THE COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN (CLUP) -
refers to a document embodying specific
proposals for guiding, regulating growth and
development of a city or municipality. It is
comprehensive because it considers all sectors
significant in the development process, i.e.,
demography, socio-economic, infrastructure
and utilities, land use and local administration,
within the territorial jurisdiction.
Rationale for the Formulation/Revision of a
CLUP:
● To guide the orderly development of a
city/municipality to promote the health,
safety, welfare and convenience of the
population,
● To promote sustainable development;
● To preserve special natural features and
environmentally critical areas;
● To translate socio-economic policies into
physical policies and plans;
● To provide guidelines for the
appropriate use of natural resources;
● To allocate land for settlements,
industries and other urban uses on land
least suitable for agricultural and
farming uses;
● To serve as basis for reclassifying and
converting land;
● To reflect changes in the goals and
objectives of the community.
Approaches to CLUP Formulation
1. Integration of Barangay Development Plans
(Bottom-Up Approach) – Under the LGU Code of
1991, the Local Development Councils, in the
case of barangay, the Barangay Development
Councils are tasked to prepare Barangay
Development Plans to be submitted to the
Sangguniang Barangay for review and approval.
2. Top to Bottom Approach – In the absence of
barangay and municipal development plans, the
local planners adopt the top to bottom approach
to planning. In this case, the Provincial Land Use
Plan/Physical Framework Plan (PPFP), if
available, may serve as basis and framework for
the formulation and updating of the CLUP
without precluding consultation with
component LGUs.
In the absence of a Provincial Land Use
Plan/PPFP, other higher-level plans may serve as
bases for the formulation, such as the Medium-
Term Development Plan, Regional Physical
Framework Plan, metropolitan or other cluster
area development plans (i.e., MIMAROPA,
CALABARZON, etc.)
The planning area is defined by the
cities'/municipalities' political boundaries. This
includes all component barangays and the
city/municipal waters extending 3 km. from
shoreline for coastal LGUs. Thus, the CLUP shall
cover both land and water resources of the
city/municipality.
The CLUP covers a planning period of 10 years at
the minimum. It may be reviewed every 3 years
coinciding with the term of the Mayor and other
locally elected officials, for their appreciation
and for continuity of plan implementation.
The CLUP document includes:
(1) The Comprehensive Development Land
Use Plan,
(2) Zoning Ordinance, and
(3) Sectoral Studies (a documentation of the
supporting studies that were
undertaken to arrive at the resultant
CLUP).
The Comprehensive Land Use Plan - contains the
Vision/Mission; Goals, Objectives, Strategies; the
Concept/Structure Plan (text and map); the Land
Use Plan (text and map); Priority Programs and
Projects.
The Zoning Ordinance (Z0) -contains the
regulations affecting uses allowed or disallowed
in each zone of district, and the conditions and
deviations legally allowed from the
requirements of the ordinance.
The Zoning Map - enacted by the LGU and duly
ratified and authenticated by the approving
body (Sangguniang Panlalawigan/HLURB) which
is an integral part of the Zoning Ordinance. It is
the graphic presentation of the zone
classifications/designations, location and
boundaries of the districts/ zones that were duly
established in the zoning ordinance.
The Sectoral Studies - contain the following
major sections: Demography
(Physical/Environment); Social Sector (Housing,
Health, Education, Protective Services, Sports
and Recreation, Social Welfare); Economic
Sector (Industry, Commerce, Agriculture,
Forestry, Tourism); Infrastructure and Utilities
(Transportation, Power, Water, Communication,
Solid Waste Management).
Land Use Planning Tools and Techniques:
1. Developability Analysis - deals with
determining the accurate information
about the supply of available and within
the LGU jurisdiction to prepare a land
use plan.
1.1. Land Suitability Analysis (LSA) - is an in-
design evaluation method for planning
areas that retain important natural
environmental features. The outcome
of the valuation depends to a large
extent on expert judgment based on
scientific knowledge. This evaluation
method is not comprehensive but
rather limited to alternative sites within
a specified study area for a particular
land use or set of land uses. - i.e.,
industrial suitability based upon slope,
highway access, availability of water
and sewer.
1.2. Carrying Capacity Analysis - is the
method of studying the effects of
population growth and urban
development on ecological systems,
public facility systems, and
environmental perception. Carrying
capacity analysis determines the point
at which a resource's function will be
reduced to an unacceptable level. It
provides a factual basis for a
community's comprehensive plan
provisions that promote resource
protection and give the community a
rational and logical basis for the
adoption of management controls
designed to limit development to the
assimilative capacity of a resource.
1.3. Committed Lands Analysis - identifies
locations where excess community
service capacity exists and where cost
of additional distribution for each new
Customer is no greater than the value
of increased efficiency in producing the
service.
1.4. Market Forecasts - attempt to project
future land development. Simple
forecasts rely on projections of past
trends, population and economic
growth along with information on
development regulations, land use
plans, and forthcoming development
proposals, to estimate the location,
type, amount, and cost of future
development.
2. Perceptual Analysis - relies on people's
perceptions which are important
determinants of travel behavior, locational
choice, social relationships, and political
actions.
2.1. Legibility - refers to the clarity of its
spatial organizations and ease with
which people can "read" its structure.
2.2. Attractiveness - degree to which it is
positively perceived. From a non-
professional perspective, visual quality
must be the most important influence
on how people experience and respond
to urban areas and planning initiatives.
2.3. Symbolism - refers to the meanings
that people attach to various parts of
the urban area.
2.4. Quality of Life- is a synthetic perceptual
measure based on resident rating of
local trends of change over time in such
factors as open space, urban design,
crime, traffic, schools and housing
affordability.