Посiб Підготовка до ЄВІ з англ мови Кузнецова 2020 пв1

ПІДГОТОВКА ДО ЄВІ
З АНГЛІЙСЬКОЇ МОВИ:
Training & Practice
Навчально-практичний посібник
Харків
«Право»
2020
УДК 37.016:811.111(075)
П32
Рекомендовано до видання кафедрою іноземних мов № 3

Національного юридичного університету імені Ярослава Мудрого
(протокол № 11 від 17 червня 2020 р.)
Р е ц е н з е н т и:
І. І. Костікова – доктор педагогічних наук, професор, завідувач
кафедри теорії та практики англійської мови, Харківський націо
нальний педагогічний університет імені Г. С. Сковороди;
Н. В. Саєнко – доктор педагогічних наук, професор, завідувач
кафедри іноземних мов, Харківський національний автомобільно-
дорожній університет
У к л а д а ч i:
О. Ю. Кузнецова, Л. О. Голубнича, Т. П. Бесараб,
С. В. Мясоєдова, К. В. Нестеренко, Я. О. Павліщева, Н. О. Попова
Підготовка до ЄВІ з англійської мови: Training & Practice : навч.-

П32 практ. посіб. / [уклад.: О. Ю. Кузнецова, Л. О. Голубнича, Т. П. Бесараб
та ін.]. – Харків : Право, 2020. – 200 с.
ISBN 978-966-998-017-5
Метою навчального посібника є допомогти підготуватися до складання ЄВІ
з англійської мови. Представлені в посібнику тренувальні вправи і тести пов
ністю відповідають програмі ЄВІ й дозволяють якісно підготуватися до його
складання.
Запропоновані методичні рекомендації щодо виконання кожного типу зав
дань дозволять сконцентрувати увагу на їх специфічних особливостях, визна
читися зі стратегіями їх виконання та відтренувати уміння й навички, що
полегшать і забезпечать правильність їх виконання.
УДК 37.016:811.111(075)
© Кузнецова О. Ю., Голубнича Л. О.,
Бесараб Т. П. та ін., укладання, 2020
© Оформлення. Видавництво «Право»,
ISBN 978-966-998-017-5 2020
Зміст
Передмова........................................................................................................... 4
ЧАСТИНА ПЕРША:
РОЗВИТОК КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТЕЙ
Завдання 1........................................................................................................... 6
Завдання 2......................................................................................................... 11
Завдання 3......................................................................................................... 16
Завдання 4......................................................................................................... 21
Завдання 5......................................................................................................... 25
Завдання 6......................................................................................................... 29
Відповіді для самоперевірки до І частини................................................ 33
ЧАСТИНА ДРУГА:
ТРЕНУВАЛЬНІ ТЕСТИ
Тест 1 . .............................................................................................................. 34
Тест 2 . .............................................................................................................. 46
Тест 3 . .............................................................................................................. 58
Тест 4 . .............................................................................................................. 68
Тест 5 . .............................................................................................................. 79
Тест 6 . .............................................................................................................. 90
Тест 7 . ............................................................................................................ 101
Тест 8 . ............................................................................................................ 114
Тест 9 . ............................................................................................................ 125
Тест 10 . .......................................................................................................... 136
Відповіді для самоперевірки до ІІ частини............................................. 147

Перелік корисних посилань....................................................................... 151
Перелік слів рекомендований МОН України......................................... 152
Список джерел.............................................................................................. 195
ПЕРЕДМОВА
Посібник укладено згідно з Програмою єдиного вступного іспиту

з іноземних мов, затвердженою МОН України. Навчальний посібник до
зволить підготуватися до виконання завдань на визначення рівня сформо
ваності іншомовної компетентності в читанні та встановлення рівня лек
сико-граматичних компетентностей кандидатів. Його використання спри
ятиме підвищенню рівня іншомовної компетенції, досягнутої попередньо,
та формуванню навичок виконання відповідних тестових завдань.
Структурно посібник складається з 2-х частин.
У першій частині запропоновано методичні рекомендації до виконан
ня кожного типу завдань і тренувальні вправи для їх опрацювання. Мето
дичні рекомендації дозволяють сконцентрувати увагу на специфічних
особливостях кожного з завдань, що пропонуються, визначитися зі стра
тегіями їх виконання та відтренувати уміння й навички, що полегшать й
забезпечать правильність їх виконання.
У другій частині представлено 10 тренувальних тестів у форматі ЄВІ.
Кожний тест складається з двох частин. Частина «Читання» містить 22 за
вдання. Частина «Використання мови» включає 20 завдань. Кожне завдан
ня складається з інструкції, текстової інформації і запитань або тверджень
до неї.
Навчальний посібник містить відповіді до всіх запропонованих тестів,
що дозволяє його використовувати при самостійній підготовці до складан
ня іспиту.
Для створення тестових завдань використано автентичні тексти з дру
кованих періодичних видань, інтернет-видань, інформаційно-довідкових
і рекламних буклетів, художньої літератури. Відібрані тексти охоплюють
усі теми сфер спілкування (особистісна, публічна, освітня), визначені
у програмі ЄВІ, що дозволяє розширити й активізувати обсяг лексичного
запасу кандидатів і підвищити рівень їх лексичної іншомовної компетент
ності.
У посібнику також представлено список корисних посилань для по
дальшої самопідготовки та орієнтовний перелік лексичних одиниць, ви
значений як лексичний мінімум для вступника (орієнтовно 2500 одиниць),
який було рекомендовано Міністерством Освіти і Науки України.
Програма Єдиного Вступного Іспиту визначає, що завдання ЄВІ для
встановлення рівня сформованості іншомовної компетентності в читанні
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зорієнтовані на перевірку здатності розуміння основної інформації (озна
йомлювальне читання), повної інформації (вивчальне читання) та пошуку
окремих фактів (вибіркове читання).
При оцінювання враховується уміння кандидатів розуміти прочитаний
текст, виокремлювати ключову інформацію, узагальнювати зміст прочи
таного, робити висновки на основі прочитаного.
Відповідно, ті, хто складають іспит, мають уміти:
• читати текст і визначати мету, ідею висловлення;
• читати (з повним розумінням) тексти, побудовані на знайомому
мовному матеріалі;
• читати та виокремлювати необхідні деталі з текстів різних типів
і жанрів;
• диференціювати основні факти та другорядну інформацію;
• розрізняти фактичну інформацію та враження;
• розуміти точки зору авторів текстів;
• працювати з різножанровими текстами;
• переглядати текст або серію текстів з метою пошуку необхідної ін
формації для виконання певного завдання;
• визначати структуру тексту й розпізнавати логічні зв’язки між його
частинами;
• встановлювати значення незнайомих слів на основі здогадки, схо
жості з рідною мовою, пояснень у коментарі.
Форми завдань включають: завдання множинного вибору до тексту
(вибір однієї правильної відповіді з чотирьох); завдання множинного ви
бору на заповнення пропусків у тексті.
Завдання щодо визначення якості засвоєння лексичного і граматично
го матеріалу й встановлення рівня сформованості відповідних компетент
ностей спрямовані на з’ясування якості володіння необхідним запасом
словникового складу та граматичного матеріалу, здатності аналізувати
і зіставляти інформацію, добирати синоніми, фразові дієслова, розуміти
значення слів відповідно до контексту, розуміти логічні зв’язки між час
тинами тексту.
Форми завдань включають завдання на вибір однієї правильної відпо
віді та на заповнення пропусків у тексті.
Представлені у посібнику тренувальні вправи і тести повністю відпо
відають програмі ЄВІ і дозволяють якісно підготуватися до його складання.
5
ЧАСТИНА ПЕРША
РОЗВИТОК
КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТЕЙ
Загальні рекомендації
– You have to be well aware of the structure of the test;

– You have to remember about time management. The time limit is 1
hour: six tasks should be completed in 50–55 minutes as you need some
time to transfer your answers to the answer sheet;
– Don’t read every text in detail. Use Skimming and Scanning tech
niques instead;
– Beware of distractors! They look like the words in the text, how
ever they are used in a different context;
– Underline the key words. They’ll help you to come up with the cor
rect answer.
6
Рекомендації до першого завдання
• Pay attention to the title.

• Look through the text to understand what the text deals with.
• Read the options, identify the key words and underline them.
• Match each option with the relevant part of the text.
• Looking for the correct answer, check every option.
• Remember that three options are extra.
• Beware of distractors. The lexical units used in the options will dif
fer from those used in the text to express the same fact or idea.
Read the text below. Match choices (A–H) to (1–5). There are three
choices you do not need to use. Write your answers on the separate
sheet.
READING EFFICIENTLY BY READING INTELLIGENTLY
Good reading strategies help you to read in a very efficient way. Using
them, you aim to get the maximum benefit from your reading with the
minimum effort. This section will show you how to use different strategies
to read intelligently.
1.______________________
The first thing to ask yourself is: Why you are reading the text? Are
you reading with a purpose or just for pleasure? What do you want to know
after reading it?
Once you know this, you can examine the text to see whether it is go
ing to move you towards this goal. An easy way of doing this is to look at
the introduction and the chapter headings. The introduction should let you
know at whom the book is targeted, and what it seeks to achieve. Chapter
headings will give you an overall view of the structure of the subject.
Ask yourself whether the book meets your needs. Ask yourself if it
assumes too much or too little knowledge. If the book isn’t ideal, would
it be better to find a better one?
7
2.______________________
Where you only need the shallowest knowledge of the subject, you
can skim material. Here you read only chapter headings, introductions and
summaries. If you need a moderate level of information on a subject, then
you can scan the text. Here you read the chapter introductions and sum
maries in detail. Only when you need detailed knowledge of a subject it
is worth studying the text. Here it is best to skim the material first to get
an overview of the subject. This gives you an understanding of its structure,
into which you can fit the detail gained from a full, receptive reading of
the material.
3.______________________
When you are reading a text in detail, it often helps if you highlight,
underline and annotate it as you go on. This emphasizes information
in your mind, and helps you to review important points later. Doing
this also helps to keep your mind focused on the material and stops it
wandering.
This is obviously only something to do if you own the book, or it may
be worth photocopying information in more expensive texts. You can then
read and mark the photocopies.
4.______________________
Different texts present information in different ways. They have dif
ferent depths and breadths of coverage. By understanding the layout of the
text you are reading, you can extract useful information much more effi
ciently.
5.______________________
If you are reading large amounts of difficult technical material, it may
be useful to photocopy or compile a word list. Keep this beside you as you
read. It will probably also be useful to note down the key concepts in your
own words, and refer to them when necessary.
(Adapted from: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/austincc-

learningframeworks/chapter/chapter-12-active-reading-strategies/)
8
A Active Reading
B Reading ‘whole subject’ documents
C Knowing what you want to know
D Understanding how to extract information from different article
types
E Using the table of contents for reading magazines and newspapers.
F Knowing how deeply to study the material
G How to study different sorts of material
H Using glossaries with special texts
Read the text below. Match choices (A–H) to (6–10). There are
three choices you do not need to use. Write your answers on the
separate sheet.
WORLD’S FIRST “LIVING MACHINES”
What happens when you take cells from frog embryos and grow them
into new organisms that were “evolved” by algorithms? You get something
that researchers are calling the world’s first “living machine”.
6.___________________
Though the original stem cells came from frogs, these so-called xeno
bots don’t resemble any known amphibians. The tiny blobs measure only
0.04 inches (1 millimeter) wide and are made of living tissue that biologists
assembled into bodies designed by computer models, according to a new
study. These mobile organisms can move independently and collectively,
can self-heal wounds and survive for weeks at a time, and could poten
tially be used to transport medicines inside a patient’s body.
7.___________________
“They are neither a traditional robot nor a known species of animal”,
study co-author Joshua Bongard, a computer scientist and robotics expert
at the University of Vermont, said in a statement. “It’s a new class of arti
fact: a living, programmable organism”.
9
8.____________________
Algorithms shaped the evolution of the xenobots. “They grew from
skin and heart stem cells into tissue clumps of several hundred cells that
moved in pulses generated by heart muscle tissue”, said lead study author
Sam Kriegman, a doctoral candidate studying evolutionary robotics in the
University of Vermont’s Department of Computer Science, in Burlington.
9.____________________
The study authors then pieced stem cells together to form self-powered
3D shapes designed by the evolution algorithm. Skin cells held the xenobots
together, and the beating of heart tissue in specific parts of their “bodies”
propelled the bots through water in a petri dish for days, and even weeks at
a stretch, without needing additional nutrients, according to the study. The
“bots were even able to repair significant damage”, said Kriegman.
10.___________________
Creations that blur the line between robots and living organisms are
popular subjects in science fiction. “The prospect of so-called living robots
and using technology to create living organisms understandably raises
concerns for some”, said Levin. That fear is not unreasonable. When we
start to mess around with complex systems that we don’t understand, we’re
going to get unintended consequences. If humanity is going to survive into
the future, we need to better understand how complex properties, somehow,
emerge from simple rules.
(Adapted from: https://www.livescience.com/

frogbots-living-robots.html)
A Threat of living robots

B Awareness of some essential things
C The behaviour of the tiny organisms
D Description of the experiment carried out with xenobots
E The uniqueness of xenobots
F Discovery of tiny machines
G Xenobots are similar to some amphibians
H The growth and development of living machines
10
Рекомендації до другого завдання
• Pay attention to the title if there is any.

• Read the text (skim it) to get to know what it deals with.
• Don’t worry if you don’t understand every word.
• Read the questions carefully and underline the key words.
• Usually the questions follow the order of the text.
• After reading each question, find the part of the text where the answer is.
• The structure of the question often helps to decide where in the text
to look for the answer. Besides, you can mark in the text the number of the
question the particular information refers to.
• Read the part of the text the question refers to more carefully (scan it).
• You can cross out the options which you believe are certainly wrong.
• Find the option which best answers the question you are working at
according to what you have read in the text.
• Remember that some questions may contain three correct options.
The only option that is not reflected in the text or contradicts it is the cor
rect one in this case.
Read the text below. For questions (1–5) choose the correct answer
(A, B, C, D). Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.
THE TOWN OF RICHMOND, ENGLAND
This town in Surrey or Greater London is known today as Richmond.

It got its name from the Earl of Richmond Yorkshire in 1501, the father of
Henry VII who visited Richmond. Before then, Richmond in Surrey was
known as The Vale of Shene. Richmond Park was known as Shene Chase.
Richmond Palace on the edge of Old Palace Lane has been home to some
of the Royal Family. Henry VII passed away at Richmond Palace in 1509
and his son Henry VIII came to the throne after Henry VII’s death, and he
visited Richmond too and came to Richmond Park known as Shene Chase
11
then as Richmond Park as it is now did not take its name until Charles I
was around in the following century. Henry VIII had his hunting ground
in Richmond Park.
More recently Richmond has had Royal Family connections. Half a
century ago Queen Elizabeth and George VI were married at St Peter’s
Church in 1923 and were known as the Duke and Duchess of York. They
had their residence at White Lodge in Richmond Park. Richmond Bridge
is over two hundred years old now as it was constructed in 1777 under
William Windham. The bridge celebrated its 200th anniversary in 1977,
the same year as the present Queen’s Silver Jubilee.
Richmond Town Hall was built over a century ago in 1893 under Sir
John Whittaker Ellis, three years after the town had got its charter in 1890.
Richmond Town Hall got bombed during the second world war in 1940.
It was rebuilt after the war and visited by Queen Elizabeth in December
1952.
One place of all which is good to mention is the Royal British Legion
Poppy Factory up Richmond Hill. The Poppy Factory was founded in
1922 by Major George Howson to give men who were disabled from the
great war of 1914 – 1918 some form of employment who otherwise might
not have had work due to being disabled from the war. The Poppy Fac
tory makes poppies for Remembrance Sunday celebrated on the second
Sunday in November when the first and the second world wars are re
membered.
(Adapted from: https://www.richmond.org/

archives/richmonds-of-the-world/)
1. The text primarily focuses on...

A. royal dynasties in Richmond.
B. history of Richmond.
C. people of Richmond.
D. Richmond’s architecture.
2. Who gave Richmond its present name?
A. Henry VII.
B. Henry VII’s father.
12
C. Henry VII’s son.
D. Earl Henry.
3. Which of the following landmarks celebrated its 200th anniversary
the same year as the present Queen’s Silver Jubilee?
A. Richmond Palace.
B. Old Palace Lane.
C. Shene Chase.
D. Richmond Bridge.
4. What building of Richmond was destroyed during the second
world war?
A. Richmond Town Hall.
B. Richmond Palace.
C. Shene Chase.
D. White Lodge.
5. What was the reason for founding the Poppy Factory?
A. Job creation.
B. Celebration of Poppy Day.
C. Remembering about the World War I.
D. Giving money for charity.
(A, B, C, D). Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.
GLOOMY VAN GOGH SELF-PORTRAIT

IN OSLO GALLERY CONFIRMED AUTHENTIC
After decades of doubt, a gloomy self-portrait has been authenticated

as a genuine work by Vincent van Gogh and the only known work painted
while he had psychosis. Self-Portrait (1889) has been in Norway’s na
tional collection since 1910 but its authenticity has been openly questioned
since 1970. On Monday, the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam announced
it was “unmistakably” a work by the artist.
13
In the portrait, dated August 1889, the artist’s expression is lifeless and
the image is dominated by a dreary and downbeat greenish-brown tone.
“The Oslo self-portrait depicts someone who is mentally ill,” the museum
said. “His timid, sideways glance is easily recognisable and is often found
in patients suffering from depression and psychosis.”
Van Gogh admitted himself to a small asylum in Saint-Rémy, France,
in May 1889 and was struck down by a severe psychotic episode in July
that lasted for a month and a half. The Nasjonalmuseet in Oslo purchased
the painting in 1910, making it – in theory – the first Van Gogh self-portrait
to enter a public collection. But because of an incomplete provenance and
questions over its style and use of colour, some experts doubted its au
thenticity.
One reason for previous doubts about the work’s authenticity was Van
Gogh’s use of a palette knife to flatten parts of the painting, thought to be
unusual. “It’s not,” said Van Tilborgh. “He uses it often and there is an
other picture where he has used it to suppress the liveliness of the surface,
it’s only strange that he has used it for the face.”
Van Tilborgh believes the artist was trying to deliberately drain the life
from the portrait and that reflected his state of mind. “He attached much
more value to getting something which was intensely expressive,” he said.
“This is not the best picture that Van Gogh made but I have grown
quite fond of it. He says later on somewhere that his paintings were some
times a cry of anguish. It belongs to a small group of pictures that show
something of his mental health problem and how he dealt with it, or tried
to deal with it.”
Van Gogh would have been looking in a mirror as he was painting so
the ear in view is his right one, not the one he famously severed with a
razor blade in December 1888. The ear in the Oslo painting is vague and
presumably deliberately so.
(Adapted from: https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/

2020/jan/20/van-gogh-self-portrait-authentic-psychosis)
6. What was the doubt of self-portrait by Van Gogh about?

A. If it is real.
B. Whether Van Gogh painted it being mentally ill.
14
C. If Van Gogh is a real author of the painting.
D. Whether self-portrait is a genial work.
7. What does self-portrait reveal?
A. It depicts Van Gogh’s gloomy mood.
B. It shows how the painter suffered.
C. It has proven Van Gogh’s insanity.
D. It depicts average people who have mental breakdown.
8. What does the phrase “admitted himself to” mean in the third
paragraph?
A. The painter was put to an asylum.
B. Van Gogh decided to go to hospital on his own.
C. He accepted that he needed some help.
D. The painter made himself cure his illness.
9. Why did some experts bring the self-portrait into question?
A. Because Van Gogh used unusual colours.
B. Because the painting was too lively.
C. Because Van Gogh used atypical tools to paint.
D. Because the painter applied his painting manner to depict a por
trait.
10. What was the painter’s motive of depicting his self-portrait, ac
cording to Van Tilborgh?
A. He tried to realize his current mental condition.
B. He sought to express strong feelings.
C. He struggled to avoid his suffering.
D. He cried for some help.
15
Рекомендації до третього завдання
• You don’t need to read the whole text first.

• Pay attention to the title/titles if there is/are any.
• Read the options, identify the key words and underline them.
• Read the text and find the information you need. Try to determine
the word, the group of words or the sentence that contains/contain the
information you need.
• When you find the relevant part of the text, read it carefully.
• Match each option with the relevant part of the text.
• Doing the task check every option.
• Remember that two options are extra.
Read the text below. Match choices (A–H) to (1–6). There are two
sheet.
BRITAIN’S MOST UNUSUAL JOBS
A team of experts have uncovered the most bizarre roles in Britain,

many of which have existed for hundreds of years. The top 5 most un
usual jobs according to British adults were the following:
1.__________________
Golf Ball Diver
If you enjoy scuba diving and being outdoors, then you are a perfect
candidate for this unusual job. Golf ball divers are responsible for collect
ing all the golf balls from the bottom of ponds on courses. Sounds easy
and enjoyable! Well, the truth is that many ponds are not well taken care of,
and you can find a lot of nasty mud, algae, and even snakes down there.
Gross.
16
2.__________________
Raven Master
Chris Skaife serves as the Raven Master at the Tower of London and
his main duty involves caring for the eight resident ravens. Legend says
that ‘the kingdom and the Tower will fall if the ravens ever leave the for
tress, so it is an extremely critical position.
Work starts as early as 7am for breakfast; the birds eat about 170 g of
raw meat a day. Work finishes after dark, with a secret whistle calling the
birds to bed.
3.__________________
London Dungeons Actor
Lucy Garson and Mike Swain are among the 50 actors who work at
the London Dungeon. They can entertain up to 4,000 people a day and
their purpose is to make sure each performance is a memorable experience
for every audience. Providing ‘scary fun’ is a major part of their job.
Actors often have to work weekends and long hours, starting at 9:30am
and can have to work up to 8pm.
4.__________________
The Queen’s Swan Marker
David Barber was appointed the Swan Marker in 1993 and is respon
sible for all of the swans throughout the UK. His main duty involves the
organisation of the annual event of Swan Upping on the River Thames.
Other duties include educating young people and working with other or
ganisations to monitor the health of the swan population.
5.__________________
Professional Wing Walker
Richard Pickin is a professional Wing Walker at Aerobatic Tactics.
This company is the only one in the UK with permission from the Civil
Aviation Authority to legally offer wing walking experience flights to
people. Wing walking involves moving on the wings of an airplane dur
ing flight and has been seen in air shows and barnstorming since the
1920s.
17
6.__________________
Queens Piper
Being a Queens piper involves playing the bagpipes for 15 minutes at
9 am under the Queen’s window when she is in residence at Buckingham
Palace, Windsor Castle, the Palace of Holyroodhouse or Balmoral Castle.
Which of the jobs corresponds to the following description?
A This is not an ideal career for those who fear flying or heights.
B You should be able to play a particular musical instrument.
C People of that profession start their day very early.
D One of his responsibilities is to organize an event that happens once
a year.
E They have to have good performing skills in order to entertain the
public properly.
F One should be physically fit to perform his duties.
G You need to combine at least two different skills.
H Business trips are a part of his job.
Read the text below. Match choices (A–H) to (7–12). There two
choices you don’t need to use. Write your answers on the separate
sheet.
CHINESE CITIES CRACKED DOWN

ON CHRISTMAS CELEBRATIONS
Chinese authorities are cracking down on Christmas. Several cities,

schools, and government institutions have ordered citizens not to celebrate
the holiday and to instead focus on promoting traditional Chinese culture.
7.__________________
In the northern city of Langfang in Hebei province, city officials or
dered all Christmas decorations to be cleared and forbade shops from
18
selling Christmas-themed goods. Officials said the measure was aimed at
“maintaining stability” and controlling street hawkers.
8._________________
In Changsha, in central Hunan province, the education bureau last
week issued a directive to schools not to celebrate “western festivals” such
as Christmas, including putting up decorations, posting related messages
or exchanging gifts. At least four Chinese cities and one county have issued
a ban on Christmas decorations, according to Associated Press.
9._________________
Chinese citizens are allowed to practise any of the five religions offi
cially recognised by the government, which includes Protestantism and
Catholicism. However, religious activities outside of officially sanctioned
institutions is banned.
10.________________
Observers say the restrictions are less about an attack on Christianity
and more about how local governments are interpreting a directive from
the ruling Communist party to promote traditional Chinese culture. The
Chinese Communist party is officially atheist and, over the past year, has
emphasised the need for party cadres to abandon religious attachments.
11.__________________
“Many other countries have already accepted China’s spring festival,
which is reported in China as a victory of cultural export. By that logic,
there should be no problem with Christmas in China,” Wuyue Sanren, a
popular Chinese commentator, wrote online, referring to China’s new year
celebration.
12.__________________
“It’s an issue of cultural confidence. As long as we are confident about
our culture, we won’t be be afraid of your ‘western festivals’. If it’s fun,
we’ll accept it,” he wrote.
For many in China, Christmas has little to do with religion. In Beijing,
shopping centres were still decorated with Christmas decorations on
19
Christmas Eve. As in western countries, the holiday is also a shopping
event, with discounts on games, makeup and other goods.
(Adapted from: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/dec/24/

china-cracks-down-on-christmas-celebrations)
Which of the following describes__________________?
A Christmas shopping in China

B The official version of ban
C A governmental order for educational establishments
D Misapprehension of bans by local authorities
E Influence of a Chinese holiday on other cultures
F Difference of Chinese Christmas from traditional one
G A controversial policy of the Chinese government
H Traditional religious practice in China
20
Рекомендації до четвертого завдання
• Read the task and the title if there is any.

