Important Reports & Indices For RBI Grade B Phase I 2023 1688136683004 PM

BAZOOKA: Reports & Indices 2023
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www.practicemock.com 1 info@practicemock.com 9319314079

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NOTE: This file contains the most important “Reports & Indices” news from 1st March 2023 –
23rd June 2023. It will be beneficial for the General Awareness (GA/GK) section of the upcoming
RBI Grade B 2023 Phase 1 Examination.
Important Reports & Indices

Global Gender Gap Index 2023

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1. As per the ‘Oil 2023’ Analysis and forecast to 2028 report released by International Energy
Agency (IEA), India will surpass China as the main driver of global oil demand growth by
2027 as consumption expands in fast-growing developing economies and contracts in the
developed world.
2. Vivek Johri, Chairman, Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs (CBIC) along with other
Members of the Board has released the National Time Release Study (NTRS) 2023 report.
• As per the study, the average import release time has improved in 2023 compared to
2022, achieving 20 percent reduction in release time for ICDs; 11 percent reduction for
ACCs; and 9 percent reduction for seaports.
• In absolute terms, the import release time for seaports, ICDs, ACC and ICPs is 85:42 hrs,
71:46 hrs, 44:16 hrs and 31:47 hrs, respectively.
3. US Green Building Council (USGBC) and Green Business Certification Inc (GBCI) have stated
that India has emerged as a top country with LEED (Leadership in Energy and
Environmental Design) Zero green building projects.
• India has 73 LEED Zero certified projects, comprising 45 percent of the more than 150
total LEED Zero certifications.
• Haryana and Tamil Nadu are leading the way in certifications.

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• In India, realty firm DLF and FMCG player ITC are leading in the LEED Zero green
certification initiative.
• The US and China have the second and third most LEED Zero certifications, with 47 (30 per
cent) and 15 (10 per cent) certifications, respectively.
4. As per the latest data released by Microfinance Institutions Network (MFIN), the Gross loan
portfolio of the microfinance industry has increased by 22% in FY23 to Rs 3.48 lakh crore.
Gross loan portfolio was at Rs.2.85 lakh crore as on March 31, 2022.
• The microfinance active loan accounts has increased by 14.6% during the past 12 months
to 13 crore as on March 31, 2023.
• In terms of regional distribution of gross loan portfolio, East & Northeast and South have
accounted for 63% of the total portfolio.
• Bihar is the largest state in terms of portfolio outstanding, followed by Tamil Nadu and
Uttar Pradesh.
• NBFC-MFIs are the largest provider of micro-credit with a loan amount outstanding of Rs
1,38,310 crore, accounting for 39.7 percent to total industry portfolio in FY23.
5. Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya, the Union Minister for Health and Family Welfare, has released the
5th State Food Safety Index (SFSI), which evaluates the performance of states and union
territories across six different aspects of food safety.
• Among the larger states, Kerala has topped the index, followed by Punjab and Tamil
Nadu.
• Among the smaller states, Goa has emerged as the leader, followed by Manipur and
Sikkim.
• Jammu and Kashmir, Delhi and Chandigarh secured the first, second, and third ranks
respectively among the union territories.
6. The brand valuation firm Brand Finance has released its INDIA 100 2023: The annual report
on the most valuable and strongest Indian brands- June 2023 report in which the Tata
Group has retained its 1st position as the most valued brand in India at USD 26,381 million in
2023.

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• This is the first time that an Indian brand has breached the brand value mark of USD 25
billion.
• It has shown a growth at 10.23% as compared to 2022.
Infosys has retained the second spot in the rankings with a brand value of USD 13 billion. It
is followed by the Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) with a value of USD 9.7 billion.
Among the banks, the State Bank of India (SBI) has the highest brand value of USD 7.33
billion. It is followed by HDFC Bank and ICICI Bank.
Raymond has emerged as the most valuable clothing brand in India with an 83.2 percent rise
in brand value to $273 million.
7. A recent study conducted by the Indian Council of Medical Research–India Diabetes (ICMR-
INDIAB) states that India now has over 101 million people living with diabetes compared to
70 million people in 2019.
Around 136 million people (15.3% of the population) have pre-diabetes, and over 315 million
people have high blood pressure.
The study has been published in the Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology journal.
• The study has shown that Goa has the highest population of diabetic patients is over 26.4
percent of the population, and the lowest prevalence in Uttar Pradesh with over 4.8
percent.
• Goa is followed by Puducherry with 26.3%, and Kerala with 25.5% of the cases.
8. The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has emerged as India’s fourth largest investor in the
fiscal year 2022-23 following the successful implementation of the Comprehensive Economic
Partnership Agreement (CEPA) between the two countries on 1st May 2022.
• In 2023, UAE’s Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) to India has risen to USD 3.35 billion which
is more than tripled from USD 1.03 billion in 2021-22.
• UAE’s investment in India are mainly in sectors like services, sea transport, power and
construction activities.
9. Australia-based Rights group Walk Free Foundation has released the Global Slavery Index
2023, an assessment of modern slavery conditions in 160 countries. As per the index, around
50 million people globally were living in conditions of modern slavery in 2021, a 25% rise over
the last 5 years.
• Among the G20 nations, India has topped the list with 11 million people working as
forced labourers, followed by China, Russia, Indonesia, Turkiye, and the United States of
America (USA).

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Global Analysis:
Top 5 countries (most prevalent): North Korea (1st), Eritrea (2nd), Mauritania (3rd), Saudi
Arabia (4th), and Turkiye (5th).
Top 5 countries (least prevalent): Switzerland (160th), Norway (159th), Germany (158th),
Netherlands (157th), and Sweden (156th).
10. According to the latest data from MyGovIndia, India has topped the global rankings in
digital payments for the year 2022 with 89.5 million digital transactions.
As per the data, India has accounted for 46 percent of the global real-time payments in the
year 2022.
India is followed by Brazil with 29.2 million transactions, China with 17.6 million transactions,
Thailand with 16.5 million digital transactions, and South Korea with 8 million transactions.
11. The National Statistical Office (NSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation
(MoSPI), has released its 18th quarterly Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) bulletin for
January-March 2023 (Q4FY23).
Key findings:
• India’s urban unemployment rate (UR) in Current Weekly Status (CWS) terms for persons
aged 15 years and above has declined to 6.8% during Q4FY23 from 7.2% in Q3FY23.
• UR in CWS (male): 6% and UR in CWS (female): 9.2%
• The highest UR has been seen in Himachal Pradesh (15.2%), followed by Chhattisgarh
(12.5%) and Jammu & Kashmir (12.4%).
• The Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) in CWS is 48.5% in Q4FY23.
• LFPR in CWS (male): 73.5% and LFPR in CWS (female): 22.7%.
• The Worker Population Ratio (WPR) in CWS is 45.2% in Q4FY23.
• WPR in CWS (male): 69.1% and WPR in CWS (female): 20.6%.
12. As per the Employees’ Provident Fund Organisation’s payroll reporting data analysis, 1.39
crore people found new formal jobs in India in FY23. This is a 13 percent increase
compared to FY22.
• Maharashtra has topped with a 15 percent increase in formal jobs in FY23.
• Tamil Nadu is in second place, with 14.05 net new payroll additions in FY23.
• Karnataka, Haryana, and Gujarat have bagged the third, fourth and fifth positions,
respectively.

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• Among the large states, Assam has the fewest formal job creations at 64,432. This is,
however, a 177 percent increase compared to FY22.
• The 22-25 age group has bagged the most jobs at 36.24 lakh.
13. As per the latest data released by the Union Government, India’s growth rate for FY23 has
been projected at 7.2% as compared to 9.1% GDP growth in FY22.
Manufacturing sector has grown by 1.3 percent in FY23 after growing 11.1 percent in FY22
while agriculture, forestry and fishing has grown at 4 percent in FY23 against 3.5 percent
growth seen in the fiscal before.
The Indian economy GDP growth in Q4 FY23 (January to March 2023) is projected at 6.1%
year-on-year (YoY) when compared to the 4.5% growth in Q3 FY23 and 4% in FY22.
14. The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), in partnership with the Indian G20
Presidency, has launched a comprehensive report titled “Low-cost finance for energy
transition”. The report has praised India’s achievement in rolling out renewable energy
capacity.
The report is developed in collaboration with India’s Ministry of New and Renewable Energy
(MNRE).
The report provides a toolbox to increase the availability of low-cost capital in G20 countries
and beyond.
Key highlights of the report:
• India ranked third on the Renewable Energy Attractive Index in 2021 and India’s solar and
wind power base is the fourth largest in the world.
• India’s renewable energy sector growth is being driven by national targets of 175 GW of
renewable energy capacity by 2022 and 500 GW of non-fossil fuel capacity by 2030.
• The report mentioned sovereign green bonds as a next logical step to showcase India’s
commitment to building a low-carbon economy, mobilise private sector capital for
sustainable development and lower the cost of capital for green projects by tapping into
new investors.
• The report estimated that India would need USD 10 trillion between 2022 and 2070 to
achieve them to meet its 2070 net-zero target.

