippines, 2018
Percentage of food insecure households = 53.9%
Worried about food 50.3 49.7
Yes No
Unable to eat preferred food 47.5 52.5
Ate just a few kinds of food 43.2 56.8
Ate food they really do not want to eat 37.8 62.2
Ate a smaller meal 33.8 66.2
Ate a fewer meals in a day 19.1 80.9
Had no food of any kind in the household 7.7 92.3
Experienced going to sleep hungry 7.3 92.7
Experienced going a whole day and night without eating 3.3 96.7
0 20 40 60 80 100
%
Percentage of households by food security status by wealth status,
household size and sex of household head:
Philippines, 2018
Food Secure Food Insecure
100
90 82.0 84.1
80
70 62.1
55.7
Percentage

60 53.9 50.4 51.8

46.1 49.6 48.2
50 44.3
37.9
40
30
18.0 15.9
20
10
0
PHILIPPINES Wealth Quintile (Bottom Wealth Quintile (Upper 1-5 members More than 5 members Male Female
20%) 80%)

Wealth Status Household Size Sex of Household Head

Food Security Status
Cagayan, 2018
 Percentage of households by food security status:
Cagayan, 2018
100 100
Philippines Cagayan
80 80

60 60 *
46.1
% 40 % 40
28.8
20 12.3 12.8 20

0 0
Food Secure Mildly Food Moderately Food Severely Food Food Secure Mildly Food Moderately Food Severely Food
Insecure Insecure Insecure Insecure Insecure Insecure

90% Confidence Interval 90% Confidence Interval

LL 44.1 11.7 27.1 11.2 LL 48.8 9.3 22.5 10.0
UL 48.0 12.9 30.5 14.4 UL 55.1 12.4 27.5 14.5
* p<0.10
Percentage of households by food insecurity items:
Cagayan, 2018
Percentage of food insecure households = 44.5%

Worried about food 39.9 60.1

Yes No
Unable to eat preferred food 42.4 57.6
Ate just a few kinds of food 36.9 63.1
Ate food they really do not want to eat 33.1 66.9
Ate a smaller meal 30.2 69.8
Ate a fewer meals in a day 14.2 85.8
Had no food of any kind in the household 7.9 92.1
Experienced going to sleep hungry 7.0
Experienced going a whole day and night without eating 3.0 97.0
0 20 40 60 80 100
%
Percentage of households by food security status by wealth status,
household size and sex of household head:
Cagayan, 2018
Food Secure Food Insecure
100
90
80
69.7
70 61.4
Percentage

60 51.9 54.4 54.3 50.9 54.5

48.1 45.6 45.7 49.1 45.5
50
38.6
40
30.3
30
20
10
0
Cagayan Poor* Non-poor 1-5 members More than 5 members Male Female

Wealth Status Household Size Sex of Household Head

* p<0.10
 Summary
Cagayan
Food insecurity is higher among households:

Poorer Households (bottom 30%)

 Nutritional Status
of Filipino Preschool-Age Children
in Cagayan Province
Prevalence of malnutrition among children under five (0-59 months)
in the Philippines and Cagayan Province: ENNS, 2018
Philippines Cagayan Province
40
40

Prevalence (%)
30.3 30
30 24.1
Prevalence (%)

19.1 20 18.4
20

10 5.6 10 7.1
4.0 3.4
0 0
Underweight Stunting Wasting Overweight-for-Height Underweight Stunting Wasting Overweight-for-Height
90% CI Underweight Stunting Wasting Overweight- 90% CI Underweight Stunting Wasting Overweight-
for-Height for-Height

Lower 17.7 28.2 5.2 3.6 Lower 15.1 19.3 4.4 1.5
Limit Limit
Upper 20.5 32.4 6.1 4.3 Upper 21.7 28.8 9.7 5.4
Limit Limit
Prevalence of malnutrition among children under five (0-59 months)
by sex and wealth status: Cagayan Province ENNS, 2018
50
Underweight 50
Stunting

40 40
32.6
Prevalence (%)

30 28.5

Prevalence (%)
30
21.4 24.1 24.2 24.1
20 18.4 19.4
15.3 20
12.0
10
10

0
0
All Male Female Poor
* Non-Poor
All Male Female Poor
* Non-Poor

* significantly different at 10% level of significance

Prevalence of malnutrition among children under five (0-59 months)
by sex and wealth status: Cagayan Province ENNS, 2018
20
Wasting 20
Overweight-for-Height
Prevalence (%)

Prevalence (%)
10 10
8.0
7.1 7.0 7.0
5.6 6.2
4.7
3.4
2.3
0.4
0 0
All Male Female Poor Non-Poor All Male Female Poor
* Non-Poor

* significantly different at 10% level of significance

in preschool-age
children
Prevalence of anemia among preschool-age children 6 mos to 5 years old
(6-71 months) in Cagayan Province: ENNS, 2018
30
27.2

19.9

Prevalence (%)
20

14.3 15.1

10

0
Philippines Cagayan Province Male Female
90% CI Philippines Cagayan Province Male Female
Lower 12.8 15.1 8.7 17.2
Limit

Upper 15.9 24.7 21.6 37.2

Limit
PREVALENCE OF IDD AND VAD
• Urinary iodine excretion and the determination of
IDD is not covered among preschool-age children.

