Sinhala

alphabet writing practice pdf

From Wikibooks, open books for an open world 1.2 The alphabet To see the standard Sinhalese alphabet go to this appendix. The above alphabet is the standard alphabet for Sinhalese. There are 18 vowels and 42 consonants in this modern alphabet. It has been using as the standard alphabet by Sri lankan National Institute of Education (NIE) since
1989.
The first documentation of the Sinhala alphabet is found in the journal "Sidhath Sangarawa" ( ; meaning, "The Journal of Theories") which was written in medieval Sinhala in the age of Dambadeniya (1220–1345). Known as "Sidhath Sangara Hodiya" ( ; meaning, "The Alphabet of The Journal of Theories"). There are only 10
vowels and 20 consonants in this alphabet. It evolved to the modern Sinhala alphabet. Try to memorize the letters and the sounds of each letter. ' ' is the only letter in Sinhalese which can be pronounced in two ways. It is explained in the highlighted part of the previous lesson.
Sound ə is never pronounced with the letter ' ' which is always written in the beginning of a word, but with a consonant which has joined with the vowel sound of ' '. So, it is called "letter ' ' (IPA: ʌ)". ' ' and ' ' are letters that are currently not in use, still the National Institute of Education hasn't removed them from the alphabet. All other vowels are
just very simple and easy to understand. Listen to the audio files and practice to pronounce them. Vowels[edit | edit source] Vowel Audio Sinhala IPA American English IPA British English IPA Pronunciation Notes Signs that areused in this book /a/ ʌ or ə ʌ or ə like u in run;like a in above* *Used only when the letteris joined with a consonant.

appears only at the beginning of a word. e.g. ammā (mother) a or ə /aː/ ɑ ɑː like a in father ā /æ/ æ æ like a in at æ /æː/ æ æ like a in ant ǣ /i/ ɪ ɪ like i in king i /iː/ i iː like ee in see ī /u/ ʊ ʊ like u in put u /uː/ u uː like oo in cool ū /ri/ ɛɹ æɹ like re in brewer /ru/ - - like re in brew Not written in the beginningof a word;Long sound of
/li/ - - - Not in use - /liː/ - - - Not in use - /e/ ɛ ɛ like e in bed e /eː/ eɪ eɪ like a in ancient ē /ai/ aɪ aɪ like i in rice ei /o/ ɑ ɒ like o in not o /oː/ oʊ əʊ like o in go ō /au/ aʊ aʊ like ou in house ou Key short monophthong long monophthong diphthong Consonants[edit | edit source] In the following table, the IPA for each consonant is shown
without the inherent vowel for clarity.
Note: in English, voiceless stops (/k, t, p/) are pronounced aspirated at the start of words when followed immediately by a vowel: cat /kʰæt/, tap /tʰæp/, pack /pʰæk/.

Aspiration has been lost in modern Sinhala, so now the aspirated consonants are pronounced identically to their non-aspirated counterparts.

Consonant IPA Audio Transliteration Pronunciation Notes /k/ k c in picnic /pʰɪknɪk/. /k/ (/kʰ/) kh (digraph) Modern: c in picnic /pʰɪknɪk/.Ancient: c in cat cat /kʰæt/. No aspiration in modern Sinhala. /ɡ/ g g in game /ɡeɪm/.
