‫‪Syrian Arab Republic‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺟﻣﻬﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺳﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬

‫‪University Of Aleppo‬‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺣﻠﺏ‬

‫‪Faculty Of Civil Engineering‬‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻧﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺗﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﻭﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻣﺎﺗﻼﺏ‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪1‬‬
‫ﺍﺳﺗﺧﺩﻡ ﻣﺎﺗﻼﺏ ﻣﻥ ﺃﺟﻝ ﺭﺳﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﻘﻳﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺭﻑ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﻟﻳﺔ ‪f(x) = y = 2x – 1:‬‬
‫ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻣﻥ ﺍﺟﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﺎﻝ ‪ −3 ≤ x ≤ 2‬ﺑﺎﺳﺗﺧﺩﺍﻡ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ (a‬ﺍﻷﻣﺭ ‪ plot‬ﻣﻊ ﺍﺳﺗﺧﺩﺍﻡ ﻧﻘﻁﺗﻳﻥ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﻭﻱ ﺍﻟﻛﺎﺭﺗﻳﺯﻱ‬
‫‪ (b‬ﺍﻷﻣﺭ ‪ plot‬ﺑﺈﻋﻁﺎء ﺍﻟﻣﺿﻣﻭﻥ ‪ x‬ﻭ )‪f(x‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺣﻝ‬
‫ﻧﺧﺗﺎﺭ ﻧﻘﻁﺗﻳﻥ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﻘﻳﻡ ‪ y = 2x – 1‬ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻳﻥ ﺗﺣﻘﻘﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻧﻘﻁﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ‪x = −3, y = −7‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻧﻘﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻧﻳﺔ ‪x = 2, y = 3‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻣﺣﺭﺭ ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻣﺭ ﻣﺎﺗﻼﺏ ﻧﻛﺗﺏ ‪:‬‬
‫;]‪>> x = [-3 2‬‬
‫;]‪>> y = [-7 3‬‬
‫)‪>> plot(x,y‬‬
‫)‪>> plot(x,2.*x-1‬‬

‫‪3‬‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪0‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬

‫‪-2‬‬

‫‪-3‬‬

‫‪-4‬‬

‫‪-5‬‬

‫‪-6‬‬

‫‪-7‬‬
‫‪-3‬‬ ‫‪-2.5‬‬ ‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪-1.5‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪-0.5‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0.5‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1.5‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺷﻛﻝ ‪ 1‬ﺭﺳﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ‪y = 2x – 1‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻛﺗﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻬﻧﺩﺱ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺣﺑﻳﺏ‬

‫‪Syrian Arab Republic‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺟﻣﻬﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺳﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬
‫‪University Of Aleppo‬‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺣﻠﺏ‬
‫‪Faculty Of Civil Engineering‬‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻧﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪2‬‬
‫ﻟﻳﻛﻥ ﻟﺩﻳﻧﺎ ﻛﺛﻳﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺣﺩﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ ‪:‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻌﺭﻑ ﺿﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﺎﻝ ‪– 5 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2‬‬

‫ﺃﺭﺳﻡ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﺑﺎﺳﺗﺧﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺗﻘﺭﻳﺏ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪ 7 , 6, 5 ,4 ,3 :‬ﻭ ‪ 101‬ﻧﻘﻁﺔ ﺃﻭ ‪ 100‬ﻣﻘﻁﻊ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺗﺫﻛﻳﺭ ‪ LINSPACE(X1, X2, N) :‬ﻳﻭﻟﺩ ‪ N‬ﻧﻘﻁﺔ ﺑﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻳﻣﺗﻳﻥ ‪ X1‬ﻭ ‪ X2‬ﺑﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺧﻁﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺣﻝ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳﺗﺧﺩﺍﻡ ‪ 3‬ﻧﻘﺎﻁ‪:‬‬
‫)‪>> x3 = linspace(-5,2,3‬‬
‫;‪>> y3=x3.^3+4.*x3.^2-x3-4‬‬
‫)‪>> plot(x3,y3‬‬

‫‪20‬‬

‫‪15‬‬

‫‪10‬‬

‫‪5‬‬

‫‪0‬‬

‫‪-5‬‬

‫‪-10‬‬

‫‪-15‬‬

‫‪-20‬‬

‫‪-25‬‬
‫‪-5‬‬ ‫‪-4‬‬ ‫‪-3‬‬ ‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺷﻛﻝ ‪) 1-2‬ﺍﻟﺣﻝ ﺑﻘﻁﻌﺗﻳﻥ(‬

‫ﺑﺎﺳﺗﺧﺩﺍﻡ ‪ 4‬ﻧﻘﺎﻁ‪:‬‬
‫;)‪>> x4 = linspace(-5,2,4‬‬
‫;‪>> y4=x4.^3+4.*x4.^2-x4-4‬‬
‫)‪>> plot(x4,y4‬‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻛﺗﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻬﻧﺩﺱ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺣﺑﻳﺏ‬

‫‪Syrian Arab Republic‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺟﻣﻬﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺳﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬
‫‪University Of Aleppo‬‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺣﻠﺏ‬
‫‪Faculty Of Civil Engineering‬‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻧﻳﺔ‬

