Section 2 — Humans as Organisms n QI To keep your body healthy you need to eat sensible amounts of each type of nutrient. Draw lines to match each of the nutrients below to its function in the body. For storing energy for if your Vienine body runs out of carbohydrates. Carbohydrates For growth and to repair damage. 1 ay ar rant pan happening in your body. Proteins For energy. You need lots of these if you're active or growing. Q2 Calcium is a metal. Our bodies need small amounts of calcium to stay healthy. What type of nutrient is calcium? Tick the box next to the correct answer. [| protein mineral vitamin lipid b) Give one reason why getting enough calcium in your diet is important. ©) Name one food or drink that has calcium in it. Q3 Which of the sentences below best describes a balanced diet? Circle the correct answer. A diet with equal amounts ‘et wit ind of rutiente end fe A diet with no fat in it. AA diet with the right amounts A diet with equal amounts of nutrients, fibre and water, of nutrients and water. Section 2—Humans as OrganismsBreakfast cereals usually contain a lot of carbohydrates and fibre. Which of these foods also contains a lot of carbohydrates? Circle the correct answer. Butter Why do we need fibre in our daily diet? Meat contains minerals and protein. Name one mineral found in meat. Give one way the body uses this mineral Katie doesn't eat meat or fish. Name one other food that she could eat to have protein in her diet. \Water is very important to the body. Humans can only survive without water for a few days. Explain why water is so important to the body. Section 2— Humans as OrganismsQI When does your body need energy? Circle the correct answer. ‘Only when Only when you're awake you exercise All the time Having an unbalanced diet can lead to health problems. i) Complete this sentence about obesity by circling the correct word(s) in the brackets. If you take in ( less / more ) energy than you use up, you will (put on / lose } weight. Over time, you could become obese. Name one health problem that obesity can lead to. Not getting enough food can lead to starvation. Describe one effect that starvation can have on the body. Our bodies need energy so that we can live, move and grow. But different people need different amounts of energy. Which two types of nutrient provide us with most of our energy? The amount of energy that you need each day is affected by how heavy you are. i) Complete this sentence by circling the correct word in the brackets. The ( lighter / heavier } you are, the more energy you will need each day. i) Name one other thing that affects how much energy you need each day. Section 2 — Humans as Organismsqu Qe Qe au Brain Mouth jectine Lung ‘Stomach liver Gullet Pancreas ‘Complete the sentences below using the words given. Put a cross (X) in the box next to each organ below that is not part of the digestive system. food speed digestion nutrients is the breakdown of... eseenees SO'WE CARL USE thE -eecceeeeeeeeseaneeees it€ontains. Special chemicals called are used to break food down. They -.. up chemical reactions in the body. Digestion happens in the body's digestive system. a) Which part of the body is the start of the digestive system? b) Circle all of the organs shown below that make the enzymes that are used in digestion: pancreas emall intestine large intestine gullet When food enters our bodies, it is broken down by both mechanical and chemical digestion. a) Give one example of breaking food down using mechanical digestion. b) Chemical digestion happens with the help of biolagical catalysts. What is another name for these biological catalysts? Section 2— Humans as Organisms18 Qs Q6 a) by ) Digestion ‘The diagram below shows some of the human digestive system with five parts labelled. Draw lines to match each letter with the correct name of the organ and its function. Each function should be matched with one of the organs. Function Large intestine Contains tissue that makes enzymes. ‘Small intestine Makes bile to break up fats. Makes enzymes to break down Pancreas proteins, carbohydrates and fats. Food is also absorbed from here. | a Gi Liver Water is absorbed from here. a The stomach an important digestive organ. Give one reason why the stomach produces lots of acid. Why does the stomach contain muscular tissue? What part of the digestive system links the mouth to the stomach? Section 2— Humans as OrganismsQI Thediagram below shows how food molecules are broken dawn and absorbed by the body. a) In which organ of the digestive system does this process of absorption take place? Circle the correct answer. Large intestine ‘Small intestine b) Complete the sentences below using the wards and phrases given. (Some will be leit over.) join up fate break up air cells The body uses enzymes to .. ...... big molecules into small ones. These smaller molecules can pass through the .. of the intestine. From here they travel around the body, then pass t0 ecco in the body to be used. ©) Look at the diagram above. What are the small food molecules absorbed into? Tick the box next to the correct answer. The pancreas The blood [_] the gullet Bile (J Enzymes [_] the liver Section 2— Humans as OrganismsQ2 The diagram below shows the inner surface of the small intestine, Ve cceeeessnestneentnteeetnenter etnies nenhstntr signs tetstitunstntntintneseneteeieatte Q3 Your small intestine and large intestine contain lots of hacteria. a) Are bacteria multicellular or unicellular organisms? Circle the correct answer. unicellular b) It is a good thing to have bacteria in your digestive system. Give two good things that bacteria in your digestive system do. Section 2— Humans as Organisms