MARINDUQUE STATE COLLEGE

School of Liberal Arts

Tanza, Boac, Marinduque

COURSE ENRICHMENT PAPER NO. 4

TACTICAL AND OPERATIONAL PLANNING

BY:

VIA MARIA I. MALAPOTE

MPA-OS

SUMITTED TO:

DR. DIOSDADO P. ZULUETA, DPA.

Professor

As a partial fulfillment of the requirement in the subject

Management Planning and Control

I. CURRENT STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT ISSUES

 MARINDUQUE STATE COLLEGE
School of Liberal Arts
Tanza, Boac, Marinduque

II. STATEMENT OF CONCERNS

1. What is the relationship between planning, control and strategic
management?
2. What is Strategic Management Process?
3. What are the Current Management Issues?

III. DISCUSSION OF EACH CONCERN

The principles of management can be distilled down to four critical
functions. These functions are planning, organizing, leading, and controlling.
Recent changes have demanded a more strategic perspective from those who
lead and manage organizations, placing increased pressure on employees to be
more productive, innovative and change orientated.
Strategic management is an organizational wide activity where the operations,
sales and finance are concerned from the top level to the bottom level of the
organization. It is a long term process where it identifies the long term desired
level of performance and try to achieve it. The strategic management process
involves a non-routinized tasks where there is very ambiguous and dynamic
nature.
Strategic management includes strategic planning, implementation and
review/control of the strategy of an organization. All most all the modern
organizations engage in strategic management to ensure that they achieve the
desired level of performance.
 MARINDUQUE STATE COLLEGE
School of Liberal Arts
Tanza, Boac, Marinduque

In the modern business context strategic management faces many

challenges such as:
1. Orientation for globalization-
Every aspect of the business is getting globalized and business organizations step
in to global operations and other foreign business operations methods. Due to
the globalized operations of the business world there are new orientations such
as international human resource management (IHRM) and international finance
are emerging. Company’s strategic management process has to be updated to
cope up with these new orientations.
2. Emerging e-commerce and internet culture
With the wide expansion of world wide web (www) and the technology
businesses have moved on to e-commerce where they conduct business
electronic means such as online purchasing/selling and online advertising.
Strategic management process of the business should be able to accommodate
e-commerce motives into the business process.
3. Cut throat competition
With the globalization, e-commerce and other changes in the business
environment, today’s business world has become hyper competitive where the
organization can no longer survive without executing proper competitive
strategy. Strategic management process should generate competitive
intelligence and predict the next moves of the competitors and build
the competitive strategy to win the battle with competitors.
4. Diversification
With the rapid changing business environment and increased uncertainty
the business risk has increased drastically. To diversify the business risk
companies now engage in diversified operations where they focus on more than
one business area/industry rather than specializing in one area. The strategic
management should be able to identify diversified business opportunities and
manage them well.
 MARINDUQUE STATE COLLEGE
School of Liberal Arts
Tanza, Boac, Marinduque

IV. CONCLUSION
Planning is an important activity, performed by the management,
keeping in view, the vision, mission, goals and objectives of the enterprise. It
implies thinking in advance, what we need to do in future and creates a rough
draft, so as to fulfill the business objectives. Planning occurring at the corporate
level is termed as strategic planning, while the planning process taking place at
the functional level is called operational planning. Strategic Planning is
concentrated towards attaining the long-term objectives of business. On the
other hand, operational planning is done to achieve short-term objectives of the
company. These are used to set priorities and align the resources, in such a way
that leads to the accomplishment of business goals.
Planning can be done for anything, so in a business organization it can be
done for various purposes right from reaching the vision to its regular business
activities, but their names, ways, and planning techniques are different. Strategic
Planning and Operational Planning are two types of planning process performed
by the managers and executives of the organization.
Strategic Plans are made to achieve the vision, mission, goals, and objectives. On
the other hand, Operational Plans are made to effectively perform the basic
activities of the business in order to achieve tactical objectives.
 MARINDUQUE STATE COLLEGE
School of Liberal Arts
Tanza, Boac, Marinduque

V. RECOMMENDATION
A key concept to remember is that strategic planning is a cooperative and
participatory process. Everyone should have input and, ideally, everyone should feel
a sense of ownership over the final plan. Such personal commitment will facilitate the
implementation process.
It is important to explain the principles and goals of strategic planning to
everyone in the organization. We need to assure each person that although he or
she may not be on the committee, everyone can have input and evaluate the
recommendations. It is up to the staff and committees to determine how to fulfill each
objective.
The strategic planning committee makes general recommends on what they
think should be done. The leadership, operating committees, and staff determine
how it will be done.
An additional aid to implement the strategic plan is to create an integrated
system by which the strategic plan becomes the "benchmark" (measuring stick) for
progress in our organization. It then becomes a system of accountability.
The best way to set up an integrated system is for the directors to accept the
strategic plan and make the mission statement part of the directives. The strategic
plan can then become the context from which programs and services flow.
Strategic planning is the key to assuring that our organization is prepared for
the challenges of tomorrow.