READING

1. Menanyakan Gambaran Umum

2. Menanyakan Informasi Spesifik
3. Menanyakan Informasi Tersirat
READING
4. Menanyakan Vocabulary & Reference
 SOAL
Gambaran Umum
Bornean orangutans are one of three orangutan species, all critically endangered. They thrive in carbon-rich peat
swamp forests on the Indonesian island of Borneo. These habitats are also the sites of massive wildfires. Indonesian
wildfires in 2015 caused some of the worst fire-driven air pollution ever recorded. The fires were driven by an El Niño
climatic cycle, which caused especially dry weather in the region.

Compared to other wildfires, peatland fires smolder underground and produce exceptionally high levels of hazardous
gases and particulate matter - a leading cause of global pollution-related deaths and illnesses. Orangutans are well
known as an "indicator species"- one that can serve as a proxy for the health of an ecosystem. Changes in their
environments often cause conspicuous changes in the apes' health and behavior. Frequent and persistent exposure to
toxic smoke could have severe consequences for orangutans and other wildlife.

Toxic air pollution also poses serious health and safety risks for researchers. However, remote sensing techniques, such
as satellite images, GPS data and acoustic monitoring, are increasingly popular ways to track wildlife populations and
see how creatures respond to changes in their environments. I have studied the behavior, ecology and acoustic
communication of wild primates in Indonesia since 2005. In a new study, my co-authors and I investigated how wild
orangutans in Borneo were affected by toxic emissions from Indonesia's 2015 peatland wildfires - by studying their
voices.

What does the text mainly discuss?

a. The occurrence of El Niño led to the extinction of orangutans
b. Different species of orangutans have several indicators in order to bring back the health of an ecosystem
c. The Indonesian wildfires that happened in 2015 affected wild orangutans
d. Toxic air pollution poses serious health and safety risks
Bornean orangutans are one of three orangutan species, all critically endangered. They thrive in carbon-rich peat
swamp forests on the Indonesian island of Borneo. These habitats are also the sites of massive wildfires. Indonesian
wildfires in 2015 caused some of the worst fire-driven air pollution ever recorded. The fires were driven by an El Niño
climatic cycle, which caused especially dry weather in the region.

Compared to other wildfires, peatland fires smolder underground and produce exceptionally high levels of hazardous
gases and particulate matter - a leading cause of global pollution-related deaths and illnesses. Orangutans are well
known as an "indicator species"- one that can serve as a proxy for the health of an ecosystem. Changes in their
environments often cause conspicuous changes in the apes' health and behavior. Frequent and persistent exposure to
toxic smoke could have severe consequences for orangutans and other wildlife.

Toxic air pollution also poses serious health and safety risks for researchers. However, remote sensing techniques, such
as satellite images, GPS data and acoustic monitoring, are increasingly popular ways to track wildlife populations and
see how creatures respond to changes in their environments. I have studied the behavior, ecology and acoustic
communication of wild primates in Indonesia since 2005. In a new study, my co-authors and I investigated how wild
orangutans in Borneo were affected by toxic emissions from Indonesia's 2015 peatland wildfires - by studying their
voices.

What does the text mainly discuss?

a. The occurrence of El Niño led to the extinction of orangutans
b. Different species of orangutans have several indicators in order to bring back the health of an ecosystem
c. The Indonesian wildfires that happened in 2015 affected wild orangutans
d. Toxic air pollution poses serious health and safety risks
 SOAL
Informasi Spesifik
Bornean orangutans are one of three orangutan species, all critically endangered. They thrive in carbon-rich peat
swamp forests on the Indonesian island of Borneo. These habitats are also the sites of massive wildfires. Indonesian
wildfires in 2015 caused some of the worst fire-driven air pollution ever recorded. The fires were driven by an El Niño
climatic cycle, which caused especially dry weather in the region.

Compared to other wildfires, peatland fires smolder underground and produce exceptionally high levels of hazardous
gases and particulate matter - a leading cause of global pollution-related deaths and illnesses. Orangutans are well
known as an "indicator species"- one that can serve as a proxy for the health of an ecosystem. Changes in their
environments often cause conspicuous changes in the apes' health and behavior. Frequent and persistent exposure to
toxic smoke could have severe consequences for orangutans and other wildlife.

Toxic air pollution also poses serious health and safety risks for researchers. However, remote sensing techniques, such
as satellite images, GPS data and acoustic monitoring, are increasingly popular ways to track wildlife populations and
see how creatures respond to changes in their environments. I have studied the behavior, ecology and acoustic
communication of wild primates in Indonesia since 2005. In a new study, my co-authors and I investigated how wild
orangutans in Borneo were affected by toxic emissions from Indonesia's 2015 peatland wildfires - by studying their
voices.