/ɡ/ (/ɡʰ/) gh (digraph) Modern: g in game /ɡeɪm/.Ancient: no English equivalent. g with a puff of air immediately afterwards. No aspiration in modern Sinhala. /ŋ/ ng (digraph) ng in sing /sɪŋ/. This letter is not used in modern Sinhala. (Sri Lanka) use to be spelt with this letter, but now the dependent stroke bingduwa (the small
circle) is used instead. /ᵑɡ/ ng Similar to, but not exactly the same as, ng in stronger /stɹɒŋɡə/ where the g has a "hard" sound. This letter is written like three letters before, but with a small stroke at the start to indicate the pre-nasalisation. /t͡ʃ/ c ch in itch /ɪt͡ʃ/. The transliteration is c, not ch, to avoid confusion with the aspirated letter transcribed
ch. /t͡ʃ/ (/t͡ʃʰ/) ch (digraph) Modern: ch in itch /ɪt͡ʃ/.Ancient: ch in chin /t͡ʃʰɪn/. The transliteration is ch, not chh, to maintain consistency with the transcriptions of the other aspirated letters.No aspiration in modern Sinhala. /d͡ʒ/ j j in jug /d͡ʒʌɡ/. /d͡ʒ/ (/d͡ʒʰ/) jh (digraph) Modern: j in jug /d͡ʒʌɡ/.Ancient: no English equivalent. j with a puff of air
immediately afterwards. No aspiration in modern Sinhala. /ɲ/ gn (digraph) ñ in señor (Spanish) /seˈɲoɾ/. /ᶮd͡ʒ/ nj Similar to, but not exactly the same as, ng in orange /ˈɒɹɪnd͡ʒ/. This letter is written like three letters before, but with a small stroke at the start to indicate the pre-nasalisation. There is no example of any word in modern or ancient
Sinhala that uses this letter. /ʈ/ t Similar to, but not exactly the same as, t in pat /pʰæt/. /ʈ/ in Sinhala is close enough to /t/ in English that most people won't hear the difference. /ʈ/ (/ʈʰ/) th (digraph) Modern: Similar to, but not exactly the same as, t in pat /pʰæt/.Ancient: Similar to, but not exactly the same as, t in tack /tʰæk/. /ʈ/ in Sinhala is close
enough to /t/ in English that most people won't hear the difference.No aspiration in modern Sinhala.

/ɖ/ d Similar to, but not exactly the same as, d in disc /dɪsk/. /ɖ/ in Sinhala is close enough to /d/ in English that most people won't hear the difference. /ɖ/ (/ɖʰ/) dh (digraph) Modern: Similar to, but not exactly the same as, d in disc /dɪsk/.Ancient: no English equivalent. Similar to d with a puff of air immediately afterwards. /ɖ/ in Sinhala is close
enough to /d/ in English that most people won't hear the difference.No aspiration in modern Sinhala. /n/ n n in net /nɛt/. This letter used to be pronounced /ɳ/, differently from /n/, but in modern Sinhala they are both pronounced /n/. /ᶯɖ/ nd Similar to, but not exactly the same as, nd in and /ænd/. This letter is written like three letters before,
but with a small stroke at the start to indicate the pre-nasalisation. /t̪/ th (digraph) No exact equivalent in English. Somewhat similar to th in teeth /tiːθ/. If you have trouble saying /t̪/, you can replace it with /θ/ and still be understood. /t̪/ (/t̪ʰ/) th (digraph) Modern: No exact equivalent in English. Somewhat similar to th in teeth /tiːθ/.Ancient: No
exact equivalent in English. Somewhat similar to th in thin /θʰɪn/. If you have trouble saying /t̪/, you can replace it with /θ/ and still be understood.No aspiration in modern Sinhala. /d̪ / d No exact equivalent in English. Somewhat similar to th in this /ðɪs/. If you have trouble saying /d̪ /, you can replace it with /ð/ and still be understood. /d̪ / (/d̪ ʰ/) th
(digraph) Modern: No exact equivalent in English.