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15. The 8th edition of the National Institute Ranking Framework (NIRF) India Rankings 2023,
prepared by the Ministry of Education (MoE), has been released by the Minister of State for
Education, Rajkumar Ranjan Singh.
As per the list, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT)-Madras has secured the top spot for the
fifth consecutive year.
• IIT Madras is followed by the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) Bengaluru at 2nd, IIT Delhi
at 3rd, IIT Bombay at 4th, and IIT Kanpur at 5th place.
• IIT-Madras has also bagged the first position in engineering for the eighth year in a row.
• IIT Madras has also ranked 2nd among research institutions and ranked 2nd best for
innovation.
16. The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI), under the Ministry of Road Transport &
Highways (MoRTH), has released its inaugural ‘Sustainability Report for Financial Year
2021-22’ which covers NHAI’s governance structure, stakeholders, environment and social
responsibility initiatives.
Key findings of the report:

• The gradual decrease in Green House Gas emissions intensity of 9.7 percent in FY 2020-21
and 2 percent in FY 2021-22.
• NHAI has continuously been using recycled materials (Recycled Asphalt and Recycled
Aggregates) for highways construction.
• NHAI has increased the utilization of certain materials (like, Copper slag, Fly Ash, Steel
slag, Cold Asphalt Mix) in road construction for ensuring sustainability and reducing
environmental footprints.
• More than 100 Wildlife crossings were created in 3 years across 20 states.
• More than 2.74 crore saplings were planted till 2021-22 to offset direct emissions from the
vehicles.
17. Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham in Coimbatore (Tamil Nadu) has emerged as India’s highest-
placed university in the ‘Times Higher Education (THE) Impact Rankings 2023’. It has been
ranked 52nd in the world for tackling some of the biggest global challenges.
Western Sydney University in Australia has topped the overall ranking for the second year
in a row, followed by the University of Manchester in the UK and Queen’s University in
Canada

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Other Indian universities in the top 300 include:
• Lovely Professional University in Punjab, ranked between 101 and 200;
• Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences in Himachal Pradesh
ranked between 101 and 200; and
• KIIT University in Odisha ranked between 201 and 300.
18. The Impact Rankings is a global performance table that assesses universities against the
United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Indian University among top 100 under each Sustainable Development Goals (SDG):
Sustainable Development Goals Indian University under SDG
(SDG)
SDG 1 (No Poverty) JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research,
Mysuru (65th)
SDG 2 (Zero Hunger) Lovely Professional University (41st)
SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being) JSS Academy (16th), Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham
(23rd) and Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher
Education and Research (83rd).
SDG 4 (Quality Education) Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham (9th), Manipal Academy
of Higher Education (25th), and B.S. Abdur Rahman
Crescent Institute of Science and Technology (75th)
SDG 5 (Gender Equality) Manipal Academy of Higher Education (4th), and
Amrita University (46th)
SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation) Amrita University (24th), Shoolini University of
Biotechnology and Management Sciences (41st) and
B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and
Technology and SRM Institute of Science and
Technology, Chennai (77th).
SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) IIT Guwahati (6th), Saveetha Institute of Medical and
Technical Sciences (18th), Chitkara University,
Chandigarh (40th), Shoolini University of
Biotechnology and Management Sciences (43rd) and
LPU at 77th.
SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic University of Calcutta (52nd) and LPU (97th)
Growth)
SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities) KIIT University (17th)
SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences
and Production) (44th), and IIT Gandhinagar (54th)

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19. The Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) has projected that India's GDP growth for the
fiscal year 2023-24 will be in the range of 6.5-6.7 percent supported by strong domestic
drivers and robust Capital expenditures (CapEx) momentum of the government.
CII has also projected India’s GDP to grow in Q4 FY23 by 6.1%, with an annual growth rate of
FY23 at 7.2 percent.
India’s GDP growth is expected to increase to 7.8% in the next decade (FY22-31) as compared
to 6.6% in the previous decade.
20. As per the data released by the Controller General of Accounts (CGA), the fiscal deficit
target in FY23 has been reduced to 6.36% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) against 6.4% in
the revised estimates(RE) due to lower-than- estimated revenue expenditure.
Fiscal deficit for FY23 is at Rs.17.33 trillion, or 98.7% of the RE of Rs.17.55 trillion due to the
reduction in higher tax, non-tax revenue collections and non-debt capital receipts.
The net tax revenue in FY23 reached marginally higher (by 0.5%) at Rs.20.97 trillion than the
RE of Rs.20.86 trillion.
The non-tax revenues for FY23 are at Rs.2.86 trillion, or nearly 9.3% higher than the RE.
21. The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) has released a report titled “Bridging the
Gender Digital Divide: Challenges and an Urgent Call for Action for Equitable Digital
Skills Development”.
• The report states that 9 out of 10 adolescent girls and young women aged 15-24 are
offline in low-income countries as compared to 78% of adolescent boys and young men of
the same age who do not use the internet.
• Among 54 countries and territories analysed, only eight have achieved gender parity in
internet use among youth.
• For every 100 male youth who have digital skills, only 65 female youth do, across 32
countries and territories analysed.
• The maiden values for the share of female and male youth who have digital skills are 9%
and 20% respectively, a difference of 11 percentage points.
22. The World Economic Forum (WEF) has released the fourth edition of the ‘Future of Jobs
Report 2023’ which explores how jobs and skills will evolve over next five years (2023-2027).
It tracks labour-market impact of Fourth Industrial Revolution, green energy transitions,

supply-chain shifts etc.

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• The report shows that new 69 million jobs will be created by 2027 and 83 million will get
eliminated.
• The key drivers of business transformation include technology adoption, followed by
rising cost of living, slow economic growth, and green transition.
• 44% of workers’ skills will be disrupted in next five years.
• 61% of Indian companies think broader applications of ESG standards will drive job
growth, followed by increased adoption of new technologies and broadening digital
access.
• 23% of jobs in next five years are expected to change.
• Strongest net job-creation effect is driven by green transition, broader application of ESG
standards, and localization of supply chains.
23. The 21st edition of the World Press Freedom Index (WPFI) 2023 has been released by
France-based Reporters without Borders, an organisation that evaluates the environment for
journalism across countries.
• Norway has been ranked 1st for the seventh consecutive year, followed by Ireland (2nd)
and Denmark (3rd).
• India’s ranking has been slipped 11 positions from 2022, when it ranked 150, to 161st
rank out of 180 countries in terms of press freedom.
• The last 3 place are occupied solely by Asian countries: Vietnam (178th), China (179th), and
North Korea (180th).
• According to the report, of the 180 countries and territories analysed the situation is “very
serious” in 31 countries, “difficult” in 42, “problematic” in 55, and “good” or “satisfactory” in
52 countries.
24. The Boston Consulting Group (BCG) and QED Investors have published a report titled
“Global Fintech 2023: Reimagining the Future of Finance”. As per the report, the Asia-
Pacific (APAC) region, spearheaded by India, China and Indonesia, will surpass the USA and
become the world’s top fintech market by 2030, at a projected compound annual growth rate
(CAGR) of 27 percent.

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• The fintech sector, which currently holds around 2% share of global financial services
revenue, is projected to reach USD 1.5 trillion in annual revenue by 2030, with banking-
related fintech representing 25% all banking valuations.
• By 2030, global banking and insurance revenue pools are expected to reach USD 21.9
trillion, a 6% CAGR.
25. The 2nd edition of “National Manufacturing Innovation Survey (NMIS) 2021-22: Summary
for Policymakers”, a joint study by the Department of Science & Technology (DST) and the
United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), to evaluate the innovation
performance of manufacturing firms in the India has been released by Dr. Srivari
Chandrasekhar, Secretary, DST, Ministry of Science & Technology (MoST).
• The Indian manufacturing sector has an overall IMII score of 28.17.
• The survey states that Karnataka is the most “innovative” state with index score of 33.41,
followed by Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Daman and Diu (DNH&DD), Telangana, and Tamil
Nadu.
• Apart from North-eastern states except Assam (19.69), low-performing states include
Bihar (21.32), Jharkhand (22.78), and Odisha (23.05).
• Telangana, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu have the highest share of innovative firms at
46.18% ,39.10% and 31.90%, respectively, with Odisha, Bihar, and Jharkhand reporting the
lowest share of such firms at 12.78%, 13.47% and 13.71%, respectively.
• Uttarakhand (31.72) has the highest score among the hill states, while DNH&DD has the
highest score among the UTs.
26. An annual report named Global Report on Food Crises 2023 has been published by the
Global Network against Food Crises (GNAFC). The report is the flagship publication of the
GNAFC and is facilitated by the Food Security Information Network (FSIN).
Key Highlights of the Report:

• The number of people experiencing acute food insecurity increased for the fourth
consecutive year in 2022.
• Around 258 million people in 58 countries and territories faced acute food insecurity in
2022.
• The key drivers are: Economic shocks (including due to COVID-19 and Ukraine War),
Conflict/insecurity, Weather/Climate extremes etc.