• You don’t need to read the whole text first.
• Read through the text (skim it) for general understanding.
• Read the options.
• Read carefully the sentences before and after the part you have to
insert.
• The sentences have to be logically connected.
• Check every option that seems grammatically correct in the given
case.
• Pay attention to the word order, linking words (also, even though,
on, so) and the words that contrast the ideas (however, although).
• Take care of the sentence structure. Remember that the sentences
have to be grammatically correct.
• Don’t forget about the punctuation.
• After you have chosen the option that you believe is correct, check
again if it suits both logically and grammatically.
Read the text below. Choose from (A–H) the one that best fits each
space (1–6). There are two choices you don’t need to use. Write
your answers on the separate answer sheet.
The team, led by researchers from the University of Melbourne, was

studying (1)____________________ their temperature. For decades
people thought that koalas clung to trees simply because they were tired
and wanted somewhere to nap.
However scientists have unlocked that koalas hug trees (2)________
____________ and avoid dehydration during hot Australian summer.
In a study published in the Royal Society journal Biology Letters,
scientists used thermal cameras to reveal that (3)____________________
was hot, the animals moved to the lower, cooler parts of the trees. They
also pressed their bodies even closer to the trunks.
21
Natalie Briscoe, the researcher from Melbourne University, said there
is a five-degree difference in temperature (4)____________________.
Koalas utilize the cooler surface by spreading themselves out on large
branches or by hugging the trunk. Ms Briscoe said: “Access to these trees
(5)____________________ a koala would need to keep cool on a hot day”.
She said the trees are probably cooler because of the water they suck
up from the ground. The koala’s cooling technique could be one way for
humans (6)____________________.
(Adapted from: https://breakingnewsenglish.com/

1406/140606-koalas.html)
A between a tree trunk and the air

B around the tree trunk
C that the koalas sat upright
D in order to keep cool
E to survive increasingly hot summers
F can save about half the water
G how koalas regulated
H when the weather
Read the text below. Choose from (A–H) the one which best fits
each space (7–12). There are two choices you do not need to use.
Write your answers on the separate sheet.
THREE ANSWERS TO PARENTS

ABOUT THE AVID PROGRAM
High schools across the country are offering an elective class that
advocates say gives middle-of-the-road students extra support as they
prepare for college.
AVID, which (7)________________, is a non-profit college-readiness
program designed to help students develop the skills they need to be suc
22
cessful in college. The program places special emphasis (8)__________
______, critical thinking, teamwork, organization and reading skills.
Students in the class usually take it throughout their high school career,
and with the same group of students. AVID is offered as an elective, though
some districts have adapted its strategies across the school system.
“We have put an emphasis on using AVID instructional strategies.
AVID outlines a set of research strategies that align with best practices
and current research for providing instruction across all content areas,”
says Adam Swinyard, associate superintendent for teaching and learning
at Spokane Public Schools. “All of our schools have put an emphasis on
that, as well as an emphasis that AVID utilizes around college and career
readiness, awareness, exploration and building the aspirations of stu
dents.”
The best students for the class are usually the B or C students who
(9)___________, Johnston says. “All students are eligible to enroll in the
AVID elective. However, what we have found over our 40 years is that
those students who benefit the most are in the academic middle.”
What we really look for is the kids who will be the first in their fam
ily to get into a four-year university. And that’s not an absolute, but
(10)___________ our AVID kids are going to be first-generation college-
going,” Wyborney says.
Students generally begin the AVID class during ninth or 10th grade,
Johnston says, because it takes a couple of years for the methods taught
in the class to be effective. All go through an extensive application process,
(11)_______________.
The curriculum focuses on building skills and developing behaviors
that lead to success.
“AVID teaches kids how to do school,” Johnston says.
Students learn skills like note-taking reading and writing strategies,
and how (12) __________ and work in groups. They can then practice
those skills in more challenging courses, such as honors and Advanced
Placement classes, that they may be required to take.
(Adapted from: https://www.usnews.com/education/

blogs/high-school-notes/2015/02/09/3-answers-
for-high-school-parents-about-avid-classes)
23
A stands for Advancement Via Individual Determination
B on growing writing
C have shown potential
D the majority of
E and entrance examinations
F finished school
G which includes an interview
H to interact with peers
Рекомендації до п’ятого завдання
• Read the text and the title if there is any for general understanding.
• To choose the correct option analyse if it fits the context.
• Check the words before and after the gap. Some words can only be
used with certain prepositions, and some words are parts of set phrases or
phrasal words.
• Some options may look similar, but only one of them is semanti
cally correct in the given context.
• Having finished the task read through the text again and make sure
that the text makes the complete sense with your answers in place.
(A, B, C or D). Write your answers on the separate sheet.
Winchester is England’s ancient capital and (1)_________________

seat of King Alfred the Great. Today, Winchester combines the best of city
life with the freshness of the surrounding (2)_________________.
One hour (3)_________________ London, and this is England as
it ought to be. Winchester is best (4)___________________ for its
11th-century cathedral and for the Great Hall, which for over 600 years
has housed the mysterious Arthurian round table. (5)___________________
to the Cathedral is the fascinating ruin of Wolvesey Castle: Queen Mary
and Philip of Spain had their wedding breakfast there in 1554, and today
it (6)___________________ a popular wedding place.
Winchester College is (7)___________________ to be the oldest
continuously running school in the country, while the Hospital of St Cross
(8)___________________ offers help to travellers as it has done for more
than eight centuries.
Home of good food, (9)___________________ of cricket, resting place
of author Jane Austen and inspiration to the many craft-makers and artists
(10)___________________ live here, Winchester is truly a destination for
all seasons.
25
(Adapted from: https://www.visit-hampshire.co.uk/
explore/winchester-p196641)
1 A formal B former C form D formation

2 A town B capital C picturesque D countryside
3 A on B at C to D from
4 A known B popular C admire D fashionable
5 A Behind B In front C Next D Until
6 A reminds B replaces C remains D revises
7 A suppose B believed C reference D convinced
8 A yet B even C as soon D still
9 A birthplace B birthday C birthmark D birth
10 A who B when C where D why
Read the text below. For questions (11–20) choose the correct
answer (A, B, C or D). Write your answers on the separate sheet.
VR CINEMA IS HERE – AND AUDIENCES

ARE IN THE DRIVER’S SEAT
A new kind of cinema has arrived in a (11)____________ of Mel

bourne. 12 comfy swivel chairs let the audience explore 360 degrees,
visible through their headsets. This is proper virtual reality cinema, fi
nally realised.
VR cinema has been a long-promised yet undelivered tease for
cinephiles. The nascent boom in VR experimentation in the (12)_______
____ 1990s was held back for decades by, among other issues, the techni
cal limitations of creating media for this new form. In recent years, these
have largely been overcome.
But what kind of cinema will emerge? Probably not traditional narra
tive productions: filmmakers must (13)_____________ up with new sto
rytelling techniques to account for a technology that explodes the frame,
placing the spectator inside the space of the film.
26
To explain briefly, VR cinema is filmed on a static camera that can
record in 360 degrees. The unlimited perspectives of this camera
(14)___________ a user wearing a headset to rotate and look at the com
plete 360 degrees, including along the vertical axis.
For a filmmaker, there are now new issues around such basic tech
niques as montage. Directors can no (15)______________ cut rapidly from
image to image, compressing time and space. Audiences literally edit the
film for themselves, by choosing what to look at and when.
The placement of those watching inside the space of the film prompts
many VR filmmakers to directly address the viewer, as (16)_____________
a character or a kind of objective camera in the world of the narrative.
This complete (17)_______________ of the “fourth wall” has tremen
dous implications for conventional cinematic storytelling. As directors
grapple with newly available technology, audiences can perhaps expect to
see more films that create “experiences” rather than “narratives”. One
group of filmmakers, the Oculus Story Studio, has recommended that VR
cinema should “let go” of trying to direct viewers’ gaze, to avoid storytell
ing that feels “forced, staged and (18)_____________.”Where many
early VR projects were inclined to attempt to (19)__________ spectators’
attention to one particular part of the 360 degree world, more contemporary
projects have embraced its unique facility for immersion and interactivity.
Perhaps the most powerful potential of this “empathy machine” is the
possibility for cinematic projects that are able to respond to and react to
the viewer’s choices. Virtual reality will probably not replace conven
tional cinema. But it will create a whole new area of film that is less
(20)____________ about constructing a story in images. Instead, perhaps,
it will be a realm where artists can immerse us inside imagined worlds in
a whole new way.
(Adapted from: https://www.independent.co.uk/

arts-entertainment/films/features/vr-cinema-is-here-and-
audiences-are-in-the-drivers-seat-a7505236.html)
11 А suburb В village С countryside D town

12 А beginning В early С start D outbreak
13 А come В deal С break D make
27
14 А afford В let С permit D allow
15 А further В longer С along D next
16 А and В or С either D both
17 А demolition В destruction С breakdown D distortion
18 А synthetic В simulated С false D artificial
19 А take В attract С pay D draw
20 А concerned В anxious С interested D excited
Рекомендації до шостого завдання
• Read the text for general understanding.

• The task is focused on grammar.
• Some options may look similar, but only one of them is grammati
cally correct in the given context. For example, nouns have singular and
plural forms.
• Check the words before and after the gap.
• Decide which word fits each gap. Look out for fixed expressions and
dependent prepositions after certain words.
• Take care of the sentence structure.
• Choosing certain tense or voice form pay attention to specific lexical
markers.
Text 1
Thomas Edison (1)_______________ two thousand different materi

als in search of a filament for the light bulb. When (2)_______________
worked satisfactorily, his assistant complained, “All our work is in vain.
We (3)_______________ nothing.”
Edison replied very (4)_______________, “Oh, we have come a long
way and we have learned a lot. We know that there are two thousand ele
ments which we cannot (5)_______________ to make a good light bulb.”
1 A try B tried C has tried D was tried

2 A any B every C none D no
3 A learned B have learned C are learning D had learned
4 A confident B more confident C most confident D confidently
5 A use B to use C using D be use
29
Text 2
A lot of our behaviors, beliefs and emotions (6)_______________ by

factors we are unaware of. If you’re (7)_______________ a happy, opti
mistic, ambitious mood, check the weather. Sunny days make people
(8)_______________ and more helpful.
In a taste test, you’re (9)_______________ to have a strong preference
for the first sample you taste – even if all of the samples are identical. The
more often you see a person or an object, the more you’ll like it.
And what we think of as memories, we tell ourselves a new story each
time we recall (10)_______________ event.
6 A drive B are drive C are driving D are driven

7 A on B in C at D to
8 A happy B happier C happiest D the happy
9 A like B liking C likely D unlike
10 A a B an C the D zero article
HOW CLOSER CATALYSED UKRAINIAN ELECTRONICA
Closer is the (11)____________ celebrated nightclub in eastern Eu

rope’s feted scene, and Masquerade is one of its most anticipated nights
of the year. By mid-morning, the music downstairs becomes a kaleidoscope
of 90s US house, timeless Detroit techno and head-twisting acid via ultra-
intricate, psychedelic minimal house – styles that Closer helped popularise
in the Ukrainian capital.
Saturday nights such as this often have an open-ended finish, with the
DJs encouraged to go as (12)_____________ as the vibe holds. “But we
never finish when it’s empty,” says Basha. “If we finish on a high, people
say, “We want a bit more” and we say OK, come next time.”
30
Basha and Vova Klk spun at the first Closer party in a disused restau
rant in January 2012, which (13)______________ much more than a small
gathering for friends: 80 people came, and entrance was free to anyone
who clicked “attending” on Facebook. After a few more successful nights,
they found an old ribbon factory in Podil, (14)___________ they’ve stayed
for the last seven years. “Renting was quite cheap as nothing was here,”
says Basha. “No heating, no proper windows, no proper floor, no proper
walls. It was absolutely (15)__________. We had to do everything. This
is one of our favourite things to do: to come to an open space and invent
the idea.”
Today, the sprawling building encompasses an all-hours gallery, a
clothing shop, a tea garden, and a vegan and vegetarian restaurant where
guests refuel on the cheese-filled bread khachapuri, smoothies in hand.
(16)____________ the party gets even harder in the summer, when house
DJs lay down subtle grooves on Lesnoy Prichal, a sunny outdoor terrace
primed for tireless after-hours sessions.
The rest of the ecosystem comes (17)___________ during the week.
(18)__________ a team of artists prepares handmade installations for the
parties, vinyl geeks dig in the record shop (19)_________ by Shakolin.
There’s also a furniture shop, live music venue, theatre, tattoo studio and
radio station, while the club room doubles up as a space for jazz concerts,
exhibitions and lectures. “And we tell people who come to the parties about
the concerts, so they can get acquainted (20)___________ jazz. It’s an
educational process. It’s not a club – this is a cultural centre.” Basha says.
(Adapted from: https://www.theguardian.com/music/2020/jan/29/

we-impacted-this-how-closer-catalysed-ukrainian-electronica)
11 A most B more C much D many

12 A soon B long C fast D well
13 A wasn’t B haven’t been C isn’t D not been
14 A who B which C where D when
15 A misused B inusable C unusing D unusable
31
16 A Having left B Left C Leaving D Leave
17 A lived B living C live D alive
18 A When B While C Whereas D If
19 A governed B run C controlled D ruled
20 A with B to C without D in
Відповіді для самоперевірки
до І частини:
Task 1 Task 2
1С 6C 1B 6A
2F 7E 2B 7C
3A 8H 3D 8B
4G 9D 4A 9D
5H 10 B 5A 10 A
Task 3 Task 4
1F 7B 1G 7A
2C 8C 2D 8B
3E 9G 3H 9C
4D 10 D 4A 10 D
5A 11 E 5F 11 G
6B 12 F 6E 12 H
Task 5 Task 6
1B 11 A 1B 11 A
2D 12 B 2C 12 B
3D 13 A 3B 13 A
4A 14 D 4D 14 C
5C 15 B 5A 15 D
6C 16 C 6D 16 C
7B 17 C 7B 17 D
8D 18 D 8B 18 B
9A 19 D 9C 19 B
10 A 20 A 10 B 20 A
33
ЧАСТИНА ДРУГА
ТРЕНУВАЛЬНІ ТЕСТИ
• TEST 1
Частина «ЧИТАННЯ»
READING
Task 1
Read the text below. Match choices (A-H) to (1-5). There are three
sheet.
MORNING HABITS OF CELEBRITIES YOU CAN ADOPT

TO SET UP EACH DAY FOR A WIN
1.__________________
Former President Barack Obama may be considered an anomaly in the
modern world because he’s not a coffee drinker at all. Instead, to stay
hydrated and boost his metabolism, he usually drinks green tea, orange
juice, and plenty of water. Obama has 2 main rules concerning his morning
routine – never miss a workout and always eat breakfast. Apparently,
avoiding coffee in the morning doesn’t affect his energy level.
2.___________________
You’ve probably heard that most successful people are early birds, and
Jennifer Aniston is no exception here. Every work day, she gets up at 4:30
AM and immediately starts doing her morning rituals. As a part of her
morning routine, Jen washes her face with soap, drinks hot water with
lemon, then meditates for 20 minutes. Getting up early allows her to get a
head start on the day and have some quality time for herself before going
to work.
34
3.___________________
“Win the morning, win the day,” is Tim Ferris’s motto expressed in
one of his books. Ferris chooses to start his days by clearing both his room
and his mind, and that’s why he does the easiest but most annoying task
first: he makes his bed. This simple action gives him a feeling of pride and
accomplishment. Having done this, he can be sure that there is at least one
thing in his life that is absolutely under his control, and all the rest is not
worth worrying about.
4.___________________
Each morning Jobs looked in the mirror and asked himself the same
question: “If today was the last day of my life, would I want to do what
I’m doing today?” Whenever his answer was “no” for too many days in a
row, he was sure that he needed to change something in his life. This kind
of re-evaluation of his work and desires every single day helped him pur
sue his dreams without forgetting about his true self.
5.___________________
The benefits of meditation are well-known to many – it helps reduce
stress, improve productivity, boost creativity, and maintain general well-
being. That’s why Oprah Winfrey usually includes meditation in her daily
routine. Oprah starts each morning with 20 minutes of sitting meditation,
not skipping holidays and weekends. She says that sitting in stillness fills
her with hope, a sense of contentment, and deep joy.
(Adapted from: https://brightside.me/wonder-people/13-morning-

habits-of-celebrities-you-can-adopt-to-set-up-each-day-for-a-win-652060/)
A Remind yourself of your dreams

B Avoid coffee
C Spend time with your family
D Get up early
E Drink plenty of fluids
F Find time to meditate
G Accomplish small goals
H Maintain well-being
35
Task 2
Read the text below. For questions (6-10) choose the correct answer
WHY MAGICIANS HAVE THE MOST REWARDING JOB

IN THE WORLD
I became a magician by accident. When I was nine years old, I learned

how to make a coin disappear. I’d read The Lord of the Rings and dared
into the adult section of the library to search for a book of spells – nine
being that curious age at which you’re old enough to work through more
than 1,200 pages of arcane fantasy literature but young enough to still hold
out hope that you might find a book of real, actual magic in the library.
The book I found instead taught basic sleight-of-hand technique, and I
dedicated the next months to practice.
At first the magic wasn’t any good. At first it wasn’t even magic; it
was just a trick– a bad trick. I spent hours each day in the bathroom run
ning through the secret moves in front of the mirror. I dropped the coin
over and over, a thousand times in a day, and after two weeks of this my
mom got a carpet sample from the hardware store and placed it under the
mirror to muffle the sound of the coin falling again and again. But one day
I tried the illusion in the mirror and the coin vanished. It did not look like
a magic trick. It looked like a miracle.
One of the lessons you learn very early on as a magician is that the
most amazing part of a trick has nothing to do with the secret. The secret
is simple and often dull: a hidden piece of tape, a small mirror, a duplicate
playing card. In this case, the secret was a series of covert manoeuvres to
hide the coin behind my hand in the act of opening it, a dance of the fingers
that I learned so completely I didn’t even have to think. I would close my
hand, and then open it, and the coin would vanish not by skill but by real
magic.
One day I made the coin vanish on the playground. We had been play
ing football and were standing by the backstop in the field behind the
36
school. A dozen people were watching. I showed the coin to everyone.
Then it disappeared. The kids screamed. They yelled, laughed, scrambled
away. Everyone went crazy. This was great. This was Bilbo Baggins from
The Lord of the Rings terrifying the guests at his birthday party by putting
the One Ring on his finger and vanishing. If you could make people feel
like this, why wouldn’t you do it all the time? For anyone – but especially
for a nine-year-old boy at a new school – this transformation is almost
indistinguishable from real magic.
The gulf between wanting to become a great magician and actually
doing it is enormous; however, I am living proof, though, that if you throw
enough time and effort at something – maybe even anything – you can
become good at it. I found inspiration in a quote attributed to Houdini:
“The real secret to my success is simple: I work from seven in the morning
to midnight and I like it.” This quote lived on a scrap of paper stuck to the
wall by my bed for ten years. I had hit Malcolm Gladwell’s 10,000 hours
of dedicated practice by the time I turned 22, and he’s right – I got pretty
good.
(Adapted from: https://www.rd.com/true-stories/

inspiring/magicians-most-rewarding-job/)
6. What can we assume from the passage?

A. The boy was old enough to work.
B. The boy was fond of fantasy literature.
C. The boy found a book of real magic.
D. The boy worked a lot to develop sleight-of-hand technique.
7. What does pronoun It in the twelfth line mean?
A. a magic trick
B. the coin disappearing
C. a miracle
D. the illusion in the mirror
8. What is NOT true according to the text?
A. All magic tricks depend on well trained skills.
B. The most amazing trick has rather simple underground.
C. The boy’s finger skills were perfect.
D. The coin disappeared by real magic.
37
9. What happened on the playground?
A. The children playing football disappeared.
B. The boy managed to reach his high point.
C. Everybody got crazy.
D. Bilbo Baggins from The Lord of the Rings terrified the children.
10. What was the reason of the author’s success?
A. He found Houdini’s quote.
B. He worked from seven in the morning to midnight.
C. He practiced more then 10,000 hours.
D. He hit Malcolm Gladwell.
Task 3
two choices you do not need to use. Write your answers on the
separate sheet.
CELEBRITY HOMES: THE MOST LUXURIOUS

HOUSES OF THE RICH AND FAMOUS
We all know what it’s like to be at home – but what would it be like
to live in the homes of celebrities?
11.__________________
Celine Dion’s regal estate
Size: 20,000 sq ft
Location: Jupiter Island, Florida
Price: Sold for US$28 million in 2017
Highlights: Glass walls, 13 bedrooms and 14 bathrooms are not the
most defining elements of the Bahamian-inspired mansion. The massive
water park fits into our imagination of what a celebrity house should look
like. Requiring 500,000 gallons of water, the pool system contains two
swimming pools, two water slides, a river, water cannons and a tree house.
38
12.___________________
Taylor Swift’s mansion
Size: 10,982 sq ft
Location: Beverly Hills, California
Price: It cost Taylor Swift US$25 million in 2015
Highlights: The former estate of Samuel Goldwyn, founder of the
famous Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, the house dates back to 1934. It is in the
same neighbourhood as Hollywood legends Clark Gable and Charlie
Chaplin. The house was a location for the 1947 Oscar-winning film, The
Best Years of Our Lives.
13.___________________
Marilyn Monroe’ house
Size: 2,624 sq ft
Location: Brentwood, Los Angeles
Price: Sold in 2017 for US$7.25 million
Highlights: What kind of house would convince the American bomb
shell to buy it months before she took her own life? The fact that it is the
only house Monroe ever bought is enough of an attraction for some. The
house remains intact, as does the famous kidney-shaped pool that Monroe
used to swim in.
14.___________________
Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis’ regal estate
Size: 23,000 sq ft
Location: McLean, Northern Virginia
Price: On sale for US$49.5 million
Highlights: This mansion witnessed a girl who grew up to be the first
lady. It certainly looks like a house to breed such a lady – classic Georgian-
style – decorations, vegetation-enclosed garden and river-view terrace give
it a sense of fine elegance, while the tennis court and the indoor and outdoor
pools are an indication of its luxury.
15.___________________
Johnny Carson’s mansion
Size: 174,240 sq ft
39
Location: Point Dume, Malibu
Price: On sale for US$81.5 million
Highlights: Many celebrity houses have sea views, but it is a rare
combination that also provides cliff-top location and high glass walls that
allow you to overlook the Pacific Ocean from anywhere in the house. The
house of the famous late-night talk show host comes equipped with an
outdoor pond and waterfall, and indoor landscaping that help it blend in
with the natural environment.
16.___________________
Meg Ryan’s house
Size: 4,100 sq ft
Location: SoHo neighbourhood in New York City
Price: Sold in 2017 for US$9.85 million
Highlights: After taking a lift up to the loft, guests can see a house that
has been rebuilt by the actress and interior designer. Meg Ryan’s house
offers a casual, modern city lifestyle, the simple beauty of black and white,
exposed brick walls in a media room and an open kitchen filled with
natural lighting.
(Adapted from: https://www.scmp.com/magazines/style/

tech-design/article/2126071/celebrity-homes-10-most-
luxurious-houses-rich-and-famous)
Which of the houses__________________?
A is situated on a rock
B belongs to a famous person
C provides the owner with various water entertainments
D is located near the river
E has perfect view
F takes the attic
G is the oldest one
H was acquired not long before death
40
Task 4
Read the text below. Choose from (A-H) the one which best fits
each space (17-22). There are two choices you do not need to use.
ENGLAND – ART AND CULTURE

By Amelia Meyer
The art and culture of a country like England shape and determine,
(17)_________, the very identity of that place. To experience this aspect
of England, one plunges in its people, places, and the unique elements that
define it.
England is a land of creativity and innovation. Locals and visitors are
assured of new and exciting elements (18)_________. This is especially
true of epicentres such as London and Manchester. There are even spe
cific projects that are designed to engender such creativity amongst
the local population. Examples of this type of initiative are the Tate Liver-
pool and the Tate Modern in London. But museums and galleries are
(19)_________. Sculptures and art festivals also testify to the creative
genius of England.
One of the largest art festivals is held in Birmingham and is called
Artsfest. The artistic talents being showcased range from classical music
and song to (20)_________ comedy. This festival is usually held in Sep
tember.
Theatre is another very important part of the English culture and is, in
fact, one of the reasons people visit the country. Theatrical shows, such as
Cats, The Lion King and The Phantom of the Opera, are modern reflections
of the ancient Shakespearean productions (21)_________. Today, shows
in London remain one of England’s primary tourist attractions.
England has been the birthplace of a number of incredible musical
artists too. Music remains a very important part of this country’s culture.
Styles range from the orchestral genius of Manchester, Birmingham and
Bournemouth to timeless favourites like Blur, Oasis, David Bowie, The
Rolling Stones, Pink Floyd, The Beatles, Coldplay and Lily Allen.
41
England is, indeed, a land of great artistic and cultural import,
(22)_________ with a fabulous insight into the makings of a diverse des
tination.
(Adapted from: https://www.englandforever.org/art-and-culture.php)
A that are continuously being refreshed

B providing locals and visitors alike
C traditional dancing and stand-up
D which is unique
E to a large extent
F every day
G that once graced the English stages
H not the only homes of art
Частина «ВИКОРИСТАННЯ МОВИ»

USE OF ENGLISH
Task 5
Read the text below. For questions (23 – 32) choose the correct
THE ANCIENT OLYMPICS

