UNIVERSITY OF JOHANNESBURG

FACULTY OF SCIENCE

CALCULUS OF ONE-VARIABLE FUNCTIONS

MAT01A1 / MAT1A01

SEMESTER TEST 2
12 MAY 2014

TIME: 90 MINUTES TOTAL: 50

SURNAME AND INITIALS: ___MEMORANDUM__________________

STUDENT NUMBER: ___________________________________

TELEPHONE NUMBER: ___________________________________

Please read the following instructions carefully:

1. This paper consists of 1 + 10 pages.

2. Answer all questions on the paper in pen in the space provided.
3 If you require extra space, continue on the adjacent blank page and
indicate this clearly.
4. Show all calculations and motivate all answers.
5. No calculators are allowed.
MAT1A01 SEMESTER TEST 2 - MAY 2014 1/10

Question 1 [10 marks]

For questions 1.1 - 1.10, choose one correct answer, and make a cross (X) in the correct block.

Question a b c d e
1.1 x
1.2 x
1.3 x
1.4 x
1.5 x
1.6 x
1.7 x
1.8 x
1.9 x
1.10 x

√
x+1
1.1 Let f be the function defined by f (x) = . The domain of f is . . .
x−2
a) (−∞, 2) and (2, ∞)

b) [−1, 2) and (2, ∞)

c) [−1, 2) and [2, ∞)

d) [−1, ∞)

e) None of the above

1.2 A function f is continuous at a number a if

a) lim− f (x) = f (a)
x→a

b) lim+ f (a) = f (x+ )

x→a

c) lim f (a) = f (x)

x→a

d) lim f (x) = f (a)

x→a

e) None of these
√ √
1.3 Given f (x) = x. The graph of g(x) = − x + 3 is obtained from that of f through the
transformation . . .
a) Shift 3 units right, reflected over the y-axis

b) Shift 3 units left, reflected over the y-axis

c) Shift 3 units left, reflected over the x-axis

d) Shift 3 units up, reflected over the x-axis

e) None of the above

MAT1A01 SEMESTER TEST 2 - MAY 2014 2/10

1.4 If f is continuous on [1; 3] and f (1) = 1 and f (3) = 3, then there exists a number c between 1
and 3 such that f (c) = . . .

a) 0

b) 1,5

c) 4

d) Undefined

e) None of these

dy
1.5 If y = e−x ln x, then is equal to
dx
1
a) e−x ln x + e−x
x
1
b) e−x ln x − e−x
x
1
c) −e−x ln x + e−x
x
1
d) −e−x ln x − e−x
x
e) None of these

f (x)
1.6 Given f (0) = −1, f ′ (0) = −2, g(0) = −3 and g ′ (0) = 4. The slope of the curve y = at
g(x)
x = 0 is

10
a) 9

b) 6

c) −6

d) 0

e) None of these

1.7 If f (x) = x2 − 4 and h(x) = x − 4, then g(x) for which (f ◦ g)(x) = h(x) is given by

a) x − 4

b) x + 4

c) x
1
d) x 2

e) None of the above

MAT1A01 SEMESTER TEST 2 - MAY 2014 3/10

1
1.8 The anti-derivative of f (x) = x3 + √ is . . .
1 − x2
a) F (x) = 41 x4 + arcsin x + c
2x
b) F (x) = 3x2 − 2(1−x2 )3/2

c) F (x) = 41 x4 + arctan x + c
d) F (x) = 3x2 + 2(1 − x2 )1 /2
e) None of these
2x
1.9 lim = ...
x→∞ ex
a) ∞
b) 0
c) 2
d) Does not exist
e) None of these

1.10 Which of the following identities is true for hyperbolic functions?

a) 1 − tanh2 (x) = sech2 (x)
b) 1 + tanh2 (x) = sech2 (x)
c) cosh(−x) = − cosh(x)
d) cosh2 (x) + sinh2 (x) = 1
e) None of these

Question 2 [3 marks]
ex
Find the inverse of f (x) = (write your answer in the form of f −1 (x) = . . .) [3]
1 + ex
ex
y =
1 + ex
ey
x =
1 + ey
x(1 + ey ) = ey
x + xey = ey
xey − ey = −x
ey (x − 1) = −x
−x
ey =
x−1
 
−x
y = ln
x−1
! −x

∴ f −1 (x) = ln x−1
MAT1A01 SEMESTER TEST 2 - MAY 2014 4/10

Question 3 [5 marks]

Solve for x in the following equations:

a) log2 (x − 3) + log2 (x − 2) = log2 (2x + 24) [2]

log2 (x − 3) + log2 (x − 2) − log

 2 (2x + 24)
 = 0
(x−3)(x−2)
log2 2x+24
= 0
(x−3)(x−2)
2x+24
= 1
(x − 3)(x − 2) = 2x + 24
x2 − 5x + 6 = 2x + 24
x2 − 7x − 18 = 0
(x − 9)(x + 2) = 0
x=9 OR x = −2

But x 6= 2
∴x=9

b) cos2 (tan−1 (2x)) = 1 [Hint: Let θ = tan−1 (2x)] [3]

θ = tan−1 (2x) ⇒ tan θ = 2x

√
k 2 = (2x)2 + (1)2 = 4x2 + 1 ⇒ k = 4x2 + 1

cos2 (tan−1 (2x)) = cos2 θ

 2
1
= √
4x2 + 1
1
= 2
4x + 1
1
so, = 1 implies x = 0.
4x2+1
MAT1A01 SEMESTER TEST 2 - MAY 2014 5/10