Somewhat similar to th in this /ðɪs/.Ancient: No exact equivalent in English. Somewhat similar to th in this /ðɪs/ with a puff of air immediately afterwards. If you have trouble saying /d̪ /, you can replace it with /ð/ and still be understood.No aspiration in modern Sinhala. /n/ n n in net /nɛt/. used to be pronounced /ɳ/, differently from this letter /n/,
but in modern Sinhala they are both pronounced /n/. /ⁿd̪ / nth (trigraph) No exact equivalent in English. Somewhat similar to n th in when this /wɛnðɪs/. This letter is written like three letters before, but with a small stroke at the start to indicate the pre-nasalisation. /p/ p p in tap /tæp/. /p/ is used for some old loanwords before /f/ was included
in the alphabet, e.g. "France" is /praŋʃəjə/ (Prangshaya). /p/ (/pʰ/) ph (digraph) Modern: p in tap /tæp/.Ancient: Similar to p in pen /pʰɛn/. No aspiration in modern Sinhala. /b/ b b in big /bɪɡ/. /b/ (/bʰ/) bh (digraph) Modern: b in big /bɪɡ/.Ancient: no English equivalent. b with a puff of air immediately afterwards. No aspiration in modern
Sinhala. /m/ m m in mat /mæt/. /ᵐb/ mb (digraph) Similar to, but not exactly the same as, mb in amber /æmbə(ɹ)/. This letter is written like a cross between one letter before, and three letters before. /j/ y y in yet /jɛt/. /r/ r Similar to r in red /ɹɛd/. /r/ is a trilled r. The plain r in English is /ɹ/.
Either sound is acceptable. /l/ l l in list /lɪst/. used to be pronounced /ɭ/, differently from this letter /l/, but in modern Sinhala they are both pronounced /l/. /v~ʋ~w/ v, w v in vivid /ˈvɪvɪd/, w in water /ˈwɔːtə(ɹ)/. /v/, /ʋ/, /w/ are all allophones of . Each word has only a single pronunciation. E.g. (water) is pronounced /wat̪urə/, not /vat̪urə/. /ʃ/
sh (digraph) sh in ship /ʃɪp/. (Sri Lanka) and other words with srī (honourable, holy) are pronounced as if they're spelt with /s/ instead of /ʃ/. /ʃ/ (/ʂ/) sh (digraph) Modern: sh in ship /ʃɪp/.Ancient: no English equivalent. Somewhat similar to sh in ship /ʃɪp/. This letter is pronounced the same as in modern Sinhala. /s/ s s in set /sɛt/.
Some words that use /h/ in the spoken language use /s/ instead in the written language. /h/ h h in hat /hæt/. Some words that use /s/ in the written language use /h/ instead in the spoken language. /l/ l l in list /lɪst/. This letter used to be pronounced /ɭ/, differently from /l/, but in modern Sinhala they are both pronounced /l/. /f/ f f in fin
/fɪn/.
Sinhala used to not include a sound for /f/. However, due to the foreign influences of Portuguese, Dutch and finally English, a new letter was added to the alphabet. Most Sinhalese can pronounce this sound now, but historically, those who couldn't pronounced it as /p/ instead, e.g. The Sinhala word for France is /praŋʃəjə/ (Prangshaya). Key
unaspirated aspirated nasal pre-nasal approximant / trill fricative Click on the virama called hal kirīma in Sinhala (diacritic in the center) to delete the inherent vowel a.
To type directly with the computer keyboard: Use the capital to type letters subscribed with a dot below: T, Th, D, Dh, N, L, S Type sh for ś Type aa, ii, uu, ee, oo (or A, I, U, E, O ) for the long vowels ā, ī, ū, ē, ō Type q (or ae, or ä) for æ, and Q (or AE, or Ä) for ǣ For ru and rū : type -r and -ru For li and lī : type -l and -li Type = to delete the virama
(pronunciation: ə) Type M for (anusvaraya) Type H for (visargaya) Type w for (punctuation) Download & install the font Iskoola Pota How to type with this Online Sinhala Keyboard Using the online Sinhala keyboard above, simply click on the letters, alphabets or symbols to enter them into the text box. After that you can click the Copy button or
press Ctrl+C to copy.