By Jim Benagh
The earliest reliable date that recorded history gives for the first Olym
pics is 776 B. C., (23)_________ virtually all historians presume that the
Games began well before then.
It is certain that during the midsummer of 776 B. C. a festival was held
at Olympia on the highly civilized eastern (24)_________ of the Pelopon
nesian peninsula. That festival remained a regularly scheduled event,
taking place during the pre-Christian golden age of Greece. As a testi
mony to the (25)_________ nature of the Games (which were held in
honour of Zeus, the most important god in the ancient Greek pantheon),
42
all wars would cease during the contests. According to the earliest records,
only one athletic (26)_________ was held in the ancient Olympics a foot
race of about 183 m (200 yd), or the length of the stadium. A cook, Coroi
bus of Elis, was the first recorded winner. The first few Olympics had only
local appeal and were limited to one race on one day; only men were
allowed to (27)_________ or attend. A second race – twice the length of
the stadium – was added in the 14th Olympics, and a still longer race was
added to the next competition, four years later.
When the powerful, warlike Spartans began to compete, they influ
enced the agenda. The 18th Olympiad (28)_________ wrestling and a
pentathlon consisting of running, jumping, spear throwing (the javelin),
discus throwing, and wrestling. Boxing was added at the 23rd Olympiad,
and the Games continued to expand, with the addition of chariot racing
and (29)_________ sports. In the 37th Olympiad (632 B. C.) the format
was extended to five days of competition.
The growth of the Games fostered “professionalism” among the
(30)_________, and the Olympic ideals waned as royalty began to compete
for personal gain, particularly in the chariot events. Human beings were
being (31)_________ as well as the gods; many winners erected statues
to deify themselves. In A. D. 394 the Games were officially ended by the
Roman emperor Theodosius I, who felt that they had pagan connotations.
Although the ancient Games were staged in Olympia, Greece, from
776 BC through 394 AD, it took 1503 years for the Olympics to return.
The man responsible for its (32)_________ was a Frenchman named
Baron Pierre de Coubertin, who presented the idea in 1894.
(Adapted from: https://www.scholastic.com/teachers/

articles/teaching-content/history-olympic-games/)
23 А although В however С as if D in order to

24 А seaside В bank С shore D coast
25 А religiously В religious С religion D irreligious
26 А happening В occasion С event D incident
27 А compete В battle С fight D struggle
28 А concluded В included С excluded D inclined
43
29 А the other В others С other D another
30 А rivals В players С opponents D competitors
31 А glorified В overvalued С overesti D hyped
mated
32 А rebirth В review С rehearsal D rebuild
Task 6
ME TALK PRETTY ONE DAY
This is not a book to be read in public. It should be enjoyed

(33)_________ private, where you can laugh, scream and dribble at your
pleasure, without fear of (34)_________. Me Talk Pretty One Day is in
two parts, one about Sedaris’s childhood and family, and the second is
about his experience in France as a foreigner.
It is funny and touching, and his accounts of trying to learn French
(35)_________ you spitting up the windows. His characters and situations
are vivid and beautiful, and will remain with you long after you
(36)_________ the book and been given filthy looks by your fellow com
muters. This book is (37)_________ funny it will make you feel alive.
I WANT MY HAT BACK
I first came across Je Veux Mon Chapeau by Jon Klassen while

(38)_________ in France, and assumed it was French. (39)_________
graphic style and dark undertow seemed far (40)_________ European than
most Anglophone books. It is Canadian, though, and for my money the
funniest book ever written and here is why: it is always funny, every single
time you read it. And if you know (41)_________ children at all, you will
be reading it a lot.
44
It is funny in whatever language you read it (22 and counting) and to
almost every child in the world. And like many parents and carers, I sus
pect, I hoard my children’s laughter like (42)_________ gold: one day,
when I am old and drowsy, I want the memory of it ringing out to be all I
hear.
(Adapted from: https://www.theguardian.com/books/2017/jan/07/

my-favourite-funny-book-jonathan-coe-nina-
stibbe-david-nicholls-bridget-christie)
33 A in B by C on D at
34 A be arrested B being C been D being
arrested arrested arresting
35 A will leaving B would leave C will leave D will be
leaving
36 A were B finished C have D had
finished finished finished
37 A so B as C such D such a
38 A am living B been living C be living D living
39 A Its’ B It C It’s D Its
40 A much B many C most D more
41 A every B no C some D any
42 A miser B misers’ C miser’s D misers
45
• TEST 2
READING
Task 1
sheet.
HOBBIES
1.__________________
Coin collecting has been around for ages. Since at least the 15th cen
tury, collectors have enjoyed the satisfaction of hunting down yet another
coin to add to their growing collections. Nowadays, coin collecting is
growing in popularity as people of all ages discover this fun and exciting
hobby. People who love coin collecting often enjoy having other sorts of
collections as well because they love searching for new things, they love
the excitement that comes from finding a rarity, and they enjoy having the
collection to look back on as time passes. Many collectors love passing
their collections on to future generations.
2.___________________
Bonsai means “tree in a pot” (or tray) in Japanese, and refers to grow
ing trees in small pots in such a way as to look old, interesting and artistic.
The art is believed to have originated in China thousands of years ago, and
is now practiced all over the world, e.g. in Japan, where traditional ex
amples are known for their more formal designs, and in present day China,
Vietnam and other south Asian countries where they are less formal, but
may incorporate more of a landscape feel, with large rocks simulating
mountains, pools of water and tiny ceramic figures called ‘mudmen’.
3.___________________
Some people are drawn to the beauty of birds. They love the va
riety of songs. Others like the companionship that naturally comes
46
along with birding. Birding is growing in popularity and many people
choose to embark on group trips in order to learn about the world of
birding, or simply to have the companionship of other people involved
in the hobby. There’s an element of mystery involved when you begin
a birding excursion. You never know what might happen; you can’t
always predict what sort of bird you might spot on your trip. And of
course there’s the thrill–some birders describe it as a high–that comes
when you finally spot a bird you’ve been longing to see. One of the
other benefits is that it can be done virtually anywhere (anywhere
outdoors, at least) and there also isn’t a lot of technical gear required
to enjoy it.
4.___________________
Everyone loves toys–they’re shiny, fun to play with, and they almost
always have that aura of nostalgia surrounding them, inevitably remind
ing you of the good old days of your childhood. Yes, as a child, it’s hard
not to be tempted by the shiny, fun toys in the toy store. Funny thing is,
many adults are just as fascinated by toys–and with good reason. Antique
toy collecting is one of those hobbies that brings out the kid in you. Do
you love trains, or are dolls more your thing? While it’s great to have a
wide variety of toys, it can be both fun and beneficial to specialize in a
category of toys that you’re most interested in.
5.___________________
While it’s true that it may be both faster and easier to buy store-
bought candles, there’s some fun about making your own. Yes, making
your own candles means you get to choose exactly what color, size, and
shape the candles are in addition to being choosy about things like, well,
what kind of wax you want to use. Typically, paraffin, beeswax, and soy
are the best kinds of wax to use for candle making, but it really all de
pends on your goals for the candle. Either way, you’re sure to have fun.
And remember: if the candle doesn’t turn out like you expected the first
time, don’t worry! There’s always room for improvement.
(Adapted from: http://www.notsoboringlife.com)

47
A It is better to find your niche if you want to take up the hobby
B The collection of these items must be left for future generations
C For this hobby the search may be even more important than the
collection itself
D With this hobby you can always change something if you are not
happy with the result
E The main thing as for this hobby is to keep up the tradition
F Sometimes something unpredictable can happen during the time of
this hobby
G This hobby is becoming less traditional as it is spreading in other
countries.
H This hobby is mostly for the kids
Task 2
A person’s status in the social hierarchy can be easily judged by what

they wear. Styles, fabrics, colors, headgear, and ornamentation are mark
edly different between people of various socio-economic levels. This may
seem obvious when we look at portraits of kings and queens of yesteryear
as opposed to pictures of peasants. But even today, when we all dress in a
similar manner the quality of materials used and production of the garment
is obvious. In medieval Europe, laws were enacted that mandated dress in
accordance with social status. Sumptuary laws forbade members of the
newly wealthy mercantile class from wearing certain colors, fabrics, and
embellishments. The nobility feared that the power of fancy clothes might
diminish their own.
An experiment by Tilburg University of the Netherlands sent out two
groups of people to a shopping mall in order to convince others to take a
survey. The group that wore designer labels found that 52 % of people
asked agreed to take the survey. The non designer logo questioners only
convinced 13 % of take the survey. Obviously, we assign status and author
ity to people wearing garments that indicate wealth.
48
Status not only refers to social position. One can tell a person’s mari
tal status at a glance by looking for a wedding ring on the ring finger of
their left hand. Children can identify the group membership of a person
from a simple drawing. Police, firefighters, health care workers, military
personnel, business people, farmers, and the clergy can all be clearly spot
ted by what they wear.
People of certain religious groups can be identified by their clothing.
Until the late 20th century, nurses typically wore white uniforms. The white
cap was unique to the school that each nurse attended. Interests, hobbies,
and favorite recreational activities are often declared by clothing choices.
We form stereotypes in our minds of skate boarders, hikers, surfers, golf
ers, etc. A mid 20th century American homemaker could be identified by
her house dress and apron.
Certain garments are worn for rites and celebrations. The traditional
royal dress of European monarchs demanded ornate clothing and headgear
for ceremonial occasions and portraits. The kings and queens of yesteryear
did not ordinarily wear heavy crowns and cumbersome, bejeweled fur
capes for every day wear. A bride can be easily identified by her clothing.
People in the military wear dress uniforms with ribbons and other embel
lishments for special occasions, clothing they would never wear in the field
or for daily activities. On graduation day, high school and college graduates
wear a cap and gown. Professors attending the ceremony wear embellish
ments on their academic robes that identify their field of study.
(Adapted from: https://bellatory.com/fashion-industry/

History-of-Clothing-Why-We-Wear-Clothes)

A. Nobility of the past could order their clothes in special factories
B. The better clothes people wear the higher status they have.
C. Today we choose the garments according to sumptuary laws.
D. In medieval period high class representatives used to wear the
kinds of clothes they liked.
7. The experiment conducted by Tilburg University of the Netherlands
showed that
A. two groups of people took part in a survey.
B. 13 % of people refused to take part in the survey.
49
C. questioners asked 52 % of the people in brand clothes.
D. p eople agreed to answer the person’s questions if he/she had a
brand clothes on.
8. What is true according to the text?
A. We can always identify marital status of the people.
B. Professional group members wear spotted uniforms.
C. Children like to draw professional people in groups.
D. Clothes very often demonstrate a status of a person from differ
ent points.
A. Clothes help to form some stereotypes.
B. A person’s status and occupation could not be identified before
the second part of the 20th century.
C. Clothes often help to identify a hobby of a person.
D. If a person wears some traditional clothes we can say what is his/
her belief.
10. Why are embellishments on clothes used?
A. For wearing in military ceremonies.
B. For demonstrating all jewelry a person has.
C. For the status identification.
D. For ordinary wear.
Task 3
Read the text below. Match choices (A-H) to (11-16). There are two
sheet.
THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION PRIORITIES FOR 2019-24
11.__________________
The European Commission presented the European Green Deal that
should enable European citizens and businesses to benefit from sustainable
green transition. Measures accompanied with an initial roadmap of key
50
policies range from ambitiously cutting emissions, to investing in cutting-
edge research and innovation, to preserving Europe’s natural environment.
Involvement and commitment of the public and of all stakeholders is
crucial to its success. Above all, the European Green Deal sets a path for
a transition that is just and socially fair. It is designed in such a way as to
leave no individual or region behind in the great transformation ahead.
12.___________________
Individuals and businesses in the EU can only thrive if the economy
works for them. The EU’s unique social market economy allows economies
to grow and to reduce poverty and inequality. For that, it is essential to
strengthen small and medium-sized enterprises, the backbone of the EU’s
economy. It is also essential to complete the Capital Markets Union and
to deepen the Economic and Monetary Union.
13.___________________
Digital technologies are connecting the world in unforeseen ways,
at unprecedented speed. Europe already sets the standards in telecoms
and data protection. However, it falls behind in other areas of the digital
economy. Investments in blockchain, high-performance computing,
quantum computing, algorithms and new tools for secure data sharing
and usage are the starting point on the path to innovation. Data and Ar
tificial Intelligence (AI) technologies can help develop smart solutions
for many societal challenges, from health to farming, from security to
manufacturing. Bringing down barriers to learning and improving access
to quality education is key to paving the way for a new European Educa
tion Area.
14.___________________
Threats to the rule of law challenge the legal, political and eco
nomic basis of our Union. Europe that protects must also stand up for
justice and for the EU’s core values. The Commission will launch a
comprehensive European Rule of Law Mechanism under which it is to
report every year. Strong borders, modernisation of the EU’s asylum
system and cooperation with partner countries are important to achieve
a fresh start on migration.
51
15.___________________
The European Commission champions multilateralism and a rules-
based global order through a more active role and stronger voice for the
EU in the world. A strong, open and fair trade agenda, making Europe an
attractive place for business, is key to strengthening the EU’s role as a
global leader while ensuring the highest standards of climate, environmen
tal and labour protection. European leadership also means working shoul
der-to-shoulder with neighbouring countries and partners, introducing
a comprehensive strategy on Africa and reaffirming the European perspec
tive of the countries of the Western Balkans. The Commission seeks a
coordinated approach to external action – from development aid to the
Common Foreign and Security Policy – that secures a stronger and more
united voice for Europe in the world.
16.___________________
The record-high turnout in the 2019 European elections shows the
vibrancy of the European democracy. Yet, Europeans need a stronger role
in the decision-making process and a more active role in setting our pri
orities. In order to protect our democracy from external interference, a joint
approach and common standards are necessary to tackle issues such as
disinformation and online hate messages The Commission will engage in
consolidating its partnership with the European Parliament by ensuring its
involvement at all stages of international negotiations, as well as transpar
ency and integrity throughout the legislative process.
(Adapted from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/

List_of_sports#Aquatic_&_paddle_sports)
A Working for social fairness and prosperity

B Ensuring labour protection measures of the EU citizens working in
the neighboring countries
C Striving to be the first climate-neutral continent
D Empowering people with a new generation of technologies
52
E Working to reduce poverty and medium-sized enterprises
F Protecting the citizens and the values
G Nurturing, protecting and strengthening democracy
H Reinforcing responsible global leadership
Task 4
I recently received a call from a distressed former graduate assistant

who (17)_________ a new full-time job. In a downtrodden voice she told
me, “I made a huge mistake accepting this job.”
Among many concerns, she wasn’t doing what she was hired to do,
and she was – understandably – unhappy. Even so, I didn’t see her decision
as a mistake, and I told her as much. I reminded her that she made the best
decision she could with the information she had. She was able to get to the
geographical area where she wanted to be, and she had the opportunity to
learn and build her experience in the role. “Meet people, try things, and
learn everything you can,” I told her. “But keep looking for (18)_________.
This is just the first stop in your career!”
I frequently encounter people struggling with a career decision they
believe they have to get “right” or disaster is surely imminent. What if
I (19)_________ and I hate it? What if I (20)_________ with this com-
pany, while my friend takes an opportunity with another company – and
her life is way better than mine?
But this idea of right and wrong in your career path is a fallacy. There
are only choices, and with every choice comes an opportunity. Deciding
to join a committee could (21)_________ to network. Deciding to apply
for another position with your current company could give you an oppor
tunity to advance faster than staying in your current role. Deciding to
apply for a position with a new company could give you an opportunity
to move to a great new geographic location. Deciding to get an MBA could
give you an opportunity to increase your earning potential.
53
Career Chaos Theory posits that many people follow non-linear career
paths due to the unpredictable circumstances that influence our paths. You
are probably familiar with many examples this: the accountant who gets
laid off and becomes an entrepreneur or the museum curator who moves
home to care for an ailing parent and finds a niche in the business world.
These (22)_________ can look chaotic on the surface, but if you dig a bit,
you’ll often find that the person was able to take lessons and skills from
one circumstance and transfer them successfully to another– by being
flexible and open to change.
(Adapted from: https://www.themuse.com/advice/no-really-

why-there-are-no-right-or-wrong-career-decisions)
A called
B was working
C jobs
D twists and turns
E give you an opportunity
F take an opportunity
G the next opportunity
H take this job

USE OF ENGLISH
Task 5
One of the largest and oldest (23)_________ bazaars in the world, the
Grand Bazaar is 30,700 square meters with over 60 streets and alleys and
4,000 shops. The (24)_________ historical core of the bazaar, İç Bedesten,
was completed by Mehmet the Conqueror in 1461. A “bedesten” refers to
54
an indoor arcade with shops and there are several areas within the bazaar
referred to by this name.
Over the years, the Grand Bazaar expanded to become a sprawling
roofed complex of thousands of shops, fringed by the tradesmen’s inns
and workshops known as hans. Restaurants within the Grand Bazaar com
plex are known to be some of the best in Istanbul for one simple reason:
their customers have been depending on their services for decades and
their (25)_________ speaks to the quality.
In addition, there were various other amenities for the merchants who
worked there: restaurants, a hammam, and a mosque, as well as at least
10 smaller mescits, or prayer rooms. Today, this city-within-a-city contains
a police station, a health dispensary, a post office, (26)_________ of most
major banks, and a tourist information center.
The main area of the Grand Bazaar boasts a total of 64 streets and 22
(27)_________, however the entire section around the historical bedesten
is also considered to be a part of the market.
Trying to see the entire Grand Bazaar in one afternoon is an unrealis
tic task. With this in mind, it is best to experience the Grand Bazaar at a
leisurely pace, not by (28)_________ from one shop to the next. The
eventual purchase is not as important as the process and the relationship
that (29)_________ between the vendor and yourself. Chatting and bar
gaining with the sellers, who often are (30)_________ in more than one
language, is what makes the Grand Bazaar experience different. Dozens
of stores lined up next to each other sell similar products, making haggling
and customer service crucial. Accepting tea does not mean either party has
sealed the deal; instead, it is the Turkish way of (32)_________ visitors.
If you are not pleased with the offer, leave and look for a better deal else
where.
Although the Grand Bazaar (32)_________ have it all, only certain
shops are worth the visit and only certain items are worth the purchase.
Their fame precedes them, so if you ask the locals for advice, many would
share with you the following tips: jewelry, antiques, carpets & kilims,
textiles, made-to-order things.
(Adapted from: https://www.theguideistanbul.com/

grand-bazaar-guide)
55
23 А covered В discovered С uncovered D converted
24 А artificial В original С designer D newest
25 А longitude В wideness С longevity D long-liver
26 А branches В cashiers С currency D managers
exchange
offices
27 А roads В avenues С entrances D windows
28 А walking В entering С coming D rushing
29 А will be В will be regulated С will be D will be
broken made established
30 А quick В fluent С certain D known
31 А welcoming В grabbing С stopping D capturing
32 А has to В seems to С says to D pretends to
Task 6
WHAT REGULARLY DINING OUT DOES TO YOUR BODY
We all generally understand that eating (33)_________ meals out isn’t

the best idea. It’s often expensive, for one, and the foods we pick tend not
to be so good for us. Too, exactly what we’re eating or how it was prepared
is frequently unknown.
When it comes to what eating out for nearly every meal does to your
body, things can get (34)_________, as not everybody responds to con
stantly eating out in the same way. In general, though, there are some
not-so-good consequences, and you’ll definitely want to be mindful of
them before heading out for yet another meal.
You’e more likely to overeat when dining out than you are when you’ve
prepared your own food. Many restaurants offer freebies such as chips and
salsa, or bread and oil, in addition (35)_________ large entrees and sides
that are larger portion sizes than what meet healthy guidelines.
56
This confuses the brain and body, making you think that you’re still
consuming a serving, because that’s what you (36)_________, but the
reality is that the portion sizes are tremendously greater than they ought
to be. A study published in the European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
claimed that individuals who go out to eat end up taking in an average of
200 more calories than (37)_________ that eat at home.
High levels of sodium and cholesterol in the body increase one’s risk
of many negative bodily effects (38) _________ from headache to obe
sity.
Foods at restaurants, particularly fast food items, (39) _______ have
a lot more saturated fats and trans fats than meals you may prepare your
self. (40) ________ Everyday Health, experts say to improve your health
you should try to (41) ________ the amount of fats you consume in the
diet, rather than cholesterol itself, as (42)_________ diet high in fat raises
cholesterol levels.
(Adapted from: https://www.insider.com/

what-dining-out-does-to-your-body-2018-6)
33 A lots of B much C occasional D some of

34 A being B to be comp- C compli- D compli-
complicated leted cating cated
35 A between B with C to D over
36 A you had been B you’ve been C you are D you serve
served served serving
37 A those B these C where D this
38 A is ranging B being ranged C ranging D ranged
39 A show to B must C should D tend to
40 A thanks to B according to C because of D in spite of
41 A raise B lessen C throw away D share
42 A a B the C - D this
57
• TEST 3
READING
Task 1
sheet.
5 WAYS TO IMPROVE YOUR WRITING
Writing in English can be particularly difficult for the many non-native

speakers who study English as a foreign language. Here are some simple
ways to improve your writing skills:
1_______________.
Many people, whether writing in their native language or not, fail to
construct their writing properly. Poorly organized, unplanned writing can
be difficult and confusing to read, and it can fail to convey meaning ef
fectively. Plan written work so that it has a clear beginning, a middle part
and a conclusion.
2_______________.
Different kinds of writing require different stylistic norms. A formal
essay, for example, might be written very differently from an informal
letter. Each kind of writing will have its own rules and style to fit its pur
pose.
3_______________.
This one might seem like a basic point, but it is one worth emphasiz
ing. Mistakes of that kind make the writer seem less reliable in the reader’s
eyes. However, these things are very easy to get right – just make sure you
check anything about which you’re unsure. With time, you’ll find you need
to check less and less often.
58
4_______________.
Non-native speakers tend to construct sentences poorly when writing
in English. Every language has different rules for sentence word order, so
it is easy to see why this happens. In speech, this is less of a problem, as
visual clues and tone help to convey meaning. In writing, it is vital to get
it right or sentences can become meaningless.
5_______________.
Continually translating in your head can lead to confusion and poor
writing. Immersing yourself in the language is the best way to do this.
Once you start thinking like a native, you then begin writing like one.
(Adapted from: http://www.polseguera.com/colaboracion/

english/ways_improve_writing.htm)
A Read more in English

B Get the structure right
C Always check spellings and punctuation
D Pay attention to style
E Take a special course
F Be careful with sentence composition
G Think in English
H Go on practising
Task 2
Read the text below. For questions (6–10) choose the letter of the
correct answer (A, B, C or D). Write your answers on the separate
answer sheet.
WHAT IS A WEBINAR?
The word webinar appeared several years ago and meant “a seminar
presented over the internet (or Web)”. You may also hear terms such as
web seminar, web conference, or internet meeting used in this context.
Some people say that a true webinar refers only to a presentation given to
a large group of audience members, each of them having the ability to
interact in some way with the presenter. This differentiates a webinar from
a webcast, which typically indicates a broadcast-only (or one-way) pres
entation where the audience can only watch and listen.
The most common uses for webinars is in sales and marketing applica
tions, when sellers want to inform and influence potential customers.
However, the term “webinar” can also mean other types of Internet based
meetings. For example, webinars are also used for remote training, where
an instructor can lead students through lessons and exercises, with inte
grated online testing.
There are some things that make webinars an amazing learning tool.
First, you have access to world experts at the other end of a phone line
or an internet connection.
Then, this is probably the most economical way to gain access to the
top expertise, as well as there being no travel costs and overhead of
nearly zero for the participant.
Besides, learning can be just as valuable to a person listening later as
listening live: once the webinar takes place, it can be repurposed to print
and other modes of learning delivery.
And while most webinars run 60-75 minutes (which is already bite-
sized compared to classroom training), there is no reason they can’t be
even shorter and more focused, based on the learning need.
So, webinars can be an effective means to bring people together in
order to transmit and share information. And as there is no transportation
involved – so webinars save time and money!
(Adapted from: https://myownconference.com/

blog/en/index.php/what-is-a-webinar/
6. According to the article, the term “webinar”…

A. can be explained in different ways.
B. is only referred to “a seminar presented over the internet (or
Web)”.
60
C. means the same as a webcast.
D. typically indicates a broadcast-only presentation.
7. What cannot people do during webinars?
A. interact with the presenter.
B. watch and listen.
C. sell goods
D. inform and influence potential customers.
8. Which of the following is stated in the text about webinars?
A. They can be effective for learning purposes.
B. They are rather expensive.
C. They don’t usually last longer than 60 minutes.
D. They are as effective as classroom training.
9. What does the word combination “remote training” refer to?
A. This is the synonym for “after-school clubs”.
B. I t means learning process in which the instructor and the pupil
aren’t in the same room.
C. It is preparation for sporting events.
D. It’s travelling by train.
10. Which of the following information is not presented in the text?
A. Explanation of the term “webinar”.
B. Advantages of webinars.
C. Webinar drawbacks.
D. Differences between a webinar and a webcast.
Task 3
Read the texts below. Match choices (A–H) to (11–16). There are
separate answer sheet.
WORLD’S MOST VISITED PLACES

The numbers don’t lie—these spots are among the most popular in the
world; some spots rely on natural beauty, while others are man-made
wonders attracting visitors from around the globe.
61
11._________________
Times Square, New York City, New York
What it’s Got: Flashing signs, crowds, stores, restaurants, theatres,
and hot-dog carts – everything that makes New York New York.
Why You Should Go: One of the world’s busiest pedestrian intersec
tions attracting visitors from different countries, and a major centre of the
world’s entertainment industry.
Why You Shouldn’t Go: New York City has so much more to offer.
12._________________
Forbidden City, Beijing, China
What it’s Got: As the world’s largest palace complex, the Forbidden
City has nearly 10,000 rooms full of the furniture and art of the Ming and
Qing dynasties.
Why You Should Go: The scale and grandeur of the Forbidden City
can’t really be described; it’s one to be experienced first-hand.
Why You Shouldn’t Go: The Forbidden City can get extremely busy,
especially during Golden Week holidays in fall and winter. Expect the sort
of congestion where you won’t be able to see much except the back of
other people’s heads.
13._________________
Niagara Falls, U. S. And Canada
What it’s Got: Water, and a lot of it. Over 700,000 gallons of water
plunge over the falls each second. Visitors can see the different individual
falls from lookouts on the Canadian and US sides.
Why You Should Go: The thunderous falls are impressive in a way
that can’t be captured on film.
Why You Shouldn’t Go: There’s no disputing the majesty of the falls,
but there are tacky souvenir shops where the goods are overpriced.
14._________________
Victoria Peak, Hong Kong
What it’s Got: One of the world’s most scenic funicular railways, which
leads to a panoramic lookout of Hong Kong at 1,300 feet above sea level.
62
Why You Should Go: A thrillingly steep ride up the mountain where
visitors are rewarded with amazing views of Hong Kong, water, and
outlying islands.
Why You Shouldn’t Go: Long tram lines getting to and from the
Peak can be a drag. And a fear of heights can turn getting to and being
at the Peak into an exercise in panic.
15._________________
Great Smoky Mountains National Park, North Carolina And
Tennessee
What it’s Got: Mountains and forests spanning two states, 800 miles
of maintained trails, 1,500 bears, and a rich diversity of plant and animal
life.
Why You Should Go: Great Smoky Mountains National Park is one
of the few major national parks that doesn’t charge an entry fee. With
scenic drives, backcountry camping, and everything in between, the park
is suitable for a wide range of abilities.
Why You Shouldn’t Go: Its popularity can mean lots of traffic on
nearby roads particularly on summer and fall weekends.
16._________________
Walt Disney World, Florida
What it’s Got: Six individual theme parks in one super park. Disney
World’s Magic Kingdom alone beats out all other theme parks in the world
to be the most visited on earth.
Why You Should Go: Walt Disney World makes its name as the
‘most magical place on earth’, with options for all ages and interests, as
long as those interests include theme parks.
Why You Shouldn’t Go: Long lines, high humidity, and the inevi
tability of witnessing dozens of public tantrums—from both adults and
children.
(Adapted from: https://www.businessinsider.com/

most-visited-cities-in-the-world-2018-9)
63
Which of the following is true about the attractions above?
A No other attraction of this kind can compare with this one.

