97 ORCHARD

The Glockner Family

▪ The Glockner Family lived on the lower east side of Manhattan.

▪ German immigrants
▪ Lived in a section of New York called Kleindeutchland or "Little Germany"
▪ 1846- Lucas Glockner arrived in America
 Picture of
1850 Census
This is the first time Lucas
Glockner's name appears in a
census.
 Family Tree in 1850

Lucas Glockner married to Caroline

Sons Edward and baby George

Many
Germans
came to
America for
better
economic
opportunities
 Lucas Glockner

• 1864 he is registered
to serve the Union
Army
• Draft record shows
him employed as a
tailor
Lucas Glockner's
background
• Tailor was his profession
• He wanted to become a
property owner.
• By 1870, he owns several East
Side properties
 1880
Lucas Glockner is now married to Wilhelmina
They have 3 children.
Ida, Minnie, and William who is 15 years old
By this time, Lucas is living comfortably with at least 3
buildings.
The Lower East
Side of Manhattan

Mostly shops with

renters above
 Tenement Buildings

▪5 or 6 stories
▪Also referred to as army barracks
▪Some held sweatshops
▪Lower-income
▪Built because of high immigration
Tenement
Building in
New York
circa 1909
97 Orchard was a
tenement building owned
by Lucas Glockner
 97 Orchard
▪ This was Lucas Glockner's first tenement building
▪ Glockner not "building down" like other developers
▪ He tried to make his buildings mirror uptown homes
▪ Nice on outside, but no running water
▪ 97 Orchard was on a natural elevation
▪ Had views of four "city wards"
 "Little Germany" or Kleindeutschland

▪ The four "city wards" made up "Little Germany"

▪ Settled by the Germans
▪ Different regions of Germany had its own food traditions
▪ Sauerkraut could be smelled through all German wards
 Sauerkraut

▪ "Cabbage shaver" or Krauthober

▪ "sauerkraut-man"

▪ Fall was for sauerkraut

Glockner's Food Traditions and Daily Life

▪ Like most German's Glockner family were expert stew-makers

▪ Efficient way to cook
▪ Lunch was paramount
▪ Typical Day
▪ Mrs. Is out sh opping
▪ Baby is with sitter
▪ Mr. Bent over ledger working num bers
▪ Mrs. Com es h ome to start lunch
▪ Mr. Goes to saloon
▪ Mr. Returns for lunch
Markets

▪ The Essex Market was where Mrs. Glockner shopped the most
▪ Fish was a best seller
▪ Food was on ground floor
▪ Upper floors had other businesses
▪ Public Markets were very busy
▪ Dirty
▪ Had a lot of meats, fruits, and vegetables
Food
▪ Veal bones, pig's knuckles, cabbage, salsify, plums, and apples
▪ Fish such as Herring
▪ Germans brought their taste for Herring to America
▪ Herring was an important trading commodity
▪ It was in a lot of kitchens
New Yorkers dined on buffalo, bear and other species both wild
and domestic
Public Markets

Mulberry Street,
New York
City 1900's
Bakeries
• An abundance
• Dirt Floor
• "Boss baker"
• Yeast based cakes "Kuchen"
• Rye and pumpernickel breads
Vereine
▪ A Vereine is a social club
that started in Germany in
1700's
▪ Changed to purely social by
the 19th century
 Pfaff's-

Finest European wines, imported beer

Served pfankuchen

Ermich's Lunchroom-

smoked sausage, lentil soup, fishballs smothered in red

cabbage,

"fricatelleu (stew) of minced meat browned with flour and potatoe"

"Hamburger steak"- early reference to our future hamburgers

Luchow's-

Public Dining Specialized in roast goose, duck and venison

ALCOHOL

• Germans also gave Americans the gift

of drinking alcohol
• 1842 Lager was introduced by
German brothers
• 19th Century New York had beer hall
or saloons
Glockners and what they add to the history of
foods in U.S.
▪ Brought their German Heritage
▪ Started out as a lower- income family
▪ Their food reflected that
▪ Stayed true to German foods such as the Herring and German
Stews
German Foods Being Made Today

▪ Sauerkraut
▪ German Lagers
▪ Stews with dumplings or noodles
▪ Sausage
Conclusion
Lucas Glockner and his
family were typical German
immigrants. Trying to
make it in America and
feed their family while
keeping their German
traditions.
Resources

▪ https://erenow.net/common/97-orchard-an-edible-history/2.php

▪ https://libguides.lib.msu.edu/c.php?g=96158&p=625933
▪ https://www.historynet.com/union-army
▪ https://www.gettyimages.ie/photos/old-fashioned-sewing-
machine?mediatype=photography&phrase=old%20fashioned%20sewing%20machine&sort=mostp
opular
▪ https://www.thecandidadiet.com/sauerkraut-health-benefits-how-to-make-it/

▪ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_New_York_City_(1898%E2%80%931945)
▪ https://www.royal-oak.org/events/new-york-city-2018-fall-events-lower-east-side-eating-tour/

▪ https://www.youthreporter.eu/de/beitrag/vereine-associations-in-germany.14921/#.XxeBMChKiM
▪ Ziegelman, J. (2010). 97 Orchard: An edible history of five immigrant families in one New York
tenement. New York: Smithsonian Books/HarperCollins.
Resources

▪ https://www.eatwell.co.nz/recipe/13990/Sauerkraut/
▪ https://www.thespruceeats.com/bavarian-hunters-beef-stew-1446982
▪ https://www.tenement.org/blog/how-the-germans-changed-beer-in-america/
▪ https://www.ebay.com/itm/1915-1920-A-Horowitz-Bakery-Grocery-Vintage-Old-
Photo-8-5-x-11-Reprint-/401737240720
▪ http://digitalcollections.nyhistory.org/islandora/object/islandora:50726