‫‪20‬‬

‫‪15‬‬

‫‪10‬‬

‫‪5‬‬

‫‪0‬‬

‫‪-5‬‬

‫‪-10‬‬

‫‪-15‬‬

‫‪-20‬‬

‫‪-25‬‬
‫‪-5‬‬ ‫‪-4‬‬ ‫‪-3‬‬ ‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺷﻛﻝ ‪) 2-2‬ﺍﻟﺣﻝ ﺑﺛﻼﺙ ﻗﻁﻊ(‬

‫ﺑﺎﺳﺗﺧﺩﺍﻡ ‪ 5‬ﻧﻘﺎﻁ‪:‬‬
‫;)‪>> x5 = linspace(-5,2,5‬‬
‫;‪>> y5=x5.^3+4.*x5.^2-x5-4‬‬
‫)‪>> plot(x5,y5‬‬

‫‪20‬‬

‫‪15‬‬

‫‪10‬‬

‫‪5‬‬

‫‪0‬‬

‫‪-5‬‬

‫‪-10‬‬

‫‪-15‬‬

‫‪-20‬‬

‫‪-25‬‬
‫‪-5‬‬ ‫‪-4‬‬ ‫‪-3‬‬ ‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺷﻛﻝ ‪) 3-2‬ﺍﻟﺣﻝ ﺑﺄﺭﺑﻊ ﻗﻁﻊ(‬

‫ﺑﺎﺳﺗﺧﺩﺍﻡ ‪ 6‬ﻧﻘﺎﻁ‪:‬‬
‫;)‪>> x6 = linspace(-5,2,6‬‬

‫‪3‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻛﺗﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻬﻧﺩﺱ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺣﺑﻳﺏ‬

‫‪Syrian Arab Republic‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺟﻣﻬﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺳﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬
‫‪University Of Aleppo‬‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺣﻠﺏ‬
‫‪Faculty Of Civil Engineering‬‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻧﻳﺔ‬

‫;‪>> y6=x6.^3+4.*x6.^2-x6-4‬‬
‫)‪>> plot(x6,y6‬‬

‫‪20‬‬

‫‪15‬‬

‫‪10‬‬

‫‪5‬‬

‫‪0‬‬

‫‪-5‬‬

‫‪-10‬‬

‫‪-15‬‬

‫‪-20‬‬

‫‪-25‬‬
‫‪-5‬‬ ‫‪-4‬‬ ‫‪-3‬‬ ‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫ﻟﺷﻛﻝ ‪) 4-2‬ﺍﻟﺣﻝ ﺑﺧﻣﺳﺔ ﻗﻁﻊ(‬

‫ﺑﺎﺳﺗﺧﺩﺍﻡ ‪ 7‬ﻧﻘﺎﻁ‪:‬‬
‫;)‪>> x7 = linspace(-5,2,7‬‬
‫;‪>> y7=x7.^3+4.*x7.^2-x7-4‬‬
‫)‪>> plot(x7,y7‬‬

‫‪20‬‬

‫‪15‬‬

‫‪10‬‬

‫‪5‬‬

‫‪0‬‬

‫‪-5‬‬

‫‪-10‬‬

‫‪-15‬‬

‫‪-20‬‬

‫‪-25‬‬
‫‪-5‬‬ ‫‪-4‬‬ ‫‪-3‬‬ ‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫ﺷﻛﻝ ‪) 5-2‬ﺍﻟﺣﻝ ﺑﺳﺗﺔ ﻗﻁﻊ(‬

‫‪4‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻛﺗﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻬﻧﺩﺱ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺣﺑﻳﺏ‬

‫‪Syrian Arab Republic‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺟﻣﻬﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺳﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬
‫‪University Of Aleppo‬‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺣﻠﺏ‬
‫‪Faculty Of Civil Engineering‬‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻧﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺑﺎﺳﺗﺧﺩﺍﻡ ‪ 101‬ﻧﻘﻁﺔ‪:‬‬
‫;)‪>> x100 = linspace(-5,2,100‬‬
‫;‪>> y100=x100.^3+4.*x100.^2-x100-4‬‬
‫)‪>> plot(x100,y100‬‬

‫‪20‬‬

‫‪15‬‬

‫‪10‬‬

‫‪5‬‬

‫‪0‬‬

‫‪-5‬‬

‫‪-10‬‬

‫‪-15‬‬

‫‪-20‬‬

‫‪-25‬‬
‫‪-5‬‬ ‫‪-4‬‬ ‫‪-3‬‬ ‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫ﺷﻛﻝ ‪) 6-2‬ﺍﻟﺣﻝ ﺑﻣﺎﺋﺔ ﻗﻁﻌﺔ(‬

‫‪5‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻛﺗﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻬﻧﺩﺱ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺣﺑﻳﺏ‬