B You shouldn’t pay for visiting this tourist attraction.
C There you are able to admire a spectacular view of the city from
a high place.
D This sight is situated on an outlying island.
E It is located on the border of two countries.
F You may find it overcrowded at times.
G This place claims to be the “crossroads of the world”.
H You can purchase discounted tickets there.
Task 4
Read the text below. Choose from (A – H) the one that best fits each
THINGS THAT TRULY HAPPY PEOPLE DO
Why do some people always happy with (17) __________________

while others seems to treat every day like a misfortune? What makes the
elderly are sometimes happier than the young?
It’s a riddle that has exercised philosophers (18) __________________
first identified happiness as the end of all human activity. Wealth and health
are thought to be a means to it, but the thing itself always seems to be just
(19)_____________________.
After a decade studying happiness, professor of Psychology at Oxford
University Michael Argyle concludes that the best guarantee of long-term
happiness is something called “serious leisure” – a hobby or activity
(20)___________________.
It could be singing or it could be bungee jumping. Or it could be an
activity as usual as reading or house works. It could even be Scottish or
Irish country dancing (21) __________________ it makes you feel happy
and alive! “The point is it doesn’t matter what you do as long as you find
64
the activity (22)__________________”, the professor adds. “Although not
everyone is born with a sunny disposition, but doing something you re
ally love can bring more meaning and satisfaction into our lives”.
(Adapted from: https://www.inc.com/kevin-daum/

17-things-truly-happy-people-always-do.html)
A as long as
B what they have
C if they really mean
D can be used to
E that involves your whole being
F beyond our understanding
G challenging and absorbing
H ever since Aristotle

USE OF ENGLISH
Task 5
answer (A, B, C or D). Write your answers on the separate answer
sheet.
THE HORSE THAT PLAYS DEAD

Horses can be really smart when it comes to fooling humans. But did
you hear about the mischievous horse who (23)________ to play dead
every time someone tries to ride it?
A hilarious video that has gone (24)________ shows exactly that. The
horse, in the clip, manages to fall to the ground and pretends to be dead
every time somebody tries to get on it.
The video was first (25)________ by Kritter Klub on YouTube and it
was later shared on Facebook by Frasisco Zalasar. The (26)________ of
65
the video reads, “The horse that plays dead so they don’t ride him.” After
the horse (27)________ that no one is around it and is safe, he quickly gets
up and stands on its feet. (28)________, when the pony sees a rider
(29)_________ towards him, it makes a dramatic falls on the ground.
The funny video has been (30)_________ over 23 million times. The
horse has impressed netizens with its Oscar-level (31)_________ skills.
A user on Facebook wrote, “Unbelievable – horse even has tongue hang
ing out and eyes (32)________ up!” Calling him a genius, another said,
“That horse is a genius, I wish I could just do that every time someone
I don’t like comes near me.”
23 A pretends B provides C prevents D protects

24 A viral B ill C flu D painful
25 A filmed B shared C seen D watched
26 A capture B captain C captivity D caption
27 A aware B familiar C realizes D informed
28 A Although B Despite C Sometimes D However
29 A talking B reaching C arriving D approaching
30 A looked B seemed C viewed D glanced
31 A speaking B acting C riding D playing
32 A get B rolled C looked D come
Task 6
Read the text below. For questions (33–42) choose the letter of the
correct answer (A, B, C or D). Write your answers on the separate
answer sheet.
A FARMER AND HIS SONS
In Madhanpur lived a very hardworking farmer named Gopal. He had

three sons Ram, Laxman and Hanuman. All three were strong and healthy.
But they were all lazy.
Gopal was sad thinking about his sons and the future of his farmland.
66
One day, Gopal got an idea. He called all his sons and said, “Ram!
Laxman! and Hanuman! I (33)_________________ a treasure in our
farmland. You (34)________________ search and share the treasure
among you.”
The three sons were overjoyed. They went to the fields and started
(35)________________ Ram started from one end. Laxman searched from
the other end. And Hanuman did so from the centre. They dug each and
every inch of the field. But they could not find (36)________________.
Gopal said to his sons, “Dear boys! Now you have tooled and condi
tioned the field, (37)________________not we sow a crop!” Off went the
sons to sow the crops.
Days passed. Soon, the crops grew lushly green. The sons were de
lighted. The father said, “Sons, this is the real treasure I wanted you to
share”.
33 A hide B hid C have hidden D had hidden

34 A ought B should C could have D must not
35 A search B searched C to have searched D searching
36 A something B anything C nothing D everything
37 A why B when C what D who
(Adapted from: http://www.english-for-students.com/

The-Farmer-and-His-Lazy-Sons.html)
TESCO IS TRYING TO MAKE CUSTOMERS HAPPY
The supermarket giant Tesco is a major supermarket in (38)_______

__________. Its managers say that from the end of this year, there will be
(39)_________________ sweets or chocolates next to customers waiting
to pay for their food. This is because they want their customers to be
healthier.
Tesco did a lot of research on the best place to put things in its stores.
It said that two-thirds of its customers thought it (40)_________________
a good idea to remove candies and chocolates from (41)_________________
front of the checkouts.
67
Britain’s Public Health Minister Jane Ellison welcomed Tesco’s idea. She
said: “This initiative (42)_________________ people to make healthier
choices, which all contributes to reducing the long-term cost to our nation
of obesity and ill-health.”
(Adapted from: https://breakingnewsenglish.com/

1405/140523-checkouts.html)
38 A UK B a UK C an UK D the UK
39 A any B every C no D not
40 A is B was C were D been
41 A on B in C off D to
42 A helps B helping C will help D would help
• TEST 4
READING
Task 1
sheet.
EATING HABITS AND ISSUES
1. ________________
We’re all used to the idea that there are simply four tastes. Our food
can be sweet (like sugar), sour (like lemons), salty (like salt, of course)
and bitter (like olives). Now scientists have found that parts of the tongue
react to a fifth taste, which they call “umami”. Umami is quite a rich taste,
found in red meat, soy sauce, mushrooms and hard cheese, such as Par
mesan. The word “umami” comes from Japanese.
68
2.________________
One thing you have to remember is that meat can contain bacteria. You
have to be particularly careful with white meats like chicken and pork.
Make sure that you cook them properly. Use a metal skewer or a fork to
test whether the meat is done or not. The juices from the meat should be
clear. You should also be careful when preparing food. Use separate chop
ping boards for meat and vegetables. The reason for this is that we don’t
want any bacteria from the meat to find their way onto our vegetables.
They might not be killed when we cook the vegetables.
3.__________________
Walk into any bookshop or turn on your TV and you can’t avoid ce
lebrity chefs. They are famous for cooking and for teaching the nation how
to cook. They each have their own style and their own fans, from the very
friendly style of Jamie Oliver to the more formal style of Delia Smith.
However, they all have one thing in common: they are all very good at
communicating their enthusiasm for food and for cooking.
4.__________________
The thought of cooking for friends at home makes most of us a little
nervous. It needn’t be such a nightmare, though. The secret is planning. If
you keep your menu simple and stick to dishes you know well, your dinner
party will be a success. Give your guests something that is easy to prepare
and that doesn’t mean you have to be in the kitchen all the time. That way,
you can enjoy the occasion too!
5.___________________
Traditionally, eating was something that we all did together as families.
In the past, most parents insisted that the whole family sat around the din
ing table at a certain time. All that has changed. These days, we’re more
likely to watch TV while we eat, or to eat at different times from the
other members of our family. In a world where it’s so easy to cook a mi
crowave meal in seconds and both parents go out to work, it’s very rare
for families to share their news over a good meal.
(Adapted from: http://www.bbc.com/ news)

A Simple meals
B Popular cooks
C Safe cooking
D New discovery
E Difficult job
F Delicious snacks
G Changing habits
H Dieting habits
Task 2
(A, B, C). Write your answers on the separate sheet.
HOW TO DEVELOP LEADERSHIP SKILLS
In today’s competitive student world, the ability to work harmoni

ously with other people is a good way of marking yourself out from ev
erybody else. While teamwork may offer the chance to blame others for
your mistakes, you can never blame them for your failings as a teammate.
Instead, get to know one another, so you can build up a shared identity and
combine your strengths. Find out each other’s priorities, values, weak
nesses, past achievements, names.
Don’t shy away from conflicts but work out how to deal with them,
preferably without resorting to anything physical. Humour can be a good
glue, so have a laugh together – but not at a team member’s sticking-out
ears.
Before setting down to business, it’s important to establish ground
rules. First, make sure you all share the same concept of time. Then, work
out how you are going to make and communicate decisions. These are
probably best made at a formal meeting and communicated by email. You
must also agree on who will be responsible for making decisions. Will they
need to be made unanimously or by the vocal young man who has already
mentioned the project on his CV under “leadership skills”?
70
If you have decided that decisions don’t have to be unanimous, it is
important that every team member is kept involved, including those who
always disagree with the majority view, rarely say a word, or have a weird
haircut.
Once you’ve got your rules of engagement, define what you want to
achieve, and the deadline. Work out what you have to do before the time
is up to do it.
Now comes brainstorming. The important thing here is a fully open
mind. Write everyone’s ideas down without sniggering. If you tell someone
their idea is stupid, you may stop them coming up with something fantas
tic later. Once the brainstorming is over, you can strike out the suggestions
that won’t work. Remember that ideas can sometimes be good even if
they’re not yours. And don’t take it personally if yours are ditched – you
will still have lots to contribute.
The team must assign roles according to everyone’s individual skills.
Whatever your role, it is important to keep a record of what has been de
cided at each stage and what each member of the team has contributed.
Then, when the task is over, you can review how well it went. It is popu
larly known as covering your back.
6. Why is it important to enable effective teamwork skills?

A. to get excellent marks
B. to stand out from other fellow students
C. to accuse others of mistakes
D. to share your strength
7. What does them in the sixth line mean?
A. arguments
B. your groupmates
C. your bosses
D. mistakes
8. As to conflicts, what does the author recommend students?
A. not to be shy and fight away
B. to avoid them when they are on vacation
71
C. to develop their conflict-resolving skills
D. never use humour
9. What is recommended so as to take decisions effectively?
A. to lay down basic rules
B. to vote as long as it takes till the last team member accepts the
decision
C. to listen to the team member who possesses the strongest voice
D. to delegate responsibilities to subordinates
10. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text?
A. Everyone knows their function and the progress of the project
be tracked.
B. The team must assign roles according to everyone’s individual
skills.
C. The roles of team must be assigned according to individual skills
of the team mates.
D. You should be good at manipulating your mates.
Task 3
Read the text below. Match choices (A–H) to (11–16). There two
choices you don’t need to use. Write your answers on the separate
sheet.
AIRPORTS
The choice of where to fly from has never been greater, particularly
for those flying on a package holiday. For each airport, we looked at the
facilities (e.g. restaurants, waiting areas, etc.) offered before going through
passport control (land-side) and after going through passport control (air-
side).
11.__________________
Heathrow
The check-in hall is spacious and modern. There are few land-side
shops but the essentials are available. A café with pine seating and a me
dium range of hot dishes and salads is situated upstairs. There are more
72
facilities air-side. The shops are clustered into the central part of the
500-metre long hall, and expensive ranges are well represented. There’s
plenty of natural light from the windows that overlook the runway and lots
of seating away from the shopping area.
12. __________________
Manchester
The check-in hall has a high glass roof which lets in natural light. The
cafe is at one end and slightly separated from the rest of the facilities, which
makes it much more pleasant. There’s also an up-market coffee shop.
Hundreds of seats – little used when we visited despite the passengers
crowded below – are available upstairs. The departure lounge is bright and
has plenty of space, the cafeteria is pleasant.
13.__________________
Stansted
Passengers can walk in a straight line from the entrance, through the
check-in to the monorail that takes them to their plane. Land-side, there’s
a cluster of fast food outlets that sell baked potatoes, American burgers
and filled rolls. All seating is in the same area away from the check-in and
shops. There’s a surprisingly small number of shops considering Stansted’s
claims to be a major London airport, although basic stores like a chemist
and bookshop are here. The large departure lounge has blue seats and grey
carpet. There’s a large tax-free and luxury goods shopping area and a café.
14.___________________
Heathrow
Avoid travelling from here if you can. The check-in area is unpleasant
with a claustrophobic low roof and scores of pillars.
The upstairs café is noisy because it is next to the music shop. The
departure lounge is also too small with illuminated advertisements hanging
from its low ceiling.
15.___________________
Manchester 1
The large, low check-in hall is the least impressive part of the terminal.
Beyond that is a pleasant shopping mall with a wide range of shops and
73
snack bars. The self-service eating area has a good range of foods from
steak and chips to salads. There is also a more formal restaurant mostly
used for business lunches. The departure lounge is large and bright.
16.___________________
Edinburg
The eating options range from a coffee shop to a self-service restaurant,
and a reasonable variety of shops are scattered around the land-side area
rather than being collected in one area. The air- side food arrangements
are mainly limited to rolls and buns.
(Adapted from: http://www.independent.co.uk/travel/news-and-advice)
Which airport__________________?
A does not sell anything to read

B most conveniences are upstairs
C makes it very easy for passengers to find their way through
D has its shops spread out
E has a departure lounge which is not very impressive
F has facilities for people who are travelling for work
G has a good view of the planes
H needs modernising
Task 4
“IRON LADY”
Margaret Thatcher’s nickname “Iron Lady” creates her image as an

unwavering and steadfast personality. Such a strong character of hers re
vealed itself at an early age. Yet at school she showed wit as well as
(17)____________ which manifested her leadership abilities: good leaders
74
remain calm, composed and steadfast to the main purpose. Storms, emo
tions, and crises come and go and a good leader takes these as part of the
journey and keeps a cool head.
Thatcher had one person in her life who was her leader and mentor –
her farther. It was him who taught Margaret certain principles,
(18)______________ all her life and which must have exerted influence
on her and made her a true leader. Some of these principles are: “Never
follow the crowd”; “Never put the responsibility for your life on somebody
else”; “Never say ‘I can’t’ or “It’s impossible”; “Don’t lose self-esteem,
especially to the audience”; “Don’t speak about your failures”.
Margaret was always the person who knew exactly what she wanted
to do and nothing could stand in her way. As one of the professors at Ox
ford said: “She is exclusively patient on condition that finally everything
will be as she wants.” In 1948 she made an attempt to enter Parliament.
(19)_______________ a woman, 23 y.o., no money, no contacts, but she
was energetic and sure of herself. That time she lost the elections, but she
didn’t lose the faith. In 1959 she joined the election campaign and won
that time. I am proud of this strong and wise woman who once said:
“Sometimes you have to join battle again and again in order to win.”
Known as a strong leader and an “astute Parliamentary tactician”, she knew
how to handle disagreement, no matter from which bench it issued.
She became leader of the Conservative party in 1975, and (20)
______________, a position she held until 1990 (In office 4 May 1979 –
28 November 1990). She won three General Elections one after the other,
and she had a great influence on British politics and on British life. Her
ideas, (21)____________________, have also influenced politicians in
other countries. Thatcher began her economic reforms by increasing inter
est rates to slow the growth of the money supply and thus lower inflation.
She reduced taxes, took away power from trade unions and started a pro
gramme of privatization (selling state-owned services such as electricity,
gas, and the telephone service, so that they became private companies).
Thatcher was committed to reducing the power of the trades unions.
(22)___________ in response to legislation introduced to curb their
power, but these actions eventually collapsed, and gradually Thatcher’s
reforms reduced the power and influence of the unions.
But Thatcher’s popularity declined in 1989.
75
She was a strong and determined leader who would not change her
mind easily and would not accept disagreement among her ministers.
A took away power from trade unions

B which have become known as Thatcherism
C several unions launched strikes
D managing all official contacts with foreign governments
E which she strictly followed
F the chances were very low:
G stubborn and composed temper
H in 1979 became the UK’s first woman Prime Minister

USE OF ENGLISH
Task 5
Read the text below. For questions (23 – 32) choose the correctanswer
(A, B, C or D). Write your answers on the separate sheet
GENDER GAP IN EDUCATION
For many years now, British girls have performed much better in exams
than boys. Most theories about the causes of this gap (23) ______ the
sexes have blamed the education (24)________ . However, new research
suggests that boys’ poor performance has nothing to do (25) ________
internal practices at schools. Instead external factors, such as different
learning styles and how children are (26)_________ up, have to be con
sidered. For this (27)__________ , many educationalists are now studying
how boys and girls learn to read. They believe that, since reading is
(28)_________ taught either by mothers or by female primary school
teachers, many boys (29)______ reading as a woman’s activity and this
puts them (30)__________ it.
76
Another factor could be that boys are generally more (31)_________
than girls. When they can’t be the best, they would rather (32)___________
up on education than be considered average. Girls seem much happier to
be second best.
23 A among B between C beside D beyond

24 A method B style C technique D system
25 A by B from C at D with
26 A brought B raised C given D grown
27 A cause B purpose C reason D objective
28 A hardly B generally C rarely D lately
29 A look B notice C see D watch
30 A off B on C across D through
31 A determined B optimistic C possessive D competitive
32 A give B take C break D turn
Task 6
answer (A, B, C or D). Write your answers on the separate sheet
THE NATURAL WORLD
Whenever we read about the natural world nowadays, it is common

(33) ________ dire predictions about its imminent destruction. Some
scientists go so far as to assert that from now on, the world can no longer
be called ‘natural’, in so far as future processes of weather, climate and all
the interactions of plant and animal life (34) __________ longer ______
on in their time-honoured way, unaffected by humans. There will never be
such a thing as ‘natural weather’ again, say such writers, only weather
affected by global warming. It is hard to know whether to believe such
prophets of doom, possibly because what they (35)_________ seems too
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terrible to be true. There are other equally influential scientists who argue
that climate, for example, (36)_________ many times over the centuries
, and that what we (37) ___________now may simply be part of an endless
cycle of change, rather than a disaster on a global scale.
33 A given B to be given C as been given D gave

34 A will no ___ B are not ____ C don’t____ D would____
carry carrying carry no carry
35 A will say B were saying C are saying D have been
saying
36 A changed B has changed C were changed D change
37 A experience B have expe- C will expe- D are expe-
rienced rience riencing
THE GOOD OLD DAYS
Ask any adult over forty to make a comparison between the past and
the present and most will tell you that things (38)___________ steadily
worse for as long as they can remember. Take the weather for example.
Everyone remembers that in their youth the summers were considerably
hotter, and that winter always included abundant falls of snow just when
the school holidays (39)___________.
Of course, the food in those days was far superior too, as nothing was
imported and everything was fresh. Unemployment was negligible, the
money in your pocket really was worth something, and you (40)______buy
a sizeable house even if your means were limited. And above all, people
were somehow nicer in those days, and (41) __________ their free time
on innocent pursuits making model boats and tending their stamp collec
tion rather than gazing at the television screen for hours on end. As we
know, this figure of the past simply (42)__________true, and there are
plenty of statistics dealing with health and prosperity which prove that it
is not true. So, why is it that we all have a tendency to idealise the past and
to be so critical of the present?
(Adapted from: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history)

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38 A got B are getting C have been D had got
getting
39 A had started B have started C start D were starting
40 A could B managed C might D were able
41 A have spent B spent C had spent D spend
42 A must be B could be C may be D cannot be
• TEST 5
READING
Task 1
sheet.
METHODS FOR IMPROVING YOUR MEMORY
Is it really possible to improve your memory? Before your next big

exam, be sure to check out some of these tried and tested techniques for
improving memory.
1.___________________
Attention is one of the major components of memory. To make the
information to move from your short-term memory into your long-term
memory, you need to actively attend to this information. Try to study in a
place free of distractions such as television, music, and other diversions.
2.___________________
Studying materials over a number of sessions gives you the time you
need to adequately process information. Research has continuously shown
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that students who study regularly remember the material far better than
those who do all of their studying in one marathon session.
3.___________________
Another great way to increase your recall is to occasionally change the
conditions of learning. If you’re accustomed to studying in one specific
location, try moving to a different spot during your next study session. If
you study in the evening, try spending a few minutes each morning review
ing the information you studied the previous night. By adding an element
of novelty to your study sessions, you can increase the effectiveness of
your efforts and significantly improve your long-term recall.
4.___________________
Pay attention to the photographs, charts, and other graphics in your
textbooks. If you don’t have visual cues to help, try creating your own.
Draw charts or figures in the margins of your notes or use highlighters or
pens in different colours to group related ideas in your written study ma
terials. Sometimes even just making flashcards of various terms you need
to remember can help cement information in your mind.
5.___________________
When you’re studying new material, take some time to think about
how this unfamiliar information is connected with something you learned
before. By establishing relationships between new ideas and previously
existing memories, you can dramatically increase the likelihood of recall
ing the recently learned information.
(Adapted from: https://www.verywellmind.com/
great-ways-to-improve-your-memory-2795356)
A Relate new information to things you already know.

B Elaborate and rehearse.
C Structure and organize.
D Vary your study routine.
E Take a lot of photos.
F Visualize concepts.
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G Focus your attention.
H Avoid spontaneous learning.
Task 2
GOOGLE DISCOVERS THE SECRET

TO THE PERFECT TEAM
A few years ago, the internet giant Google started a new and challeng
ing research. The aim of the research was to figure out why some teams
perform well while other teams are not really efficient: “We were pretty
confident that we’d find the perfect mix of individual traits and skills
necessary for a stellar team – take one Rhodes Scholar, two extroverts, one
engineer who rocks at AngularJS, and a PhD”. The project was called
“Project Aristotle”, a tribute to the philosopher’s famous quote: “The whole
is greater than the sum of its parts”. The project took several years and
included analysis of data about the people on more than 180 active teams
at the company.
To define “effectiveness”, researchers decided on assessment criteria
that measured both qualitative and quantitative data. They analyzed dozens
of teams and interviewed hundreds of executives, team leaders, and team
members, to get as accurate a picture as possible, from multiple perspec
tives. To start with, researchers selected the teams to study, including both
high- and low-performing. They then investigated the data and interviewed
hundreds of executives, team leaders, and team members.
And here’s where it gets interesting: it turned out that the secret to a
high-performing team lies less in the individuals that make it up, but
more in the wider team dynamics: “Who is on a team matters less than
how the team members interact, structure their work, and view their
contributions.” Another surprising finding was that when it came to
measuring effectiveness, the opinions of executives and team members
varied. Executives cared much more about results (e.g., sales numbers
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or product launches), while individual team members tend to appreciate
“psychological safety,” a model of teamwork in which members have
a shared belief that it is safe to take risks and share a range of ideas
without the fear of being humiliated.
On the surface, this may not seem surprising. But it actually reveals a
major insight: to build a successful team, you must find the balance be
tween results and psychological safety. Why is this so important? Think
about it: you could have the highest performing team in the world, but if
the individual team members don’t feel safe and comfortable, that team
won’t last very long. Individuals will seek out a better environment; so,
any success the team enjoys will be short-lived. What if team members
feel they enjoy a great culture but produce poor results? Obviously, this
isn’t sustainable either. The company will lose money, and the team will
eventually break up.
But what if the company finds a way to make individual team members
feel safe and trusted while motivating them to achieve the best possible
results? In this case you’ve got the best of both worlds.
(Adapted from: https://thriveglobal.com/stories/

according-to-google-great-teams-possess-these-5-qualities/)
6. The main objective of “Project Aristotle” was ...