• Serum retinol and the determination of Vitamin A

deficiency (VAD) is in-progress.
Infant and Young Child
Feeding Practices
Breastfeeding
Practices
 Proportion of infants 0-23 months old, by breastfeeding practices
100 Philippines 100 Cagayan Province
80 80
69.2 71.2

Proportions (%)
Proportions (%)

60.9
60 54.9 60
50.6

40 39.5 38.2
33.1 40

20
20

0
0
Timely Exclusive Continued Continued
breastfeeding breastfeeding breastfeeding at 1 breastfeeding at 2
Timely
breastfeeding
Exclusive
breastfeeding
Continued *
breastfeeding at 1
Continued
breastfeeding at 2
initiation year years
initiation year years

90% CI 90% CI
Lower 65.2 51.2 45.4 29.3 Lower 54.1 21.2 59.7 22.5
Limit Limit
Upper 73.1 58.5 55.9 37.0 Upper 67.7 57.8 82.8 54.0
Limit Limit
* significantly different at 10% level of significance
Complementary
Feeding
Practices
 MINIMUM DIETARY DIVERSITY
Proportion of children 6-23 months of age
Minimum Dietary who receive foods from 4 or more food
Diversity: groups (DDS > 4) of the following 7 food
groups:

1. Grains, roots and tubers 3. Legumes and Nuts 6. Vitamin A rich fruits &
vegetables

5. Eggs
7. Other fruits & vegetables
2. Dairy Products 4. Flesh Meat
Minimum Meal Frequency
Proportion of breastfed and non-breastfed
Minimum children 6-23 months who received solid,
Meal semi-solid, or soft foods consumed at the
Frequency: minimum number of times per day

Defined as:
2x for breastfed infants 6-8 months old
3x for breastfed children 9-23 months old
4x for non-breastfed children 6-23 months old
Minimum Acceptable Diet
Proportion of children 6-23 months meeting
Minimum
both the minimum dietary diversity and the
Acceptable
minimum meal frequency to ensure both
Diet:
dietary and nutrient adequacy.
 Proportion of children 6-23 months, by complementary feeding
practices
100 Philippines 100 Cagayan Province
89.0 91.0

80 80

Proportions (%)
Proportions (%)

60 60

40 40 34.0
23.0 24.5
20 13.4 20

0 0
Minimum Dietary Minimum Meal Minimum Acceptable Minimum Dietary * Minimum Meal *
Minimum Acceptable
Diversity Frequency Diet Diversity Frequency Diet

90% CI 90% CI
Lower Limit 21.1 87.6 12.4 Lower Limit 27.3 87.2 17.0
Upper Limit 24.9 90.4 14.4 Upper Limit 40.6 94.8 32.0
* significantly different at 10% level of significance
Summary
• The prevalence's of underweight, stunting, and overweight in the Province are
numerically lower than national estimate. Wasting prevalence is higher compared to
the national results among preschool-age children.
• Anemia is a “mild to moderate” public health problem among preschool-age
children, and the prevalence is numerically higher in the Province than the national
estimate.
• Lower number of mothers practicing timely breastfeeding initiation and exclusive
breastfeeding in the Province than national estimate.
• Higher number of mothers practicing continued breastfeeding in the Province than
that of the national estimate.
• Complementary feeding among children 6-23 months of age is inadequate in energy
and nutrient as indicated by minimum dietary diversity (MDD) and minimum
acceptable diet (MAD).
 Nutritional Status
of Filipino School-Age Children
 Prevalence of malnutrition among school-age children
(5 to 10 years old) in the Philippines and Cagayan Province: ENNS 2018
Philippines Cagayan Province
30
30
24.9 24.6
Prevalence (%)

Prevalence (%)
20.0 18.7
20
20

11.6 10.7
10
10 7.6 5.3

0
0
Underweight Stunting Wasting Overweight & Obese
90% CI Underweight Stunting Wasting Overweight & 90% CI Underweight Stunting * Wasting * Overweight
Obese & Obese
Lower 23.1 22.8 7.2 10.4 Lower
Limit
16.4 15.4 3.8 8.0
Limit
Upper 26.8 26.5 7.9 12.9 Upper
Limit
23.6 22.0 6.8 13.4
Limit
* significantly different at 10% level of significance
 Prevalence of malnutrition among school-age children
(5 to 10 years old) by sex and wealth status: Cagayan Province ENNS, 2018
50
Underweight 50
Stunting

40 40

Prevalence (%)
30
28.6 30 28.1
Prevalence (%)

22.8
20.0 18.7 19.8
20 16.8 16.9 20 17.4
15.1

10 10

0 0
All Male Female Poor Non-Poor All Male Female Poor Non-Poor
*

* significantly different at 10% level of significance

 Prevalence of malnutrition among school-age children
(5 to 10 years old) by sex and wealth status: Cagayan Province ENNS, 2018
Wasting Overweight & Obese
30 30

20 20
Prevalence (%)

Prevalence (%)
14.1
10.7 11.4
9.8
10 8.7 10
5.3 5.1 5.4
4.0 3.9

0 0
All Male Female Poor Non-Poor All Male Female Poor Non-Poor
*

* significantly different at 10% level of significance

in school-age
children
Prevalence of anemia among school-age children (6 to 12 years old)
in Cagayan Province: ENNS, 2018
30

21.7
20

Prevalence (%)
17.9

13.5 13.0

10

0
Philippines Cagayan Province Male Female
90% Philippines Cagayan Male Female
CI
Province
Lower 11.8 12.4 15.1 6.8
Limit
Upper 15.2 23.4 28.3 19.3
Limit
Iodine Status among
School-age children
in Cagayan Province
 Median UIEº and Percent UIE below 50μg/L among school-age children
(6 to 12 years old) in Cagayan Province: ENNS, 2018
300 20

250
216
200 180

Percentage (%)
11.5
Median

150 10 8.6
100
7.0
5.5
50

0 0
Philippines Cagayan Province Philippines Cagayan Province Male Female
90% Philippines Cagayan Province * 90%
CI
Philippines Cagayan * Male Female
CI Province

Lower Lower 10.3 4.5 2.3 2.8

177.6 193.6 Limit
Limit

Upper Upper 12.7 9.5 8.6 14.4

183.2 238.5 Limit
Limit
⁰Iodine Intake * significantly different at 10% level of significance
<100 μg/L – Insufficient
100-199 μg/L – Adequate
200-299 μg/L – More than Adequate
300 μg/L and up - Excessive
Summary
• Prevalence of stunting and wasting in the Province is significantly lower
than the national results among school-age children.
• Prevalence of underweight, overweight & obesity are numerically lower in
the Province compared to the national results.
• Anemia prevalence among school-age children is a public health problem
with mild to moderate severity.
• Iodine status of school-age children is more than adequate based on the
median urinary iodine.
Nutritional Status of Filipino Adolescents
Cagayan Province
 Nutritional Status of Adolescents, >10 to 19 years
old: Philippines and Cagayan Province, 2018
50 50
PHILIPPINES
PHILIPPINES CAGAYAN PROVINCE
40 40