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27. According to the latest data from the research firm Centre for Monitoring India Economy
(CMIE), India’s unemployment rate has increased to 8.11% in April 2023, compared to 7.8%
in March 2023.
The rural unemployment rate has declined to 7.34% in April 2023 from 7.47% in March 2023
and the urban unemployment rate has increased to 9.81% in April from 8.51% in March 2023.
The labour participation rate has increased slightly from 39.77% in March to 41.98% in April
2023.
28. A new report titled ‘The Race to Net Zero: Accelerating Climate Action in Asia and the
Pacific’ has been released by the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
(ESCAP).
The report provides an outline of regional context of climate change and identifies actions
that could be taken to support global climate agenda.
Key highlights
• As per the report, over the past sixty years, warming in Asia and Pacific has exceeded the
global mean.
• Across the region, average annual economic losses caused by natural and biological
hazards are estimated at USD 780 billion.
• Asia- Pacific regions' greenhouse gas emissions have more than doubled between 1990
and 2020.
Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP):
• It was established as Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East (ECAFE) in 1947 in
Shanghai.
• It changed its name to ESCAP in 1976.
• It is one of the five regional commissions of the United Nations.
• It is based in Bangkok, Thailand.
• Members: 53 member states and 9 associate members
• India is also the member of ESCAP.
29. Fitch Ratings has lowered India’s 2023-24 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth forecast to
6% from 6.2%, citing headwinds from elevated inflation and interest rates along with
subdued global demand.
The projection for FY25 has also decreased to 6.7% as opposed to 6.9% projected earlier.
India’s FY24 growth will be slower than the 7% expected in FY23, as weak domestic and global
demand is induced.

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30. The Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways (MoPSW) has been ranked second among
66 ministries in the highly influential Data Governance Quality Index (DGQI) assessment for
2022-2023 (Q3). The Ministry has achieved a score of 4.7 out of 5.
Data Governance Quality Index (DGQI):

DGQI is administered by the Development Monitoring and Evaluation Office (DMEO), NITI
Aayog. It aims to measure the maturity level of administrative data systems and their use in
the decision-making of various Ministries and Departments on the implementation of Central
Sector Schemes (CS) and Centrally Sponsored Schemes (CSS).
The DGQI assessment covers six key themes:
• Data Generation
• Data Quality
• Data Analysis, Utilization and Distribution
• Technology Utilization
• Data Security and HR Capacity
• Case Studies
31. As per the recently released report by the aviation analytical firm Cirium, GMR Hyderabad
International Airport has become the most punctual airport in the world.
• The report has recorded 90.43 percent On-Time Performance, for the month of March
2023.
• It is the only airport in the world to cross the 90 percent mark.
• Hyderabad airport has topped the charts both in the ‘Global Airports’ and ‘Large Airports’
categories.
32. The World Health Organization (WHO) has launched its first-ever comprehensive
framework on reducing anaemia, calling on countries to accelerate action to reduce anaemia
prevalence in women of reproductive age by 2025.
Anaemia:
It is a serious global public health problem, affecting 571 million women and 269 million
young children worldwide.
In 2019, anaemia affected 40% of children between 6 months and 5 years of age, 37% of
pregnant women, and 30% of women 15 – 49 years of age.
It is most prevalent in low- and middle-income countries.

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33. The Ministry of Defence (MoD) in India has announced that the value of India's defence
production has exceeded Rs.1 lakh crore (USD 12 billion) in the financial year 2022-23,
marking a significant milestone.
This marks a growth of over 12 percent compared to FY 2021-22 when the value of defence
production was Rs.95,000 crore.
The current value stands at Rs.1,06,800 crore and is expected to rise further as data is
received from additional private defence industries.
Note: MoD has set a target of achieving a turnover of USD 25 billion (Rs 1.75 lakh crore) in
defence manufacturing by 2024-25, including an export target of USD 5 billion (Rs 35,000
crore) worth of military hardware.
34. The United Nations (UN) has released a report titled as “World Economic Situation and
Prospects”. As per the report, India is expected to grow by 5.8 percent in 2023 and 6.7
percent in 2024. The growth will be supported by resilient domestic demand.
The report stated that inflation in India is expected to decelerate to 5.5 percent in 2023 with
the moderation of global commodity prices and slower currency depreciation.
World economy: It is projected to grow by 2.3 percent in 2023 and 2.5 percent in 2024.
35. India’s Ultra-High-Net Worth Individuals (UHNWI) are estimated to increase 58.4% in the
next 5 years from 12,069 in 2022 to 19,119 individuals in 2027. This is according to the report
titled “The Wealth Report 2023” published by Knight Frank.
• In 2022, India’s billionaire population grew to 161 individuals from 145 the previous year,
and it is projected to reach 195 individuals by 2027.
• The population of high-net-worth individuals (HNIs) in India, with assets valued at USD 1
million or more, increased to 797,714 last year from 763,674 in 2021.
• It is anticipated that the number of HNIs will reach 1,657,272 by 2027.
36. The Boston Consulting Group (BCG) has released a report namely ‘Most Innovative
Companies 2023: Reaching New Heights in Uncertain Times’ showcasing top 50
companies in 2023.
• In this list, Tata Group is the only Indian firm to be featured at 20th position.
• Apple is the world's most innovative company of 2023.

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• Apple is followed by Tesla, Amazon, Alphabet, Microsoft, Moderna, Samsung, Huawei, BYD
Company and Siemens.
• Notably, tech companies continue to dominate the top 50, including the top 10,
international energy companies hold five spots in 2023 list amid concerns over climate
change.
37. World Bank has published its annual report ‘State and Trends of Carbon Pricing 2023’. The
report states that revenues collected from carbon taxes and Emissions Trading Systems (ETS)
globally have reached a record high, about USD 95 billion in 2022 despite the challenging
context for governments facing high inflation, fiscal pressures, and energy crises.
As per the report, there are currently 73 global carbon pricing instruments in operation,
compared with 68 in May 2022.
The 73 Carbon Pricing initiatives covered 11.66 GtCO2e (gigatonnes of carbon dioxide
equivalent), representing 23% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.
38. World Bank has released a report titled “Thriving: Making Cities Green, Resilient, and
Inclusive in a Changing Climate” that provides guidance to local and national policymakers
on how to create greener, more resilient, and inclusive cities.
39. The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), World Health Organization (WHO), World
Bank Group have released a report titled- “Levels and trends in child malnutrition: Joint
Child Malnutrition Estimates (JME)”, stating that in 2020, 18.7 % of Indian children were
affected by Wasting caused by poor nutrient intake.
Key findings:
• According to estimates, around 45 million children under 5 (6.8%) suffered from wasting
of which 13.6 million (2.1%) suffer from severe wasting.
• Asia is considered to be home to three-fourths of all children with severe wasting while
22% of children with severe wasting are believed to live in Africa.
• The report also highlighted that India had a stunting rate of 31.7% in 2022, down from
41.6% in 2012.
• 148.1 million children, which is equal to 22.3% of children under five worldwide, were
affected by stunting in 2022. Of this, 52% lived in Asia and 43% lived in Africa.

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• The Estimates noted that there are now 37 million children under 5 who are overweight
across the globe, a rise of around 4 million since 2000.
• India’s overweight percentage in India rose from 2.2% in 2012 to 2.8% in 2022.
• The report reveals insufficient progress to reach the 2025 World Health Assembly (WHA)
global nutrition targets and 2030 Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2.2 (end all
forms of malnutrition) targets.
40. The Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) into India has declined by 22 percent to USD 46
billion in FY 23 as compared to USD 58.77 billion during FY22, according to the Department
for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) data.
Top investor in FY23:

• Singapore has emerged as the top investor with USD 17.2 billion FDI.
• It is followed by Mauritius (USD 6.13 billion), the US (USD 6 billion), the UAE (USD 3.35
billion), the Netherlands (USD 2.5 billion), Japan (USD 1.8 billion), UK (USD 1.73 billion),
Cyprus (USD 1.27 billion), Cayman island (USD 772 million), and Germany (USD 547
million).
• The FDI inflows have contracted in FY23 from Mauritius, the US, the Netherlands, the
Cayman Islands, and Germany.
Top Investing state in FY23:

• Maharashtra has received the highest inflows of USD 14.8 billion in FY23.
• It is followed by Karnataka at 2nd with USD 10.42 billion, and Delhi at 3rd with USD 7.53
billion.
The computer software and hardware sector has attracted the highest inflows of USD 9.4
billion during FY23.
The FDI inflows have recorded growth in sectors including services (USD 8.7 billion), trading
(USD 4.8 billion), telecommunications (USD 713 million), pharma (USD 8.7 billion), 2 billion),
and chemicals (USD 1.85 billion).
41. As per the new study published in Scientific Data, India has been ranked 5th among the top
10 contributors to global warming, while the USA is the largest contributor with its emissions
causing 0.28°C (17.3%) of rise in temperature.
China has been placed second, and Russia has secured third place in the list.
Brazil has secured fourth place with 0.08°C of warming.