A. to know the secret to building a more productive team.
B. to pay tribute to the great philosopher.
C. to eliminate the teams which are not efficient.
D. to prove that “The whole is greater than the sum of its parts”.
7. The focus of the researchers’ analysis was...
A. teams working within Google company.
B. managers and directors.
C. company employees.
D. All of the mentioned above.
8. What information about the study results can be implied from the
third paragraph?
A. T eam leaders and individual team members pointed out similar
factors that influence team effectiveness.
B. The study results confirmed the researchers’ initial opinions.
82
C. It found out that individual team members cared much about the
outcomes.
D. The researchers’ findings could not have been further from their
initial assumptions.
9. What does the word insight (paragraph 4) most likely mean?
A. Consequences.
B. Balancing between results and psychological safety.
C. Deeper understanding.
D. The highest performance.
10. According to the text, which of the following statements is NOT
true?
A. The research lasted more than one year.
B. The initial idea was that the best teams developed when the best
people were put together on a project.
C. High-performing teams participated in the research.
D. The atmosphere of safety greatly facilitates building an effective
team.
Task 3
separate sheet.
TOP-RATED TOURIST ATTRACTIONS

IN ENGLAND OUTSIDE LONDON
11.__________________
Stonehenge, 10 miles north of Salisbury on Salisbury Plain, is Europe’s
best-known prehistoric monument. In fact, this attraction is so popular that
visitors need to purchase a timed ticket beforehand to guarantee entry).
Exhibitions at the excellent visitor centre set the stage for a visit, explain
ing through audio-visual experiences and more than 250 ancient ob
jects how the megaliths were erected and telling about life when they were
placed here, between 3000 and 1500 BC. After walking around the enor
83
mous stones, visit the authentic replicas of Neolithic Houses to see the
tools and implements of everyday Neolithic life as volunteers demonstrate
skills from 4,500 years ago. Although you can’t go inside the circle to
wander among the stones during normal opening hours, you can re
serve special early morning or late evening access into the circle through
English Heritage, which manages the site.
12.__________________
If you only have time to visit one smaller city in England, you
couldn’t do much better than Bath. This remarkably beautiful city boasts
more fantastic tourist attractions than you could hope to visit in a day.
While most famous for the magnificent 2,000-year-old Roman Baths built
around the city’s rejuvenating hot springs, it’s equally well known for
its honey-coloured Georgian Townhouses such as those located on
Royal Crescent. Some 500 of the city’s buildings are considered of his
torical or architectural importance, a fact that has resulted in the entire
city being granted World Heritage status. Bath makes an ideal location
from which to explore some of England’s most stunning countryside,
including the Avon Valley, the Mendip Hills, and countless other fan
tastic Somerset landmarks.
13.__________________
The magnificent York Minster is second in importance in the Church
of England only to the cathedral at Canterbury. It stands in the centre of
York, surrounded by picturesque houses, shops and medieval churches. In
turn, York’s romantic streets are surrounded by three miles of magnificent
town walls that you can walk atop for views of the city and its surround
ings. See the best views in York after climbing the 275 steps up the Central
Tower leading you to the highest point in the area.
14.__________________
Covering some 900 square miles, the Lake District National Park
is a must-visit destination for travellers to England. With 12 of the
country’s largest lakes and more than 2,000 miles of rights of way
waiting to be explored, there’s little wonder the region continues to
inspire, with its magnificent views and scenery straight out of a paint
84
ing. Other things to do include visiting the park’s many fells, includ
ing Scafell Pike (3,210 feet), the highest mountain in England; lovely
little towns and villages such as Grasmere; as well as boat excur
sions across Lake Windermere and Ullswater.
15.__________________
Located in the heart of the historic city that bears its name, Canter
bury Cathedral is home to the Archbishop of Canterbury and is the
cradle of English Christianity. It all started when St. Augustine con
verted the pagan Anglo Saxons here in 597 when he became the first
bishop. But there’s much more to this beautiful medieval city than its
cathedral. Canterbury is also a popular cultural and entertainment desti
nation with great shopping, galleries, and cafés, as well as attractions
such as those focused on Chaucer’s medieval England and the city’s
Roman past.
16.__________________
The Cotswolds cover some 787 square miles and encompass parts of
some of England’s prettiest counties – Gloucestershire, Oxfordshire, Wilt
shire, Somerset, Worcestershire, and Warwickshire. And all of it begs to
be explored. Designated an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty due to its
rare limestone grassland habitats and old growth beech woodlands, the
beauty of the Cotswolds has much to do with its quaint villages and towns,
such as Castle Combe, Chipping Norton, and Tetbury. Like so much of
England, the Cotswolds is perfect to discover on foot, particularly along
the Cotswold Way, a 10-mile footpath with spectacular views of the Sev
ern Valley and the Vale of Evesham.
(Adapted from: https://www.planetware.com/

tourist-attractions/england-eng.htm)
Which attraction__________________?
A can boast of well-preserved ancient remains?

B requires booking in advance?
C provides a possibility of a spectacular sight of the city?
85
D offers truly memorable English family excursions?
E is the Mother Church of the English Anglican Communion?
F serves as a backdrop to medieval-themed events and re-enactments?
G covers the largest area?
H is home to some of the most charming, unspoiled, picturesque
places in England?
Task 4
EXPEDITION TO ANTARCTICA: VOLUNTEERS WANTED
Airbnb is looking for five people to embark on an all-paid month-long

trip to Antarctica (17)__________ humans are having on the isolated
continent. Private travel to Antarctica is generally very expensive, with
many 10-day tours costing upward of $5,000 and luxury options costing
more than $50,000. Airbnb described the trip (18)__________ to travel to
Earth’s most remote continent”.
The five people selected to become “volunteer citizen scientists” will
collect snow samples and study the extent to which microplastics have
reached Antarctica. No formal qualifications are required to be considered
for the position; (19)__________ with “an adventurous spirit, passion for
the environment and willingness to apply.” However, candidates must be
over 18 to apply for the programme and be able to travel for a month be
tween November and December. Applicants must also be able to speak
conversational English.
Before traveling to Antarctica, participants will attend immersion
training in Punta Arenas, Chile, to complete courses on glaciology and
field sampling, (20)__________. They will return to Chile after complet
ing their field research to analyze the findings. During the trip, volunteers
will be given time to visit the South Pole and other Antarctic sites.
86
The Antarctic Sabbatical is part of a wider scheme (21)__________,
which the firm says is intended to encourage people to take career breaks
to complete community projects. It follows the “Italian Sabbatical,”
a project (22)__________. More than 280,000 people from all over
the world applied to take part in the three-month trip, which concluded
in August.
(Adapted from: https://www.cnbc.com/2019/09/27/airbnb-

is-offering-five-volunteers-a-month-long-trip-to-antarctica.html)
A as well as lab work and equipment practice

B being rolled out by Airbnb
C that sent five people to restore the Italian village of Grottole
D as “an unprecedented opportunity for five passionate individuals
E with a sense of global citizenship
F instead, Airbnb is looking for people
G to study the environmental impact
H to apply for the Antarctic Sabbatical

USE OF ENGLISH
Task 5
THE MILLIONTH WORD IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE
A US web monitoring firm has (23)_________ the millionth English

word to be Web 2.0, a term for the latest generation of web products and
services. Matt Frei reports on English’s unique linguistic evolution and
then spoke to Global Language Monitor’s representative who helped find
this millionth English word.
87
GLM (24)_________ a powerful search service which monitors web
traffic. What they also do is search for newly (25)_________ words.
Once a word has been used 25,000 times on social (26)_________ sites
and such like, GLM declares it to be a new word. By their calculations
a new word is created in English (27)_________ 98 minutes.
If you talk to lexicographers, however, dictionary professionals, they
(28)_________ a slightly different story. Dictionaries have tighter crite
ria about what (29)_________ a new word, for example, it has to be used
over a certain period of time. Lexicographers will tell you that the exact
size of English vocabulary is impossible to quantify, but if you
(30)_________ every technical term or specialist words then we’re
already way beyond a million.
And if you restrict inclusion of specialist slang, then there are pos
sibly three quarters of a million words in English. All of which is way
beyond the 20 – 40,000 words that a fluent speaker would use, or the few
thousand you could (31)_________ with in English. Basically, with
1.5 billion people speaking some version of the language, it’s small
wonder English is the fastest (32)_________ language in the world.
(Adapted from: https://www.languagemonitor.com/global-

english/1000000th-english-word-announced/)
23 A declared B claimed C created D instructed

24 A makes B sets C jogs D runs
25 A invented B discovered C found D learnt
26 A official B coworking C networking D collaborating
27 A every B each C same D any
28 A say B tell C make D remember
29 A deals B commits C does D makes
30 A except B accept C extent D accent
31 A get at B get for C get by D get up
32 A growing B rising C raising D widening
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Task 6
MARIA MONTESSORI
Maria Montessori was an Italian educator (33)_________ has left

her mark on education today. Her “Montessori method” of education is
(34)_________ used all round the world. Many educationalists say it is
the best system for child tuition. Montessori was also a doctor, philoso
pher and philanthropist. She (35)_________ for the Nobel Peace Prize
three times for her work.
Montessori was the first woman (36)_________ from the University
of Rome Medical School. She trained (37)_________ a psychiatrist and
was interested in educating the “mentally retarded” and others with
learning difficulties. She had great success when her class of “problem
atic” 8-year-olds had above-average scores in state reading and writing
tests. This was described as “the first Montessori miracle”.
Hearing about Maria’s achievements, Rome’s government asked her
to start her own (38)_________ school. In 1907, the Casa dei Bambini
opened in a poor neighbourhood of Rome. Montessori experimented with
a philosophy she called “spontaneous self-development”, which meant
letting children (39)_________ and learn at their own pace. Her methods
once again met with great success. More schools opened and she gained
worldwide (40)_________.
Montessori was exiled from Italy because she refused to allow her
schools (41)_________ children into soldiers. She lived in Spain until
the Spanish Civil War broke out in 1936. In 1939 she moved to India and
spent ten years (42)_________ on training courses, which are still seen
as innovative today. She travelled around the world lecturing until her
death in 1952.
(Adapted from: https://famouspeoplelessons.com/

m/maria_montessori.html)
89
33 A who B what C when D whose
34 A wide B wider C widely D widen
35 A nominated B is nominated C been D was
nominated nominated
36 A expelled B graduated C to graduate D graduating
37 A as B like C that D such
38 A children’s B children’ C childrens’ D childrens’s
39 A developing B to develop C develops D develop
40 A famous B famously C fame D famed
41 A turn B to turn C turning D turned
42 A work B working C worked D to work
• TEST 6
READING
Task 1
sheet.
WORLD’S DEADLIEST INVENTOR:

MIKHAIL KALASHNIKOV
What is the deadliest weapon of the 20th century? Perhaps you think
first of the atomic bomb, estimated to have killed as many as 200 000
people when the United States dropped two on the Japanese cities of Hi
roshima and Nagasaki in 1945.
90
1.___________________
But another weapon is responsible for far more deaths – numbering
up into the millions. It’s the Kalashnikov assault rifle, commonly known
as the AK-47. Originally developed in secrecy for the Soviet military, an
estimated 100 million AK-47s and its variants have been produced to date.
This gun is now found throughout the world, including in the hands of
many American civilians.
2.___________________
Russian Mikhail Kalashnikov invented the weapon that bears his name
in the middle of the 20th century. Born on Nov. 10, 1919, Kalashnikov
was a tank mechanic in the Soviet military during the Second World War.
Having seen firsthand the combat advantage conferred by Germany’s
superior firearms, Kalashnikov resolved to develop a better weapon. While
still in the military, he produced several designs that lost out to competitors
before eventually producing the first AK-47.
3.___________________
The name of Kalashnikov’s greatest invention stands for Automat
Kalashnikova 1947, the year it was first produced. In 1959, production
began on his AKM, which replaced the AK-47’s milled receiver with one
made of stamped metal, making it both lighter and less expensive to pro
duce. He also developed the cartridge-fed PK machine gun. Modified
AK-47s are still in production in countries around the world.
4.___________________
The U. S. military has acted as a distributor of the weapon in conflicts
in Afghanistan and Iraq. With a service life of 20 to 40 years, AKs are
easily relocated and repurposed. It also boasts legendary reliability under
harsh conditions ranging from waterlogged jungles to Middle Eastern
sandstorms, in both extreme cold and heat.
5._________________
The world’s most abundant firearm is also well suited to crime and
terrorism. The hostage-takers who stormed the Olympic Village in Munich
91
in 1972 were armed with Kalashnikovs, and mass shooters in the U. S.
have used semi-automatic versions of the weapon in killings in Stockton,
California, and Dallas.
(Adapted from: https://scitechdaily.com/worlds-deadliest-

inventor-mikhail-kalashnikov-father-of-ak-47/)
A Upgrade of the previous version

B You can count on it despite the climate
C Initially, it was designed only for the Soviet army
D Originally, it was produced both for the military and the civilians
E Kalashnikov had made some attempts to improve his invention
F Consequences caused by its plenty
G AK-47 was the best weapon during the war
H The production of AK-47 has contributed to the number of crimes
Task 2
QUEEN NEFERTARI’S TOMB BROUGHT BACK

FROM THE DEAD IN KANSAS CITY
“This was definitely a life-changing project in many ways,” says Julián

Zugazagoia, the director of the Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, about the
restoration of Queen Nefertari’s tomb in Egypt. Zugazagoitia worked on
it in the early 1990s as a consultant with the Getty Conservation Institute,
which gave the young art historian his first major curatorial experience.
Built around 1250BC, Nefertari’s tomb was excavated in 1904 by the
Italian archaeologist Ernesto Schiaparelli who was the director of Museo
Egizio in Turin (from where the exhibition draws its 230 artefacts). The
burial chamber had long before been looted of artefacts by tomb raiders,
who left behind just bits and pieces.
92
The tomb was closed to the public in 1950. After decades of visits to
the site, and partly due to humidity introduced into the chamber by visitors’
breath, the mural plaster had begun to detach from the stone walls. A team
led by the husband and wife conservators Laura and Paolo Mora, funded
by the Getty with the cooperation of the Egyptian Antiquities Organisation,
subsequently spent six years painstakingly reattaching and securing the
murals.
As the tomb was being prepared for its reopening in the mid-1990s,
Zugazagoitia was drawn to how restored but still delicate sites could be
safely visited by the public. One potential solution was a technology still
in its infancy 30 years ago – virtual reality (VR). A VR tour of the tomb
was eventually created a few years later, when Zugazagoitia organised the
1994 blockbuster Nefertari: Light of Egypt at the Palazzo Ruspoli in Rome.
On top of the technological advances, the way society has progressed
has changed how Nefertari’s story is presented, Zugazagoitia says. “While
we were very proud to feature a woman, and a very important woman, 25
years ago, it was a statement, but it was not as powerful as what you can
read into it today,” he says. “I think there’s a more focused story to be told
around Nefertari, and all the themes around her – about the role of women
and their power – that makes her come alive much more vividly.” Perhaps
for him more than most. “She is almost a relative now.”
(Adapted from:https://www.theartnewspaper.com/preview/queen-
nefertari-s-tomb-brought-back-from-the-dead-in-kansas-exhibition)
6. What significant thing did Julián Zugazagoia gain working on the

project?
A. Restoration of the Queen Nefertari’s tomb.
B. Changes in his life.
C. Being in charge of the project.
D. He became a director.
7. What does the expression “bits and pieces” mean in the text?
A. Artefacts had almost disappeared.
B. Exhibits were broken into small pieces.
C. The tomb had been badly destroyed because of excavation.
D. Almost all artefacts were stolen.
8. Why did Laura and Paolo Mora were trying to restore the murals?
A. To get more funding from the Getty.
B. Because wetness destroyed the tomb.
C. To cooperate with the Egyptian Antiquities Organisation.
D. To close the chamber for visitors.
9. When Zugazagoia decided to use VR technology
A. It was very new and still developing.
B. It had been finally designed.
C. He immediately organised the tomb’s reopening.
D. A VR became the blockbuster.
10. Why has the Nefertari’s story turned out so progressive?
A. Because of the gender shifts in society.
B. Because Nefertari was a strong and powerful woman.
C. Nefertari is a good example for the advanced women to follow.
D. Because Zugazagoia has used a lot of technological advances.
Task 3
separate sheet.
CHINA ANNIVERSARY: BEIJING CELEBRATIONS

MARK 70 YEARS OF COMMUNIST RULE
11.______________
On 1 October 1949, Mao Zedong – or Chairman Mao – announced the
formation of the PRC, after communist forces won a bloody civil war.
Modern China has since developed at an extraordinary pace, but it has also
one of the world’s most restrictive states.
12.______________
The celebrations were overshadowed as thousands took to Hong Kong
streets, with some violent clashes breaking out. Police fired tear gas and
94
made arrests as people blocked roads, as they protested against what they
say is increasing control by Beijing over the territory’s society and politics.
13._______________
According to the Ministry of National Defence, around 15 000 military
personnel, 580 pieces of military equipment and 160 aircraft made an ap
pearance at the parade. The nation’s newest military technology was on
full display – military tanks, helicopters and even the DF-41 – China’s
new intercontinental ballistic missile – was spotted. Security has been high
in central Beijing for weeks – there are strict controls on flying kites or
drones around the parade area. Even racing pigeons have been banned.
14._______________
Police had earlier said they received credible intelligence that activists
were planning a major violent escalation in the city, setting fire to shops
and railway stations. At least 15 metro stations and numerous shopping
centres in the city have been closed, and some 6 000 officers have been
deployed in the territory.
15.______________
Hong Kong has been a part of China since 1997 but has its own system
of law and government – known as One Country Two Systems. In a speech
given on the eve of the 70th anniversary celebrations, President Xi prom
ised to “fully and faithfully implement” the principles of this system. But
in recent years, there has been increasing opposition to what has been seen
as the growing influence of Beijing on Hong Kong’s society and politics.
16.______________
Hong Kong always sees anti-Beijing protests on 1 October, and this
year they are expected to be larger than ever, because of the months of
unrest triggered by proposed changes to the extradition law. The changes
would have made it possible for China to extradite people to the mainland
from Hong Kong, something opponents felt put Hong Kongers at risk of
persecution in unfair trials.
(Adapted from: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-49808078)

95
A causes of the fights

B limitation of freedoms
C the strength of armed forces
D China’s laws and government
E fights in Hong Kong
F the newest military equipment
G getting secret data by police
H struggle against Beijing’s political pressure
Task 4
TOP TIPS FOR GRADUATES SEEKING WORK
Graduating from university is an exciting time. But figuring out your

next steps can be daunting. Luckily, the experiences you’ve had while at
university can help you to find your first job – you’ve just got to reflect
(17)___________ while studying. Then you’ve got to use those expe
riences to create an application that will impress employers.
The main thing to figure out is what you want to do. “Find something
that will make you happy and that you enjoy,” Madahar says. “If you
enjoy something, you’ll put (18)__________ into it.” But what if you’re
not sure what you enjoy? You can find out by visiting a careers coach.
Some students are unsure how a careers adviser can help them, but a coach
will help you work out who you are, what you enjoy and what you’re good
at, through assessments and counselling.
Once you’ve worked out what you want to apply for, you’ll need to
put in (19)__________. When it comes to CVs, the key is to personalise
it, Leanne Newton, a careers consultant at UWE Bristol, says.
96
For cover letters, it’s important (20)___________, Newton says.
“Find out what their ethos is, and how charitable they are, as well as how
green and sustainable they are,” she says. And don’t just tell them what
they already know about their company, such as that they are a world
leader in their field, she says.
Just as important as a good application is to keep on top of social
media. An employer will likely Google you and check out any social me
dia accounts you have.
Make the most (21)___________ at university because this will
help you when you graduate. “Employers like spirited students and
graduates who have done a number of things,” Newton says. This could
be anything, from a year-long placement, to work experience, or a
summer internship. It could also mean working as a student ambassador,
working for the students’ union, volunteering or participating in a stu
dent society.
Overall, finding your first job after graduating doesn’t have to be full
of stress. All of the opportunities you’ve (22)__________ of during your
student days, and the lessons you’ve learned, will help you to make your
next steps – you’ve just got to think about all that you’ve achieved while
at university and let that guide your next move.
(Adapted from:https://www.theguardian.com/
more-than-a-degree/2019/jun/11/tailoring-your-
cv-is-key-top-tips-for-graduates-seeking-work)
A apply for
B scientific research
C a good application
D to research the employer
E of your time
F on what you’ve learned
G your heart and soul
H taken advantage
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USE OF ENGLISH
Task 5
HOW A TV REVOLUTION SWEPT THE 2010S

The past 10 years have rung in some huge changes for television –
perhaps greater than in any other single decade. We have moved from the
(23) ________ watch to the all-night binge; seen the rise of Netflix from
an online DVD rental service to the world’s biggest streaming platform;
and with the (24)________ of social media, found our own little corners
of the world to hang out in and discuss the shows we loved, hated and
obsessed over.
The biggest shift that occurred was in the way we watched TV. In 2010,
we still all viewed it at the same time. Thanks to the continued cultural
reach of The Sopranos and The Wire, prestige cable networks like HBO
and its peers AMC, Showtime and FX monopolised the cultural conversa
tion. The decision by Netflix to start (25)__________ its own original
content changed the way in which we consumed television.
The (26)_________ of Netflix both opened up the world to
(27)________ – these days it offers everything from Korean period drama
to German horror – and made them more atomised. Where once television
was a shared experience something discussed at work and debated with
friends – now our viewing is increasingly fragmented. We watch more
greedily, but, increasingly, we watch alone.
The era of prestige cable TV was also the age of the anti-hero. From
Mad Men’s Don Draper to Breaking Bad’s Walter White, not forgetting
Tony Soprano, Jimmy McNulty, Vic Mackey and Jax Teller, TV drama
was stuffed full of brooding, complicated men doing the wrong thing even
as they (28)_______ to get it right.
But, as the decade progressed so the types of men we saw on screen
began to change, with fewer alpha-males, and more questioning of mas
culine norms. Take last year’s Bodyguard, for example, which (29)_______
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to be both an edge-of-your-seat thriller and a subtle examination of male
vulnerability. The lead David Budd (Richard Madden) was not a James
Bond-like tough guy, despite his job (30)_______ the British government’s
Home Secretary, but a conflicted former soldier struggling with PTSD and
too proud initially to get help.
The death of the anti-hero came in tandem with a rise in female show
runners, who were responsible for leading shows as diverse as Orange is
the New Black, Scandal, Transparent and Unreal. The creator of the
(31)________, Shonda Rhimes, would go on to be (32)________ her very
own night on ABC on which, in affirmation of her talent, only shows
produced by Shondaland, as her production company is named, were aired.
(Adapted from: http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/

20191212-how-a-tv-revolution-swept-the-2010s)
23 A weekly B weekend C weekday D week

24 A grew B growing C growth D grow
25 A producing B production C to produce D produced
26 A arrived B arrive C arrival D arriving
27 A spectators B audiences C fans D followers
28 A achieved B struggled C sought D fought
29 A managed B succeeded C handled D performed
30 A to defend B defence C protection D protecting
31 A least B late C latter D latest
32 A praised B prized C awarded D rewarded
Task 6
FROM “HOUSE SCREAMER”

TO FOUR-TIME GRAMMY NOMINEE
British singer Yola says her phone and Insta messages “blew up” when
she realised she had four nominations for the 2020 Grammys. Alongside
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Radiohead’s Thom Yorke, that’s the most of any British artist including
big names (33)________ Lewis Capaldi and Ed Sheeran.
However, despite being nominated in a new talent category, the sing
er says it’s (34)______ a long journey to get where she is now. “It’s been
a struggle”, she tells Radio 1 Newsbeat, backstage before her recent gig
in London. “When people care (35)________ what you’re doing for your
self, it’s very validating. I had those times when I was told no one wanted
to hear me or they wanted (36)______ the person next to me. It hurt every
time”.
Over the years, she’s gone through the highs and lows of the music
industry. She was in the band Phantom Limb (under her full name Yolan
da Quartey) but also experienced homelessness and slept on friends’
couches and mattresses. She also (37)_______ to deal with numerous
people telling her she wouldn’t make it as a solo artist and to (38)________
up her dream.
To conquer it, she says took “complete belief” that she could be suc
cessful. “I can sing a song. I can write a song. I have confidence in those
two skills. If someone says they have a problem with that I can say they’re
wrong – as clearly as night is night and day is day”.
Years before, she had a career as (what she calls) a “house screamer”,
providing vocals on anthems such as Chase and Status’s Blind Faith and
Duke Dumont’s Won’t Look Back. She was a touring vocalist with Mas
sive Attack and her samples (39)_________ used on Chemical Brothers’
tracks. But that genre wasn’t her passion.
Instead, to pursue the music she wanted to make, she went to the home
of country music – Nashville. It’s a city which she says is “far more
(40) _________than a lot of people are aware”. “When you go there to
work and you say you’re a musician, people look at you like you just told
them you’re a doctor. It’s serious business”. Initially, Nashville was in
timidating for her because there was “a legend in every studio”.
“It took me a little while to get over the fear thing. I really wasn’t
embodying that stereotype of the strong black woman. Instead, I was the
(41)_________ black woman.
“It’s insane but it’s conditioning. They don’t realise they’re sexist.
They just don’t have any female friends or work with any females. They
don’t realise they have cognitive bias on issues of race. They just don’t
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have any friends of colour. “You don’t realise you have these problems
until you end (42)______ having to call on them in some way, or call on
their support... not even to do anything, just to not be down on you for
trying to live your best life”.
(Adapted from: https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-

50746433?intlink_from_url=https://www.bbc.com/news/
entertainment_and_arts&link_location=live-reporting-story)
33 A such B like C as D how

34 A – B to be C being D been
35 A about B for C of D -
36 A to hear B hear C heard D hearing
37 A ought B had C could D was able
38 A give B take C make D look
39 A had B were C have D are
40 A influent B influencing C influential D influenced
41 A terrific B terrifying C terrified D terrible
42 A with B in C down D up
• TEST 7
READING
Task 1
sheet.
WHY YOU SHOULD BE SCHEDULING YOUR FREE TIME