Which one is TURE according to the text...

a. Many species orangutans are endangered due to toxic smoke that happened in 2015
b. Researchers have conducted their best techniques in order to monitor toxic emissions
c. The health of an ecosystem can be seen by the health and behavior of the orangutans
d. The occurrence of El Nino has critically caused massive extinction of wild populations
Bornean orangutans are one of three orangutan species, all critically endangered. They thrive in carbon-rich peat
swamp forests on the Indonesian island of Borneo. These habitats are also the sites of massive wildfires. Indonesian
wildfires in 2015 caused some of the worst fire-driven air pollution ever recorded. The fires were driven by an El Niño
climatic cycle, which caused especially dry weather in the region.

Compared to other wildfires, peatland fires smolder underground and produce exceptionally high levels of hazardous
gases and particulate matter - a leading cause of global pollution-related deaths and illnesses. Orangutans are well
known as an "indicator species"- one that can serve as a proxy for the health of an ecosystem. Changes in their
environments often cause conspicuous changes in the apes' health and behavior. Frequent and persistent exposure to
toxic smoke could have severe consequences for orangutans and other wildlife.

Toxic air pollution also poses serious health and safety risks for researchers. However, remote sensing techniques, such
as satellite images, GPS data and acoustic monitoring, are increasingly popular ways to track wildlife populations and
see how creatures respond to changes in their environments. I have studied the behavior, ecology and acoustic
communication of wild primates in Indonesia since 2005. In a new study, my co-authors and I investigated how wild
orangutans in Borneo were affected by toxic emissions from Indonesia's 2015 peatland wildfires - by studying their
voices.

Which one is TURE according to the text...

a. Many species orangutans are endangered due to toxic smoke that happened in 2015
b. Researchers have conducted their best techniques in order to monitor toxic emissions
c. The health of an ecosystem can be seen by the health and behavior of the orangutans
d. The occurrence of El Nino has critically caused massive extinction of wild populations
 SOAL
Informasi Tersirat
Over a dozen journalists resigned on December 1 from Hong Kong Cable Television Limited, a major subscription-based TV
station in Hong Kong, in protest after the media company fired 40 editorial staff in what is perceived as a political
crackdown. Those laid off include the head of the China desk and the entire team of the award-winning News Lancet
program. The broadcaster cited financial reasons for the layoff, a claim the newsroom staff rebukes. The entire China desk,
a total of 12 people, has since resigned in protest, along with the heads of the international and finance desks and the
newsroom's chief assignment editor.
The layoffs were sudden and took immediate effect — those who were sacked were told to leave the office on the same
day. In shock, members of staff gathered outside the room of the news director demanding an explanation. Among those
laid off is Wong Lai-ping, former deputy news editor at the China desk. On a radio interview aired on December 2, she
rebuked the management's claim that the decision was made out of financial difficulties, remarking that in August, the
management fired the then-executive director Fung Tak-hung and replaced him with four new managers. Wong said that
the new management often made editorial requests, such as live broadcasts of China's foreign minister's regular press
conference, or modifying headlines. According to Wong, the newsroom staff refused to comply with such requests.
The Hong Kong Journalists Association commented on the layoffs, “Given the [New Lancet] team’s coverage of the police
and administration, it’s difficult not to see this as minimizing sensitive reporting in the name of cost-cutting”.
Based on the text, the trigger of this resignation en masse is the belief that ….

A. the previous layoffs were politically motivated

B. financial reasons affected the layoffs the most
C. the journalists could demand for higher salary
D. political crackdown barely prompted the layoffs
E. the management's disapproved of staffs' refusal of demands
Over a dozen journalists resigned on December 1 from Hong Kong Cable Television Limited, a major subscription-based TV
station in Hong Kong, in protest after the media company fired 40 editorial staff in what is perceived as a political
crackdown. Those laid off include the head of the China desk and the entire team of the award-winning News Lancet
program. The broadcaster cited financial reasons for the layoff, a claim the newsroom staff rebukes. The entire China desk,
a total of 12 people, has since resigned in protest, along with the heads of the international and finance desks and the
newsroom's chief assignment editor.
The layoffs were sudden and took immediate effect — those who were sacked were told to leave the office on the same
day. In shock, members of staff gathered outside the room of the news director demanding an explanation. Among those
laid off is Wong Lai-ping, former deputy news editor at the China desk. On a radio interview aired on December 2, she
rebuked the management's claim that the decision was made out of financial difficulties, remarking that in August, the
management fired the then-executive director Fung Tak-hung and replaced him with four new managers. Wong said that
the new management often made editorial requests, such as live broadcasts of China's foreign minister's regular press
conference, or modifying headlines. According to Wong, the newsroom staff refused to comply with such requests.
The Hong Kong Journalists Association commented on the layoffs, “Given the [New Lancet] team’s coverage of the police
and administration, it’s difficult not to see this as minimizing sensitive reporting in the name of cost-cutting”.
Based on the text, the trigger of this resignation en masse is the belief that ….

