LEARJET 75

MAINTENANCE MANUAL

FLIGHT DATA RECORDER SYSTEM - DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION

1. Description

A. The flight data recorder (FDR) system records a number of aircraft flight parameters. It uses solid-state
memory as the medium of recording. The system monitors real-time flight data and stores the data in
non-volatile memory. The recorded data can be removed from the recorder and can be used in
analysis for incident or accident investigation.

B. The FDR system consists of the FDR (A5010), inertia switch (S5001), and an FDR accelerometer
(MT5001). The accelerometer is attached at BL 0.00 at the top of the aft pressure bulkhead, FS
457.719, and interrupts power to the FDR in the event of a crash. The inertia switch is behind the toilet
in the lavatory at FS 432.897 and is a hermetically-sealed instrument that contains three separate
accelerometers. The accelerometer measures the rates on three axes near the aircraft center of
gravity, simultaneously measuring vertical, lateral, and longitudinal acceleration. The acceleration data
is supplied to the engine and airframe interface unit number 3 (A13) to augment the flight data
parameters recorded on the FDR.

C. The FDR is in the aft equipment compartment. The FDR is contained in a standard, international
orange, stainless steel case with reflective striping and raised lettering. The FDR has an operating
range of -1,000 to 55,000 feet, and contains an internal built-in test (BIT) that eliminates the need for
pre-flight testing. The FDR (A5010) consists of a chassis and front panel, two printed wiring
assemblies (aircraft interface PWA and acquisition processor PWA), and the crash-survivable memory
unit (CSMU). The CSMU contains the solid-state flash memory used as the recording medium. An
underwater locator device (ULD), also called an underwater acoustic beacon, is attached horizontally
on the front of the CSMU and is also used as a carrying handle for the recorder. The ground support
equipment (GSE) connector is on the front of the FDR. This connector gives the interface from the
FDR to the GSE for checkout of the FDR, or to transfer data to a readout or analysis device.
(1) The underwater locator device (ULD) is attached on the FDR front panel. It is a battery operated,
underwater acoustic pulse generator. The ULD operates when in water. The ULD consists of a
water switch, a battery, an oscillator, and a piezoceramic transducer. When the water switch is wet,
the battery supplies power to the oscillator, which causes the electromagnetic transducer to send
out a 36.5-38.5 kHz signal. The signal transmits for a minimum of 30 days at a range of 6,000-
12,000 feet (1,800-3,600 m). The ULD is resistent to deep-sea depths of 20,000 feet (6,096 m).
The lithium battery must be replaced every 6 years.

2. Operation

A. Power is supplied to the FDR through a circuit breaker on the right essential bus. When power is first
applied, the FDR self-tests and the (White) FDR FAIL EICAS message is displayed for 5 seconds. A
test pass causes the message to go off and remain off. After power is applied, the FDR stores in the
memory the aircraft flight data, received from the data concentrator number 1 (A98).

B. The FDR continuously records selected input data into a solid-state memory. The data recorder has
sufficient storage capacity to record the last 25 hours of flight history. After 25 hours of operation, the
recorder will automatically start recording over previously recorded material.

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C. Engine and airframe unit number 3 (A13) receives lateral, longitudinal, and vertical acceleration input
from the FDR accelerometer (MT5001). The engine and airframe unit sends the accelerometer outputs
to data concentrator number 1. Data concentrator number 1 processes, formats, and transmits flight
data to the FDR though an ARINC 717 data bus.

D. Internal circuitry disables the recording function after 8-10 minutes in the event powered flight is no
longer sustained. On the ground, the data can be removed from the FDR through an electrical test
connector on the front of the recorder with a portable analysis unit (PAU). The PAU connects to the
connector to copy real-time data as well as recorded data. The same connector connects to equipment
for automatic testing of the FDR.

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MAINTENANCE MANUAL

P10 S5001 A5010

COPILOT CB INERTIA SWITCH FLIGHT DATA
PANEL 31-30-02 RECORDER
24-60-01 31-30-01
FDR
28 VDC
28 VDC

GROUND

MT5001 256 WORD CONFIG

FDR
ACCELEROMETER
31-30-03
28 VDC ARINC 717 OUT
GROUND ARINC 717 IN

LAT ACCEL
VERT ACCEL
LONG ACCEL

A13
A98
ENGINE/
DATA
AIRFRAME
CONCENTRATOR
UNIT NO. 3
UNIT NO. 1
31-41-02
31-41-03

LONG ACCEL
ARINC 717 OUT
VERT ACCEL
ARINC 717 IN
LAT ACCEL

M70-313000-001-01
Flight Data Recorder System Block Diagram
Figure 1

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