In an ideal world, we’d be able to have it all. Work. Family. Social life.
Hobbies. But our reality doesn’t always play out that way. Work takes up
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the majority of our “work-life balance” equation. And what’s the first thing
to go when we start feeling overworked? Our hobbies. A growing body of
research has found that spending time on hobbies not only makes us hap
pier and more relaxed but also improves our workplace productivity, focus,
and creativity. So how do we go about making sure we make time for our
hobbies in our already busy schedule?
1.__________________
Most of us are so overworked that all we want to do when we’re not
working is turn our brains off. This means binge-watching TV or scroll
ing mindlessly through social media. Unfortunately, all that time spent
trying to “turn your brain off” doesn’t really do what you want it to.
Research shows that while binge-watching TV or scrolling through social
media gives us a momentary release of dopamine (i.e. the “pleasure”
chemical), we’re hit with a crash of reality afterward. This makes sense
when you see binge-watching and similar passive activities as a form of
escapism. Rather than doing something that makes you feel positive,
your hobby, for example, you’re trying to push aside your nagging
thoughts.
2.___________________
In his book, Rest: Why You Get More Done When You Work Less,
author Alex Pang describes example after example of famously productive
people who took on difficult and meaningful hobbies during their down
time. He calls this Deliberate Rest: “Deliberate rest helps you recover
from the stresses and exhaustion of the day, allows new experiences and
lessons to settle in your memory, and gives your subconscious mind space
to keep working.” Hobbies help you disconnect from work, which leads
to less fatigue, stress, and burnout.
3.___________________
The skills you master during your downtime don’t just help with that
hobby but also work their way into your workday. This is especially true
if your hobby is a creative one. The researchers found that “creative activ-
ity while away from work may be a leisure activity that provides employees
essential resources to perform at a high level.”
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4.___________________
Work has become so much a part of our lives that it’s become the core
part of our identity. However, a hobby helps you broaden your identity and
get perspective on the importance of work-life balance. Hobbies are a
powerful way to not just disconnect from work but also gain perspective.
5.___________________
Your work will inevitably influence your hobbies. But your hobbies
can also influence your work. As F. Scott Fitzgerald, Salman Rushdie,
Dorothy Sayers, Don DeLillo, and Joseph Heller were all advertising
copywriters before becoming full-time novelists. For Rushdie, his copy
writing work informed how he approached writing and was essential in
helping him turn his hobby into his career. “I do feel that a lot of the
professional craft of writing is something I learned from those years in
advertising and I’ll always be grateful for it.” The opposite approach is
also true. The skills you learn from your hobby can help you be more
creative at work. The connections you make from it can also help at work
or even put you in touch with people you wouldn’t otherwise have a good
reason to connect with.
(Adapted from: https://blog.rescuetime.com/

hobbies-schedule-leisure-time/)
A Why you should choose hobbies over leisure when you have a break
from work
B The ways to make more time for your hobbies.
C Mastering new skills (even non-work ones) makes you more con
fident at work
D The best hobby is to do something creative.
E Your hobby could become your next dream job.
F Why hobbies make you more creative, productive, and psycho
logically healthier.
G Famous writers’ hobbies.
H Getting outside your head helps you gain perspective and psycho
logical distance.
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Task 2
LIVING YOUR PRIORITIES
To live according to your priorities, create a schedule that puts them

at the forefront. Make a to-do list each day with deadlines, and set priori
ties by giving a number to each task on your list, putting the most impor
tant things first, Elmore suggests. “It’s not fun things first, quick things
first, or easy things first—but first things first”, he says. For many of us,
our true priorities are personal, such as family, says Clayton. “When some
one is concerned with whether or not they have placed a high enough
priority on family, I ask them why they work”, he says. “More times than
not, the answers I hear are that people work to have a bigger or nicer house,
or to take really nice vacations. The answers tend to come back to family,
but are rooted in materialism”.
Manage interruptions by putting margins in your calendar for unex
pected people, but don’t get distracted, adds Elmore. Question everything:
“Don’t let sacred cows keep you from eliminating unnecessary or unpro
ductive tasks”, he says. “Aim for excellence, not perfection. Trying to be
perfect can prevent progress”.
Learn to be “strategically selfish” at work, says Clayton. “Try to
identify scenarios in which you can say ‘no,’ saving time by being more
productive,” he says. For example, saying “no” to a side project at work
can free up time for you to work on primary objectives. Or make a plan to
work hard today so you can be in a position of more leverage later. “There
are times in your careers when you need to say ‘yes’ a lot and earn social
capital with supervisors and colleagues”, says Clayton. “I firmly believe
that. But I also believe there are things we can say ‘no’ to as well without
consequence”.
Schedule regular “time outs” in your week to check in with your pri
orities, says Kennedy. It can be as simple as a five-minute walk or a day
off to do something you enjoy. “We can often put our own needs last in
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our effort to meet the needs of everyone else”, says Kennedy. “We might
not ask for help because we think that admitting we have too much on our
plate might be seen as a weakness. We could also believe that we are al
ready maxed out”.
But forgoing the opportunity to recharge your battery will continue the
cycle of exhaustion, which can have damaging consequences, says Ken
nedy. “It is important to proactively address it before we have to, unfor
tunately, react to it”, she says. “If we utilize the resources around us, we
are not weak; we are being real with ourselves. That is self-awareness, and
it is a strength that can continue to be developed throughout our lives”.
(Adapted from: https://www.fastcompany.com/40552870/

this-is-how-you-should-be-prioritizing-your-work-and-life)
6. What is correct according to the first passage?

A. It’s not a fun to make a to-do list.
B. You should put your priority things list for every day.
C. Some people work hard because they put their families their
priorities.
D. Think carefully and choose between family and materialism.
7. What can you assume from the second paragraph?
A. You should always leave some time for unexpected people.
B. You should presuppose some time for definite unexpected things.
C. You should eliminate unexpected people from your schedule list.
D. You should interrupt and get distracted from unexpected people.
8. What does it mean to be “strategically selfish”, according to the
third paragraph?
A. Being concentrated on something more important.
B. Making a plan how to work harder.
C. Being able to say ‘no’.
D. Earning social capital with the colleagues and supervisors.
9. According to the fourth paragraph we…
A. may ask ‘time outs’ because we might be weak.
B. need some time for helping others.
C. sometimes should put our needs before the needs of others.
D. need ‘time outs’ not to be exhausted.
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10. What does the pronoun ‘IT’ in bold in the last passage stand for?
A. the opportunity to have some rest
B. the condition when you are exhausted
C. recharged battery
D. charged battery
Task 3
separate sheet.
11.__________________
These are collections of stores; that is a grouping of several busi
nesses in a compact geographic area. It consists of a collection of retail,
entertainment and service stores designed to serve products and services
to the surrounding region. Typical examples include shopping malls, town
squares, flea markets and bazaars.
12.___________________
They are divided into multiple categories of shops which sell a se
lected set of goods or services. Usually they are tiered by target demograph
ics based on the disposable income of the shopper. They can be tiered from
cheap to pricey. Various types of retail stores that specialize in the selling
of goods related to a theme include bookstores, boutiques, candy shops,
liquor stores, gift shops, hardware stores, hobby stores, pet stores, pharma
cies, sex shops and supermarkets. Other types of this are as big-box stores,
hypermarkets, convenience stores, department stores, general stores, dol
lar stores sell a wider variety of products.
13.___________________
Modern technology (such as television, telephones, and the Internet),
in combination with electronic commerce, allow consumers to shop from
home. There are three main types of home shopping: mail or telephone
106
ordering from catalogs; telephone ordering in response to advertisements
in print and electronic media; and online shopping. This kind of shopping
has completely redefined the way people make their buying decisions; the
Internet provides access to a lot of information about a particular product,
which can be looked at, evaluated, and comparison-priced at any given
time. This kind of shopping allows the buyer to save the time and expense,
which would have been spent traveling to the store or mall.
14.___________________
They sell essential goods and services to the residential area they are
located in. There can be many groups of neighbourhood retailers in dif
ferent areas of a region or city, but destination retailers are often part of
shopping malls where the numbers of consumers is higher than that of a
neighbourhood retail area. The destination retailers are becoming more
prevalent as they can provide a community with more than the essentials;
they offer an experience, and a wider scope of goods and services.
15.___________________
This is a type of street market that provides space for vendors to sell
previously-owned (second-hand) merchandise. Consistently, there tends
to be an emphasis on sustainable consumption whereby items such as
used goods, collectibles, antiques and vintage clothing can be purchased
This vending is distinguished from street vending in that the market
alone, and not any other public attraction, brings in buyers. There are a
variety of vendors: some part-time who consider their work at flea mar
kets a hobby due to their possession of an alternative job; full-time
vendors who dedicate all their time to their stalls and collection of mer
chandise and rely solely from the profits made at the market. Vendors
require skill in following retro and vintage trends, as well as selecting
merchandise which connects with the culture and identity of their cus
tomers.
16.__________________
This was a permanently enclosed marketplace or street where goods
and services are exchanged or sold. Now it means an assortment of stalls
lining streets selling a large variety of goods. The term naming this origi
107
nates from the Persian word is sometimes also used to refer to the “network
of merchants, bankers and craftsmen” who work in that area. Although the
current meaning of the word is believed to have originated in Persia, its
use has spread and now has been accepted into the vernacular in countries
around the world.
(Adapted from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shopping)
A A bazaar
B The neighbourhood retailers
C Shopping centers
D Antique shops
E Online shopping
F A flea market
G Craftsmen shops
H Stores
Task 4
“Clothes”, Virginia Woolf tells us in Orlando, have “more important

offices than merely to keep us warm; they change our view of the world
and the world’s view of us”. They are our social shells; projections of our
inner selves; indicators of wealth and status. From an early age literature
teaches us how to “read” an outfit, beginning with the children’s fairy
stories where we learn to recognize the wicked witch by her black robes.
In a novel, a beautifully described outfit can be used to enhance charac
terisation, (17) _________ or create a powerful visual snapshot of a scene.
A pair of trousers, a dress, a hat may carry any number of political, social
and aesthetic meanings.
108
This is particularly true of the clothing of female characters, whose
identity has typically been more closely linked to their outer appearance
than (18) __________. When Jane Eyre refuses Mr Rochester’s gowns
of pink satin and rich silk, (19) __________ the greys and blacks of
a sober governess, we understand that she is asserting her independence;
her right to be treated as her future husband’s equal and not his plaything.
When Ruth, the narrator of Marilynne Robinson’s wonderful Housekeep
ing, vacillates between respectable small-town life in Idaho and a future
with her free-spirited misfit aunt, her choices are reflected in the sensible
brown oxfords of her classmates and (20) ________ blue velveteen bal
let slippers that Aunt Sylvie buys her to wear to school.
Fashion, even when peripheral to plot and meaning, does tend to
date a novel by fixing it within a certain historical moment. Style, which
some have argued is the opposite of fashion, has the timeless quality
evident in Fitzgerald and Waugh’s musings on dress. My favourite
literary frock moment occurs near the beginning of Anna Karenina.
Kitty, the 18-year-old daughter of Prince Oblonsky, (21) ________ and
the preparations have “given her much trouble and thought”. She wears
a dress of white net over a pink slip, with a pair of long, white gloves
and slender, pink shoes. A rose in her hair and a strip of soft, black
velvet around her neck completes the ensemble. Part of me is in love
with this outfit just because it’s the sort of thing my inner six-year-old
lusts after, but it would probably be a difficult look to carry off around
town. More important than the specifics of the costume, though – and
this is the timeless part – Kitty enters the ballroom “as if these bows
and laces and all the details of her toilet had not cost her or her people
a moment’s attention, as if she had been born in this net and lace”.
Which, whether in 19th-century Moscow or 21st-century London,
has always seemed to me (22)________.
(Adapted from: https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/

2009/sep/19/fashion-in-literature)
A the lovely but eminently impractical

B insisting on
C turn a narrative
109
D a perfect description of stylishness
E getting dressed
F of the heroes
G that of their male counterparts
H is attending a ball

USE OF ENGLISH
Task 5
Ukraine has plenty of restaurants, cafes, pubs, fast food joints and
kiosks... all cuisines for all wallets. Sometimes service is far from
(23) ________ (at any category, including the top-rank establishments).
(24) _________ compared to the previous 5–10 years the changes are
welcome.
You won’t have communication problems at most places of mid-
dle category in big cities or tourist destinations, targeted to host both fo-
reigners and sophisticated Ukrainians. Their staff will generally have
(25) ________ English at least.
The price range for cuisine differs (26) ________ around Ukraine.
Kyiv is definitely the most expensive city in all terms, including eating
out. Travel a short distance and you’ll find places (27) ________ incred
ible cuisine for half the price outside the capital. Odessa, Lviv, Trans-
Carpathian and Crimea regions (in some degree) are famous for their
original cookery culture. Each of them has its own peculiarity: Odessa is
acknowledged as the proven gourmet paradise. Lviv is a symbol of coffee
and chocolate cookery art. The Carpathians traditionally take in Hungar
ian, Romanian and Slovakian cooking ideas. Testing Crimean ethnical
cuisine means to visit Tatar family establishments – they exist and are
worth the visit.
Rough cost guide to eating out in Kyiv:
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* Top category: an overage receipt – from UAH 1000 excl. alcohol.
* Upper – middle and middle categories: from UAH 500 (well de
signed places not only of the central location).
* Low category: from UAH 200 (mostly ordinary cafes and restaurants
outside Kiev).
* Canteens and fast food chains: UAH 40–70. They offer meals of
appropriate quality for reasonable price.
Recently there had been a surge of food trucks, pop-up food stalls and
coffee trucks in Ukraine. No mass outdoor event goes without them and
it’s worth to check them out. Food trucks offer a wide (28) _______ of
foods – from classic kebab and burgers to salmon, mussels and steak.
The new – pay just for time – cafes were open in Kyiv and Odessa.
Its key idea matches those who use (29) _______ places rather for work
ing and communicating. Paying for hours or minutes, spent there, you
get unlimited (30) ______ to free Wi-Fi, tea, coffee... All restaurants
commonly (31)_______ from 10–12 a.m. till midnight, as well as pubs.
Cafes and fast food operating time varies from 7–9 a.m. till 8–11 p.m.
(32) _______ is forbidden in all public places (incl. eating out points) in
Ukraine.
Either you go to a casual cafe or to a top-rank restaurant, don’t neglect
having a few hundred hryvnya in cash – some establishments may not
accept credit cards (especially late at night). Almost all top-rank and pre
mium rank places have free Wi-Fi.
Tipping etiquette in Ukraine is very similar to that elsewhere in Europe
or the US. Commonly it is 5–10 % of the bill – up to your decision. You
may also just round-up the sum, as many locals do. Some places include
“cost of service” on the bill, so it’s worth to check it before paying.
(Adapted from: http://old.expatua.com/entertainment/eating-out)
23 А perfect В perfection С perfecting D perfected

24 А nevertheless В though С although D less than
25 А basic В intermediate С perfect D advanced
26 А little В extremely С specifically D significantly
111
27 А offering В cooking С selling D tasting
28 А rage В range С rank D overage
29 А eating В eating out С eaten out D to eat out
30 А zone В assess С excel D access
31 А invite В operate С act D feed
32 А not paying В overeating С walking D smoking
Task 6
By my count, I’ve had careers in seven industries, each unrelated to

the others. While this might make me sound like someone who doesn’t
know what he wants out of his professional life, it all matches a plan I
developed while (33) ________ in my late teens.
When I was in college, I struggled to figure out what I wanted
(34) ________ with my life. Politics? Academia? F. B. I.? Military? Jour
nalism? Each sounded interesting, even exciting, but every time I came
close (35) ________ choosing a career, I’d start to feel claustrophobic. It
was then that I made myself a two-part promise: I’d go only into a field I
could easily exit, and I would stay in that field for only as long as it brought
me joy. So, the F. B. I. and the military, with their minimum terms of
(36) ________, got scratched from the list – even if I still wonder about
how life would have turned out with those (and other paths) not
(37) _______.
Most people (38) _______ are unhappy professionally change jobs
within their chosen fields or go back to school to become grounded in a
new area. I’ve deliberately made the stakes higher for myself by mostly
not doing that. After starting as an advertising copywriter, I took execu
tive positions in law, marketing, entertainment, mobile communications
and financial services. Today, I make my living as a writer and a public
speaker.
112
There is little doubt that I’ve paid a price – both financially and psy
chologically – because of my career moves. Veterans in law, marketing or
finance will nearly always earn more than relative newcomers. Starting
anew usually meant starting with a pay cut, a situation I prepared for by
saving as much as I could before (39)________ one position for another.
And psychologically, it isn’t easy to be 20 years older than others at a
company meeting and have to quietly ask the meaning of some industry
term that the 30-year-old “veterans” were using, but it motivated me to get
up to speed. I’ve always felt that major new challenges and exposure to
new ideas are among the greatest things life has to offer.
Since all business has some common DNA, I’m not really starting from
scratch with each move. As I change careers, I am able to bring experi
ences and perspective that allow me to add insights that others long in that
field (40) ________ not have. My judgment tends (41)________ by new
colleagues and clients who might not otherwise value the advice of a
newbie. And when leaving a career track, I (42) ________ my profes
sional relationships, so I get to call on former colleagues and service
providers who can also cheer me on or help me spot what I’m missing in
my new life. Sometimes former colleagues become new clients.
(Adapted from: https://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/20/

jobs/my-career-choice-all-of-the-above.html)
33 A yet B still C then D always

34 A doing B to be done C to do D do
35 A to B for C up to D near
36 A working B career develop C work D service
ment
37 A
take B taking C took D taken
38 A
which B who C when D what
39 A
left B having leaving C leaving D leaved
40 A
must B may C have to D should
41 A
to have B to trust C to be trusted D to have
trusted trusting
42 A burned B haven’t burned C had burned D have been
burned
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• TEST 8
READING
Task 1
sheet.
STRESS MANAGEMENT STRATEGY

It may seem that there’s nothing you can do about your stress level.
The bills aren’t going to stop coming, there will never be more hours in
the day for all your tasks, and your studies or career will always be de
manding. But you have a lot more control than you might think. In fact,
the simple realization that you’re in control of your life is the foundation
of stress management.
Managing stress is all about taking charge: taking charge of your
thoughts, your emotions, your schedule, your environment, and the way
you deal with problems. The ultimate goal is a balanced life, with time for
work, relationships, relaxation, and fun – plus the resilience to hold up
under pressure and meet challenges head on.
1.__________________
Not all stress can be avoided, and it’s not healthy to avoid a situation
that needs to be addressed. You may be surprised, however, by the number
of stressors in your life that you can eliminate.
Learn how to say “no” – Know your limits and stick to them. Wheth
er in your personal or professional life, refuse to accept added responsi
bilities when you’re close to reaching them. Taking on more than you can
handle is a surefire recipe for stress.
If someone consistently causes stress in your life and you can’t turn
the relationship around, limit the amount of time you spend with that
person or end the relationship entirely.
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2.__________________
If the evening news makes you anxious, avoid watching them. If traf
fic’s got you tense, take a longer but less-travelled route. If going to the
market is an unpleasant chore, do your grocery shopping online. Avoid
hot-button topics – if you get upset over religion or politics, cross them
off your conversation list. If you repeatedly argue about the same subject
with the same people, stop bringing it up or excuse yourself when it’s the
topic of discussion.
3.__________________
If you can’t avoid a stressful situation, try to adjust to it. Figure out
what you can do to change things so the problem doesn’t present itself in
the future. Often, this involves changing the way you communicate and
operate in your daily life.
Express your feelings instead of bottling them up. If something or
someone is bothering you, communicate your concerns in an open and
respectful way. If you don’t voice your feelings, resentment will build and
the situation will likely remain the same.
4.__________________
Poor time management can cause a lot of stress. When you’re stretched
too thin and running behind, it’s hard to stay calm and focused. But if you
plan ahead and make sure you don’t overextend yourself, you can alter the
amount of stress you’re under.
5.__________________
Some sources of stress are unavoidable. You can’t prevent or change
stressors such as the death of a loved one, a serious illness, or a national
recession. In such cases, the best way to cope with stress is to put up with
things which cause your anxiety. That may be difficult, but in the long run,
it’s easier than railing against a situation you can’t change.
(Adapted from: https://www.helpguide.org/

articles/stress/stress-management.htm)
A Manage your time better

B Get rid of unnecessary stress
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C Make time for fun and relaxation
D Accept the things you can’t change
E Focus on the positive
F Alter the situation
G Be willing to compromise
H Take control of your environment
Task 2
(A,B,C or D). Write your answers on the separate sheet.
THE STEPPING STONE TO SUCCESS
When Thomas Edison invented the light bulb, he tried over 2000 ex
periments before he got it to work. A young reporter asked him how it felt
to fail so many times. He said, “I never failed once. I invented the light
bulb. It just happened to be a 2000-step process.”
In 1962, four nervous young musicians played their first record audi
tion for the executives of the Decca recording Company. The executives
were not impressed. While turning down this group of musicians, one
executive said, “We don’t like their sound. Groups of guitars are on the
way out.” The group was called The Beatles.
In 1954, Jimmy Denny, manager of the Grand Ole Opry, fired a sing
er after one performance. Jimmy told him, “You are going nowhere....son.
You’d be better off as a truck driver.”
He went on to become the most popular singer in America named Elvis
Presley.
When Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876, it did
not ring off the hook with calls from potential backers. After making a
demonstration call, President Rutherford Hayes said, “That’s an amazing
invention, but who would ever want to use one of them?”
Wilma Rudolph was the 20th of 22 children. When she was 4 years
old, she contacted double pneumonia and scarlet fever, which left her with
a paralyzed left leg. At age 9, she removed the metal leg brace she had
been dependent on and began to walk without it. By 13 she had developed
a rhythmic walk, which doctors said was a miracle. That same year she
decided to become a runner. She entered a race and came in last. For the
next few years every race she entered, she came in last. Everyone told her
to quit, but she kept on running. One day she actually won a race. And then
another. From then on, she won every race she entered. Eventually this
little girl, who was told she would never walk again, went on to win three
Olympic gold medals.
In the 1940s, another young inventor named Chester Carlson took
his idea to 20 corporations, including some of the biggest in the country.
They all turned him down. In 1947 – after seven long years of rejections! –
he finally got a tiny company in Rochester, New York, the Haloid com
pany, to purchase the rights to his invention – an electrostatic paper-cop
ying process.
Haloid became Xerox Corporation we know today.
The moral of the above stories: Character cannot be developed in ease
and quiet. Only through experiences of trial and suffering can the soul be
strengthened, vision cleared, ambition inspired and success achieved. You
gain strength, experience and confidence by every experience where you
really stop to look fear in the face. You must do the thing you cannot do.
And remember, the finest steel gets sent through the hottest furnace.
A winner is not one who never fails, but one who NEVER QUITS!
(Adapted from: https://ayeshapalwasha.wordpress.com/

2013/09/19/the-stepping-stone-to-success-who-was-he/)
6. It can be inferred from the text that___________

A. no significant invention is possible without thousands of failures
and criticism.
B. the Beatles started their career with the approval by the execu
tives of the Decca recording Company.
C. Before he became popular, Elvis Presley had worked as a truck
driver.
D. the telephone was not immediately recognized as a useful inven
tion.
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7. What does the text say about Wilma Rudolph?
A. She was disabled since birth.
B. People did not believe she would make success in running.
C. After a short period of failures, she managed to win.
D. When she was a little girl, she won three Olympic gold medals.
8. All the people described in the text...
A. were at least once rejected by an employer.
B. experienced suffering in their early years.
C. didn’t regard rejection as a final verdict.
D. had no doubts about their talents.
9. Which of the following is NOT true according to the text?
A. What was considered a failure by others, was just a stage for
Thomas Edison.
B. The Beatles were calm and confident during their first record
audition.
C. It took Chester Carlson several years to prove the value of his
invention.
D. N egative experiences can facilitate strong personality develop
ment.
10. Saying “the finest steel gets sent through the hottest furnace”
(the last paragraph) the author means that __________?
A. Steel producers should consider the temperature of the furnace.
B. Successful people are usually as cold as steel.
C. Difficulties help strengthen person’s character.
D. The stories in the text are as true as steel.
Task 3
separate sheet.
TOP THEATERS IN ENGLAND

With its deep historical roots, England is a home to abundance of art
and theatre.
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11._________________
Royal Shakespeare Company, Stratford-upon-Avon
The Royal Shakespeare Company is one of the most-famous theatre
companies in the world. The ensemble connects audiences all over the
world with the works of William Shakespeare. The company is mostly
located in Stratford-upon-Avon, the place of Shakespeare’s birth, where
performances are often accompanied by workshops and educational pro
grammes. Each year, the RSC attracts over one million visitors to the heart
of the Midlands, but also tours – performing the best of British theatre
throughout the UK and across the world.
12._________________
National Theatre, London
Situated on the South Bank of the River Thames, the National The
atre has a reputation for producing some of the best theatre the UK has to
offer. Since June 2009, the theatre has also begun a programme of live-
production broadcasts to local cinemas, as well as to those further
afield. National Theatre live screens performances to over 1,000 venues
in 35 countries, so those unable to make it to London have the opportu
nity to experience the best of British performing arts wherever they are.
13._________________
Theatre Royal in Newcastle
This theatre is a place where strange happenings are reported on and
off stage. Its weird happenings began in 1899 when a fire destroyed most
of its interior after the performance of Macbeth. A 19th-century female
ghost called the ‘grey lady’ is the resident ghost and is seen on and off
stage. Most notably, the theatre building on Grey Street was completely
rebuilt after the fire when the entire auditorium was renovated by one of
the world’s greatest theatre architects, Frank Matcham. And now the grand
Georgian structure, once referred to as “the greatest building on Britain’s
greatest street”, introduces the 21st century standards of comfort.
14._________________
Liverpool Empire Theatre
Its doors opened in 1925 and have the largest two-tier auditorium in
England, seating 2348. It’s the second theatre to be built on the site, with
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the previous smaller theatre demolished in 1924, today’s building opened
a year later in 1925. The orginal theatre was named ‘The Prince of Wales
Theatre and Opea House’ and opened in 1866. Today, the theatre features
many plays and operas. The theatre is reputed to be haunted by at least
two ghosts, one a former painter at the theatre called Len, the other a girl
aged about nine or ten in Victorian dress.
15._________________
Royal Exchange Theatre, Manchester
The Royal Exchange Theatre is a former trading hall that became a
theatre back in 1973.
It is housed in one of Manchester’s most-beautiful buildings in the
heart of the city centre. The theatre itself sports a stage ‘in-the-round’ and
can seat an audience of up to 700, making it the largest theatre of its kind
in Britain. Annually, the Royal Exchange gives an average of 350 perfor
mances and puts on a programme that intertwines the classic performance
arts, revivals and contemporary writing. In addition, the adjoining studio
also offers music concerts, readings and literary events that engage both
children and adults alike.
16._________________
London Palladium
Located on Oxford Street, it is one of the most popular theatres in the
world. It opened in 1910 and had seen many famous performances and
celebrities from around the world. One of the reasons for the London Pal
ladium’s fame is that it often hosts the annual Royal Variety Performance.
It has hosted this event over 40 times. Besides, when the Beatles played
Sunday Night at the London Palladium on 13 October 1963, it was, at that
stage, one of the band’s biggest live shows to date.
Which theatre_________________?
A is situated in the building initially used for the commercial pur
poses?
B used to have another name?
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C hosted the outstanding performance of an iconic band.
D commemorates the greatest English playwright?
E is one of the UK’s most reputable arts centres?
F has recently been re-designed?
G stages a myriad of musicals, opera, ballet and contemporary dance
performances.
H simulcasts live productions to cinemas, first in the UK and then
internationally?
Task 4
Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.
THE NEW WAY TO INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY

Microsoft tried a 4-day workweek in Japan. Productivity jumped 40 %
A growing number of smaller companies (17)__________. Now the

results of a recent trial at Microsoft suggest (18)__________. The com
pany introduced a program this summer in Japan called the “Work Life
Choice Challenge,” which shut down its offices every Friday in August
and gave all employees an extra day off each week.
The results were promising: (19)__________, productivity – measured
by sales per employee – went up by almost 40 % compared to the same
period the previous year. In addition to reducing working hours, managers
urged staff (20)__________ and responding to emails. They suggested that
meetings should last no longer than 30 minutes. Employees were also
encouraged to cut down on meetings altogether by using an online mes
saging app.
The effects were widespread. More than 90 % of Microsoft’s 2,280
employees in Japan later said they were impacted by the new measures,
according to the company. By (21)__________, the company was also
able to save on other resources, such as electricity.
Microsoft says it will conduct another experiment in Japan later this year.
It plans to ask employees to come up (22)__________, and will also ask
other companies to join the initiative.
(Adapted from: https://edition.cnn.com/2019/11/04/tech/microsoft-

japan-workweek-productivity/index.html)
A are adopting a four-day workweek

B while the amount of time spent at work was cut dramatically
C shutting down earlier each week
D which saw improvements in workers’ productivity
E resulted in additional benefits
F to cut down on the time they spent in meetings
G with new measures to improve work-life balance and efficiency
H it could work even for the biggest businesses

USE OF ENGLISH
Task 5
TRIP ADVISOR’S NEW DOLPHIN POLICIES
If you want to go to SeaWorld, you’ll no (23)____ be able to buy your

tickets on TripAdvisor. The travel website just announced it will stop selling
tickets to any (24)____ that breed, import, or capture marine mammals in
cluding whales, dolphins, and porpoises. The ban on such sales will take
effect by the end of this year, and (25)____ similar policy changes by Virgin
Holidays and British Airways, which no longer partner with SeaWorld.
In 2016, TripAdvisor ended sales to attractions where humans have
direct contact with captive wild animals, such as (26)____ elephants or
petting tigers. This new ban is an extension of that policy in a world where
people are increasingly concerned about the marine mammals’ life
in (27)____.
A TripAdvisor spokesman said: “Whales and dolphins do not thrive
in limited captive environments, and we hope to see a future where they
live as they should – free and in the (28)____.” He added: “We believe the
current generation of whales and dolphins in captivity should be the last,
and we look (29)____ to seeing this position adopted more widely through
out the travel industry.”
The move has been met with (30)____ from animal rights groups and,
not surprisingly, dismay from SeaWorld. “We are (31)____ by TripAdvi
sor’s new position that ignores the educational value and conservation
mission of zoos and aquariums”, SeaWorld’s representative told the New
York Times. “SeaWorld maintains the highest (32)____ of care for all ani
mals. And regardless of TripAdvisor’s position, SeaWorld will continue
to advance education and animal conservation efforts.”
23 A sooner B longer C harder D later

24 A exhibitions B museums C trips D attractions
25 A follows B succeed C replace D result
26 A cycling B riding C driving D swimming
27 A captivity B restraint C prison D discipline
28 A untamed B savage C wild D environment
29 A for B forward C after D up
30 A award B reward C prise D praise
31 A pleased B delighted C disappointed D hurt
32 A standards B norm C elements D rules
Task 6
answer (A,B,C or D). Write your answers on the separate sheet.
THE BRITISH MUSEUM
The British Museum is the (33)_______ and one of the largest

museums in the world. Where else can you see some of the greatest
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treasures of all time under one roof? Here you can see at first hand The
Elgin Marbles, The Portland Vase, The Lewis Chessmen, The Sutton
Hoo Treasure, to name only (34)________ of the (35)________ col
lections awaiting you. You (36)________ fascinated by the Egyptian
Mummies, and (37)________ by the superb exhibition of prints and
drawings which changes several times a year. Allow plenty of time for
your visit – the British Museum is a vast storehouse of treasures. Bet
ter still, why not (38)________ several times, concentrating on just one
exhibit each time?
In 1753 an act of Parliament (39)________ the British Museum as the
world’s first public museum. The Cottonian Library was immediately (40)
________ to the collection.
Another major change to the museum (41)________ place when it was
decided to remove the British Library to new purpose built premises at St
Pancras. This enormous undertaking begun in the 1970s was not com
pleted until 1998.
Today, the British Museum is home to no less than six and a half mil
lion objects and has ninety-four permanent and temporary exhibition gal
leries. An Education Department (42)________ a wide range of services
for adults and children. Other departments are Coins and Medals, Ancient
Egypt and Sudan, Africa, Oceania and the Americas, Greek and Roman
Antiquities, Asia, Prehistory and Europe, Prints and Drawings, and Middle
Eastern Antiquities.
33 A old B older C oldest D eldest

34 A few B a few C little D a little
35 A wonder B wondered C wonderful D wondering
36 A don’t be B had to be C are being D will be
37 A inspire B inspired C inspiring D inspires
38 A visit B to visit C visited D visiting
39 A establish B established C establishing D establishment
40 A add B to add C added D adding
41 A takes B took C is taking D has taken
42 A provide B provides C providing D provision
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• TEST 9
READING
Task 1
sheet.
10 HEALTHY LIFESTYLE TIPS

1.__________________
For good health, we need more than 40 different nutrients, and no
single food can supply them all. It is not about a single meal, it is about a
balanced food choice over time that will make a difference! A high-fat
lunch could be followed by a low-fat dinner. After a large meat portion at
dinner, perhaps fish should be the next day’s choice.
2.___________________
About half the calories in our diet should come from foods rich in
carbohydrates, such as cereals, rice, pasta, potatoes, and bread. Having a
meal, it is a good idea to include at least one of these. Wholegrain foods,
like wholegrain bread, pasta, and cereals, will increase our fibre intake.
3.___________________
Fats are important for good health and proper functioning of the body.
However, too much of it can negatively affect our weight and cardiovas
cular health. Different kinds of fats have different health effects, and some
of these tips could help us keep the balance right: we should limit the
consumption of total and saturated fats (often coming from foods of animal
origin), and completely avoid Trans fats; reading the labels helps to iden
tify the sources. Eating fish 2–3 times a week, with at least one serving of
oily fish, will contribute to our right intake of unsaturated fats. When
cooking, we should boil, steam or bake, rather than fry, remove the fatty
part of meat, use vegetable oils.
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4.___________________
Fruits and vegetables are among the most important foods for giving
us enough vitamins, minerals and fibre. We should try to eat at least
5 servings a day. For example, a glass of fresh fruit juice at breakfast,
perhaps an apple and a piece of watermelon as snacks, and a good portion
of different vegetables at each meal.
5.___________________
Adults need to drink at least 1.5 litres of fluid a day! Or more if it’s
very hot or they are physically active. Water is the best source, of course,
and we can use tap or mineral water, sparkling or non-sparkling, plain or
flavoured. Fruit juices, tea, soft drinks, milk and other drinks, can all be
okay – from time to time.
(Adapted from: https://www.eufic.org/en/healthy-living/

article/10-healthy-lifestyle-tips-for-adults)
A Enjoy plenty of fruits and vegetables

B Eat regularly, control the portion size
C Replace saturated with unsaturated fat
D Maintain a healthy body weight
E Drink plenty of liquid
F Eat a variety of foods
G Reduce salt and sugar intake
H Your diet should contain enough carbohydrates
Task 2
BRITISH CULTURE, BRITISH CUSTOMS

AND BRITISH TRADITIONS
TEA CULTURE IN THE UK
Whilst many countries love their tea, UK citizens, and the English in
particular, are particularly proud of being ‘tea people’. This reputation is
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not just a typical stereotype either – the average UK citizen consumes
nearly 2 kilograms of dry tea each year. When you take into consideration
that quite a few grown-ups (and most children) drink little or no tea, the
amount of tea a British tea drinker actually consumes is even higher.
The stereotype of the British tea drinker is generally considered a
positive one, and even those who don’t partake will happily use phrases
like ‘as English as a cup of tea’, and describe something they like or are
well suited to as ‘just my cup of tea’, and things they don’t like as ‘not my
cup of tea’.
It is interesting that the country with the world’s highest per-capita use
of tea doesn’t actually grow tea of its own. Tea only made its way to England
in large quantities in the first years of the 17th century. Dutch and Portuguese
traders were shipping tea from China and a few other Asian countries to
Europe. Tea had been sold more widely in England by 1657, in London’s
existing coffee houses, but it was called Tcha, China Drink, Tay or Tee, and
was generally sold as a remedy to cure all ills; from fatigue and lack of viril
ity to overall poor health and diseases of all kinds, and it was expensive. Tea
was sold in the mid-1600s for as much as £10 per pound (£22 per kilogram),
which is around £2,000 in today’s money. Needless to say, the average Brit
didn’t have a £4,000 a year habit at the time. Commoners and servants would
be lucky to earn £50 per year back then, so tea was exclusively for the very
well off and they would lock it away in tea caddies.
Nonetheless, it was available on almost every street in London after
1659. When Queen Catherine of Braganza, wife of King Charles II, intro
duced the custom of taking tea to the royal court in 1662 it became more
than just addictive, it became fashionable. In the mid-18th century, Canton
was exporting nearly 7 million tons of tea to Europe each year; nearly half
of it on British owned ships.
The concept of ‘afternoon tea’ is said to have originated with Anna
Russell, the 7th Duchess of Bedford in the early 19th century. At the time
the wealthy and merchant classes might not have their evening meal until
8 p.m. Of course, few people care to go 7 or 8 hours without eating, so the
idea of a formal meal in the mid to late afternoon was a popular one. The
working classes soon took to calling the main meal they had in the late
afternoon ‘tea’ as well.
(Adapted from: https://www.learnenglish.de/culture/teaculture.html)

127
A. The average UK child drinks no tea.
B. Those who love their tea are called ‘tea people’.
C. The British consume about 2 kilograms of tea annually.
D. There is no common opinion about English tea consuming.
7. What does the expression ‘not my cup of tea’ mean?
A. That cup of tea belongs to another person.
B. The speaker is not fond of something.
C. The speaker asks a cup of coffee.
D. The tea is not delicious.
A. In the middle of the 17th century tea was sold in London’s coffee
houses.
B. At first tea was often consumed as a medicine.
C. In the 17th century tea was not cheap.
D. Commoners and servants were lucky to earn tea.
9. What did Queen Catherine of Braganza do to extend tea in the
country?
A. She got used to drinking tea.
B. She originated fashion for tea.
C. She developed shipping.
D. She ordered to sell tea on every street in London.
10. Why did the idea of ‘afternoon tea’ become popular?
A. Because it was introduced by the 7th Duchess of Bedford.
B. Because the working classes called it the main meal.
C. Because the wealthy and merchant representatives had too long
break between their morning and evening meal.
D. Because the British like their tea.
Task 3
separate sheet.
128
AQUATIC & PADDLE SPORTS
From ancient Egypt to the first Olympic Games in Greece, sports are
one of the most valuable activities for humanity and it’s one of the founda
tions of a positive physical and mental development throughout our lives.
Whether it’s running, playing tennis, doing gymnastics, or paddle sports,
they are a great.
11.__________________
It is the sport of paddling a kayak on a moving body of water, typi
cally a whitewater river. It can range from active, moving water, to de
manding, extreme whitewater.
12.___________________
It is the sport, technique, and equipment, used in surfing ocean waves
with kayaks. It has many similarities to surf board surfing, but with boats
designed for use in surf zones, and with a paddle. A number of kayak
designs are used, but all are aimed at better using the waves to propel the
craft.
13.___________________
It is the sport where a kayak for moving across water is used. It is
distinguished from canoeing by the sitting position of the paddler and the
number of blades on the paddle. A kayak is a low-to-the-water, canoe-like
boat in which the paddler sits facing forward, legs in front, using a double-
bladed paddle to pull front-to-back on one side and then the other in rota
tion. Most kayaks have closed decks, although sit-on-top and inflatable
kayaks are growing in popularity as well.
14.___________________
It is the sport of whitewater kayaking or canoeing where the paddler
performs various technical moves in one place, as opposed to downriver
whitewater canoeing or kayaking where the objective is to travel the length
of a section of river. Specialised canoes or kayaks (boats) known as play
boats are often used, but any boat can be used for playing. The moves and
129
tricks are often similar to those performed by snowboarders, surfers or
skaters, where the athlete completes spins, flips, turns, etc. With modern
play boats it is possible to get the kayak and the paddler completely air
borne while performing tricks.
15.___________________
They are recreational outdoor activities which use an inflatable raft to
navigate a river or other body of water. This is often done on whitewater
or different degrees of rough water. Dealing with risk and the need for
teamwork is often a part of the experience.
16.___________________
Sometimes referred to as crew in the United States, it is a kind of sport
whose origins reach back to Ancient Egyptian times. It involves propelling
a boat on water using oars. By pushing against the water with an oar, a
force is generated to move the boat. The sport can be either recreational
for enjoyment or fitness, or competitive, when athletes race against each
other in boats. There are a number of different boat classes in which ath
letes compete, ranging from an individual shell to an eight-person shell
with a coxswain.
(Adapted from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/

List_of_sports#Aquatic_&_paddle_sports)
A Kayaking
B Rafting and white water rafting
C Whitewater kayaking
D Rowing
E Surf kayaking
F Outrigger boats
G Play boating
H Canoe polo
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Task 4
MARK WAHLBERG REVEALS

GRUELLING DAILY REGIMEN
The 47-year-old actor, Mark Wahlberg, (17)_________, detailed his

regime while answering fans’ questions on Instagram. On a typical day,
the actor rises at 02:30, before half an hour of prayers. After breakfast at
03:15, he does a 95-minute workout followed by another meal, shower,
snack, golf and “cryo chamber recovery” – all before 10:30. He goes to
bed at 19:30, he revealed.
“The cryotherapy recovery is a treatment favoured by athletes
(18)_________ to briefly plunge the air to temperature below -100C to
alleviate muscle and joint pain,” explained the actor.
Wahlberg has an hour and a half set aside for a shower, followed by
half an hour devoted to playing golf. And then there’s the food intake.
“I start out with steel oats, blueberries and peanut butter for breakfast,” he
said. “Then I (19)_________, three turkey burgers, five pieces of sweet
potato at about 5:30 in the morning. At 8 o’clock, I have about 10 turkey
meatballs. At 10:30am, I have a grilled chicken salad with two hard-boiled
eggs, olives, avocado, cucumber, tomato, lettuce”.
“Then at 1 o’clock I have a New York steak with green peppers. At
3.30pm, I have grilled chicken with bok choi. At 5.30/6 o’clock, I have a
beautiful piece of halibut or cod or a sea bass, with some vegetables,
maybe some sautéed potatoes and bok choi. And I have a lot of aquahydrate
(20)_________. That’s it.”
The intense regime took place a couple years ago in preparation for
Mark’s role as lead character James Silva in forthcoming film Mile 22.
Then Wahlberg (21)_________ challenge for his role in the film, which
has been released in the UK recently.
The actor stuck to his schedule (22)_________ and when working
away from home. Last month, he posted a video on Instagram thanking
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the staff of a Manhattan gym for opening up early so he could fit in one of
his workouts.
(Adapted from: https://www.bbc.com/

news/entertainment-arts-45497348)
A even on family holidays

B have a protein shake
C follow this daily regimen
D using liquid nitrogen
E during the day
F the year before
G was undertaking a 47-day
H known for keeping in shape

USE OF ENGLISH
Task 5
CHARLES DICKENS
Charles Dickens is much loved for his great contribution to classic

English literature. He was the quintessential Victorian author. His epic
stories, vivid characters and exhaustive depiction of contemporary life are
(23)_________.
His own story is one of rags to riches. He was born in Portsmouth on
7 February 1812, to John and Elizabeth Dickens. The good (24)_________
of being sent to school at the age of nine was short-lived because his father,
inspiration for the character of Mr Micawber in “David Copperfield”, was
(25)_________for bad debt. The entire family, apart from Charles, were
sent to Marshalsea along with their patriarch. Charles was sent to work in
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Warren’s blacking factory and endured appalling conditions as well as
loneliness and (26)_________. After three years he was returned to school,
but the experience was never forgotten and became fictionalised in two of
his better-known novels “David Copperfield” and “Great Expectations”.
Like many (27)_________, he began his literary career as a journalist.
His own father became a reporter and Charles began with the journals “The
Mirror of Parliament” and “The True Sun”. Then in 1833 he became par
liamentary journalist for The Morning Chronicle. With new contacts in the
press he was able to publish a series of (28)_________ under the pseudo
nym “Boz”. In April 1836, he married Catherine Hogarth, daughter of
George Hogarth who edited “Sketches by Boz”. Within the same month
came the publication of the highly successful “Pickwick Papers”, and
(29)_________that point on there was no looking back for Dickens.
As well as a huge list of novels he published autobiography, edited
weekly periodicals including “Household Words” and “All Year Round”,
wrote travel books and administered (30)_________organisations. He was
also a theatre enthusiast, wrote plays and performed before Queen Victo
ria in 1851. His energy was (31)_________and he spent much time
abroad – for example lecturing against slavery in the United States and
touring Italy with companions Augustus Egg and Wilkie Collins, a con
temporary writer who inspired Dickens’ final unfinished novel “The Mys
tery of Edwin Drood”.
He was estranged from his wife in 1858 after the birth of (32)_________
ten children, but maintained relations with his mistress, the actress Ellen
Ternan. He died of a stroke in 1870. He is buried at Westminster Abbey.
(Adapted from: http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/

historic_figures/dickens_charles.shtml)
23 А unnecessary В unforgettable С unknown D unbearable

24 А fortunately В luckily С lucky D fortune
25 А imprisoned В put away С captured D closed
26 А inspire В conspire С despair D perspire
133
27 А others В other С another D the other
28 А poems В sketches С novels D plays
29 А for В on С in D from
30 А generous В charitable С bountiful D benevolent
31 А inimitable В indictable С inexhaus- D inevitable
tible
32 А their В there С here D the
Task 6
ACTRESS WINONA RYDER REVAMPED

A 1920S HOUSE IN BEVERLY HILLS
“A lot of my generation think it’s politically incorrect to like beautiful

things,” says actress Winona Ryder, who, with her dark eyes and china-doll
complexion, is a thing of beauty herself. “They’re into camp, but it’s not
for me. (33)_________on “The Age of Innocence” spoiled me, because
everything I looked at was a work of art.”
It’s no surprise then that her Beverly Hills house is charming, clean
and contemporary. Credit for this balancing act goes to Kevin Haley, an
actor (and good friend of Ryder) who (34)_________ recently decorating
to his list of accomplishments. “I was always interested in furniture,” he
says, “and I want everywhere I (35)_________ to be perfect and beautiful,
so I was always overhauling my apartments. I was great for landlords,” he
adds, laughing.
Ryder saw what Haley (36)_________ with his own apartment, and
Ryder knew she had found an aesthetic soul mate. Haley’s first task was
to restore (37)_________ small 1920s house in Beverly Hills as closely
as possible to its original state. He also turned the tiny patio and steeply
134
sloping backyard into a romantic garden where Ryder loves to sit and
paint.
Haley often finds inspiration in the first piece that he buys for a house.
In this case, it came from a (38)_________ century Czechoslovakian
chandelier with amethyst crystal drops that now graces the dining room.
In the dining room and bedrooms Haley organized mixtures of contempo
rary furniture and pieces from the 1930s and 1940s, with luxurious textures
(39)_________ richness to the rooms’ muted, pale colours.
Since Ryder’s career seems only to continue (40)_________ upward
trajectory, the moments she spends at home are more precious than ever.
“In my work I’m often physically uncomfortable – wearing tight corsets
or standing around in the freezing cold,” she says. “So it’s important to
have a place to retreat to.” In this respect too, Ryder (41)_________ a
kindred spirit in Haley, who hopes to go on balancing his acting and
decorating careers. “I like being able to create an environment where
people can (42)_________ safe to be creative,” he says.
(Adapted from: https://www.architecturaldigest.com/

story/stranger-things-winona-ryder-house-1994)
33 A Working B Worked C To work

D Works
34 A had added B has added C added
D has been
added
35 A lives B living C live D to live
36 A had been done B did C had done D has done
37 A Ryders B Ryders’ C Ryder D Ryder’s
38 A nineteenth- B nineteen- C nineteen’s- D nineteens-
39 A were adding B are adding C is adding D adding
40 A it B it’s C her D its
41 A had found B has found C found D has been
found
42 A to feel B felt C feel D feeling
135
•TEST 10
READING
Task 1
sheet.
SOME FACTS ABOUT MUSIC AND MUSICIANS
1. ____________________
Humans have only been able to record sounds to listen to later since
the middle of the 1800s. Since then, however, technology has developed
at an enormous speed. Records, cassettes and CDs have all allowed
people to listen to recorded music in their own home. These days, more
and more music is becoming ‘digital’. We can save pieces of music as
files on our computer, and can carry thousands of songs around on per
sonal MP3 players.
2._____________________
Everyone knows that the British group The Beatles was the most suc
cessful pop group of all time. In the early 1960s, John Lennon, Paul Mc
Cartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr changed popular music forever.
Things weren’t easy for the band at the beginning, though. Lennon and
McCartney started making music together in 1957. By 1962, almost every
single record company in Britain had rejected them, saying they would
never achieve anything. Finally, one record company decided to take a risk
with them. By 1964, they were the most popular band in the world.
3.______________________
Before pop groups and singers go on tour, they have to make a decision
regarding their music. They probably want to play the songs from their
136
latest album in their concerts, but the question is: should the songs sound
as similar as possible to the sound created on the album, or should the
audience hear a new version of the song? Madonna, for example, is always
keen to sing her songs in a different way at concerts. Other singers choose
to sing their songs as they sang them on the album.
4. ______________________
Jerry Goldsmith spent much of his career writing the music for
Hollywood movies. From the early 1950s until 2003, Goldsmith wrote
the soundtracks for several hundred hit movies, including the Star Trek
and Rambo series of films. He often worked on as many as six major
movies in one year. If that wasn’t enough, he also found the time to
come up with the theme tunes for a large number of American TV and
radio shows.
5. ______________________
Dolphins and whales can hear much better than humans can. They
can also hear much better than they can see. This does not cause them
many problems, however, as sound travels through water much better
than light does. They often use sounds to locate things such as rocks
and food. Male humpback whales make noises that sound like they’re
singing. One whale can hear another whale’s ‘song’ hundreds of miles
away.
(Adapted from: http://www.bbc.com.uk/news)
A Slow success
B Film musician
C Long history
D Sea sounds
E Great changes
F Wonderful player
G Live performances
H How to compose a hit
137
Task 2
BRITISH HISTORY
The legal system of ancient Ireland was something totally different

from what we know today. The laws, which were passed on orally from at
least the first century BC and were eventually put down in the seventh
century, grew from the customs of the early Gaelic tribes, and were inter
preted by professional lawyers known as brehons. The elaborate code of
legislation was based on the government unit (the tuath or kingdom), which
was small enough to ensure that respect was maintained for the old cus
toms. When a case arouse, the brehons decided what the right course of
action should be, but responsibility for the reinforcing of their decisions
was left to the family of the aggrieved person. There were no prisons and,
even for the crime of murder, there was no capital punishment. Instead,
each person had a fixed honour-price directly related to his social status
and, if a crime was committed against him, the penalty was calculated in
accordance with its seriousness and his rank and worth in the society. Since
not to pay the penalty decided on by the brehons and demanded by the
plaintiff’s family would mean being deprived of honour and normal soci
ety (an ancient form of boycott, in effect), the defendant generally complied
with the judicial decision.
It is worth noting the “liberated” attitudes to women and their high
status in Celtic Ireland, especially when compared with their position
under the Romans. They were educated, had equal rights with men, and
could divorce their husbands for a large number of reasons, ranging from
rape to not being given what they wanted to eat! An interesting custom,
which vividly demonstrates the Indo-European origin of the Celts, is that
of fasting. If a person was in debt to another, the latter had the right to sit
outside the debtor’s house daily and fast in order to embarrass him into
paying up.
Although there was much conflict when the Normans arrived thousands
of years later and tried to impose their own, totally different, legislative
138
code on the Irish, the brehon laws survived almost unchanged right up to
the seventeenth century, when the last areas where they were still observed
finally fell into the hands of the English.
(Adapted from: http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/

cultural-history-of-ireland/celtic-culture.htm)
6. What is TRUE concerning the time when the laws of ancient Ireland
were written down?
A. In the first century.
B. In the seventh century.
C. Under the British rule.
D. Under the Roman rule.
7. What were the brehons’ duties?
A. to interpret the case according to the existing rules
B. to send the offender to prison
C. to report to the government about the case
D. to sentence the guilty person to capital punishment
8. How was the penalty in ancient Ireland calculated?
A. according to the status of the person against whom the crime was
committed
B. according to the status of the person who committed the crime
C. according to the society’s decision
D. according to the seriousness of the crime and the status of the
person against whom the crime was committed
9. What does the custom of fasting mean?
A. The person who did not return the money he had borrowed would
stop eating until he could pay back the money he owed.
B. The person who wanted to get his money back would sit outside
the debtor’s house in order to catch him and make him pay up.
C. The person who wanted to get his money back would stay near
the debtor’s place trying to make him feel ashamed and thus
make him pay up.
D. The person who did not return the money he had borrowed would
stop eating in order to embarrass his creditor.
139
10. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text?
A. The brehon laws never disappeared because it was a national
tradition.
B. The brehon laws disappeared under the British rule.
C. The brehon laws survived almost unchanged right up to the
seventeenth century
D. The brehon laws were imposed by the Normans.
Task 3
two choices you don’t need to use. Write your answers on the
separate sheet.
NEW YORK CAFES
Scattered throughout the city of New York are dozens of ‘secret’ gar
dens, quiet corners, terraces and rooftops where you can escape the urban
rush and dine amidst trees and flowering plants.
11. TAVERN ON THE GREEN________________