‫‪Syrian Arab Republic‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺟﻣﻬﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺳﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬
‫‪University Of Aleppo‬‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺣﻠﺏ‬
‫‪Faculty Of Civil Engineering‬‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻧﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪3‬‬
‫ﺍﺭﺳﻡ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﺃﻟﻣﺛﻠﺛﻲ )𝒙𝟐( 𝐬𝐨𝐜𝟓 ‪ 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒚 = 𝟏.‬ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﺿﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﺎﻝ 𝝅𝟐 ≤ 𝒙 ≤ 𝟎 ﻭﺫﻟﻙ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺗﻘﺭﻳﺏ ﺑﺎﺳﺗﺧﺩﺍﻡ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻧﻘﺎﻁ‪ 15 ,10 ,5 :‬ﻭ ‪ 20‬ﻧﻘﻁﺔ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻘﺎﻁﻊ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺣﻝ‬
‫)‪>> x5=linspace(0,2*pi,5‬‬
‫;)‪>> y5=1.5*cos(2.*x5‬‬
‫)‪>> plot(x5,y5‬‬
‫‪1.5‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪0.5‬‬

‫‪0‬‬

‫‪-0.5‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬

‫‪-1.5‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬

‫;)‪>> x10=linspace(0,2*pi,10‬‬
‫;)‪>> y10=1.5*cos(2.*x10‬‬
‫)‪>> plot(x10,y10‬‬
‫‪1.5‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪0.5‬‬

‫‪0‬‬

‫‪-0.5‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬

‫‪-1.5‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬

‫‪6‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻛﺗﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻬﻧﺩﺱ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺣﺑﻳﺏ‬

Syrian Arab Republic ‫ﺍﻟﺟﻣﻬﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺳﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬
University Of Aleppo ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺣﻠﺏ‬
Faculty Of Civil Engineering ‫ﻛﻠﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻧﻳﺔ‬

>> x15=linspace(0,2*pi,15);
>> y15=1.5*cos(2.*x15);
>> plot(x15,y15)
1.5

0.5

-0.5

-1

-1.5
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

>> x20=linspace(0,2*pi,20);
>> y20=1.5*cos(2.*x20);
>> plot(x20,y20)
1.5

0.5

-0.5

-1

-1.5
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

7 ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻛﺗﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻬﻧﺩﺱ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺣﺑﻳﺏ‬

‫‪Syrian Arab Republic‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺟﻣﻬﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺳﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬
‫‪University Of Aleppo‬‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺣﻠﺏ‬
‫‪Faculty Of Civil Engineering‬‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻧﻳﺔ‬

‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎﺕ‬
‫‪ ‬ﻣﻥ ﺃﺟﻝ ﺭﺳﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺧﻁﻳﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺷﻛﻝ ‪ ax + by = c,‬ﻭ ﻋﻧﺩﻣﺎ ﻳﻛﻭﻥ ﻣﺣﻘﻘﺎ ‪ a ≠ 0‬ﻭ ‪b ≠ 0‬‬
‫ﻓﺈﻧﻧﺎ ﺑﺣﺎﺟﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻧﻘﻁﺗﻳﻥ ﻓﻘﻁ ﻭﺍﻟﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﺑﻳﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﻧﺎﺗﺞ ﻫﻭ ﻣﺳﺗﻘﻳﻡ‬
‫‪ ‬ﻣﻥ ﺃﺟﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻐﻳﺭ ﺧﻁﻳﺔ ﻓﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﺑﻳﺎﻧﻲ ﻫﻭ ﻣﻧﺣﻥ ﻭﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺩﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﺣﻧﻰ ﺗﻌﻭﺩ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻋﺩﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺗﻘﺭﻳﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﺧﺩﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺭﺳﻡ ﻣﻥ ﻗﺑﻝ ﻣﺎﺗﻼﺏ‬
‫‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺣﺩﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﺧﺩﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﻣﺣﺎﻭﺭ ‪ x‬ﻭ ‪ y‬ﻳﺗﻡ ﻣﺭﺍﻗﺑﺗﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺎﺗﻼﺏ ﺑﺎﻻﻣﺭ )]‪ xlim([xmin xmax‬ﻭﺍﻻﻣﺭ‬
‫‪ylim([ymin ymax]).‬‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪4‬‬
‫ﺍﺳﺗﺧﺩﻡ ﻣﺎﺗﻼﺏ ﻣﻥ ﺍﺟﻝ ﺍﻟﺣﺻﻭﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺑﻳﺎﻧﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺱ ﺍﻟﻧﺎﻓﺫﺓ ﻟﻠﺗﺎﺑﻌﻳﻥ ‪:‬‬

‫ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﺿﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﺎﻝ ‪0 ≤ x ≤ 2π‬ﺑﺎﺳﺗﺧﺩﺍﻡ ‪ 20‬ﻧﻘﻁﺔ ﻣﺗﺑﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺧﻁﻳﺎ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺣﻝ‬
‫;)‪>> x=linspace(0,2*pi,50‬‬
‫;)‪>> y1=2.5*cos(x‬‬
‫;)‪>> y2=3.5*sin(x‬‬
‫)‪>> plot(x,y1‬‬
‫‪>> hold on‬‬
‫)‪>> plot(x,y2‬‬

‫‪4‬‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫)𝑥( ‪3.5 sin‬‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪0‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬

‫)𝑥( ‪2.5 cos‬‬

‫‪-2‬‬

‫‪-3‬‬

‫‪-4‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬

‫‪8‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻛﺗﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻬﻧﺩﺱ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺣﺑﻳﺏ‬