A. the previous layoffs were politically motivated

B. financial reasons affected the layoffs the most
C. the journalists could demand for higher salary
D. political crackdown barely prompted the layoffs
E. the management's disapproved of staffs' refusal of demands
 SOAL
Vocabulary & Reference
Bornean orangutans are one of three orangutan species, all critically endangered. They thrive in carbon-rich peat
swamp forests on the Indonesian island of Borneo. These habitats are also the sites of massive wildfires. Indonesian
wildfires in 2015 caused some of the worst fire-driven air pollution ever recorded. The fires were driven by an El Niño
climatic cycle, which caused especially dry weather in the region.

Compared to other wildfires, peatland fires smolder underground and produce exceptionally high levels of hazardous
gases and particulate matter - a leading cause of global pollution-related deaths and illnesses. Orangutans are well
known as an "indicator species"- one that can serve as a proxy for the health of an ecosystem. Changes in their
environments often cause conspicuous changes in the apes' health and behavior. Frequent and persistent exposure to
toxic smoke could have severe consequences for orangutans and other wildlife.

Toxic air pollution also poses serious health and safety risks for researchers. However, remote sensing techniques, such
as satellite images, GPS data and acoustic monitoring, are increasingly popular ways to track wildlife populations and
see how creatures respond to changes in their environments. I have studied the behavior, ecology and acoustic
communication of wild primates in Indonesia since 2005. In a new study, my co-authors and I investigated how wild
orangutans in Borneo were affected by toxic emissions from Indonesia's 2015 peatland wildfires - by studying their
voices.

The word these in paragraph 1 refers to...

a. Bornean orangutans
b. The Indonesian island of borneo
c. Swamp forests
d. Massiev wildfires
Bornean orangutans are one of three orangutan species, all critically endangered. They thrive in carbon-rich peat
swamp forests on the Indonesian island of Borneo. These habitats are also the sites of massive wildfires. Indonesian
wildfires in 2015 caused some of the worst fire-driven air pollution ever recorded. The fires were driven by an El Niño
climatic cycle, which caused especially dry weather in the region.

Compared to other wildfires, peatland fires smolder underground and produce exceptionally high levels of hazardous
gases and particulate matter - a leading cause of global pollution-related deaths and illnesses. Orangutans are well
known as an "indicator species"- one that can serve as a proxy for the health of an ecosystem. Changes in their
environments often cause conspicuous changes in the apes' health and behavior. Frequent and persistent exposure to
toxic smoke could have severe consequences for orangutans and other wildlife.

Toxic air pollution also poses serious health and safety risks for researchers. However, remote sensing techniques, such
as satellite images, GPS data and acoustic monitoring, are increasingly popular ways to track wildlife populations and
see how creatures respond to changes in their environments. I have studied the behavior, ecology and acoustic
communication of wild primates in Indonesia since 2005. In a new study, my co-authors and I investigated how wild
orangutans in Borneo were affected by toxic emissions from Indonesia's 2015 peatland wildfires - by studying their
voices.

The word these in paragraph 1 refers to...

a. Bornean orangutans
b. The Indonesian island of borneo
c. Swamp forests
d. Massiev wildfires
SOAL
Bornean orangutans are one of three orangutan species, all critically endangered. They thrive in carbon-rich peat
swamp forests on the Indonesian island of Borneo. These habitats are also the sites of massive wildfires. Indonesian
wildfires in 2015 caused some of the worst fire-driven air pollution ever recorded. The fires were driven by an El Niño
climatic cycle, which caused especially dry weather in the region.

Compared to other wildfires, peatland fires smolder underground and produce exceptionally high levels of hazardous
gases and particulate matter - a leading cause of global pollution-related deaths and illnesses. Orangutans are well
known as an "indicator species"- one that can serve as a proxy for the health of an ecosystem. Changes in their
environments often cause conspicuous changes in the apes' health and behavior. Frequent and persistent exposure to
toxic smoke could have severe consequences for orangutans and other wildlife.