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India's position:
• India is responsible for 0.08°C of warming from the 1850s through 2021.
• India’s emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) from
1851-2021 have resulted in 0.04°C, 0.03°C and 0.006°C of global warming over pre-
industrial levels, respectively.
42. As per the latest data by the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE), India's
unemployment rate has increased to 7.8 percent in March 2023 from 7.45% in February
2023. The unemployment rate was at 7.14% in January 2023.
• In March 2023, the unemployment rate in urban areas has reached 8.4%, while in rural
areas it stood at 7.5%.
• The highest unemployment has been recorded in Haryana at 26.8 percent. It is followed
by Rajasthan at 26.4 percent, Jammu and Kashmir at 23.1 percent, Sikkim 20.7 percent,
Bihar 17.6 percent and Jharkhand 17.5 percent.
• Uttarakhand & Chhattisgarh have the lowest unemployment rate among the states and
Union Territories (UT) with 0.8%, followed by Puducherry (1.5%) and Gujarat (1.8%).
43. As per the 3rd edition of India Justice Report (IJR 3) 2022, Karnataka has topped the
overall ranking among the large and mid-sized states (states with a population over 1 crore).
• Karnataka is followed by Tamil Nadu in 2nd position and Telangana in 3rd position.
• In this category, Uttar Pradesh is at rank 18th which is the lowest.
Smaller states:
• Sikkim has topped among smaller states (states with a population up to 1 crore). It is
followed by Arunachal Pradesh (2nd), and Tripura (3rd).
• Goa is at rank 7th which is the lowest.
Only Arunachal Pradesh reports having CCTV (Closed-Circuit Television) cameras in all 14
spots (as directed by the Supreme Court) in all its 24 police stations.
Only Kerala could achieve case clearance rates of 100 percent and more at both High Court
and subordinate court levels.
India Justice Report (IJR):

The report is initiated by Tata Trusts in 2019.
It is a first-of-its-kind national periodic report that ranks the capacity of states to deliver
justice.
It assesses the capacity of 4 core pillars of the justice system:
• Police,
• Prisons,

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• Judiciary and
• Legal aid across all 36 states and UTs.
44. The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) has released the World Energy
Transitions Outlook 2023 report.

• The global energy transition is still “off-track” and falls short of the 1.5 degrees Celsius
pathway.
• To keep 1.5°C alive, deployment levels must grow from some 3,000 gigawatts (GW) at
present to over 10,000 GW in 2030, an average of 1,000 GW annually”.
• Public sector intervention is required to channel investments towards countries more
equitably.
• Global investment in energy transition technologies reached a new record of $1.3 trillion
in 2022, yearly investments must more than quadruple to over $5 trillion to stay on the
1.5 degrees Celsius pathway.
• By 2030, cumulative investments must amount to USD 44 trillion, with transition
technologies representing 80 per cent of the total, or $35 trillion, “prioritising efficiency,
electrification, grid expansion and flexibility”.
• Current pledges and plans fall well short of IRENA’s 1.5°C pathway and will result in an
emissions gap of 16 gigatonnes (Gt) in 2050.
45. According to a report launched by NASSCOM in collaboration with ProHance, ‘India’s Tech
SMEs: Rising in the Global Digital Arena’, the Digital technology SMEs (small and medium
sized enterprises) revenue share in FY30 is expected to reach USD30-USD40 billion.
The tech SMEs which comprise 7-9% of the overall technology industry is also expected to
contribute an estimated USD 15-20 billion in FY23 revenues.
Tech SME share in Indian technology industry in FY23 is Rs.19.6 lakh crore (USD 245 billion).
46. The World Trade Organization (WTO) has released its “Global Trade Outlook & Statistics”
report, which projects that global merchandise trade volume is projected to grow 1.7
percent in 2023, up from earlier forecast of 1% in October 2022.

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The pace of trade expansion in 2023 is hampered by the ongoing war in Ukraine, consistently
rising inflation, tighter monetary policy, and financial uncertainty.
The volume of world merchandise trade had a 2.7 percent growth in 2022.
Value of world commercial services trade increased 15% in 2022 to US$ 6.8 trillion.
47. The Airports Council International (ACI) World has published the “Top 10 Busiest Airports
Worldwide for 2022”.
Delhi Airport has been ranked ninth among the world's busiest airports for 2022 with a
footfall of 5,94,90,074, surpassing Paris' Charles De Gaulle Airport.
Top 3 Busiest Passenger footfall Percentage change
Airports in 2022 vs 2021
Atlanta (USA) 9,36,99,630 23.8%
Dallas (USA) 7,33,62,946 17.5%
Denver (USA) 6,92,86,461 17.8%
48. Union Minister of Power R. K. Singh has released the report of State Energy Efficiency
Index (SEEI) 2021-22 during the RPM (Review, Planning and Monitoring) meeting of States
and State Utilities in New Delhi.
SEEI 2021-22 has an updated framework of 50 indicators aligned with national priorities to
track outcomes and impacts of state-level energy efficiency initiatives.
• In SEEI 2021-22, 5 states - Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Rajasthan and
Telangana - are in the Front Runner category (>60 points)
• 4 states - Assam, Haryana, Maharashtra, and Punjab - are in the Achiever category
(50-60 points).
• Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Assam and Chandigarh are the top-performing states in their
respective state groups.
• Telangana and Andhra Pradesh showed the most improvement since the last index.
State Energy Efficiency Index (SEEI):

It is developed by the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) in association with Alliance for an
Energy-Efficient Economy (AEEE). The objective of the Index is driving decarbonisation
efforts in states/UTs and outlining recommendations to help states/UTs drive change in
energy efficiency, which will contribute towards the fulfilment of SDGs and NDC.
There are four categories in the index i.e. Front Runner, Achiever, Contender and
Aspirant.
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49. According to a survey published by London based ‘Time Out’, a media outlet, Germany’s
Berlin has been ranked as the city with the best public transport system globally, followed by
Czech Republic’s capital Prague (2nd), and Japan’s capital Tokyo (3rd).
The list has included 19 countries from the world.

Mumbai, India’s financial capital, has secured the 19th spot in the list of ‘Best public transport
in the world 2023’.
Copenhagen (Denmark) has secured the 4th spot and Stockholm (Sweden) has secured the 5th
spot.
50. World of Statistics has released the world’s “most criminal countries” ranking. Venezuala has
topped the list of criminal countries, while India has been ranked 77th.
The top 10 most criminal countries list include Venezuala (1), Papua New Guinea (2),
Afghanistan (3), South Africa (4), Honduras (5), Trinidad (6), Guyana (7), Syria (8), Somalia (9),
and Jamaica (10), respectively.
51. The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) has released a new report titled “Triple
Threat” that examines triple burden of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) related
threats faced by children.
Triple threat/burden is defined as:

• Less than 50 percent access to at least basic water or sanitation services.
• Within top 20 countries with highest burden of deaths attributable to unsafe WASH
among children under 5.
• Within top 25 percent of countries facing highest risk of climate and environmental
hazards in UNICEF’s Children’s Climate Risk Index (CCRI).
Key findings:
• Globally, 600 million children still lack safely managed drinking water, 1.1 billion lack
safely managed sanitation and 689 million lack basic hygiene service.
• Unsafe WASH led to 4 lakh children deaths under age of 5 each year.
• Triple burden is heavily concentrated in 10 countries in sub-Saharan Africa.
52. The 6th edition of the Artificial Intelligence (AI) Index report 2023 has been released by
Stanford University’s Human-Centred Artificial Intelligence (HAI).
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• India has been ranked 5th in terms of investments received in 2022 by startups offering
artificial intelligence (AI)-based products and services with a total investment of USD 3.24
billion.
• In 2022, the United States (US) led the world in terms of total AI private investment with
USD 47.4 billion investment, followed by China (USD 13.4 billion), United Kingdom (USD
4.4 billion), and Israel (USD 3.24 billion).
• India is ahead of South Korea, Germany, Canada and Australia, among others.
AI Index Report:
The AI Index Report tracks, collates, distils, and visualizes data related to AI. It is an
independent initiative at the Stanford Institute for HAI, led by the AI Index Steering
Committee, an interdisciplinary group of experts from across academia and industry.
53. The United Nations Trade and Development Conference (UNCTAD) has released its latest
Trade and Development Report. As per the report, India’s economic growth has been
projected to decelerate to 6% in 2023 from 6.6% in 2022.
It is also projected that global growth in 2023 will decline to 2.1% from its earlier projection of
2.2%.
South Asia will grow at a pace of 5.3% in 2023 from 5.7% in 2022.
54. The United States (US) has emerged as India's biggest trading partner in the financial
year 2022-23 (FY23) at USD 128.55 billion. It is followed by China in the second position at
USD 113.83 billion.
• In 2022-23, the UAE with USD 76.16 billion, has become the third largest trading partner
of India. It is followed by Saudi Arabia (USD 52.72 billion), and Singapore (USD 35.55
billion).
• In FY23, India had a trade surplus of USD 28 billion with the USA.
• The bilateral trade between India and the US has increased by 7.65% in FY23 due to
increasing economic cooperation.
55. The Hurun Research Institute has released the Global Unicorn Index 2023. As per the index,
India has been ranked 3rd with 68 unicorns.
• USA has topped the index with 666 unicorns, followed by China with 316 unicorns.