Or use the Save button to save the typed characters as a text file. To directly type these alphabets in the above text box with your computer keyboard, obey the following instructions. This Online keyboard above has some characters attached to some of the Sinhala character keys. In the text box, simply type these characters that are indicated on top
of the keys to get the corresponding Sinhala alphabet, letter or symbol. Once you are done typing your desired Sinhala letters, either use Ctrl+C to copy or use the copy or save buttons to copy or save the typed characters respectively. Sinhala is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by about 16 million Sinhalese people in Sri Lanka. It also used as a second
language by another 3 million people belonging to other ethnic groups in Sri Lanka, where it is one of the official and national languages, along with Tamil. There are also considerable numbers of Sinhala speakers in Singapore, Thailand, Canada and the United Arab Emirates.
Sinhala at a glance Native name: (Siṃhāla) [ˈsiŋɦələ] Language family: Indo-European; Indo-Iranian; Indo-Aryan; Southern Indo-Aryan; Insular Indo-Aryan Number of speakers: c.17 million Spoken in: Sri Lanka First written: 9th century AD Writing system: Sinhala alphabets Status: official and national language in Sri Lanka Sinhala is also
known as Sinhalese or Singhala - the latter version is closer to the pronunciation native name. The native name of the language is (Siṃhāla), which comes from Sanskrit and could be translated as "lion-seizer", "lion-killer" or "lion blood", which refer to the legendary founder of the Sinhala people, Prince Vijaya, a descendant of
Sinhabahu/Sīhabāhu ("Lion-arms"), the son of a princess of the Vanga Kingdom and a lion. Sinhala alphabet The Sinhala alphabet, a descendent of the Brahmi script, started to appear in Prakrit inscriptions during the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC. Both the alphabet and the language have changed considerably since then. The earliest surviving literature
in Sinhala dates from the 9th century AD.
The Sinhala alphabet is also used to write Pali and Sanskrit in Sri Lanka. Notable features Type of writing system: Abugida / Syllabic Alphabet. Writing direction: left to right in horizontal lines. Script family: Proto-Sinaitic, Phoenician, Aramaic, Brāhmī, Sinhala When they appear the the beginning of a syllable, vowels are written as independent
letters. Prenasalized consonants, such as mb, nd, ṇd and ng, are formed by special conjunct symbols that combine the stop and the homorganic nasal. Conjunct symbols are used only when writing Sanskrit or Pali with the Sinhala alphabet. A subset of the letters, known as Eḷu hōḷdiya, was used to write classical Sinhala (Eḷu) - shown in blue below.
Many extra letters were added to write Sanskrit and Pali loanwords. Vowels Vowel diacritics with ka Consonants Conjunct consonants Numerals These numerals are no longer used in written Sinhala, instead the Western-style numerals are used. Spreadsheet of the Sinhala alphabet (Excel, 56K) Sample text in Sinhala Transliteration Siyalu manuṣyayō
nidahasva upata labā æta . Garutvayen hā ayitivāsikam samāna veti. Yukti ayukti piḷiban̆ da hæ n̆gīmen hā hṛda sākṣiyen yut ovun, ovuno vunṭa sæḷakiya yuttē sahōdaratvaya piḷiban̆ da hæn̆ gīmeni. Hear a recording of this text by Ajit Alles ( ) Translation All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with
reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. (Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights) Information about Sinhala | Phrases | Numbers | Tower of Babel | Learning materials Links Information about the Sinhala alphabet and language Sinhala lessons and courses