Toxic air pollution also poses serious health and safety risks for researchers. However, remote sensing techniques, such
as satellite images, GPS data and acoustic monitoring, are increasingly popular ways to track wildlife populations and
see how creatures respond to changes in their environments. I have studied the behavior, ecology and acoustic
communication of wild primates in Indonesia since 2005. In a new study, my co-authors and I investigated how wild
orangutans in Borneo were affected by toxic emissions from Indonesia's 2015 peatland wildfires - by studying their
voices.

The word conspicuous in the second paragraph is closest in meaning with...

a. Significant
b. Important
c. Clear
d. Demonstrated
Bornean orangutans are one of three orangutan species, all critically endangered. They thrive in carbon-rich peat
swamp forests on the Indonesian island of Borneo. These habitats are also the sites of massive wildfires. Indonesian
wildfires in 2015 caused some of the worst fire-driven air pollution ever recorded. The fires were driven by an El Niño
climatic cycle, which caused especially dry weather in the region.

Compared to other wildfires, peatland fires smolder underground and produce exceptionally high levels of hazardous
gases and particulate matter - a leading cause of global pollution-related deaths and illnesses. Orangutans are well
known as an "indicator species"- one that can serve as a proxy for the health of an ecosystem. Changes in their
environments often cause conspicuous changes in the apes' health and behavior. Frequent and persistent exposure to
toxic smoke could have severe consequences for orangutans and other wildlife.

Toxic air pollution also poses serious health and safety risks for researchers. However, remote sensing techniques, such
as satellite images, GPS data and acoustic monitoring, are increasingly popular ways to track wildlife populations and
see how creatures respond to changes in their environments. I have studied the behavior, ecology and acoustic
communication of wild primates in Indonesia since 2005. In a new study, my co-authors and I investigated how wild
orangutans in Borneo were affected by toxic emissions from Indonesia's 2015 peatland wildfires - by studying their
voices.

The word conspicuous in the second paragraph is closest in meaning with...

a. Significant
b. Important
c. Clear
d. Demonstrated
SOAL
When another old cave is discovered in the south of France, it is not usually news. Rather, it is an ordinary event. Such
discoveries are so frequent these days that hardly anybody pays heed to them.

However, when the Lascaux cave complex was discovered in 1940, the world was amazed. Painted directly on its walls
were hundreds of scenes showing how people lived thousands of years ago. The scenes show people hunting animals,
such as bison or wild cats. Other images depict birds and, most noticeably, horses, which appear in more than 300 wall
images, by far outnumbering all other animals.

Early artists drawing these animals accomplished a monumental and difficult task. They did not limit themselves to the
easily accessible walls but carried their painting materials to spaces that required climbing steep walls or crawling into
narrow passages in the Lascaux complex. Unfortunately, the paintings have been exposed to the destructive action of
water and temperature changes, which easily wear the images away. Because the Lascaux caves have many entrances,
air movement has also damaged the images inside.

Although they are not out in the open air, where natural light would have destroyed them long ago, many of the
images have deteriorated and are barely recognizable. To prevent further damage, the site was closed to tourists in
1963, 23 years after it was discovered.

Which title best summarizes the main idea of the passage?

a. Wild Animals in Art
b. Hidden Prehistoric Paintings
c. Exploring Caves Respectfully
d. Determining the Age of French Caves
When another old cave is discovered in the south of France, it is not usually news. Rather, it is an ordinary event. Such
discoveries are so frequent these days that hardly anybody pays heed to them.

However, when the Lascaux cave complex was discovered in 1940, the world was amazed. Painted directly on its walls
were hundreds of scenes showing how people lived thousands of years ago. The scenes show people hunting animals,
such as bison or wild cats. Other images depict birds and, most noticeably, horses, which appear in more than 300 wall
images, by far outnumbering all other animals.

Early artists drawing these animals accomplished a monumental and difficult task. They did not limit themselves to the
easily accessible walls but carried their painting materials to spaces that required climbing steep walls or crawling into
narrow passages in the Lascaux complex. Unfortunately, the paintings have been exposed to the destructive action of
water and temperature changes, which easily wear the images away. Because the Lascaux caves have many entrances,
air movement has also damaged the images inside.

Although they are not out in the open air, where natural light would have destroyed them long ago, many of the
images have deteriorated and are barely recognizable. To prevent further damage, the site was closed to tourists in
1963, 23 years after it was discovered.

Which title best summarizes the main idea of the passage?

a. Wild Animals in Art
b. Hidden Prehistoric Paintings
c. Exploring Caves Respectfully
d. Determining the Age of French Caves