‫‪Syrian Arab Republic‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺟﻣﻬﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺳﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬
‫‪University Of Aleppo‬‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺣﻠﺏ‬
‫‪Faculty Of Civil Engineering‬‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻧﻳﺔ‬

‫ﻳﻣﻛﻧﻙ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻣﻧﺣﻧﻲ ﺧﻁﻲ ﺑﺎﺳﺗﺧﺩﺍﻡ )’‪: line(x, y, ’linestyle‬‬

‫ﻣﻥ ﺃﺟﻝ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻛﺛﻳﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺣﺩﻭﺩ ]‪ [f(x) = 0.005x3 + 0.015x2 + 0.01x − 1‬ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺷﻛﻝ ﺍﻟﺳﺑﻕ ﻧﺟﺩ‪:‬‬
‫;‪>> fx = 0.005*x.^3+0.015*x.^2+0.01*x-1‬‬
‫)‪>> line(x,fx‬‬
‫‪4‬‬

‫‪3‬‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪0‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬

‫‪-2‬‬

‫‪-3‬‬ ‫‪0.005*x.^3+0.015*x.^2+0.01*x-1‬‬
‫‪-4‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬

‫ﺍﺳﺗﺧﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺭ ))‪ plotyy(x, f1(x), x, f2(x‬ﻣﻥ ﺍﺟﻝ ﺭﺳﻡ ﻣﺧﻁﻁﻳﻥ ﺿﻣﻥ ﻧﻔﺱ ﺍﻟﻧﺎﻓﺫﺓ ﻭﺑﻣﻘﻳﺎﺳﻳﻥ ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﻳﻥ ‪:‬‬
‫;)‪>> x = linspace(0,3*pi,100‬‬
‫;)‪>> y1 = 10*sin(x‬‬
‫;)‪>> y2 = 2*cos(x) + rand(1,100‬‬
‫)‪>> plot(x,y1,x,y2‬‬

‫‪10‬‬

‫‪8‬‬

‫‪6‬‬

‫‪4‬‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫‪0‬‬

‫‪-2‬‬

‫‪-4‬‬

‫‪-6‬‬

‫‪-8‬‬

‫‪-10‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬

‫‪9‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻛﺗﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻬﻧﺩﺱ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺣﺑﻳﺏ‬

Syrian Arab Republic ‫ﺍﻟﺟﻣﻬﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺳﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬
University Of Aleppo ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺣﻠﺏ‬
Faculty Of Civil Engineering ‫ﻛﻠﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻧﻳﺔ‬

>> plotyy(x,y1,x,y2)
10 3

8 2.5

6 2

4 1.5

2 1

0 0.5

-2 0

-4 -0.5

-6 -1

-8 -1.5

-10 -2
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

10 ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻛﺗﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻬﻧﺩﺱ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺣﺑﻳﺏ‬

‫‪Syrian Arab Republic‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺟﻣﻬﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺳﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬
‫‪University Of Aleppo‬‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺣﻠﺏ‬
‫‪Faculty Of Civil Engineering‬‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻧﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ )’‪plot(x,y,’options‬‬

‫ﺗﺗﻠﺧﺹ ﺍﺧﺗﻳﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻣﺭ ‪ plot‬ﺑﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺣﺭﻑ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺃﺣﺭﻑ ﻣﻭﺿﻭﻋﺔ ﺿﻣﻥ ﻗﻭﺳﻳﻥ ﺻﻐﻳﺭﻳﻥ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ : a‬ﺗﺣﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻠﻭﻥ‬
‫‪ : b‬ﺗﺣﺩﺩ ﻣﺣﺭﻑ ﺍﻟﻁﺑﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻳﺗﻡ ﺭﺳﻣﻪ‬
‫‪ : c‬ﺗﺣﺩﺩ ﻧﻣﻁ ﺍﻟﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﻣﺭﺳﻭﻡ‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪: 5‬‬
‫)'‪>> plot(x,y2,'r + :‬‬

‫‪3‬‬

‫‪2.5‬‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫‪1.5‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪0.5‬‬

‫‪0‬‬

‫‪-0.5‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬

‫‪-1.5‬‬

‫‪-2‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬

‫‪11‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻛﺗﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻬﻧﺩﺱ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺣﺑﻳﺏ‬

‫‪Syrian Arab Republic‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺟﻣﻬﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺳﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬
‫‪University Of Aleppo‬‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺣﻠﺏ‬
‫‪Faculty Of Civil Engineering‬‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻧﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ )‪: subplot(m, n, p‬‬