Question 4 [4 marks]

a) Give the precise definition of a limit (ε − δ definition). [2]

The limit of f (x) as x approaches a is L if for every number ε > 0 there is a number δ > 0 such
that
if 0 < |x − a| < δ, then |f (x) − L| < ε

b) Using ε − δ definition, guess the value of δ in the proof of lim (3x + 1) = 7. [2]
x→2

If 0 < |x − 2| < δ, then |(3x + 1) − 7| < ε

|(3x + 1) − 7| < ε ⇒ 3|x − 2| < ε
ε
i.e., |x − 2| <
3
ε
Take δ =
3

Question 5 [3 marks]

Calculate the following limits, if they exist:

3t2
a) lim [1]
t→5 (t2 − 5)

3t2
lim
t→5 (t2 − 5)
3(25)
=
(25 − 5)
75
=
20
15
=
4
MAT1A01 SEMESTER TEST 2 - MAY 2014 6/10

(x + 1)−1 − 1
b) lim [2]
x→0 x

(x + 1)−1 − 1 1−x−1
lim = lim
x→0 x x→0 x(x + 1)
−x
= lim
x→0 x(x + 1)
−1
= lim
x→0 (x + 1)
= −1

Question 6 [4 marks]

Determine the following limit using L’Hopital’s rule if necessary: [4]

1
lim (x2 + 9) x2
x→∞

2
y = (x2 + 9)1/x
2
ln y = ln(x2 + 9)1/x
ln(x2 + 9)
ln y =
x2

lim (ln y)
x→∞
ln(x2 + 9) ∞
= lim
x→∞ x2 ∞
1
2+9
(2x)
= LH
lim x
x→∞ 2x
1
= lim 2
x→∞ x + 9
=0

2
∴ lim (x2 + 9)1/x
x→∞
= lim (y)
x→∞
= lim (eln y )
x→∞
lim (ln y)
= ex→∞
= e0
=1
MAT1A01 SEMESTER TEST 2 - MAY 2014 7/10

Question 7 [2 marks]
4−x
Given f (x) = , find the vertical asymptote of f (x). [2]
3+x

lim f (x) = −∞
−3−
and
lim+ f (x) = ∞
−3
So, x = −3 is a vertical asymptote

Question 8 [3 marks]
dy y  √
Use implicit differentiation to find if sin = 1 − 2x2 [3]
dx 2

d y d √ 1 y dy −4x
(sin ) = ( 1 − 2x2 ) ⇒ (cos ) = √
dx 2 dx 2 2 dx 2 1 − 2x2
dy −4x
⇒ = √ y
dx ( 1 − 2x2 ) cos
2
MAT1A01 SEMESTER TEST 2 - MAY 2014 8/10

Question 9 [3 marks]
 x 5
e dy
If y = , find using logarithmic differentiation or otherwise. [3]
1 + ex dx

5
ex ex
  
y= ⇒ ln y = 5
1 + ex 1 + ex 
ex

d d
⇒ (ln y) = 5
dx  dx 1 + ex 
1 dy e (1 + e ) − e2x
x x
⇒ =5 x 2
y dx  x (1 +xe ) 2x 
dy e (1 + e ) − e
⇒ = 5y
dx  x (1+5  ex )2
ex (1 + ex ) − e2x

dy e
⇒ =5
dx 1 + ex (1 + ex )2

Question 10 [2 marks]

Find all points on the curve y = tan x over the interval − π2 ≤ x ≤ π

2
where the tangent line is
parallel to the line y = 2x. [2]
dy
= sec2 x.
dx
1
So, the tangent line is parallel to the line y = 2x if sec2 x = 2, i.e., cos2 x = .
2
2 1 1
cos x = ⇔ cos x = ± √
2 2
π π π
∴ x = ± and the points are: (− , −1) and ( , 1).
4 4 4
MAT1A01 SEMESTER TEST 2 - MAY 2014 9/10

Question 11 [2 marks]

Differentiate y = sech(3cot x ) [2]

y ′ = −sech(3cot x ) tanh(3cot x )(3cot x ln 3)(− csc2 x)

Question 12 [4 marks]

Prove the following relation (known as product rule) [4]

[f (x)g(x)]′ = f ′ (x)g(x) + f (x)g ′ (x)

Notes
MAT1A01 SEMESTER TEST 2 - MAY 2014 10/10

Question 13 [3 marks]

Find f (x) if f ′′ (x) = 1 − 6x + 48x2 , where f ′ (0) = 2, f (0) = 1. [3]

f ′′ (x) = 1 − 6x + 48x2
f ′ (x) = x − 3x2 + 16x3 + c
f ′ (0) = 2:
2 = 0 − 3(0)2 + 16(0)3 + c
∴c = 2
∴ f ′ (x) = x − 3x2 + 16x3 + 2

∴ f (x) = 12 x2 − x3 + 4x4 + 2x + d

f (0) = 1:
1 = 12 02 − 03 + 4(0)4 + 2(0) + d
d = 1
∴ f (x) = 21 x2 − x3 + 4x4 + 2x + 1

Question 14 [2 marks]

Prove the following identity using the definitions of the hyperbolic functions: [2]

cosh2 (x) + sinh2 (x) = cosh(2x)

RHS = cosh2 (x) + sinh2 (x)

 x 2  x 2
e + e−x e − e−x
= +
2 2
e2x + 2 + e−2x + e2x − 2 + e−2x
=
4
2e2x + 2e−2x
=
4
e2x + e−2x
=
2
= cosh(2x)
= LHS