Chemistry Journal

1.05 Changes of Matter

Driving Question: How do physical and chemical changes direct the molecular interactions and
changes around us?

Key Ideas and Terms Notes

FQ: What is the difference between physical and chemical changes?
What is a physical A physical change is a change in a substance from one form to
change? another without changing its composition. A physical change can be a
change to any physical property of an object, such as its size or shape
What is a chemical On the other hand, when chemical changes occur, new substances are
change? produced that usually have different properties than the original
substances.
FQ: What happens to molecules during physical and chemical changes?
List examples of Whether the balloon is inflated or deflated, it is still a balloon. Ripping a
physical changes. sheet of paper, breaking a window, or taking a piece of clay and
transforming it into a new shape are other examples of physical
changes.
Compare what happens Physical Change Chemical Change
to molecules in physical During a physical change the the chemical composition of the
vs. chemical changes. physical properties of a substance substance will stay the same.
may change

What are some signs  production of flames

scientists look for to
indicate that a chemical
change may have
occurred?
 color change
 bubbling or fizzing
 temperature change smoke
 production of light
 formation of a substance in a different state (for example, a solid
from the mixing of two liquids)

Why is it important to Many of these observations could also be the result of a physical
do further investigations change, so it is important to determine if the resulting substances have
to determine if a different chemical properties than the original substances. Let's compare
when similar observations demonstrate different forms of change.
chemical change really
occurred?
FQ: How is molecular motion related to phase changes?
Describe how molecular
motion and distance
between molecules
change as ice is heated
to become a liquid and
then a gas.
Phase Changes Video
Define each phase change and describe it in terms of energy and particle behavior.
 Evaporation Evaporation occurs when a liquid changes to a gas.

 Condensation Condensation is the opposite of evaporation. It occurs when a gas

changes to a liquid.

 Melting The melting and freezing processes are changes between the solid and
liquid states of matter. When molecules that make up a solid get enough
energy to overcome the forces holding them in place, a solid melt into a
liquid.

 Freezing Similarly, when the molecules that make up a liquid lose enough energy
and slow down, a liquid freeze to form a solid.

 Sublimation Sublimation occurs when a solid changes directly into a gas

 Deposition It occurs when a gas changes into a solid. In both of these phase
changes, the liquid state of matter is skipped altogether.

FQ: How can you differentiate between physical and chemical changes?
Identify each of the following as a physical or chemical change.
 Burning a match Chemical
 Freezing ice Physical
 Breaking glass Physical
 Dissolving sugar Physical
in water
 Boiling water Physical
 Rusting iron Chemical
 Baking a cake Chemical
 Reacting vinegar Chemical
with baking soda
When the chemicals iron 1. Chemical Change
sulfide (FeS) and 2. Bubbles indicate that gasses were formed
hydrochloric acid (HCl) 3. This is a chemical property
are combined, bubbles
appear from the mixture.
1. Does the appearance
of bubbles indicate a
physical or chemical
change? 2. Why do the
bubbles indicate this
change? 3. What
property is this?

In order to survive, 1. Physical Change

plants absorb sunlight, 2. No new substances were formed
water, and nutrients 3. Physical property
from the soil. 1. Does
this represent a physical
or chemical change? 2.
Justify why this is this
type of change. What
property is this?
Be sure to record any extra helpful notes, vocabulary terms, and practice sample problems.