Prevalence (%)
Prevalence (%)

30 26.3 30
23.7
20 20
14.0
11.3 11.6 9.3
10 10

0 0
Stunting Wasting Overweight and Stunting Wasting Overweight and
Obese Obese
90% LL 24.7 10.5 10.7 90% LL 20.7 7.6 12.3
CI CI
UL 28.0 12.1 12.5 UL 26.7 10.9 15.7
Prevalence of Stunting among Adolescents, >10 to 19 years
old by sex and wealth status: Cagayan Province, 2018
50

40

33.1

Prevalence (%)
30
25.8
23.7
21.5
19.9
20

10

All Male Female Poor* Non Poor

* significantly different at 10% level of significance

Prevalence of Wasting among Adolescents, >10 to 19 years
old by sex and wealth status: Cagayan Province, 2018
20

15

Prevalence (%)
11.0 11.3
10 9.3
7.6 7.9

All Male Female Poor Non Poor

Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among Adolescents, >10
to 19 years old by sex and wealth status: Cagayan Province,
20 2018
17.5

15 14.0 13.9 14.3

Prevalence (%)
10

6.2
5

All Male Female Poor* Non Poor

* significantly different at 10% level of significance

 OPERATIONAL
DEFINITION PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

Insufficiently Physically Active

- Doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to

vigorous-intensity physical activity per day

Reference: World Health Organization (2015) Global Reference List of 100 Care Health Indicators. Geneva 27, Switzerland
Proportion of insufficiently physically active adolescents >10
to 19 years old: Philippines and Cagayan Province, 2018
100

80 76.3 74.6
Prevalence (%)

60

40

20

Philippines Cagayan Province

90% LL 74.8 70.6
CI UL 77.7 78.7
Proportion of insufficiently physically active adolescents >10 to
19 years old by sex and wealth status: Cagayan Province, 2018
100

79.6
80 74.6 76.1
70.2 72.9
Prevalence (%)

60

40

20

All Male* Female Poor Non Poor

* significantly different at 10% level of significance
Smoking Status of Filipino Adolescents
OPERATIONAL
DEFINITION SMOKING
CURRENT SMOKERS
– those who smoked during the survey either on a
“daily” basis (at least one cigarette a day) or on a
regular/occasional basis

• Occasional smokers are those who do not smoke

daily but who smoke at least weekly and

• those who smoke less often than weekly

Reference: World Health Organization

Proportion of current smokers among adolescents, >10 to
19 years old: Philippines and Cagayan Province, 2018
10

8
Prevalence (%)

4.4
4.0
4

0
Philippines Cagayan Province
90% LL 3.7 3.5
CI UL 4.4 5.3
Proportion of current smokers among adolescents, >10 to 19
years old by sex and wealth status: Cagayan Province, 2018
10

8 7.5

6.2
Prevalence (%)

4.4
4 3.5

2
1.1

All Male * Female Poor Non Poor

* significantly different at 10% level of significance

Drinking Status of Filipino Adolescents
OPERATIONAL
DEFINITION DRINKING

CURRENT DRINKERS
– those who consumed one or more drinks of any type of
alcohol in the year preceding the survey

Reference: World Health Organization

Proportion of current drinkers among adolescents, >10 to
19 years old: Philippines and Cagayan Province, 2018
50

40
Prevalence (%)

30

20.2
20 16.8

10

0
Philippines Cagayan Province
90% LL 15.2 17.1
CI
UL 18.4 23.3
Prevalence of anemia among adolescents, >13 to 19
years old: Philippines and Cagayan Province, 2018
20

15

Prevalence (%)
10.2
10
8.1

Philippines Cagayan Province

LL 7.4 7.0
90%
UL 8.8 13.4
CI
Significance Mild Mild
Prevalence of anemia among adolescents, >13 to 19
years old by sex: Cagayan Province, 2018
50

40

Prevalence (%) 30

20

12.8
10.2
10 7.3

All Male Female

Summary
• Male current smokers are significantly higher than female current
smokers
• Anemia prevalence is of mild public health concern
Summary
• Stunting prevalence is more prevalent in poor than non-poor
households
• Overweight and obese adolescents are more prevalent in non-poor
than poor households
• Majority of adolescents were insufficiently physically inactive;
prevalence among females is significantly higher than in males
• Male current smokers are significantly higher than female current
smokers
• Anemia prevalence is of mild public health concern
 Prevalence of chronic energy deficiency (CED), overweight and obesity
among lactating mothers, 2018
PHILIPPINES CAGAYAN PROVINCE

CED Overweight and Obese CED Overweight and Obese

50 50
Prevalence (%)

Prevalence (%)
40 40
28.5 29.5
30 30
20 11.0 20
9.8
10 10
0 0
90% CI CED Overweight and Obese 90% CI CED Overweight and Obese
Lower Limit 9.5 26.1 Lower Limit 4.9 22.0

Upper Limit 12.5 30.9 Upper Limit 14.7 36.9

09/03/2021
 Prevalence of anemia among lactating mothers and non-
pregnant/non-lactating women of reproductive age, 15-49 years old:
Philippines and Cagayan Province, 2018
Non- Preg/Lact Lactating
50
Prevalence (%)

40
30 19.9
20 11.6 14.4 15.4
10
0
Philippines Cagayan Province

90% CI NPNL Lactating 90% CI NPNL Lactating

Lower Limit 11.0 12.5 Lower Limit 12.1 7.6
Upper Limit 12.3 16.3 Upper Limit 18.6 32.1

09/03/2021
ºMedian UIE and Percent UIE below 50ug/L among non- pregnant/non-lactating women
of reproductive age, 15-49 years old: Philippines and Cagayan Province, 2018

250 50

Percentage (%)
200 187 40
170
Median

30
150
20
11.3 9.5
100 10
50 0
Philippines Cagayan Province Philippines Cagayan Province
90% LL 167.9 171.5 90% LL 10.7 6.9
CI 172.1 202.5 CI 12.0 12.2
UL UL

ºIodine Intake based on median UIE

<100 ug/L – Insufficient
100-199 ug/L – Adequate
200-299 ug/L – More than Adequate
300 ug/L and up - Excessive
 ºMedian UIE and Percent UIE below 50ug/L among lactating mothers of
reproductive age, 15-49 years old: Philippines and Cagayan Province, 2018
250 50

Percentage (%)
200 40
Median

147 30
150 21.2
103 20 15.7
100 10
50 0
Philippines Cagayan Province* Philippines Cagayan Province
90% LL 98.5 108.8 90% LL 19.7 8.1
CI 106.5 185.1 CI 22.8 23.3
UL UL

ºIodine Intake based on median UIE * significantly different at 10% level of significance
<100 ug/L – Insufficient
100-199 ug/L – Adequate
200-299 ug/L – More than Adequate
300 ug/L and up - Excessive
 SUMMARY
• 1 in every 3 non- pregnant/non-lactating women and lactating mothers are
overweight/obese in Cagayan Province.