‫ﻳﺟﺯﺉ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻷﻣﺭ ﻧﺎﻓﺫﺓ ﺍﻷﺷﻛﺎﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺻﻔﻭﻓﺔ ﻣﺣﺎﻭﺭ ‪ m , n‬ﻳﻌﻁﻰ ﻓﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺩﻟﻳﻝ ‪ p‬ﻟﻠﺭﺳﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺟﺯء‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﻁﻠﻭﺏ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﻔﻭﻓﺔ ﻭﻣﺟﺎﻟﻪ ﻣﻌﻁﻰ‪1 ≤ p ≤ n . m :‬‬
‫ﻳﺗﻡ ﺗﺭﻗﻳﻡ ﺃﺟﺯﺍء ﺍﻟﻧﺎﻓﺫﺓ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻳﺳﺎﺭ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻳﻣﻳﻥ ﺍﺑﺗﺩﺍء ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺳﻁﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭﻱ‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪6‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳﺗﺧﺩﺍﻡ ﻣﻌﻁﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺗﻣﺭﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺑﻊ ﺟﺯﺉ ﺍﻟﻧﺎﻓﺫﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻗﺳﻣﻳﻥ ﻭﻏﻳﺭ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻭﻥ ﺍﻷﺣﻣﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺟﺯء ﺍﻟﺳﻔﻠﻲ‬
‫)‪>> SUBPLOT(2,1,1), plot(x,y2‬‬
‫)'‪>> SUBPLOT(2,1,2), plot(x,y2,'r + :‬‬

‫‪3‬‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪0‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬

‫‪-2‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬

‫‪3‬‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪0‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬

‫‪-2‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪7‬‬
‫ﺍﺳﺗﺧﺩﻡ ﻣﻌﻁﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺗﻣﺭﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺑﻊ ﻭﺟﺯء ﺍﻟﻧﺎﻓﺫﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺃﻗﺳﺎﻡ ‪:‬‬
‫)‪>> SUBPLOT(2,2,1), plot(x,y2‬‬
‫)'‪>> SUBPLOT(2,2,2), plot(x,y2,'r + :‬‬
‫)'‪>> SUBPLOT(2,2,3), plot(x,y2,'b + :‬‬
‫)'‪>> SUBPLOT(2,2,4), plot(x,y2,'b * :‬‬

‫‪12‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻛﺗﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻬﻧﺩﺱ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺣﺑﻳﺏ‬

‫‪Syrian Arab Republic‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺟﻣﻬﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺳﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬
‫‪University Of Aleppo‬‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺣﻠﺏ‬
‫‪Faculty Of Civil Engineering‬‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻧﻳﺔ‬

‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬

‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬

‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪-2‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬

‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬

‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬

‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪-2‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬

‫‪13‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻛﺗﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻬﻧﺩﺱ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺣﺑﻳﺏ‬

‫‪Syrian Arab Republic‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺟﻣﻬﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺳﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬
‫‪University Of Aleppo‬‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺣﻠﺏ‬
‫‪Faculty Of Civil Engineering‬‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻧﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪8‬‬
‫ﺍﻛﺗﺏ ﺑﺭﻧﺎﻣﺟﺎ ﻳﺳﻣﺢ ﺑﺗﻘﺳﻳﻡ ﻧﺎﻓﺫﺓ ﺍﻟﺭﺳﻡ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺃﺟﺯﺍء ﻭﺍﺭﺳﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻝ ﺟﺯء ﺍﻟﺗﻭﺍﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﻟﻳﺔ ‪:‬‬

‫ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﺿﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﺎﻝ ‪ 1 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 5‬ﻣﻊ ﺗﻘﺭﻳﺏ ﺑﻌﺩﺩ ‪ 17‬ﻧﻘﻁﺔ‬

‫ﻣﻊ ﻣﺭﺍﻋﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻁﻠﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﻟﻳﺔ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ (a‬ﺍﻟﻣﻧﺣﻧﻲ ‪ 𝑦1‬ﻳﻣﺛﻝ ﺑﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﻣﻧﻔﺻﻠﺔ ﺗﻁﺑﻊ ﺑﻭﺍﺳﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﻣﺯ ”*“‬
‫‪ (b‬ﺍﻟﻣﻧﺣﻧﻲ ‪ 𝑦2‬ﻳﻣﺛﻝ ﺑﺧﻁ ﻣﺗﺻﻝ )ﺍﻓﺗﺭﺍﺿﻲ(‬
‫‪ (c‬ﺍﺳﺗﺧﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﻘﺎﻳﻳﺱ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﻟﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﺟﻝ ﻛﻝ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﺣﻧﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺧﻁﻲ )‪Linear (plot 1‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺧﻁﻲ ﻟﻭﻏﺎﺭﻳﺗﻣﻲ )‪Linear-logarithmic (plot 2‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻣﻭﻏﺎﺭﻳﺗﻣﻲ ﺧﻁﻲ )‪Logarithmic-linear (plot 3‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﻟﻭﻏﺎﺭﻳﺗﻣﻲ ﻟﻭﻏﺎﺭﻳﺗﻣﻲ )‪Logarithmic-logarithmic (plot 4‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺤﻞ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺎﺗﻼﺏ‬
‫;)‪>> x = linspace(1,5,17‬‬
‫;)‪>> y1 = 27*exp(-2*x‬‬
‫;‪>> y2 = 15*(0.3).^x‬‬
‫‪>> % plot 1‬‬
‫)‪subplot(2,2,1‬‬
‫)‪plot (x,y1,'*',x,y2‬‬
‫‪>> % plot 2‬‬
‫)‪subplot(2,2,2‬‬
‫)‪semilogy(x,y1,'*',x,y2‬‬
‫‪>> % plot 3‬‬
‫)‪subplot(2,2,3‬‬
‫)‪semilogx(x,y1,'*',x,y2‬‬
‫‪>> % plot 4‬‬
‫)‪subplot(2,2,4‬‬
‫)‪loglog(x,y1,'*',x,y2‬‬
‫>>‬