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• Ed-tech decacorn BYJU'S (USD 22 billion) has topped the list of Indian Unicorns, followed
by food-tech company Swiggy (USD 8 billion), and fantasy gaming platform Dream11 (USD
8 billion).
• BYJU'S is the only Indian Unicorn among the list of the top 10 biggest rises in valuation
since pre-Covid.
• India has also ranked third in the number of gazelles.
Gazelles are start-ups that are worth over $500 million, are not yet listed, and are most likely
to become unicorns within three years.
56. Henley & Partners, an investment migration firm, has released its annual “World's
Wealthiest Cities Report 2023”. The report covers 97 cities across nine regions worldwide
(Africa, Australasia, CIS, East Asia, Europe, the Middle East, North America, South Asia, and
Southeast Asia).
• New York, USA has emerged as the wealthiest city in the world with 340,000 resident
millionaires.
• New York is followed by Tokyo (Japan) and San Francisco Bay Area (USA) with resident
millionaire populations of 290,300 and 285,000, respectively.
The report has four Indian cities in the list: Mumbai (21st rank), Delhi (36th rank),
Bengaluru, and Hyderabad.
57. The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) has released its State of World Population
(SOWP) 2023 report titled “8 Billion Lives, Infinite Possibilities: the case for Rights and
Choices”.
As per the report:

• India has overtaken China to become the most populous nation in the world, the
population of India has grown by 1.56% in the past year and is estimated to be
1,428,600,000 million (142.86 crore).
• China is behind India with a population of 1,425.7 million or 142.57 crore. In 2022, it was
estimated at 1,448.5 million or 144.85 crore.
• The United States is at third place with an estimated population of 340 million.
The report states that India’s total fertility rate (births per woman in the reproductive age)
is estimated at 2.0.

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The average life expectancy for an Indian male stands at 71 and for females at 74.
According to the report, 68 percent of India’s total population is between the ages of 15 and
64 years, which is considered the working population of a country.
About 25 percent is between 0-14 years; 18 per cent between 10 and 19 years, 26 percent
between 10 and 24 years, and 7 per cent above 65 years.
The report also states that 44 percent of partnered women and girls in 68 reporting
countries do not have the right to make informed decisions about their bodies when it comes
to having sex, using contraception and seeking health care.
58. World Bank has recently released its report titled “Connecting to Compete 2023: Trade
Logistics in an Uncertain Global Economy- the Logistics Performance Index (LPI) and its
indicators”.
This is the 7th edition of the Logistics Performance Index (LPI) 2023 report. The report
measures the countries ability to move goods across borders with speed & reliability.
• Singapore has topped the ranking with a score of 4.3, followed by Finland at second, and
Denmark, Germany & Netherlands at third.
• India has been ranked 38th (from 44 in 2018) in the index with a score of 3.4.
• India has shared the rank with Lithuania, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, & Turkiye.
59. The Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) has recently released the Fact
Sheet April 2023 ‘Trends in World Military Expenditure, 2022’.
As per the report, World military expenditure rose by 3.7 percent in real terms in 2022, to
reach a record high of USD 2240 billion.
Highest Military Expenditure in 2022

Country Rank in Rank in Spending in
2021 2022 2022
USA 1 1 USD 877
billion
China 2 2 USD 292
billion
Russia 5 3 USD 86.4
billion
India 3 4 USD 81.4
billion
Saudi Arabia 8 5 USD 75.0
billion

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United Kingdom (UK) is the sixth largest spender in the world in 2022 with a military
expenditure of USD 68.5 billion. It was ranked 4th in 2021.
60. According to the Morgan Stanley, India’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) has been projected
to grow at 6.2 percent in the financial year (FY) 2023-24 due to the contribution of a cyclical
recovery in consumption, increased private sector capex, and acceleration on government
spending.
The inflation in India is projected to average around 5.5% in FY24 and is likely to be below 5%
in Q2 of calendar year 2024.
61. World Bank has released its annual World Development Report 2023 titled “Migrants,
Refugees and Societies”. The report proposes an integrated framework to maximize
development impacts of cross-border movements on both destination and origin countries
and on migrants and refugees themselves.
It categorised migrants into four types: Refugees with skills in demand, economic migrants
with skills that match with demand, distressed migrants, and refugees.
Key highlights:
• Around 184 million people across the world, including 37 million refugees lack citizenship
in country in which they live.
• There is 120% income gain for Indians working abroad as compared to 40% income gain
through internal migration.
• Low skilled Indian migrants, who migrated to U.S, tend to see a significant gain in their
income of around 500%.
• India-US, India-Bangladesh and India- Gulf Cooperating Council considered among the top
migrant corridors.
62. National Institution for Transforming India (NITI) Aayog has released a report titled
“Promoting Millets in Diets: Best Practices across States/UTs of India”.
The report presents a set of good and innovative practices adopted by states governments
and organizations in various aspects of millet value- chain.
Millets, also known as Nutri-cereals, are a wide range of small-seed cereals grown and
consumed as a staple diet especially in arid and semi-arid regions.

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Key highlights:
• India produces all the nine commonly known traditional millets viz. Sorghum, Pearl Millet,
Finger Millet, Foxtail Millet, Proso Millet, Little Millet, Barnyard Millet, Browntop Millet and
Kodo Millet.
• The area under cultivation of various millets in India has been declining.
• Millets are also the most secure crops for small farmers as they are resilient and climate
adaptable in both hot and drought environments.
Initiatives related to millets by India:

• Millets made part of National Food Security Mission (NFSM).
• Declared 2018 as ‘National Year of Millets’.
• UNGA declared 2023 to be observed as ‘International Year of Millets’ etc.
63. The 2023 Special 301 Report on Intellectual Property Protection and Enforcement released
by the Office of United States Trade Representative (USTR) has placed India on its 'Priority
Watch List' of 2023.
Along with India, Argentina, China, Chile, Indonesia, Russia, and Venezuela are placed on the
'Priority Watch List' of 2023.
The countries on the priority watch list will be the subject of particularly intense bilateral
engagement during the coming year.
64. As per the Brand Finance Telecoms 150 2023, an annual report of the strongest telecoms
brand, Reliance Jio Infocomm Limited, an Indian Telecommunications company &
subsidiary of Jio Platforms, is Asia’s strongest and World’s 2nd strongest telecoms brand
having a Brand Strength Index (BSI) score of 90 out of 100 and earning an elite AAA+ rating.
Swisscom, a major telecommunications provider in Switzerland, is the world’s strongest

telecoms brand with a BSI score of 92/100.
Verizon Communications Inc, an American multinational telecommunications
conglomerate, remains the world’s Most Valuable Telecoms brand for the 4th consecutive
year despite a 3% y-o-y reduction taking its brand value to USD 67.4 billion.
Indian telecom companies featured on the 2023 ranking (most valuable telecom brands) are:
Bharti Airtel (21), Jio (27), Vodafone Idea (89), Tata Communications (131), and BSNL (148).
65. A new report titled as ‘Indian States’ Energy Transition’ has been published by the Institute
for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis (IEEFA) along with EMBER. The report has
analysed 16 states, which together account for 90% of India’s annual power requirement.

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The analysis has tracked four dimensions:
Decarbonisation, Performance of Power System, Readiness of Power System, and Policies &
Political Commitments
• Karnataka is the only state among the 16 analysed that scored well across all 4
dimensions of clean electricity transition.
• Karnataka is followed by Gujarat, Haryana & Punjab.
• Bihar, UP and West Bengal need to expand their potential and transition commitments.
Electricity Transition refers to the shift from fossil-based power production and consumption
to renewable energy sources (RES) like wind and solar.
66. As per the recent data from the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE), India’s
unemployment rate has increased to 7.45% in February 2023 from 7.14% in January 2023.
• The urban unemployment rate has declined to 7.93 percent in February from 8.55 percent
in January 2023, while the rural unemployment rate has increased to 7.23 percent from
6.48 per cent.
• Haryana has the highest unemployment rate among the states with 29.4%, followed by
Rajasthan (28.3%) and Sikkim (21.0%).
• Chhattisgarh has the lowest unemployment rate among the states with 0.8%, followed by
Madhya Pradesh (2.0%) and Odisha (2.1%).
67. The National Statistical Office (NSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme
Implementation (MoSPI), has released India's gross domestic product (GDP) data for the
October-December 2022 quarter (Q3FY23).
• As per the data, India’s GDP has slowed down to 4.4% in the third quarter of 2022-23 i.e.
October and December 2022 (Q3FY23) due to contraction in the manufacturing sector. It
was 6.3% in Q2FY23.
• The growth in nominal GDP at current price during FY23 is estimated at 15.9 percent as
compared to 18.4 percent in FY22.
NSO, in sds second advance estimate of national accounts, has pegged India's growth at 7%
for 2022-23, same as that pegged by the first advanced estimates that was released in
January 2023. It has also revised the GDP growth for 2021-22 to 9.1% against the earlier
estimate of 8.7%.
68. Global credit rating agency Moody’s Investors Service (MIS) has increased India's GDP
growth estimate from 4.8% to 5.5% for 2023. This upward revision is made in light of a strong
increase in capital expenditure in the Budget 2023-24.
India’s economic growth is estimated to be 6.5% for 2024.

The rating agency has reduced India's GDP growth estimate from 7% to 6.8% for 2022.