• Proportion of nutritionally-at-risk pregnant women is higher in Cagayan Province compared

to the national estimate, though not statistically significant.

• Prevalence of anemia is higher among non-pregnant/non-lactating women and lactating

mothers in Cagayan Province compared to the national estimate, though not statistically
significant.

• Non-pregnant/non-lactating women in Cagayan Province have adequate iodine intake

however pockets of the population group (9.5%) have UIE level below 50 ug/L.

• Lactating mothers in Cagayan Province have adequate iodine intake however pockets of the
population group (15.7%) have UIE level below 50 ug/L.
Health and Nutritional Status of
Filipino Adults
Cagayan Province
 Trends in the Prevalence of Chronic Energy Deficiency
and Overweight and Obesity among Adults,
20 years old and above: Philippines, 1993-2018
50

40 37.2
Prevalence (%)

31.1 31.1
28.4
30 26.6
24.0
20.2
20 16.6

10 13.9 13.2 12.3 11.6 10.3

10.0 10.0
8.0
0
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Based on the WHO Body Mass Index (BMI) cut-off points

 Nutritional Status° of ADULTS, 20-59 years old:
Philippines, 2015 and 2018
50
2015 2018
40
Prevalence (%)

30
28.8
24.7
20

9.0 9.6
10 6.9 7.2

0
Chronic Energy Deficient Overweight * Obese *
* * significantly different at 5% level of significance

° Based on the WHO Body Mass Index (BMI) cut-off points

 Nutritional Status of Adults, 20 to 59 years old:
Philippines and Cagayan Province, 2018
50 PHILIPPINES 50 CAGAYAN PROVINCE
40 40

Prevalence (%)
Prevalence (%)

30
28.8 30 25.9
20 20

6.9 9.6 7.0

10 10 6.4
0 0
Chronic Energy Overweight Obese Chronic Energy Overweight Obese
Deficient Deficient * *

90% LL 6.6 28.4 9.3 90% LL 5.6 23.9 5.7

CI UL 7.1 29.2 9.9 CI UL 8.4 28.0 7.1

* significantly different at 10% level of significance

 Chronic Energy Deficiency among Adults, 20-59 years old,
by age group, sex, and wealth status: Cagayan Province, 2018

20 20 25
Prevalence (%)

20
15 15

15
10.3
10 10 10.8
7.7 7.2
7.0 6.9 10
5.0 5.0 6.0
5 5
5

0 0 0
ALL 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y Male Female Poor
* Non-Poor

* significantly different at 10% level of significance

 Overweight among Adults, 20-59 years old, by age group, sex, and
wealth status: Cagayan Province, 2018

50 50 50
Prevalence (%)

40 40 40
31.9
30.3 30.0
30 28.7 30 30
25.9 25.6
21.9
20 17.5 20 20
13.8

10 10 10

0 0 0
ALL 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y Male
* Female Poor
* Non-Poor

* significantly different at 10% level of significance

 Obesity among Adults, 20-59 years old, by age group, sex, and
wealth status: Cagayan Province, 2018

50 50 50
Prevalence (%)

40 40 40

30 30 30

20 20 20

10 10 8.5 10 7.7
6.4 6.9 7.2 5.9
5.8 4.4
2.9

0 0 0
ALL 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y Male
* Female Poor
* Non-Poor

* significantly different at 10% level of significance

 Trends in the Prevalence of High Waist
Circumference (WC)° among Adults, 20 years old
and above: Philippines, 2003-2018
40

Male Female
Prevalence (%)

30
23.1 23.5
19.0 19.9
18.5
20 17.0

10
3.1 3.2 3.8 3.0 3.9
2.4

0
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

° High WC is ≥102 cm (>40in) for males or ≥88 cm (>34in) for females

 Trends in the Prevalence of High Waist-Hip Ratio
(WHR)° among Adults, 20 years old and above:
Philippines, 2003-2018
Male Female
80

65.5 63.7
62.5 63.2
57.9
Prevalence (%)

60 54.8
*
40

20
12.1 11.1
6.9 8.0 7.1 8.3

0
*
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

° High WHR is ≥1.00 for males or ≥0.85 for females

Prevalence of High Waist Circumference and High Waist-Hip Ratio among
Adults, 20 to 59 years old: Philippines and Cagayan Province, 2018

100 PHILIPPINES 100 CAGAYAN PROVINCE

Prevalence (%)
Prevalence (%)

80 80

60 60

40 35.3 40
29.5
20 13.5 20
9.3
0 0
High Waist Circumference High Waist-Hip Ratio High Waist Circumference High Waist-Hip Ratio

* *
90% LL 13.2 34.9 90% LL 8.5 27.5
CI UL 13.8 35.7 CI UL 10.1 31.5

* significantly different at 10% level of significance

 High Waist Circumference among Adults, 20-59 years old,
by age group, sex, and wealth status: Cagayan Province, 2018

40 40 40

35 35 35
Prevalence (%)

30 30 30

25 25 25

20 20 17.3 20

15 12.1 12.6 15 15
11.0
9.3 8.3
10 10 10
4.8 4.8
5 5 1.9 5

0 0 0
ALL 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y Male
* Female Poor
* Non-Poor

* significantly different at 10% level of significance

Prevalence of Anemia among Adults°, 20-59 years old, by sex,
place of residence, and wealth status: Philippines, 2018
15 15
12.7
Prevalence (%)