‫‪14‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻛﺗﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻬﻧﺩﺱ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺣﺑﻳﺏ‬

‫‪Syrian Arab Republic‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺟﻣﻬﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺳﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬
‫‪University Of Aleppo‬‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺣﻠﺏ‬
‫‪Faculty Of Civil Engineering‬‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻧﻳﺔ‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬

‫‪4‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫‪10‬‬
‫‪3‬‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪-2‬‬
‫‪10‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪-4‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬

‫‪4‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫‪10‬‬
‫‪3‬‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪-2‬‬
‫‪10‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪-4‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬

‫‪15‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻛﺗﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻬﻧﺩﺱ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺣﺑﻳﺏ‬

‫‪Syrian Arab Republic‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺟﻣﻬﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺳﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬
‫‪University Of Aleppo‬‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺣﻠﺏ‬
‫‪Faculty Of Civil Engineering‬‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻧﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪8‬‬

‫ﺃﻛﺗﺏ ﺑﺭﻧﺎﻣﺟﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺎﺗﻼﺏ ﻳﻌﻁﻳﻧﺎ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﺣﻧﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﻟﻳﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪ cos(𝑥 ) (a‬ﻭ )𝑥( ‪ sin‬ﻣﻣﺛﻠﺔ ﺑﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﻣﺗﻘﻁﻌﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺭﻣﺯ " * " ﻭ ﺍﻟﺭﻣﺯ " ‪ " d‬ﺑﺎﻟﺗﺗﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫‪ (b‬ﺍﻟﻣﻧﺣﻧﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺳﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻓﻲ ‪ a.‬ﻣﻊ ﻭﺻﻝ ﺍﻟﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺑﺧﻁﻭﻁ ﻣﺗﻭﺍﺻﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺗﻌﻣﻝ ‪ 20‬ﻧﻘﻁﺔ ﺧﻁﻳﺔ ﻣﺗﺑﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺿﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﺎﻝ ‪0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2π‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺤﻞ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺎﺗﻼﺏ‬

‫‪<<format compact‬‬
‫;)‪<<X = linspace(0,2*pi,20‬‬
‫;)‪<<Y1 = cos(X‬‬
‫;)‪<<Y2 = sin(X‬‬
‫)‪<<subplot(2,1,1‬‬
‫)'‪<<plot(X,Y1,'*',X,Y2,'d‬‬ ‫)‪% part (a‬‬
‫)‪<<subplot (2,1,2‬‬
‫)‪<<plot(X,Y1,'*',X,Y1,X,Y2,'d',X,Y2) %part (b‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪0.5‬‬

‫‪0‬‬

‫‪-0.5‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪0.5‬‬

‫‪0‬‬

‫‪-0.5‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬

‫‪16‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻛﺗﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻬﻧﺩﺱ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺣﺑﻳﺏ‬

‫‪Syrian Arab Republic‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺟﻣﻬﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺳﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬
‫‪University Of Aleppo‬‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺣﻠﺏ‬
‫‪Faculty Of Civil Engineering‬‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻧﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺑﻌﺾ ﺃﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ‪plot‬‬

‫ﺍﻷﻣﺭ‬
‫)‪plot (x, y‬‬
‫)’‪plot (x, y, ‘k‬‬
‫)’*’ ‪plot (x, y,‬‬
‫)‘‪plot (x, y, ’--‬‬
‫)’‪plot (x, y, ’r*:‬‬
‫ﺷﺭﺡ‬
‫>‪ <xi, yi‬ﻣﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﺑﺨﻂ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺃﺯﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻁ‬
‫>‪ <xi, yi‬ﻣﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﺑﺨﻂ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺃﺳﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻁ‬
‫>‪ <xi, yi‬ﻣﻤﺜﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻣﺰ )*(‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻁ‬
‫>‪ <xi, yi‬ﻣﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﺑﺨﻂ ﻣﻬﺸﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻁ‬
‫>‪ <xi, yi‬ﻣﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﺑﺨﻂ ﻣﻨﻘﻂ ﺃﺣﻤﺮ ﻣﻤﺜﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻣﺰ )*(‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻁ‬

