Science

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Unit 9-Heat and its Effects

 Environment get heated by the main source of heat, the sun.

 The temperature of the environment is not equal at every place.
Activity 9.1
Observation:

 The normal body temperature of human being is 37°C.

 Some animals do not change their body temperature according to the
environment.
 These animals are called as warm-blooded animals.
Ex: mammals, birds

 Some animals can change their body temperature according to their

environment.
 These animals are known as cold- blooded animals.
Ex: insects, worms, fish, amphibians, reptiles

The ways that animals keep their body heat.

 Having thick fur on the skin.
 Having thick fat layer.
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Heat generation
Do the assignment 9.1
Do the assignment 9.2
Get ready for the activity 9.4
Do the assignment 9.3

Effects of Heat
1. Increase of temperature

 Amount of heat of an object is known as its ‘temperature’.

 Thermometer is used to measure the temperature.
 When heat is released of an object, the temperature reduced.

Draw the figure (activity 9.5)9.8 in page 138

2. Expansion
 Things that becomes larger in size after heating is known as
expansion.
 When the heat is taken off (cools) the things get contracted.
Application:
o Removing a metal lid of a bottle.
o Gap between two rail tracks.
o Before fixing a cart wheel rim is heated well.
Expansion of liquid

Draw the figure 9.10 in page 140

Observation:
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 Expansion of gas

Draw the figure 9.12 in page 141

Observation:
Assignment 9.5

3. Change of states of matter

Draw the figures in page 142
Assignment 9.6/ 9.7/ 9.8

3. Colour change

When a piece of metal is heated;

RED ORANGE YELLOW WHITE

The effect of heat to the environment.

 Forest fire (bush fire)
 Currents in oceans
 Melting of glaziers and rise of the sea level
 Drought
Question 1
1. How do you know that an object has received heat?
2. What do you mean by expansion?
3. Why do they have kept space between two rail lines?
Due to the sun light rail lines will expand. So it will increase the size. Therefore
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people have kept space in-between rail lines.

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The effects of heat to the environment
 Drought
 Forest fire (bush fire)
 Global worming
 Currents in oceans

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