Prevalence (%)
2013 2018
11.2
9.3
10 8.3 10 9.0
7.6
6.0
5.2
5 5

2013 2018
0 0
ALL Male Female Rural Urban

15
Prevalence (%)

10 9.0 8.6 8.5 8.2

7.1

0 ° excluding pregnant or
Poorest Poor Middle Rich Richest lactating women
 Prevalence of Anemia among Adults°,
20-59 years old: Philippines and Cagayan Province, 2018
PHILIPPINES CAGAYAN PROVINCE
20 20

15.9

Prevalence (%)
Prevalence (%)

15 15
12.9

9.9
10 8.3 10

5 5

0 0
Anemia Anemia
* Male
* Female

90% LL 7.7 90% LL 10.4

* significantly different at 10% level of significance
CI UL 9.0 CI UL 15.4

° excluding pregnant or lactating women

 Trend in the Prevalence of Elevated Blood Pressure°
among Adults, 20 years old and above: Philippines, 1993-2018
30
25.3
25 22.0 23.9
22.5 22.3
21.0
Prevalence (%)

19.2
20

15

10
° Based on a single-visit blood pressure measurement,
5
systolic blood pressure of 140 mmHg or higher and/or a
diastolic pressure of 90 mmHg or higher (JNC VII, 2004)
0
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
 Elevated Blood Pressure among ADULTS,
20-59 years old, by age group and sex:
Philippines, 2015 vs 2018
50
50
2015 2018 2015 2018
Prevalence (%)

Prevalence (%)
40 36.3 40

30.0
30 28.3 30
25.3
20.8 22.2 20.2
20 20 16.9
16.0 16.7
12.7
11.7
9.1 10
10
5.5
2015 2018 0
0
ALL * 20-29 y * 30-39 y * 40-49 y * 50-59 y *
Male
* Female
*
* significantly different at 5% level of significance
Prevalence of Elevated Blood Pressure among Adults, 20 to
59 years old: Philippines and Cagayan Province, 2018
20

16.0 15.8

Prevalence (%)
15

10

0
Philippines Cagayan Province

LL 15.6 14.0
90% CI
UL 16.4 17.6
 Elevated Blood Pressure among Adults, 20-59 years old,
by age group, sex, and wealth status: Cagayan Province, 2018

40 40 40

35 35 35
Prevalence (%)

30 30 30

25 24.0 25 25
22.4 21.2
20 20 20
15.8 16.7
15
14.1 15 15
14.1
10.6
10 10 10
5.1
5 5 5

0 0 0
ALL 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y Male
* Female Poor Non-poor

* significantly different at 10% level of significance

 Trend in the Prevalence of High Fasting Blood Sugar
among Adults, 20 years old and above:
Philippines, 2003-2018
10
High FBS: ≥126 mg/dL
8.2
Impaired blood sugar: 110-125 mg/dL
8
Prevalence (%)

5.6 7.9
6
4.8
4 3.4
4.3
2 2.7

0
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
 High Fasting Blood Sugar among ADULTS,
20-59 years old, by age group and sex:
Philippines, 2013 vs 2018
20 20

2013 2018 2013 2018

Prevalence (%)

15 15

Prevalence (%)
12.9
10.6
10 8.6 10
6.7 6.3 6.8 6.6
4.7 4.7 5.1
5 5 4.3
3.2
1.0 1.6
2013 2018
0 0
ALL * 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y Male
* Female
*
* significantly different at 5% level of significance
Prevalence of High Fasting Blood Sugar among Adults, 20 to
59 years old: Philippines and Cagayan Province, 2018
20

Prevalence (%)
15

10
6.7
5 4.1

0
Philippines Cagayan Province
*
LL 6.2 2.4
90% CI
UL 7.2 5.9
* significantly different at 10% level of significance
High Fasting Blood Sugar among Adults, 20-59 years old,
by age group and sex: Cagayan Province, 2018
30 30
Prevalence (%)

25 25

20 20

15 15

10 10
5.2 4.6 4.6
5 4.1 4.2 3.8
2.9 5

0 0
ALL 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y Male Female
 Smoking Status

Current Smokers are those who either smoke on a “daily”

basis (at least one cigarette a day) or on a regular/occasional
basis (at least weekly or less often than weekly)
World Health Organization. (2008). WHO STEPS Surveillance Manual.
 Current Smoking° among Adults, 20 years
old and above: Philippines, 1998-2018
40
34.8
32.7
31.0
30
Proportion (%)

25.4
23.3
20.7
20

10

° Are those who either smoke on a “daily” basis (at least one cigarette a day) or on a
regular/occasional basis (at least weekly or less often than weekly)
- World Health Organization. (2008). WHO STEPS Surveillance Manual.
 Current Smoking among ADULTS, 20-59 years old,
by age group, sex, and place of residence:
Philippines, 2015 vs 2018
60 60
2015 2018 2015 2018

50 50
44.5
Prevalence (%)

41.3

Prevalence (%)
40 40

30 30
24.0 25.0 23.9 23.4 23.6
21.5 22.0 22.5 20.9
20.3
20 20

10 6.3 5.8
10
2015 2018
0
0
ALL * 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y
Male * Female

* significantly different at 5% level of significance

 Proportion of Current Smokers among Adults,
20 to 59 years old: Philippines and Cagayan Province, 2018
30

25

Proportion (%)
21.5 20.3
20

15

10

0
Philippines Cagayan Province

LL 20.7 18.7
90% CI
UL 22.4 21.9
 Current Smoking among Adults, 20-59 years old,
by age group, sex, and wealth status: Cagayan Province, 2018

50 50 50

40 40 37.8 40
Proportion (%)

30 30 30 26.1
22.8
20.3 19.3 20.9
20
18.8 20 20 18.1

10 10 10
4.1

0 0 0
ALL 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y Male
* Female Poor
* Non-Poor

* significantly different at 10% level of significance

 Smokeless Smoking Status

Current Smokeless Tobacco Use are those persons who

currently use at least one smokeless tobacco product (tobacco
and other products are not smoked but consumed by other
means --- snuff by keeping in mouth or nose, chewing tobacco,
use of betel nut, quid)
World Health Organization. (2008). WHO STEPS Surveillance Manual.
Proportion of Current Smokeless Tobacco Users among Adults,
20 to 59 years old: Philippines and Cagayan Province, 2018
50