‫‪colordef white or colordef none‬‬‫ﺍﻷﻣﺭ ‪ colordef color‬ﻳﺳﻣﺢ ﺑﺗﻐﻳﻳﺭ ﻟﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺧﻠﻔﻳﺔ ﺍﻻﻓﺗﺭﺍﺿﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻣﺭ ‪ grid on‬ﻳﺳﻣﺢ ﺑﺭﺳﻡ ﺍﻟﺷﺑﻛﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻧﺎﻓﺫﺓ ﺍﻷﺷﻛﺎﻝ ﻭﻹﺯﺍﻟﺗﻬﺎ ﻧﺳﺗﻌﻣﻝ ‪grid off‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻣﺭ ‪ box on‬ﻳﺳﻣﺢ ﺑﻭﺿﻊ ﺇﻁﺎﺭ ﺣﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺷﻛﻝ ﻭﻹﺯﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻹﻁﺎﺭ ﻧﺳﺗﻌﻣﻝ ﺍﻷﻣﺭ ‪box off‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻣﺭ )’‪ xlabel(‘text1‬ﻟﻛﺗﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻧﻭﺍﻥ ﻣﺣﻭﺭ ‪x‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻣﺭ )’‪ ylabel(‘text2‬ﻟﻛﺗﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻧﻭﺍﻥ ﻣﺣﻭﺭ ‪Y‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻣﺭ )’‪ title(‘text3‬ﻟﻛﺗﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻧﻭﺍﻥ ﻟﻠﺷﻛﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻣﺭ )’‪ text(xa, ya, ’text4‬ﻟﻛﺗﺎﺑﺔ ﺗﻌﻠﻳﻕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﺣﺩﺍﺛﻳﺎﺕ ‪ xa, ya‬ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺷﻛﻝ‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪9‬‬

‫ﻟﻳﻛﻥ ﻟﺩﻳﻧﺎ )‪ y1(x) = 5 cos(2x‬ﻭ )‪ y2(x) = 3 sin(x‬ﺗﺎﺑﻌﻳﻥ ﻣﻌﺭﻓﻳﻥ ﺿﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﺎﻝ‬

‫‪ 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2π‬ﺑﺎﺳﺗﺧﺩﺍﻡ ‪ 40‬ﻧﻘﻁﺔ ﻣﺗﺑﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺧﻁﻳﺎ‬
‫ﺃﻛﺗﺏ ﺑﺭﻧﺎﻣﺟﺎ ﻳﻅﻬﺭ ﺍﻟﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﺑﻳﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﻠﺗﺎﺑﻌﻳﻥ )‪ y1(x‬ﻭ )‪ y2(x‬ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﺑﺎﺳﺗﻌﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺧﺻﺎﺋﺹ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﻟﻳﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪ (a‬ﺍﺳﺗﺧﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺭﻣﺯ * ﻟﺭﺳﻡ )‪ y1(x‬ﺑﺎﺳﺗﺧﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﻣﺭ‬
‫‪ (b‬ﺍﺳﺗﺧﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺭﻣﺯ ‪ +‬ﻟﺭﺳﻡ )‪ y2(x‬ﺑﺎﺳﺗﺧﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﻣﺭ‬
‫‪ (c‬ﺍﻛﺗﺏ ﻋﻧﻭﺍﻥ ﻟﻛﻝ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺣﻭﺭﻳﻥ ‪x ; y‬‬
‫‪ (d‬ﺍﻛﺗﺏ ﻋﻧﻭﺍﻥ ﻟﻠﺷﻛﻝ‬
‫‪ (e‬ﺍﻛﺗﺏ ﺍﻟﺗﻌﻠﻳﻕ ‪ 5 cos 2x‬ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﻭﻗﻊ >‪<0.5, 4‬‬
‫‪ (f‬ﺍﻛﺗﺏ ﺍﻟﺗﻌﻠﻳﻕ )‪ 3 sin(X‬ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﻭﻗﻊ >‪<2, 3‬‬

‫‪17‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻛﺗﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻬﻧﺩﺱ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺣﺑﻳﺏ‬

Syrian Arab Republic ‫ﺍﻟﺟﻣﻬﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺳﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬
University Of Aleppo ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺣﻠﺏ‬
Faculty Of Civil Engineering ‫ﻛﻠﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻧﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺤﻞ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺎﺗﻼﺏ‬

>> X = linspace(0,2*pi,40); % creates X with 40 elements linearly spaced

>> Y1 = 5*cos(2.*X); % evaluates Y1 for the 40 elements of X
>> Y2 = 3*sin(X); % evaluates Y2 for each of the 40 elements of X
>> plot (X,Y1,’*’,X,Y1,X,Y2,’+’,X,Y2) % creates the plots of [Y1 and Y2] vs. X
>> xlabel (‘X’) % creates label X
>> ylabel(‘Y’) % creates label Y
>> title (‘5cos(2X) and 3sin(X) VS X’) % creates the title
>> text (0.5,4,’5cos2x’) % places text at x = 0.5, y = 4
>> gtext (‘3sinx’) % places text <2,3> by the click of the mouse
>> grid on % adds a grid

5cos(2X) and 3sin(X) VS X

5

4 5cos2x

3 3sinx

0
Y

-1

-2

-3

-4

-5
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
X

10 ‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ‬

‫ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻣﺻﻁﻠﺣﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﺷﻛﻝ‬

‫ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺭﻓﻳﻥ ﺿﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﺎﻝ‬y1(x) = sin(x) and y2(x) = sin2(x)/x ‫ﻣﻥ ﺃﺟﻝ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺑﻌﻳﻥ‬
0.4 ‫ ﺑﺗﺑﺎﻋﺩ ﺧﻁﻲ ﺑﻘﻳﻣﺔ‬−2π ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2π
‫ﻟﻧﺭﺳﻡ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﺑﺧﻁ ﻣﻧﻘﻁ ﺑﺎﺳﺗﻌﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻧﺟﻣﺔ ﻛﺭﻣﺯ‬

