Evaluate the Challenges Faced by the Roadways and

Railway Sector in the Country

NEW DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL

APROJEET BHOWMICK
Xth – C
2023-2024
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my gratitude and appreciation to all who
gave me the possibility complete this project . Also, I take this
opportunity to express my deep sense of gratitude to my Social
Science teacher, Mrs Hanil ma'am under whose valuable guidance,
this project work has been carried out.
I would like to extend my special thanks to my parents & friends,
without their support and coordination we would not have been
able to complete this project.
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that APROJEET BHOWMICK of

class X TH-C has successfully completed the
project titled and has submitted the project
file Evaluate the Challenges Faced by the
Roadways and Railway Sector in the Country in
the required format. The project was
completed under the guidance of MRS
HAMIL MA’AM.
 INTRODUCTION
Movement of goods and services can be done through three important
domains of the earth that is, land, water and air. India has one of the
most extensive road networks on the planet. In India, roadways have
preceded railways. In India, the road network is among the most
widespread in the world. Railways have been one of the key modes of
passenger and freight transport since the mid-19th century and
continue to play an important role today. Although technology is
changing, and road, air and port infrastructures are able to handle
an increasing number of transport vehicles, rail transport is still very
important in the Polish and global economy.
 INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT
CHALLENGES
There are several factors that contribute to poor infrastructure, and they include the lack
of, or shortages, of funds, insufficient provision of developmental resources and inefficiency
of developmental labor as well as poor repair and maintenance. The lack of infrastructure
in poor communities significantly impacts the lives of the people living in these
communities. Regular maintenance is essential to keep equipment, machines and the work
environment safe and reliable. Lack of maintenance or inadequate maintenance can lead to
dangerous situations, accidents and health problems. Day-to-day variability in demand leads
to some days with higher traffic volumes than others . Intermittent disruption of traffic flow
by control devices such as railroad grade crossings and poorly timed signals also
contribute to congestion and travel time variability. Transportation engineers have long
studied and addressed the physical capacity of roadways—the maximum amount of traffic
capable of being handled by a given highway section. Capacity is determined by a number of
factors: the number and width of lanes and shoulders; merge areas at interchanges; and
roadway alignment (grades and curves). Toll booths may also be thought of as a special
case of bottlenecks because they restrict the physical flow of traffic.
 SAFETY AND SECURITY CHALLENGES
Road traffic injuries cause considerable economic losses to individuals, their
families, and to nations as a whole. These losses arise from the cost of
treatment as well as lost productivity for those killed or disabled by their
injuries, and for family members who need to take time off work or school to
care for the injured. Road traffic crashes cost most countries 3% of their
gross domestic product .
Prevent accidents by taking all the precautions:-
1.Keep a rein on your speed
2.Obey traffic rules
3.Wear seat belts
4.Avoid drugs and alcohol while driving
 SOCIAL CHALLENGES

Community displacement is the movement of a population out of

a neighborhood as formal or informal redevelopment occurs. It
may be a result of gentrification, the informal redevelopment
that occurs when new, and typically richer people, move into a
neighborhood.A transportation network makes markets more
competitive. Economists often study resource allocation—that is,
how specific goods and services are used. A transportation
system improves the allocation process because it widens the
number of opportunities for suppliers and buyers
 FINANCIAL CHALLENGES

Infrastructure Development Charges (IDC) means the

infrastructure development charges levied/ leviable (by whatever
name called, now or in future) by the Governmental Authority
towards the cost of development of major infrastructure
projects.Cost recovery method is a revenue recognition method
in accounting in which a business recognizes an income from a
sale transaction only when the cost element of the sale has been
collected from the customer in cash.The position of inadequate
funds refers to the situation in which a bank account does not
have enough money to cover the transactions that have been
made
 CONCLUSION
The transport system today plays a very vital role in
the development of India. It can be ranked among the
most important sectors of the Indian economy. It is
the most significant event for transporting goods and
services from one place to another.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

 WWW.YOUTUBE.COM
 WWW.GOOGLE.COM
 HTTPS:/WWW.WHO.INT
 WWW.WIKIPEDIA.ORG

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