Proportion (%)
40

30

20

10 7.1
2.3
0
Philippines Cagayan Province *
LL 2.0 5.1
90%
CI UL 2.7 9.1
* significantly different at 10% level of significance
 Alcohol Consumption Status
CURRENT Those who consumed 1 or more drinks of any
type of alcohol in the year preceding the survey
DRINKERS
FORMER Those who did not consume 1 or more drinks
DRINKERS during the year preceding the survey

LIFETIME Those who never consumed 1 or more drinks of

ABSTAINERS any type of alcohol in their entire lifetime

World Health Organization. (2015). Indicator and Measurement Registry version 1.7. Alcohol consumers, past 12 months
World Health Organization. (2015). Global Health Observatory (GHO) Data. Abstainers, past 12 months.
 BINGE DRINKING
or the harmful use of alcohol means excessive
consumption of alcoholic beverages in a single
occasion, specifically the intake of…

drinking 5 or more standard drinks in a row for men or

drinking of 4 or more standard drinks in a row for women
among those who reported drinking alcoholic
beverages in the past 30 days.
National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. (2004). NIAAA council approves definition of binge drinking.
 Binge Drinking° among currently drinking
ADULTS, 20-59 years old, in the past 30 days by
age group and sex: Philippines, 2018
70 70 64.4
60 55.7 55.2 57.1 54.7 55.6 60
Proportion (%)

Proportion (%)
50 50

40 40
31.0
30 30

20 20

10
10
0
0
ALL 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y
Male
* Female

° Drinking 5 or more standard drinks in a row for men * significantly different at 5% level of significance
or 4 or more standard drinks in a row for women
Proportion of Binge Drinkers among currently drinking Adults, 20-59 years
old, in the past 30 days: Philippines and Cagayan Province, 2018

80

60.8

Proportion (%)
60 55.7

40

20

0
Philippines Cagayan Province

LL 53.3 57.8
90% CI
UL 58.1 63.8
 Proportion of Binge Drinkers among currently
drinking Adults, 20-59 years old, in the past 30 days by age
group, sex, and wealth status: Cagayan Province, 2018
80 80 80

70 70 66.2 70 64.4
Prevalence (%)

60.8 60.2 60.0 61.6

58.8 59.2
60 60 60

50 50 50

40 40 40

30 30 30

20 20 17.2 20

10 10 10

0 0 0
ALL 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y Male
* Female Poor Non-Poor

* significantly different at 10% level of significance

 INSUFFICIENT PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

A person not meeting any of the following criteria is considered being physically
inactive or insufficiently physically active:

- 75 minutes (3 or more days) of vigorous-intensity physical activity (e.g. running)

per week or
- 150 minutes (5 or more days) of moderate-intensity physical activity per week
(or walking of at least 30 minutes per day) or
- an equivalent combination of moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity
achieving at least 600 Metabolic Equivalents-minutes per week
- World Health Organization. (2010). Global recommendations on physical activity for health.
 Physical Inactivity° among ADULTS, 20-59 years old,
by age group and sex: Philippines, 2015 vs 2018

70 2015 2018 70 2015 2018

60 60
51.6
Proportion (%)

Proportion (%)
50 45.0 45.7 50 46.6
40.7 40.6 40.2 40.3 38.9
40 37.3 37.0 37.8 40
32.9
30 30 28.0

20 20

10 10
2015 2018
0 0
ALL 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y Male Female

° A person not meeting any of the following criteria:

 75 mins of vigorous-intensity physical activity per week (≥ 3 days of vigorous-intensity activity of at least 20 mins per day) OR
 150 mins of moderate-intensity physical activity per week (≥ 5 days of moderate-intensity activity or walking of at least 30 mins per day) OR
 an equivalent combination of moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity achieving at least 600 MET-minutes per week
- World Health Organization (2010). Global recommendations on physical activity for health.
 Proportion of Physically Inactive Adults,
20 to 59 years old: Philippines and Cagayan Province, 2018
60

50

Proportion (%)
40.6 40.0
40

30

20

10

0
Philippines Cagayan Province

LL 38.1 36.9
90% CI
UL 43.1 43.1
 Physical Inactivity° among Adults, 20-59 years old,
by age group, sex, and wealth status:
Cagayan Province, 2018
80 80 80

70 70 70
Proportion (%)

60 60 60

46.1 50
48.4
50 50 43.7
40.0 37.9 38.0
40 36.8 40 40
31.1 29.9
30 30 30

20 20 20

10 10 10

0 0 0
ALL 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y Male
* Female Poor
* Non-Poor

* significantly different at 10% level of significance

° A person not meeting any of the following criteria:
 75 mins of vigorous-intensity physical activity per week (≥ 3 days of vigorous-intensity activity of at least 20 mins per day) OR
 150 mins of moderate-intensity physical activity per week (≥ 5 days of moderate-intensity activity or walking of at least 30 mins per day) OR
 an equivalent combination of moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity achieving at least 600 MET-minutes per week

- World Health Organization (2010). Global recommendations on physical activity for health.
Summary (Adults)
 Chronic energy deficiency was nearly similar with the
Philippine estimate
 Overweight and obesity, including android obesity
(high WC and WHR) were significantly lower than the national
estimate.
 Anemia was of “mild” public health significance.
 Raised blood pressure was significantly greater among male adults.
 High fasting blood sugar was significantly lower than the national
prevalence.
Summary (Adults)
 Current smoking in Cagayan Province was significantly
greater among male adults and those living in poor households.
 The proportion of current smokeless tobacco users (7.1%) was
significantly higher than the national estimate.
 More male adults than females were engaged in binge drinking.
 Physical inactivity was significantly greater among female
adults and those belonging to the non-poor households.
Health and Nutritional Status
of Filipino Elderly
Cagayan Province
 Nutritional Status of the Elderly,
60 years old and above: Philippines, 2018
50
2015 2018
40
Prevalence (%)