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69. The second ILO-UNICEF (International Labour Organization – United Nations International
Children’s Emergency Fund) has released a report on Social Protection for Children.
The report states that 31 Indian states have implemented the national 'PM CARES for
Children' scheme launched during the pandemic with 10,793 full orphans (children who have
lost both parents) and 151,322 half-orphans (children who have lost one parent) due to the
pandemic taking the benefit of the scheme.
The report warns that an additional 50 million children aged 0-15 missed out on a critical
social protection provision – specifically, child benefits (paid in cash or tax credits) – between
2016 and 2020, driving up the total to 1.46 billion children under 15 globally.
PM CARES for Children scheme:

The PM CARES for Children Scheme was launched by The Hon'ble Prime Minister of India
Narendra Modi on 29th May 2021 for the Children. It aims to support children who have lost
both the Parents or legal Guardian or Adoptive Parents or Surviving Parent to COVID-19
pandemic during the period starting from 11th March 2020.
• The scheme provides financial support of Rs.10 lakh on attaining 23 years of age for
education, scholarships and equipping them for self-sufficient existence.
• The scheme offers loans for professional courses in higher education.
• The nodal ministry of PM CARES is the Ministry of Women and Child Welfare.
• The scheme offers free facility of health treatment up to Rs.5 lakhs to the children till 18
years and premium will be paid by PM CARES.
70. As per the V-Dem (Varieties of Democracy) Institute's report titled, “Democracy Report
2023: Defiance in the Face of Autocratization,” India has been ranked 97th in the Liberal
Democracy Index (LDI) 2023 from 93 in 2022 and 108th in the Electoral Democracy Index (EDI)
2023 from 100 in 2022.
India has also been named in the top 10 autocratising countries in the last 10 years in the
report.
The Liberal Democracy Index (LDI) captures both liberal and electoral aspects of democracy
based on 71 indicators such as free & fair elections, political, and civil rights and more.
In the LDI, the USA is ranked 23, while Canada and the UK are positioned 24 and 20,
respectively.
Pakistan has slipped two steps lower at 106th in the LDI and 110th in the EDI.
Top 3 countries in LDI: Denmark (1st), Sweden (2nd) & Norway (3rd).
Top 3 countries in EDI: Denmark (1st), Switzerland (2nd) & Sweden (3rd)

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71. India has the fifth-highest number of female billionaires in the world, according to a new
International Women’s Day study from City Index 2023, which was based on the analysis of
Forbes’ live billionaire tracker (March 2023).
• India is tied for 5th position with Australia and Hong Kong, with each country having 9
female billionaires.
• Savitri Jindal, an Indian politician and businesswoman, is the richest woman in India with
a family fortune of USD 16.96 billion.
According to City Index 2023, the United States has the highest number of female
billionaires in the world with 92 in total, double that of China in second place with 46.
Germany ranks 3rd with 32 female billionaires, and Italy ranks 4th with 16 female billionaires.
Top Female Billionaires:

Vice Chairman of L’Oréal, French-born Françoise Bettencourt Meyers has topped the list of
richest women in the world with a wealth of $81.49 billion.
New York-based socialite Julia Koch ($59.65bn) and Walmart inheritor Alice Walton ($60.16bn)
are tied in third and second places, respectively.
72. According to the latest estimates from the National Statistical Office (NSO), India’s per
capita income has increased to Rs.1.72 lakh in 2022-23 from Rs.86, 647 in 2014-15. The per
capita income has increased with a growth rate of 15.8%.
As per the NSO, the per-capita income in both real and nominal terms have declined during
the COVID period.
• India’s per capita net national income (NNI) (in real terms), increased by about 35 percent
from Rs.72,805 in 2014-15 to Rs.98,118 in 2022-23.
• For the years 2020-21 and 2021-22, Per-capita income at the current prices was estimated
at Rs.1,27,065 and Rs.1,48, 524 respectively.
Per capita income:

It refers to the average income of each person in a country, and it is calculated by dividing the
total income of the entire population.
73. NITI Aayog has released the Task Force report titled “Production and Promotion of
Organic and Bio fertilisers with Special Focus on Improving Economic Viability of
Gaushalas”.
• The task force was headed by Ramesh Chand, Member (Agriculture), NITI Aayog.

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• The task force was constituted by NITI Aayog to suggest measures to make gaushalas
economically viable, address problem of stray and abandoned cattle and effective
utilization of cow dung and cow urine in agriculture and energy sectors.
Highlights of the report:

• The report provides factual estimates of operating costs, fixed costs and other issues in
respect of gaushalas and cost and investments involved in setting up Bio-CNG plant and
PROM (Phosphate Rich Organic Manure) plant in Gaushalas.
• It provides suggestions and recommendations for improving financial and economic
viability of Gaushalas, channelizing potential of stray, abandoned and uneconomic cattle
wealth for promoting natural and organic farming.
• Through this report, NITI Aayog has proposed to make it mandatory for the fertilizers
company to sell 10% to 20% of bio fertilizers or organic manure with Urea to increase
their offtake and boost the economy of gaushala.
74. The Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) has released a report titled
“Trends in International Arms Transfers, 2022”. The report states that India has remained
the world’s top arms importer between 2018 and 2022 despite an 11% decline in those
imports from 2013 to 2017.
• India is followed by Saudi Arabia (9.6%), Qatar (6.4%), Australia (4.7%) and China (4.7%).
• Russia was India’s largest arms supplier in both 2013-17 and 2018-22, however its share
of overall Indian arms imports declined from 64% to 45%, with France emerging as the
second largest supplier between 2018-22.
• Ukraine was the third biggest importer of major arms in 2022, and the 14th biggest during
2018-22.
• USA has remained the world’s top arms exporter between 2018 and 2022, accounting
for 40% of global exports, followed by Russia (16%), France (11%), China (5.2%) and
Germany (4.2%).
75. The National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC) under the Indian Space Research
Organisation (ISRO) has released the “Landslide Atlas of India”, a detailed guide identifying
Landslide Hotspots in India.

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For the first time, scientists did a risk assessment on the basis of 80,000 landslides recorded
between 1998 and 2022 in 147 districts in 17 states and two Union Territories to build a
"Landslide Atlas" of the country.
• Uttarakhand, Kerala, Jammu and Kashmir, Mizoram, Tripura, Nagaland and Arunachal
Pradesh reported the highest number of landslides during 1998-2022.
• Mizoram topped the list, recording 12,385 landslide events in the past 25 years, of which
8,926 were recorded in 2017 alone. It is followed by Uttarakhand (11,219) and Kerala.
• The number of districts with the maximum landslide exposure are in Arunachal Pradesh
(16), Kerala (14), Uttarakhand and Jammu and Kashmir (13 each), Himachal Pradesh,
Assam and Maharashtra (11 each), Mizoram (8) and Nagaland (7).
• Rudraprayag district of Uttarakhand has the highest landslide density and landslide risk
exposure in the country. It is followed by Tehri Garhwal (Uttarakhand), and Thrissur
(Kerala).
Landslides:
Landslides are natural disasters occurring mainly in mountainous terrains where there are
conducive conditions of soil, rock, geology and slope. A sudden movement of rock, boulders,
earth or debris down a slope is termed a landslide.
76. Swiss firm IQAir has released the 5th edition of the World Air Quality Report 2022. As per
the report, Lahore (Pakistan) has become the city with the worst air in the world in 2022,
(up from 15th in 2021). Lahore's PM2.5 level used to be 86.5 in 2021; it went to 97.4
micrograms per cubic meter in 2022.
Lahore is followed by Hotan (China), Bhiwadi (India), Delhi (India), and Peshawar (Pakistan).
Chad in central Africa replaced Bangladesh as the country with the most polluted air in 2022
with PM 2.5 levels of 89.7 micrograms per cubic meter.
India’s position:
• India has been ranked the world's eighth most polluted country in 2022 with PM 2.5
levels of 53.3 micrograms per cubic meter.
• Bhiwadi in Rajasthan is the most polluted city in India with alarming PM levels of 92.7.
• Delhi has emerged the most polluted Metropolitan city in the world with PM levels of 92.6.
Best Air Quality:

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• Guam, an American Island in the Pacific, has the cleanest air of any nation with PM 2.5
levels of 1.3 micrograms per cubic meter.
• Canberra (Australia) has the cleanest air of any capital city with PM 2.5 levels of 2.8
micrograms per cubic meter.
Note: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a maximum PM2.5 concentration
of 5 micrograms per cubic meter.
77. The National Sample Survey Office (NSSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme
Implementation (MoSPI), in its 78th round survey, has released the findings of the Multiple
Indicator Survey (MIS) for the first time to collect information for developing estimates of
some important Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) indicators and to collect information
about purchase/construction of house(s)/flat(s) for residential purposes after 3rd March 2014
and information on migration.
Key findings of the survey:

• As per the survey, 34.9 % persons aged 15-29 years were in formal and non-formal
education and training for the 12 months preceding the survey.
• A total of 29.3 % persons aged 15-24 years are not in education, employment or training.
• A total of 49.9 % of the households reported the purchase or construction of a new house
or flat for the first time, among the households which reported the purchase or
construction of a new house or flat after March 3, 2014.
• 63.1 % of the households were using clean fuel as the primary source of energy for
cooking.
• As per the survey report, 72.7 % persons aged 18 years and above used mobile phones
during the three months preceding the survey.
• The survey said that 95.7 % persons reported to have improved sources of drinking water.
• 98 % persons reported access to improved toilets, among those who reported access to
toilets.
• As per the survey, 81.9 % persons reported access to hand washing facilities with water
and soap/detergent within the premises.
National Statistical Office (NSO):

NSO consists of the Central Statistical Office (CSO) and the National Sample Survey Office
(NSSO). It acts as the nodal agency for planned development of the statistical system in the
country.