18 ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻛﺗﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻬﻧﺩﺱ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺣﺑﻳﺏ‬

Syrian Arab Republic ‫ﺍﻟﺟﻣﻬﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺳﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬
University Of Aleppo ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺣﻠﺏ‬
Faculty Of Civil Engineering ‫ﻛﻠﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻧﻳﺔ‬

‫ﻭﻟﻧﺭﺳﻡ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﺧﻁ ﻣﻬﺷﺭ ﻭﺑﺎﺳﺗﻌﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﺭﺑﻊ ﻛﺭﻣﺯ‬

>> x = -2*pi:0.4:2*pi;
>> y1 = sin(x);
>> y2 = y1.^2./x;
>> plot (x,y1,’:*’,x,y2,’s--‘)
>> xlabel(‘x’), ylabel(‘y’), % creates labels for x and y
>> title (‘Example using legend, box, grid, labels (x & y),and title’)
>> grid on; box on; % creates grid & box
>> legend (‘y1(x)’,’y2(x)’) % creates the legend box
>> text(-4,0.7,’sin(x)’) % places the text sin(x) at <-4,0.7>
>> text(5,0.2,’sin(x)/x’) % places the text sin(x)/x at <5,0.2>
Example using legend, box, grid, labels (x & y),and title
1
y1(x)
0.8 y2(x)
sin(x)
0.6

0.4

0.2 sin(x)/x

0
y

-0.2

-0.4

-0.6

-0.8

-1
-8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8
x

19 ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻛﺗﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻬﻧﺩﺱ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺣﺑﻳﺏ‬

‫‪Syrian Arab Republic‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺟﻣﻬﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺳﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬
‫‪University Of Aleppo‬‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺣﻠﺏ‬
‫‪Faculty Of Civil Engineering‬‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻧﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ‪fplot‬‬

‫)]‪ fplot(‘f1(x), f2(x), …, fn(x).’, [xmin xmax ymin ymax‬ﻳﺴﻤﺢ ﺑﺮﺳﻢ ﻋﺪﺓ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﺘﻮﺍﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺿﻤﻦ ﻣﺠﺎﻻﺗﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺮﻯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻈﻤﻰ ﻭﺑﺷﻛﻝ ﺃﻥ ﻣﺎﺗﻼﺏ ﻳﺧﺗﺎﺭ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻧﻘﺎﻁ‬
‫ﺑﺷﻛﻝ ﺃﻭﺗﻭﻣﺎﺗﻳﻛﻲ‬
‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪11‬‬

‫ﺍﺳﺗﺧﺩﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺭ ‪ fplot‬ﻟﺭﺳﻡ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺑﻊ ])‪ [f(x) = 4 cos(x) cos(10x‬ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺭﻑ ﺿﻣﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻣﺟﺎﻝ ‪ 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2π‬ﻟﻘﻳﻡ ‪ x‬ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺟﺎﻝ ‪ −5 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 5‬ﻟﻘﻳﻡ 𝑦‬

‫ﺍﻟﺣﻝ‬

‫>>‬ ‫)]‪fplot (‘4*cos(x)*cos(10*x)’, [0 2*pi -5 5‬‬

‫>>‬ ‫)’)‪title (‘f(x)=4*cos(x)*cos(10*x‬‬
‫>>‬ ‫)’‪xlabel(‘x‬‬
‫>>‬ ‫)’‪ylabel(‘y‬‬

‫)‪f(x)=4*cos(x)*cos(10*x‬‬
‫‪5‬‬

‫‪4‬‬

‫‪3‬‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪0‬‬
‫‪y‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬

‫‪-2‬‬

‫‪-3‬‬

‫‪-4‬‬

‫‪-5‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬
‫‪x‬‬

‫‪20‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻛﺗﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻬﻧﺩﺱ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺣﺑﻳﺏ‬

Syrian Arab Republic ‫ﺍﻟﺟﻣﻬﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺳﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬
University Of Aleppo ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺣﻠﺏ‬
Faculty Of Civil Engineering ‫ﻛﻠﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻧﻳﺔ‬

12 ‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ‬
‫ ﻣﻥ ﺃﺟﻝ ﺍﻟﺣﺻﻭﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺩﺓ ﻣﻧﺣﻧﻳﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﺗﻭﺍﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﻟﻳﺔ‬fplot ‫ﺍﺳﺗﺧﺩﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺭ‬
−3 ≤ y ≤ 3. ‫ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻞ‬−π ≤ x ≤ π ‫ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻝ‬f3(x) = cot(x) ‫ ﻭ‬f1(x) = tan(x), f2(x) = sec(x)

‫ﺍﻟﺣﻝ‬
>> fplot (‘[tan(x),sec(x),cot(x)]’,[-pi pi -3 3])
>> xlabel(‘x’);ylabel(‘y’);
>> title(‘[tan(x),sec(x),cot(x)] vs x, for-pi<x<pi’)

[tan(x),sec(x),cot(x)] vs x, for-pi<x<pi
3

0
y

-1

-2

-3
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
x

21 ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻛﺗﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻬﻧﺩﺱ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺣﺑﻳﺏ‬