://www.livelingua.com/project/fsi/Sinhala/ Sinhala phrases Sinhala and Tamil word and letter puzzles The South Asian Literary Recordings Project - Sinhalese authors reading extracts from their work: Online Sinhala dictionaries Online Sinhala radio Online news in Sinhala Free Sinhala fonts and software Convert romanized Sinhala to the Sinhala
alphabet More Sinhala links Indo-Aryan languages Awadhi, Assamese, Bagri, Bengali, Bhili, Bishnupriya Manipuri, Braj, Chakma, Chhattisgarhi, Chittagonian, Desiya, Dhatki, Dhivehi, Dhundari, Fiji Hindi, Gawar Bati, Gujarati, Hajong, Halbi, Haryanvi, Hindi, Hindko, Kannauji, Khandeshi, Konkani, Kotia, Kumaoni, Kutchi, Lambadi, Marathi, Marwari,
Mewari, Modi, Nimadi, Odia, Parkari Koli, Punjabi, Rajasthani, Rajbanshi, Rangpuri, Rohingya, Saraiki, Sarnámi Hindustani, Sindhi, Sinhala, Sourashtra, Sugali, Sylheti, Tanchangya, Urdu Abugidas / Syllabic alphabets Ahom, Aima, Arleng, Badagu, Badlit, Basahan, Balinese, Balti-A, Balti-B, Batak, Baybayin, Bengali, Bhaiksuki, Bhujimol, Bilang-bilang,
Bima, Blackfoot, Brahmi, Buhid, Burmese, Carrier, Chakma, Cham, Cree, Dehong Dai, Devanagari, Dham Lipi, Dhankari / Sirmauri, Ditema, Dives Akuru, Dogra, Ethiopic, Evēla Akuru, Fraser, Gond, Goykanadi, Grantha, Gujarati, Gunjala Gondi, Gupta, Gurmukhi, Halbi Lipi, Hanifi, Hanuno'o, Hočąk, Ibalnan, Incung, Inuktitut, Jaunsari Takri, Javanese,
Kaithi, Kadamba, Kamarupi, Kannada, Kawi, Kharosthi, Khema, Khe Prih, Khmer, Khojki, Khudabadi, Kirat Rai, Kōchi, Kulitan, Kurukh Banna, Lampung, Lanna, Lao, Lepcha, Limbu, Lontara/Makasar, Lota Ende, Magar Akkha, Mahajani, Malayalam, Manpuri / Meitei (Modern), Manpuri (Old), Marchen, Meroïtic, Masarm Gondi, Modi, Mon, Mongolian
Horizontal Square Script, Multani, Nandinagari, Newa, New Tai Lue, Ojibwe, Odia, Pahawh Hmong, Pallava, Phags-pa, Purva Licchavi, Qiang / Rma, Ranjana, Rejang (Kaganga), Sasak, Savara, Satera Jontal, Shan, Sharda, Siddham, Sinhala, Sorang Sompeng, Sourashtra, Soyombo, Sukhothai, Sundanese, Syloti Nagri, Tagbanwa, Takri, Tamil,
Tanchangya (Ka-Pat), Tani, Thaana, Telugu, Thai, Tibetan, Tigalari, Tikamuli, Tocharian, Tolong Siki, Vatteluttu, Warang Citi Other writing systems Page last modified: 13.04.23 [top] Why not share this page: Learn languages for free on Duolingo If you like this site and find it useful, you can support it by making a donation via PayPal or Patreon, or by
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We have given 24 sinhala letters for preschool childrens. E-Book “Sinhala Alphabet with pictures” (pdf file) is for all kids and parents. This e-book contains two pages with 24 Sinhala letters with beautiful pictures. You can print this pdf file after downloading. Printable PDF file (e-Book) Sinhala is the mother tongue of the Sinhalese people, the main
nation of Sri Lanka. Today, over 20 million Sinhalese and over 3 million non-Sinhala population speak Sinhala. Sinhala: It belongs to the Indo-Aryan language family, a subspecies of Indo-European languages. The Maldivian language, Dhivehi, is an Indo-Aryan language derived from the Sinhalese language of Sri Lanka.Sinhala is the official language of
Sri Lanka.Helabasa, which dates back to prehistoric times, is a fusion of the Indian languages ​​of the distant past with the Western language. English essays and Sinhala essays for Grade 2 to Grade 10 The e-thaksalawa is made up of resources developed straightened to grade 1 to 13 syllabus materials such as creative lessons, all learning resources
including past papers, term papers, questions, syllabuses, textbooks, teacher instructional manuals in Sinhala Tamil and English. Fun Learning for preschoolers and kids Home Subjects Math Science History Arts & Humanities Social Studies Engineering & Technology Business Other Resources Study Guides Leaderboard All Tags ❓ Unanswered
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