30
24.7
21.3
20 17.2
13.4
10 6.3
4.8
0
Chronic Energy Deficient
* Overweight
* Obese
*
* significantly different at 5% level of significance
Chronic Energy Deficiency among Elderly, 60 years old
and above: Philippines and Cagayan Province, 2018
30

Proportion (%)
20
19.2
13.4
10

0
Philippines Cagayan Province
*
LL 12.9 17.1
90% CI
UL 14.0 21.3
* significantly different at 10% level of significance
 Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among Elderly,
60 years old and above: Philippines and Cagayan Province, 2018

50 PHILIPPINES 50 CAGAYAN PROVINCE

40 40

Prevalence (%)
Prevalence (%)

30 24.7 30
20.1
20 20

10 6.3 10
3.3
0 0
Overweight Obese Overweight Obese
* *

90% LL 23.9 5.9 90% LL 16.9 1.9

CI UL 25.5 6.8 CI UL 23.4 4.8

* significantly different at 10% level of significance

 High Waist Circumference among Elderly MALES,
60 years old and above, by age group and place
of residence: Philippines, 2015 vs 2018
10 10
2015 2018 2015 2018
Prevalence (%)

8 8 7.5

6 6
4.8 5.0 4.9 4.7
4 3.3 3.5 4
2.9 2.7 2.7
2.1
2 2
0.9
2015 2018
0 0
ALL 60-69 y 70-79 y 80 y & over Rural Urban *
* significantly different at 5% level of significance
 High Waist Circumference among Elderly FEMALES,
60 years old and above, by age group, and
place of residence: Philippines, 2015 vs 2018
40 2015 2018 40 2015 2018
34.5
Prevalence (%)

30 27.9 30 28.2
25.8
24.2 23.8
22.2 21.6
20.0 20.6
20 20
15.8 16.1

10 10

2015 2018
0 0
ALL * 60-69 y 70-79 y 80 y & above Rural * Urban
*
* significantly different at 5% level of significance
 High Waist-Hip Ratio among Elderly MALES,
60 years old and above, by age group and place of
residence: Philippines, 2015 vs 2018
30 30
Proportion (%)

2015 2018 2015 2018

25 25
21.9
20 20
16.4 16.0 16.6
15.9
15 13.5 15
12.8 11.9 11.4
9.5 9.4
10 8.7 10

5 5
2015 2018
0 0
ALL 60-69 y 70-79 y 80y & over Rural Urban
 High Waist-Hip Ratio among Elderly FEMALES,
60 years old and above, by age group and place
of residence: Philippines, 2015 vs 2018
100 100 2015 2018
2015 2018
Proportion (%)

77.8
80 73.8 80
72.0 69.7 66.5 70.0
64.1 67.2 65.4
59.9 57.9
60 55.6 60

40 40

20 20
2015 2018
0 0
ALL * 60-69 y * 70-79 y * 80y & over * Rural
* Urban
*
* significantly different at 5% level of significance
Prevalence of High Waist Circumference and High Waist-Hip Ratio among
Elderly, 60 years old and above: Philippines and Cagayan Province, 2018

100 PHILIPPINES 100 CAGAYAN PROVINCE

Prevalence (%)

80

Prevalence (%)
80

60 47.7 60

40 40 35.9
17.8
20 20 10.4
0 0
High Waist Circumference High Waist-Hip Ratio High Waist Circumference High Waist-Hip Ratio
*
*
90% LL 17.1 46.7 90% LL 7.4 32.7
CI UL 18.6 48.6 CI UL 13.4 39.0

* significantly different at 10% level of significance

 Anemia among Elderly, 60 years old and above, by sex,
place of residence, and wealth status: Philippines, 2013 vs 2018
30 2013 2018 30 2018
Prevalence (%)

Prevalence (%)
25 23.0 23.3 25
21.7
20.8 20.2 19.1 17.8 18.3
20 20

15 15

10 10

5 5
2013 2018
0 0
ALL Male Female Rural Urban

30
2018
Prevalence (%)

25
24.1
21.1 21.8
20
16.8 17.4

15

10

0
Poorest Poor Middle Rich Richest
Prevalence of Anemia among Elderly, 60 years old and above:
Philippines and Cagayan Province, 2018
40

31.7

Proportion (%)
30

20.2
20

10

0
Philippines Cagayan Province *
LL 17.7 28.3
90% CI
UL 22.8 35.1

* significantly different at 10% level of significance

 Percent distribution of UIE values among the Elderly,
60 years old and above: Philippines, 2013 vs 2018
50
2013 2018
Median UIE = 80 μg/L Median UIE = 108 μg/L
Prev <50 μg/L = 33.8% Prev <50 μg/L = 23.8% 2013 2018
40
Percentage (%)

30.4
30 27.6
24.0 23.8

20 18.8
15.0 15.5
12.9
8.9 9.6
10 7.8
5.8

0
<20 μg/L 20-49 μg/L 50-99 μg/L 100-199 μg/L 200-299 μg/L ≥300 μg/L
 Median UIE° and Percent UIE below 50 μg/L among Elderly, 60
years old and above: Philippines and Cagayan Province, 2018

60
200
Median UIE (μg/L)

Percentage (%)
50
150 129.0 40
108.0
100 30 23.3 22.4
20
50
10
0 0
Philippines Cagayan Province Philippines Cagayan Province

LL 105.2 109.9 LL 20.4 17.2

90% 90%
CI CI UL
UL 110.3 147.5 26.3 27.7

°Iodine Intake based on median UIE

<100 μg/L – Insufficient
100-199 μg/L – Adequate
200-299 μg/L – More than adequate
300 μg/L and up – Excessive
 Elevated Blood Pressure° among the ELDERLY,
60 years old and above, by age group and sex:
Philippines, 2015 vs 2018
50 2015 2018 50 2015 2018

41.2 40.6 42.7 40.6 40.8 41.5

Prevalence (%)

40 37.1 36.8 40 36.8

Prevalence (%)
35.0 33.8 33.6
30 30

20 20

10 10

2015 2018
0
0
ALL * 60-69 y * 70-79 y
* 80y & over
Male * Female *
° Based on a single-visit blood pressure measurement, systolic blood pressure of * significantly different at 5% level of significance
140 mmHg or higher and/or a diastolic pressure of 90 mmHg or higher
- 7th Joint National Committee on detection and treatment of high blood pressure (JNC VII, 2004)
 High Fasting Blood Sugar among the ELDERLY,
60 years old and above, by age group and sex:
Philippines, 2013 vs 2018
20 20
2013 2018 2013 2018
Prevalence (%)