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78. Union Minister for Fisheries, Animal Husbandry & Dairying Parshottam Rupala has unveiled
the Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying annual publication, the 'Basic Animal
Husbandry Statistics 2022'.
Major highlights of the “Basic Animal Husbandry Statistics 2022”:

• India’s milk production has increased to 221.06 million tonnes (MT) in FY22 from 209.96
MT in FY21. It has registered an annual growth rate of 5.29%.
• Top milk-producing states: Rajasthan (15.05%), Uttar Pradesh (14.93%), Madhya Pradesh
(8.06%), Gujarat (7.56%) and Andhra Pradesh (6.97%).
• In 2021-22, the total egg production in the country stood at 129.60 billion, up 6.19% as
compared to FY21.
• Top egg-producing states: Andhra Pradesh (20.41%), Tamil Nadu (16.08%), Telangana
(12.86%), West Bengal (8.84%) and Karnataka (6.38%).
• The total meat production in the country is 9.29 million tonnes for the year 2021-22 with
an annual growth rate of 5.62%.
• Top meat producing states: Maharashtra (12.25%), Uttar Pradesh (12.14%), West Bengal
(11.63%), Andhra Pradesh (11.04%), and Telangana (10.82%).
• The total wool production during 2021-22 is 33.13 thousand tonnes, which has declined
by 10.30% as compared to previous year.
• The per-capita availability of milk is 444 gram/day during 2021-22.
• In 2021-22, the per-capita availability of egg is 95 nos/annum.
• The per-capita availability of meat is 6.82 kg/annum during 2021-22.
79. A report on “Lion@2047: A vision for Amrutkal”, prepared by the Wildlife Institute of India
for Gujarat government, has identified the Barda Wildlife Sanctuary (WLS) as a suitable
location for relocating a population of 40 adult and sub-adult Asiatic lions from Gir National
Park (NP).
The Gujarat Government has recommended the Barda WLS as a second home for Asiatic
Lions (Panthera Leo Persica) in Gujarat, approx. 100 kms from their current home at Gir NP.
The project has received in-principle approval from the Union government.
Barda Wildlife Sanctuary:

Barda WLS area falls into two districts, Porbandar and Jamnagar in the state of Gujarat. It is
characteristically abundant in floral diversity, which consists of a good number of medicinal

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plants. The area has the maximum floral diversity in the state (650 plant species), Gorad,
Babul, Dhav, Rayan, Ber, Jamun, Amli, Dhudhlo, Bamboo.
Note: IUCN status of Asiatic Lion is ‘Endangered’.
80. The tenth edition of the Global Terrorism Index (GTI) 2023 has been released by the
Institute for Economics & Peace (IEP) using data from TerrorismTracker and other sources.
This report provides a comprehensive summary of the key global trends and patterns in
terrorism over the last decade.
• Afghanistan remains most impacted by terrorism for fourth consecutive year, followed by
Burkina Faso and Somalia.
• India remained at 13th while Pakistan ranked at 6th.
• The deadliest terrorist groups in the world in 2022 were Islamic State (IS) and its affiliates,
followed by al-Shabaab, Balochistan Liberation Army (BLA) and Jamaat Nusrat Al-Islam wal
Muslimeen (JNIM).
• Climate change is helping terrorist groups to raise funds, propagandize and recruit
people.
81. The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) has released the 24th
annual publication “Women and Men in India 2022” report.

• The sex ratio at birth went up by three points to 907 in 2018-20 from 904 in 2017-19.
• India’s sex ratio (females per 1,000 males) is expected to improve to 952 by 2036, up
significantly from 943 in 2011.
• India’s Labour Force Participation Rate for those above 15 years of age has been
increasing since 2017-2018. However, women are severely lagging behind men.
• The population growth, already on a downward trend from 2.2% in 1971 to 1.1% in 2021,
is projected to fall further to 0.58% in 2036.

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• India’s age and sex structure, as per which the population under 15 years of age is
expected to decline and the population above 60 years is expected to increase by 2036.
• The age-specific fertility rate for the 20-24 year and 25-29 years age group between 2016
and 2020 reduced from 135.4 and 166.0 to 113.6 and 139.6 respectively. The same
indicator for the 35-39 years age group increased from 32.7 in 2016 to 35.6 in 2020.
82. The 11th edition of the World Happiness Report 2023 has been published by the
Sustainable Development Solutions Network of the United Nations (UN). The report ranks
global happiness in more than 150 countries around the world.
Top 3 Happiest Countries

1 Finland
2 Denmark
3 Iceland
Top 3 Unhappiest Countries
1 Afghanistan
2 Lebanon
3 Sierra Leone
India's position in the World Happiness Report 2023 has improved from 136 to 126, but India
is still behind close neighbours like Sri Lanka (112), Pakistan (108) and Nepal (78).
Bhutan is not listed in the WHR 2023.
The ranking uses six key factors to measure happiness: social support, income, health,
freedom, generosity, and absence of corruption.
83. The Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) in its latest interim
outlook released titled “Fragile Recovery” has raised India's FY24 growth forecast by 20 basis
points to 5.9% from 5.7% earlier.
• India’s growth is projected to moderate to about 6 percent in FY2023-24, amid tighter
financial conditions before picking up to recover to around 7 percent in FY 2024-25.
• Global growth is projected to remain at below trend rates in 2023 and 2024, at 2.6 percent
and 2.9 percent, respectively.
84. As per the rating agency CRISIL annual growth forecast, India’s Gross Domestic Product
(GDP) growth will touch 6% in FY24, compared with 7% estimated by the National Statistical
Organisation (NSO) for FY23.

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• Indian economy averaging a growth rate of 6.8% over the next five fiscals.
• The risks to inflation are “tilted upward”, given the ongoing heat wave and the World
Meteorological Organization’s prediction that an El Niño warming event is likely over the
next couple of months.
85. The Minister of State (Independent Charge) for the Ministry of Statistics and Programme
Implementation (MoSPI) ,Rao Inderjit Singh, has released the 24th issue of publication titled
“Women and Men in India 2022” in New Delhi.
• The publication “Women and Men in India” is a comprehensive and insightful document
that provides data on a wide range of topics such as education, health, employment, and
political participation, among others.
• It presents data disaggregated by gender, urban-rural divide, and geographical region,
which helps us understand the disparities that exist between different groups of women
and men.
86. According to the Global Commission on Economics of Water (GCEW) report ‘The What, Why
and How of the World Water Crisis: Global Commission on the Economics of Water
Phase I Review and Findings’, India will face a reduction of over 16% in food supply due to
water and heat stress in 2050, increasing the food insecure population by over 50%.
• The report has placed China at the top, where food supply would be reduced by 22.4%,
followed by South America by 19.4%.
• The water supply availability in India is between 1100-1197 billion cubic meters (bcm).
• The report points out that India’s poor water policy design is a major barrier in addressing
water stress.
• The demand is expected to grow from 550-710 bcm in 2010 to around 900-1,400 bcm in
2050.
87. As per the Monthly Economic Review-February 2023, published by the Ministry of Finance
(MoF), the Indian economy is projected to grow at 7 percent in the fiscal year 2022-23
(FY23) despite global challenges.
Retail inflation is anticipated to decline in accordance with wholesale inflation, which dropped
to a 25-month low in January 2023.
India’s current account deficit (CAD) is expected to decrease in FY23 and FY24, giving the
rupee a safety net in tumultuous times.

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88. According to the latest data released by the National Statistical Office (NSO), Ministry of
Statistics & Programme Implementation (MoSPI), India’s inflation based on Wholesale Price
Index (WPI) has declined to 25-month low of 3.85% in February 2023 amid a drop in the
prices of manufactured products. WPI was at 4.73% in January 2023 and 13.4% in February
2022.
The Retail Inflation based on Consumer Price Index (CPI) is also declined to 6.44% in
February 2023 against 6.52% in January 2023.
89. The ‘City Finance Rankings 2022’ portal has been made live by the Ministry of Housing
and Urban Affairs (MoHUA) to evaluate, recognize and reward municipal bodies across the
country on the basis of the quality of their current financial health and improvement over
time in financial performance.
Under this portal, Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) will be evaluated on 15 indicators across 3 key
municipal finance assessment parameters, namely:
• Resource Mobilization
• Expenditure Performance
• Fiscal Governance
The cities will be ranked on the basis of their scores under any one of the following four
population categories:
• Above 4 million
• Between 1-4 million
• 100K to 1 million
• Less than 100,000
The top 3 cities in each population category will be recognized and rewarded at the national
level as well as within each state/state cluster.
The entire ranking processes will be managed end-to-end in a 100% paperless manner
90. According to Kroll’s latest report titled “Celebrity Brand Valuation Report 2022: Beyond
the Mainstream”, Bollywood actor Ranveer Singh has surpassed Indian cricketer Virat Kohli
and become the India’s most valued celebrity with a brand value of USD 181.7 million.
• Virat Kohli has been placed to the 2nd position with a brand value of USD 176.9 million.
• Akshay Kumar (USD 153.6 million), Alia Bhatt (USD 100 million), and Deepika Padukone
(USD 82.9 million) are among the top 5.
• For the first time, South Indian stars Allu Arjun (USD 31.4 million) and Rashmika
Mandanna (USD 25.3 million) have made it to the list of India’s top 25 celebrities.