15.3
15 13.8 15 13.8 13.9

Prevalence (%)
12.5
11.8 11.4
11.0 10.6
10 9.2 10

6.4 5.9
5
5

2013 2018
0
0 Male Female
ALL 60-69 y 70-79 y 80y & above
Prevalence of Elevated Blood Pressure and High Fasting Blood Sugar among
Elderly, 60 years old and above: Philippines and Cagayan Province, 2018

50 PHILIPPINES 50
CAGAYAN PROVINCE

Prevalence (%)
Prevalence (%)

40 35.0 40
30.4
30 30

20 20
13.8
10.8
10 10

0 0
Elevated Blood Pressure High Fasting Blood Sugar Elevated Blood Pressure High Fasting Blood Sugar

90% LL 33.7 12.2 90% LL 26.7 6.8

CI UL 36.2 15.5 CI UL 34.0 14.9
 Smoking Status

Current Smokers are those who either smoke on a “daily”

basis (at least one cigarette a day) or on a regular/occasional
basis (at least weekly or less often than weekly)
World Health Organization. (2008). WHO STEPS Surveillance Manual.
 Smokeless Smoking Status

Current Smokeless Tobacco Use are those persons who

currently use at least one smokeless tobacco product (tobacco
and other products are not smoked but consumed by other
means --- snuff by keeping in mouth or nose, chewing tobacco,
use of betel nut, quid)
World Health Organization. (2008). WHO STEPS Surveillance Manual.
 Current Smoking° among the ELDERLY,
60 years old and above, by age group and sex:
Philippines, 2015 vs 2018
50 50
2015 2018 2015 2018
Proportion (%)

40 40

Proportion (%)
32.0
30 30 28.2

21.2
19.2 18.8 20
20 16.3 17.0
12.6 11.8
9.0 9.4
10 10 7.5
2015 2018
0 0
ALL * 60-69y 70-79 y * 80y & over Male Female

° Are those who either smoke on a “daily” basis (at least one cigarette a day) * significantly different at
5% level of significance
or on a regular/occasional basis (at least weekly or less often than weekly)
- World Health Organization (2008). WHO STEPS Surveillance Manual.
 Alcohol Consumption Status
CURRENT Those who consumed 1 or more drinks of any
type of alcohol in the year preceding the survey
DRINKERS
FORMER Those who did not consume 1 or more drinks
DRINKERS during the year preceding the survey

LIFETIME Those who never consumed 1 or more drinks of

ABSTAINERS any type of alcohol in their entire lifetime

World Health Organization. (2015). Indicator and Measurement Registry version 1.7. Alcohol consumers, past 12 months
World Health Organization. (2015). Global Health Observatory (GHO) Data. Abstainers, past 12 months.
 Current Alcohol Drinking among the ELDERLY,
60 years old and above, by age group and sex:
Philippines, 2015 vs 2018
70 70
2015 2018 2015 2018
60 60

Proportion (%)
Proportion (%)

50 50
48.5 48.6

40 40
32.2 33.8
30 27.8 28.2 30
21.7 20.4 20
20 15.5 12.0 13.0
10.4 10
10 2015 2018
0
0 Male Female
ALL 60-69 y 70-79 y 80y & over
 INSUFFICIENT PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

A person not meeting any of the following criteria is considered being physically
inactive or insufficiently physically active:

- 75 minutes (3 or more days) of vigorous-intensity physical activity (e.g. running)

per week or
- 150 minutes (5 or more days) of moderate-intensity physical activity per week
(or walking of at least 30 minutes per day) or
- an equivalent combination of moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity
achieving at least 600 Metabolic Equivalents-minutes per week
- World Health Organization. (2010). Global recommendations on physical activity for health.
 Physical Inactivity among the ELDERLY,
60 years old and above, by age group and sex:
Philippines, 2015 vs 2018
80 77.6 80
2015 2018 70.6
2015 2018
61.8

Proportion (%)
59.9
Proportion (%)

60 56.6 60 55.0
52.6 50.6
45.1 45.4 42.9 44.7

40 40

20
20

2015 2018
0
0 Male Female
ALL 60-69 y 70-79 y 80y & over
Proportion of Current Smokers, Current Smokeless Tobacco Users,
Current Alcohol Drinkers, and Physically Inactive Elderly,
60 years old and above: Philippines and Cagayan Province, 2018
80 PHILIPPINES 80
CAGAYAN PROVINCE
Proportion (%)

Proportion (%)
60
50.6 60 55.2

40 40
28.2 27.6
16.3 19.3
20 20
3.6 8.5
0 0
Current Smokers Current Smokeless Current Alcohol Physically Inactive Current Smokers Current Smokeless Current Alcohol Physically Inactive
Tobacco Users Drinkers Tobacco Users Drinkers

*
90% LL 15.5 3.2 25.8 48.5 90% LL 16.4 6.2 23.9 48.6
CI UL 17.1 4.0 30.5 52.7 CI UL 22.2 10.8 31.3 61.8

* significantly different at 10% level of significance

Summary (Elderly)
 Chronic energy deficiency was significantly higher in Cagayan
Province compared with the national estimate.
 Overweight and obesity, including android obesity (high WC and
high WHR) were significantly lower than the Philippine prevalence.
 Anemia was of “moderate” public health significance.
 Iodine intake in Cagayan Province was adequate based on median
UIE.
 About 3 in every 10 elderly (30.4%) had elevated blood pressure.
 High fasting blood sugar was slightly lesser than the national
prevalence but not significant.
Summary (Elderly)
 Current smoking was slightly higher in Cagayan Province
compared with the national estimate however, the difference was
not significant.
 The proportion of current smokeless tobacco users (8.5%) was
significantly higher than the national estimate.
 Current alcohol drinking was nearly the same with the national
proportion.
 About half (55.2%) of the elderly in Cagayan Province were
physically inactive.
Department of Science and Technology - Food and Nutrition Research Institute

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