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91. Hurun India and M3M India have released the 2023 M3M Hurun Global Rich List, a ranking
of the US-Dollar billionaires in the India. This is the twelfth year of the ranking. The list ranked
3,112 billionaires, down from 3,384 last year, from 2,356 companies and 69 countries.
• Bernard Arnault, CEO of LVMH, has topped the list as the richest person in the world
with a worth of USD 202 billion.
• Elon Musk, the owner of Tesla and Twitter, with a total wealth of USD 157 billion, has been
ranked 2nd on the list.
India’s performance:
• In terms of number of billionaires, India ranks third in the 2023 M3M Hurun Global Rich
List.
• Reliance Industries (RIL) Chairman and Asia's richest man Mukesh Ambani has become
the only Indian to feature in the list of top 10 billionaires across the world. He has been
ranked 9th globally.
• Gautam Adani has been ranked 23rd globally with a net worth of $53 billion.
• Cyrus Poonawalla of Serum Institute of India with USD 28 billion net worth. He is the 3rd
richest billionaire in India.
92. Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bombay, and IIT Delhi have been featured among the
top 50 in the subject of Engineering and Technology in the QS World University Rankings
by Subject 2023. IIT Bombay is ranked 47th and IIT Delhi is ranked 48th.
• IIT Bombay is ranked 92nd and IIT Madras is ranked 98th in Mathematics.
• IIT Kanpur is ranked 87th in engineering-electrical electronic and ranked 96th in computer
science and information systems.
• IIT Kharagpur is ranked 94th in computer science and information systems.
93. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) has topped the Engineering and Technology
ranking followed by Stanford University in 2nd and University of Cambridge in 3rd rank.
QS World University Rankings by Subject 2023 is the 13th edition of the QS World University
Rankings by Subject.
94. The 2023 United Nations World Water Development Report (WWDR) titled ‘Partnerships
and Cooperation for Water’ has been published by UN Education, Scientific and Cultural
Organization (UNESCO) on behalf of UN-Water. It is published annually on World Water Day
(WWD), celebrated on 22 March.
Key findings of report:

• At current rates, progress towards all targets of SDG 6 (Clean Water & Sanitation) is off-
track.

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• 26 % of global population (2 billion) does not have access to safe drinking water and 46 %
of population (3.6 billion) lacks access to safely managed sanitation.
• Water use has been increasing globally by roughly 1% per year over last 40 years and is
expected to grow at a similar rate through to 2050.
• 10% of the global population lives in countries with high or critical water stress.
95. As per the Global Payments Report 2023 by global financial technology pioneer FIS, India’s
e-commerce sector is projected to grow from USD 83 billion in 2022 to USD 150 billion in
2026, as cash transactions continue to drop and Unified Payments Interface (UPI)-based
transactions continue to set all-time highs.
• Account-to-account (A2A) payments are projected to increase their share in e-commerce
payment methods from 15 percent in 2022 to 24 percent in 2026.
• In 2022, digital wallets accounted for 50% of e-commerce transaction value and 35% of
POS transaction value in India.
• Cash was dominant just a few years ago, accounting for 71 percent of POS transaction
value in 2019, but by 2022, cash had dropped to represent just 27 percent of POS value.
• Cash is projected to decline even further by 2026, projecting to account for just 14 percent
of POS market share.
96. The Passport Index 2023 has been published by financial advisory services firm Arton
Capital that ranks passports of 199 countries. The rankings are determined by mobility score
of the countries which is calculated on provisions like visa-free visit, visa on arrival, an eVisa
(if used within three days) and electronic travel authorisation.
• UAE has been ranked first in both the Global Passport Power Rank 2023 & Individual
Passport Power Rank 2023 with a mobility score of 181.
• Afghanistan has been ranked last in both the Global Passport Power Rank 2023 &
Individual Passport Power Rank 2023 with a mobility score of 38.

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India’s performance:
• India has been ranked 144th in the Individual Passport Power Rank 2023 with a mobility
score of 70. It was ranked 138th in 2022.
• India has been ranked 71st in the Global Passport Power Rank 2023 with a mobility score
of 70.
• Along with India, Zimbabwe & Tajikistan have also been ranked 71st in the Global Passport
Power Rank 2023.
97. S&P Global Ratings, in its “Economic Outlook Asia-Pacific Q2 2023”, has retained its
projection for India’s economic growth at 6% in fiscal year 2023-24 (FY24), before increasing
to 6.9% in FY25.
• India's GDP is projected to rise to 6.9 percent in the following two financial years i.e. 2024-
25 and 2025-26 and rising to 7.1 percent in 2026-27.
• The inflation rate would fall to 5% in FY24 from 6.8% in FY23.
• It keeps the projection for the APAC region, excluding China, to slow down to 3.8% from
4.7% in 2022.
98. World Bank has released a report titled “Striving for Clean Air: Air Pollution and Public
Health in South Asia”. The report uses Greenhouse Gas and Air Pollution Interactions and
Synergies (GAINS) model to quantify particulate matter (PM) emissions and how they
disperse in atmosphere.
Highlights of report:
• Fine PM concentration such as soot and small dust (PM 2.5) is up to 20 times higher than
WHO standard of 5 microgram per cubic metre in some areas.
• The main causes behind Air Pollution in South Asia are Solid fuel combustion, small
industries, municipal waste management practices (e.g. burning of plastics) etc.
• The report identifies six major airsheds in South Asia where spatial interdependence in air
quality is high.
• Bangladesh, India, Nepal, and Pakistan, share a common airshed that spans Indo-Gangetic
Plain.
An airshed can be defined as a region that shares a common flow of air, which may become
uniformly polluted and stagnant.

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99. According to a TransUnion CIBIL-SIDBI MSME Pulse Report 2023, loan disbursements to
the micro, small and medium enterprise (MSME) sector in Q2 (July-September) FY23 grew
24% year-on-year, with significant growth in the micro segment.
• Micro, small and medium sized enterprises grew at 54%, 23% and 8% YoY, respectively.
• MSME credit exposure stood at Rs.22.9 lakh crore as of September 2022, reflecting a YoY
growth rate of 10.6%.
• Small segment enterprises comprised the highest proportion in the MSME credit book at
Rs.9.5 lakh crore, while micro and medium enterprises hold Rs.5.8 lakh crore and Rs.7.6
lakh crore, respectively.
• The top ten states based on current outstanding MSME lending balances are
Maharashtra, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, Karnataka, Rajasthan, West
Bengal, Telangana and Haryana.
• The top ten states constituted 72% of the MSME outstanding balance as of September
2022.

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BAZOOKA: Reports & Indices 2023

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RBI Grade B 2023 Phase 1 Examination.

Important Reports & Indices

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ACCs; and 9 percent reduction for seaports.

71:46 hrs, 44:16 hrs and 31:47 hrs, respectively.

total LEED Zero certifications.

• Haryana and Tamil Nadu are leading the way in certifications.

www.practicemock.com 3 info@practicemock.com 9319314079

cent) and 15 (10 per cent) certifications, respectively.

to 13 crore as on March 31, 2023.

accounted for 63% of the total portfolio.

respectively among the union territories.

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is more than tripled from USD 1.03 billion in 2021-22.

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• UR in CWS (male): 6% and UR in CWS (female): 9.2%

(12.5%) and Jammu & Kashmir (12.4%).

• The Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) in CWS is 48.5% in Q4FY23.

• LFPR in CWS (male): 73.5% and LFPR in CWS (female): 22.7%.

• The Worker Population Ratio (WPR) in CWS is 45.2% in Q4FY23.

• WPR in CWS (male): 69.1% and WPR in CWS (female): 20.6%.

www.practicemock.com 6 info@practicemock.com 9319314079

however, a 177 percent increase compared to FY22.

wind power base is the fourth largest in the world.

commitment to building a low-carbon economy, mobilise private sector capital for

achieve them to meet its 2070 net-zero target.

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at 3rd, IIT Bombay at 4th, and IIT Kanpur at 5th place.

Key findings of the report:

and 2 percent in FY 2021-22.

Aggregates) for highways construction.

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• Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences in Himachal Pradesh

ranked between 101 and 200; and

• KIIT University in Odisha ranked between 201 and 300.

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the same age who do not use the internet.

internet use among youth.

countries and territories analysed.

and 20% respectively, a difference of 11 percentage points.

It tracks labour-market impact of Fourth Industrial Revolution, green energy transitions,

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• The key drivers of business transformation include technology adoption, followed by

rising cost of living, slow economic growth, and green transition.

• 44% of workers’ skills will be disrupted in next five years.

growth, followed by increased adoption of new technologies and broadening digital

• 23% of jobs in next five years are expected to change.

standards, and localization of supply chains.

and Denmark (3rd).

rank out of 180 countries in terms of press freedom.

North Korea (180th).

serious” in 31 countries, “difficult” in 42, “problematic” in 55, and “good” or “satisfactory” in

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related fintech representing 25% all banking valuations.

Key Highlights of the Report:

consecutive year in 2022.

Conflict/insecurity, Weather/Climate extremes etc.

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hazards are estimated at USD 780 billion.

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