Some call it a tourist trap, but the architecture and woodland setting
guarantee a long and healthy life for this Central Park restaurant. Dinner
in the garden on a summer’s night, wrapped in the scent of a thousand
flowers and lit by Japanese lanterns, is truly an affair to remember. And
the extravagant desserts are a luscious way to celebrate a birthday or
other special occasion.
12. BOATHOUSE CAFÉ___________________

While tourists are queuing up for tables at Tavern on the Green, New
Yorkers head deeper into Central Park for lunch at this charming, rela
tively inexpensive cafe. The main attraction here is the setting, which
overlooks the park’s Boathouse Pond with the skyscrapers of midtown in
the background. The food at the Boathouse is admittedly unimpressive
although you won’t go wrong with the pasta dishes or burgers.
140
13. COURTYARD CAFÉ & BAR_________________
Located in the heart of midtown near Grand Central Terminal, this
eatery in the Doral Court Hotel qualifies as one of New York’s best-kept
secrets. The garden here, though small, is one of the city’s finest with
umbrella-shaded tables next to a sparkling waterfall.
14. AMERICAN FESTIVAL CAFÉ__________________

‘Golden Boy’, the famous statue, oversees the festivities at this res
taurant situated in the shadow of New York’s Art Deco architectural mas
terpiece. In winter, the outdoor section of the café is transformed into the
Rockefeller Center Skating Rink; in summer, the shaded, linen-draped
tables make an inviting prospect after a hard morning of shopping.
15. RIVER CAFÉ______________________

New York City’s best outdoor dining experience is across the Brooklyn
Bridge at this boat-restaurant moored in the East River. In an informal
survey, six out of seven New Yorkers picked the River Café as the best
place in the city to propose marriage. Positive features: stunning views of
the Manhattan skyline, and of picture-perfect sunsets; inventive contem
porary cooking with an American accent.
16. YAFFA CAFÉ___________________

When the western half of Greenwich Village changed into a center for
tourists, the area’s artists and musicians moved east to the neighbourhood
known as Alphabet City. For a glimpse of arty New York, 1990s style, take
a seat in Yaffa’s uniquely urban garden; order a plate of food and a pot of
herb tea and watch the world go by.
(Adapted from: https://www.washingtonpost.com/food)
Which of the cafes____________________?
A offers two outdoor options

B doesn’t have interesting food
C appeals particularly to tourists
141
D is floating
E is known by few people
F may offer you the chance of some physical exercise
G is good at sitting and watching people
H is hardly worth being recommended
Task 4
ON THE FRONT LINES OF THE CLIMATE EMERGENCY
In a time when people have begun to talk about Earth’s climate emer
gency, it is understood that climate change is already happening: in the
countries in which BBC Media Action works, our communities are already
experiencing increasing and increasingly (17)___________________. The
poorest people are the ones who feel the impact of this increasingly vari
able weather most, and who find it hardest to recover.
Helping people cope with these changes is an even more important
part of our work. Small actions can make an enormous difference in each
family’s ability to survive extreme weather and better protect their homes
and livelihoods.
Global warming and climate change are science’s odd couple — you
hardly hear one mentioned without the other. But much like the confusion
that surrounds climate science (18),_________________. Let’s take a look
at what each of these two terms really means, and how (even though they’re
often used as synonyms) they’re in fact two very different events.
The true definition of climate change is just as it sounds, a change in
long-term weather trends — be that rising temperatures, cooling tempera
tures, changes in precipitation, or what have you. By itself, (19)__________
__________ about how the climate is changing, only that a change is oc
curring.
142
What’s more, these changes could be the result of natural external
forces (like an increase or decrease in solar sunspot or Milankovitch
Cycles); (20)_______________ (like volcanic eruptions or changes in
ocean circulations); or human-caused or “anthropogenic” effects (like the
burning of fossil fuels). Again, the phrase “climate change” doesn’t spec
ify the reason for the change.
(21)______________-describes an increase in Earth’s average tem
perature over time. It doesn’t mean that temperatures will rise by the same
amount everywhere. Neither does it mean that everywhere in the world
will get warmer (some locations may not). It simply means that when you
consider the Earth as a whole, its average temperature is increasing.
This increase could be due to natural or unnatural forces (22)_____
________, particularly from the burning of fossil fuels. Accelerated warm
ing can be measured in Earth’s atmosphere and oceans. Evidence for
global warming can be seen in retreating ice caps, dry lakes, increased
habitat reduction for animals (think of the now-infamous polar bear on a
lone iceberg), global temperature rises, shifts in weather, coral bleaching,
sea-level rise and more.
(Adapted from: https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/mediaactioninsight)
A considerable damage
B such as an increase in greenhouse gases,
C natural internal processes
D this pair is often misunderstood and misused
E powerful droughts, flooding and extreme weather.
F the phrase carries no presumptions
G between global warming and climate change
H Global warming
143
USE OF ENGLISH
Task 5
THE PRICE OF FAME
Charlotte Church looks like a ordinary teenager, but she is far from
average. She has an amazing voice. Her fans stand in (23) ________for
hours to get tickets for her concerts and she is often on television. Char
lotte’s singing (24) ____began when she performed on a TV show at the
age of 11. The head of a record company was so impressed by her voice
that he (25) ___________her up on the spot. Her first album rose to num
ber one in the charts. Charlotte still attends school in her home town when
she can. (26)___________ she is often away on tour for weeks at a time,
she doesn’t miss out on lessons, though, because she takes her own tutor
with her! She (27) _________three hours every morning with him. Her
exam results in all the (28)_________she studies are impressive. But how
does she (29) _________with this unusual way of life? She (30) ______that
she has the same friends as before. That may be true, but she can no
longer go into town with them because everybody stops her in the street
to ask for her (31) . It seems that, like most stars, she must learn to
(32)___________ these restrictions and the lack of privacy. It’s the price
of fame!
23 A rows B queues C ranks D files

24 A profession B job C labour D career
25 A signed B wrote C made D picked
26 A Although B While C For D However
144
27 A takes B utilises C spends D uses
28 A titles B materials C subjects D lessons
29 A cope B adjust C bear D tolerate
30 A denies B refuses C insists D complains
31 A signature B autograph C sign D writing
32 A look down on B make do with C put up with D run out of
Task 6
PROBLEMS IN SPORT
Very few popular spectator sports today (33) ________ amateur in any
sense of the word. In the past, even in cases where payment to players or
athletes (34) ___________, many sports tolerated what became known as
“shamateurism”, and even the sports governing bodies turned a blind eye
to such practices as the paying of “expenses”. More recently, sport
(35) _________, in effect, a branch of the entertainment industry, and the
elite performers in sports such as swimming, tennis, football and track
athletics (36) ____________ to become very rich. This worries some
people, who (37)___________ that the old Olympic ideal has been lost,
but the fact is, sport has become more and more professional in the wider
sense, not only requiring total dedication from aspiring champions, but
also expensive facilities, training and nutritional advice.
PUBLIC TRANSPORT
Most big cities (38)________ long before the heyday of the private
car. (39) ___________ they rarely have enough space for moving traffic
145
or parked vehicles, and long queues of stationary vehicles are a common
sight. Indeed some cities end up being almost permanently congested dur
ing the day. Those that have a relatively free flow of traffic at non-peak
periods of the day (40)____________ either. The rush hour of early morn
ing or early evening can easily see traffic brought to a standstill. The effects
of exhaust fumes on air pollution in cities (41) ___________. Buses (42)
_________ as the solution, but they move slowly because of the sheer
volume of other traffic, thus encouraging more commuters to abandon
public transport.
33 A remains B remain C has remained D is remained

34 A was B were for- C has been D had been
forbidden bidden forbidden forbidden
35 A becomes B is becoming C became D has become
36 A might have B must expect C could expect D can expect
expected
37 A complain B are comp- C have D complained
laining complained
38 A built B were built C have been D were being
built
39 A As a result B Due to C In addition D Finally
40 A do not B will not C escape D escaped
escape escape
41 A was docu- B documented C have been D has docu-
mented documented mented
42 A could see B must be C may see D might be
seen seen
146
Відповіді для самоперевірки
до ІІ частини
Test 1
1 B 11 C 21 G 31 A 41 D
2 D 12 G 22 B 32 A 42 C
3 G 13 H 23 A 33 A
4 A 14 D 24 D 34 B
5 F 15 A 25 B 35 C
6 D 16 F 26 C 36 C
7 B 17 E 27 A 37 A
8 D 18 A 28 B 38 D
9 B 19 H 29 C 39 D
10 C 20 C 30 D 40 D
Test 2
1 С 11 C 21 E 31 A 41 B
2 G 12 A 22 D 32 B 42 A
3 F 13 D 23 A 33 A
4 A 14 F 24 B 34 D
5 D 15 H 25 C 35 C
6 B 16 G 26 A 36 B
7 D 17 B 27 C 37 A
8 D 18 G 28 D 38 C
9 B 19 H 29 D 39 D
10 C 20 F 30 B 40 B
Test 3
1 B 11 G 21 A 31 B 41 B
2 D 12 F 22 G 32 B 42 C
147
3 C 13 E 23 A 33 C
4 F 14 C 24 A 34 B
5 G 15 B 25 B 35 D
6 A 16 A 26 D 36 B
7 C 17 B 27 C 37 A
8 A 18 H 28 D 38 D
9 B 19 F 29 D 39 C
10 C 20 E 30 C 40 B
Test 4
1 D 11 G 21 B 31 D 41 B
2 C 12 B 22 C 32 A 42 D
3 B 13 C 23 B 33 B
4 A 14 E 24 D 34 A
5 G 15 F 25 D 35 C
6 B 16 D 26 A 36 B
7 A 17 G 27 C 37 D
8 C 18 E 28 B 38 C
9 A 19 F 29 C 39 A
10 D 20 H 30 A 40 A
Test 5
1 G 11 B 21 B 31 C 41 B
2 H 12 A 22 C 32 A 42 B
3 D 13 C 23 A 33 A
4 F 14 G 24 D 34 C
5 A 15 E 25 A 35 D
6 A 16 H 26 C 36 C
7 D 17 G 27 A 37 A
8 D 18 D 28 B 38 A
9 C 19 F 29 D 39 D
10 B 20 A 30 B 40 C
148
Test 6
1 C 11 B 21 E 31 C 41 C
2 E 12 E 22 H 32 C 42 D
3 A 13 C 23 A 33 B
4 B 14 G 24 C 34 D
5 F 15 H 25 A 35 A
6 C 16 A 26 C 36 A
7 D 17 F 27 B 37 B
8 B 18 G 28 B 38 A
9 A 19 C 29A 39 B
10 A 20 D 30 D 40 C
Test 7
1 A 11 C 21 H 31 B 41 C
2 F 12 H 22 D 32 D 42 B
3 C 13 E 23 B 33 B
4 H 14 B 24 A 34 C
5 E 15 F 25 A 35 A
6 B 16 A 26 C 36 D
7 A 17 C 27 A 37 D
8 C 18 G 28 B 38 B
9 D 19 B 29 B 39 C
10 B 20 A 30 D 40 B
Test 8
1 B 11 D 21 C 31 C 41 B
2 H 12 H 22 G 32 A 42 B
3 F 13 F 23 B 33 C
4 A 14 B 24 D 34 B
5 D 15 A 25 A 35 C
6 D 16 C 26 B 36 D
149
7 B 17 A 27 A 37 B
8 C 18 H 28 C 38 A
9 B 19 B 29 B 39 B
10 C 20 F 30 D 40 C
Test 9
1 F 11 C 21 G 31 C 41 B
2 H 12 E 22 A 32 A 42 C
3 C 13 A 23 B 33 A
4 A 14 G 24 D 34 B
5 E 15 B 25 A 35 C
6 C 16 D 26 C 36 C
7 B 17 H 27 A 37 D
8 D 18 D 28 B 38 A
9 B 19 B 29 D 39 D
10 C 20 E 30 B 40 D
Test 10
1 E 11 C 21 H 31 B 41 C
2 A 12 B 22 B 32 C 42 D
3 G 13 E 23 B 33 B
4 B 14 F 24 D 34 A
5 D 15 D 25 D 35 D
6 B 16 G 26 A 36 D
7 A 17 E 27 C 37 A
8 D 18 D 28 C 38 B
9 C 19 F 29 A 39 A
10 A 20 C 30 C 40 A
150
Перелік корисних посилань
https://testportal.gov.ua/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/EVI_2019-An
gl_mova-1_zmina-Zoshyt_1.pdf
gl_mova-2_zmina-Zoshyt_1.pdf
gl_mova-dod_sessia.pdf
https://testportal.gov.ua/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/EVI_2018-ZNO-
Angl_mova-Zoshyt_1.pdf
https://testportal.gov.ua/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/VI_2018-u_
ZVO-Angl_mova-Zoshyt_1.pdf
https://testportal.gov.ua/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/EVI_2018-ZNO-
dod_ses-Angl_mova-Zoshyt_1.pdf
https://zno.osvita.ua/english/246/
151
Перелік слів
рекомендований МОН України
A
ability (n) action (n) after (prep)
able (adj) active (adj) afternoon (n)
about (adv & prep) activity (n) afterwards (adv)
• about 500 students actor (n) again (adv)
(adv) actress (n) against (prep)
• The film is about a small actual (adj) age (n)
boy. (prep) ad (advertisement) (n) aged (adj)
above (prep) add (v) agent (n)
abroad (adv) addition (n) agency (n)
absent (adj) • in addition ago (adv)
accept (v) additional (adj) agree (v)
access (n) address (n) ahead (adv)
• disabled access admire (v) aim (n&v)
• internet access admission (n) air (n)
accident (n) • charges/cost/price air-conditioning (n)
accommodation (n) admit (v) air force (n)
accompany (v) adult (adj & n) airline (n)
according to (prep phr) advanced (adj) airmail (n)
account (n) advantage (n) airport (n)
accurate (adj) adventure (n) alarm (n)
ache (n & v) advert (n) alarm clock (n)
achieve (v) advertise (v) album (n)
across (prep) advertisement ( n ) alike (adv)
act (n & v) advice (n) alive (adj)
• In the second act (of the advise (v) all (adj,adv, det & pron)
152
play) (n) aeroplane (n) all right/alright (adv)
• to act in a play (v) afford (v) allow ( v )
• to act strangely (v) afraid (adj) almost (adv)
alone (adv & adj) anyhow (adv) ask (v)
along (adv & prep) anyone (pron) asleep (adj)
aloud (adv) anything (pron) aspirin (n)
alphabet (n) anyway (adv) assistant (n)
already (adv) anywhere (adv) at (prep)
also (adv) apart from (prep) at all (prep phr)
although (conj) apartment (n) at first (prep phr)
altogether (adv) apologise (v) at last (prep phr)
always (adv) apology (n) at least (prep phr)
a.m. (adv) appear (v) at once (prep phr)
amazed (adj) appearance (n) at present (prep phr)
amazing (adj) apple (n) at the same time (prep
ambassador (n) application (n) phr)
ambition (n) apply (v) athlete (n)
ambulance (n) appointment (n) athletics (n)
among (amongst) (prep) approach (v) atmosphere (n)
amount (n) approve attach (v)
amusing (adj) architect (n) attack (n & v)
ancient (adj) area (n) attempt (v)
and (conj) argue (v) attend (v)
angry (adj) arm (n) attention (n)
animal (n) armchair (n) attitude (n)
ankle (n) army (n) attract (v)
anniversary (n) around (adv & prep) attraction (n)
announce (v) arrange (v) attractive (adj)
announcement (n) arrest (v) audience (n)
annoy(v) arrival (n) aunt (n)
153
annual (adj) arrive (v) automatically (adv)
another (det & pron) art (n) available (adj)
answer (n & v) article (n) average (adj & n)
answerphone (n) artist (n) avoid (v)
antique (adj & n) as (conj & prep) awake (adj)
anxious (adj) as well (adv) away (adv)
any (det & pron) as well as (prep) awful (adj)
anybody (pron) ashamed (adj)
B
baby (n) band (n) bat (n)
back (adv, adj & n) bandage (n) bath (n & v)
background (n) bank (n) bathroom (n)
backpack (n) bank balance (n) battle (n)
backwards (adv) banknote (n) bay (n)
bad (adj) bar(n) be (v)
bag (n) barbecue (n & v) beach (n)
baggage (n) bare (adj) bean (n)
bake (v) base on (phr V) bear (n)
balance (n & v) baseball (n) beard (n)
balcony (n) basement (n) beat (v)
bald (adj) basic (adj) beautiful (adj)
ball (n) basin (n) because (conj)
ballet (n) basket (n) because of (prep phr)
balloon (n) basketball (n) become (v)
banana (n) blue (adj) bed (n)
bedroom (n) board (n & v) breathe ( v )
bee (n) boarding pass (n) brick (n)
beef (n) boat (n) bridge (n)
before (prep, adv & body (n) brief (adj)
conj) boil (v) bright (adj)
154
begin (v) bold (adj) brilliant (adj)
behave (v) bomb (n & v) bring (v)
behind (prep & adv) bone (n) bring up (phr v)
believe (v) book (n & v) • She was brought up in
bell (n) booking office (n) London.
belong (v) bookshelf (n) broad (adj)
belongings (n) bookshop (n) brochure (n)
below (adv & prep) boot (n) brother (n)
belt (n) • leather boots brown (adj)
bend (n & v) • the boot of the car brush (n & v)
beneath (adv & prep) border (n) bucket (n)
benefit (n & v) bored (adj) buffet (adj & n)
beside (prep) boring (adj) bug (n)
between (prep & adv) born (adj) build (v)
beyond (prep & adv) borrow (v) building (n)
bicycle (n) boss (n) bulb (n)
big (adj) both (pron & det) • light bulb
bike (n) bottle (n) bull (n)
bill (n) bottom (n) bullet (n)
• electricity bill bowl (n) bureau (n)
bin (n) box (n & v) burger (n)
biography (n) boy (n) burglar (n)
biology (n) boyfriend (n) burglary (n)
bird (n) brain (n) burn (n & v)
birth (n) brake (n & v) bury (v)
birthday (n) branch (n) bus (n)
biscuit (n) brave (adj) business (n)
bit (n) bread (n) bus station (n)
bite (n & v) break (n & v) bus step (n)
bitter (adj) break down (phr v) busy (adj)
155
black (adj) • The car has broken but (conj)
blackboard (n) down. butcher (n)
blame (n & v) break in (phr v) butter (n)
blank (adj) • Someone broke in a button ( n )
• a blank piece of paper stole the buy (v)
blanket (n) computer. by (prep)
bleed (v) break up (phr v) by accident (prep phr)
blind (adj & n ) • When does school by all means (prep phr)
block (n) break up? by hand (prep phr)
• block of flats • The pop group has by mistake (prep phr)
blond (e) (adj & n) broken up. by name (prep phr)
blood (n) breakfast (n)
blouse (n) breath (n)
blow (n & v)
C
cab (n) cable (n) cake (n)
cabbage (n) café/cafe (n) calculator (n)
cabin (n) cage (n) calendar (n)
call (n & v) cathedral (n) chicken (n)
call for (phr v) cauliflower (n) chief (adj)
I’ll call for you at 7 cause (n & v) child (n)
call in (phr v) cave (n) childhood (n)
She called in to see a CD (n) chimney (n)
friend CD-Room (n) chin (n)
calm (adj) ceiling (n) chips (n)
camel (n) celebrate (v) chocolate (n)
camera (n) celebration (n) choice (n)
camp (n & v) celery (n) choose (v)
campsite (n) cellar (n) church (n)
can (n) cent (n) cinema (n)
156
canal (n) centimetre (cm) (n) circle (n)
cancel (v) central (adj) circus (n)
candidate (n) central heating (n) city (n)
candle (n) centre (n) clap (v)
canteen (n) century (n) class (n)
cap (n) cereal (n) • language class
capital (adj) certain (adj) • first class, second
• capital city certificate (n) class classical (adj)
• capital letter chain (n) • classical music
captain (n) chair (n & v) classroom (n)
car (n) chalk (n) clean (adj & v)
carry out (phr v) challenge (n & v) clear(adj & v)
car park (n) champion (n) clever (adj)
card (n) chance (n) click (v)
• birthday card change (n & v) cliff (n)
• credit card changing room (n) climate (n)
• identity (ID) card channel (n) climb (v)
• playing card chapter (n) clinic (n)
cardboard (adj & v) character (n) cloakroom (n)
care (n & v) charge (n & v) clock (n)
• take care of someone chat (n) close
(n) cheap (adj) cloth (n)
• to care (about/for) cheat (v) clothes (n pl)
someone/something check (n & v) cloud (n)
(v) check in (phr v) club (n)
career (n) • They checked into • to join a club
carpet (n) a hotel coach (n)
carrot (n) check out (phr v) coal (n)
carry (v) • He checked out of the coast (n)
carry on (phr v) hotel at the end coat (n)
157
• He carried on walking of his stay cocoa (n)
despite the rain checkout (n) coconut (n)
cartoon (n) cheerful (adj) coffee (n)
case (n) cheers! (exclam) coin (n)
• suitcase cheese (n) cola (n)
cash (n & v) chef (n) cold (adj & n)
cassette (n) chemist (n) collar (n)
cassette player/recorder chemistry (n) colleague (n)
(n) cheque (n) collect (v)
castle (n) chess (n) collection (n)
cat (n) chest (n) college (n)
catch (v) consist (v) colour (n & v)
comb (n & v) consul (n) creature (n)
come (v) consulate (n) credit (n)
come down (phr v) contact (n & v) • credit card
• The house had come contain (v) crew(n)
down in price contents (n) crime (n)
come on (phr v) continent (n) criminal (n)
• Come on or we'll miss continue (v) cross (n & v)
the bus contract (n) crossing (n)
comedy (n) control (n & v) • pedestrian crossing
comedian (n) convenient (adj) cross out (phr v)
comfort (n) conversation (n) • Cross it out and write it
comfortable (adj) cook (n & v) again.
comic (adj & n) cooker(n) crossroads (n)
command (v) cookie (n) (Am Eng) crowd (n)
commercial (adj) cool (adj & v) crowded (adj)
committee (n) copy (n & v) crown (n)
common (adj) corn (n) cruel (adj)
158
• a common surname corner(n) cruise (v)
• have something in correct (adj & v) cry (n & v)
common correction (n) cucumber (n)
communicate (v) corridor (n) cultural (adj)
communication (n) cost (n & v) culture (n)
compact (adj) costume (n) cup (n)
company (n) cottage (n) cupboard (n)
compare (v) cotton (n) cure (n & v)
comparison (n) cough (n & v) curious (adj)
compete (n) count (v) curly (adj)
competition (n) country (n) currency (n)
complain (v) countryside(n) current (adj)
complaint (n) couple (n) curriculum (n)
complete (v) courage (n) curriculum vitae/CV (n)
complicated (adj) course (n) curry (n)
composition (n) • English course curtain (n)
computer (n) • main course curve (n & v)
concentrate (v) • of course (exclam) cushion (n)
concert (n) court (n) custom (n)
conclusion (n) • law court customs (n pl)
condition (n) • tennis court customs officer (n)
• in good condition cousin (n) customer (n)
conference (n) cover (n & v) cut (n & v)
confident (adj) cow (n) cut up (phr v)
confirm (v) crash (n & v) • She cut up the cake into
congratulations! (exclam) crazy (adj) small pieces
conned (v) cream (adj & n) cute (adj)
connection (n) create (v) cycle (n & v)
consider (v) creative (adj)
159
D
dad (n) dance (n & v) • today's date (n)
daddy (n) danger (n) daughter (n)
daily (adj & adv) dangerous (adj) day (n)
damage (n & v) dark (adj & n) dead (adj)
damp (adj) date (n & v) deaf (adj)
deal (with) (v) detective (n) dizzy (adj)
dear (adj & exclam) develop (v) dizzy (adj)
• too dear to buy (adj) diagram (n) do (v)
• Dear Sir (adj) dial (v) doctor/Dr (n)
• Oh dear! (exclam) diary (n) document (n)
death (n) dictionary (n) documentary (adj & n)
decide (v) die (v) dog (n)
decimal (adj & n) diet (n & v) doll (n)
decision (n) differ (v) dollar (n)
declare (v) difference (n) dolphin (n)
deck (n) different (adj) door (n)
• the deck of a boat difficult(adj) double (adj)
decrease (n & v) difficulty (n) doubt (n & v)
deejay / DJ (n) dig (v) down (adv & prep)
deep (adj & adv) digital (adj) download (n & v)
defeat (n & v) dining room (n) downstairs (adv)
defence (n) dinner (n) dozen (n)
defend (v) diploma (n) drama (n)
definitely (adv) direct (adj & v) draw (v)
degree (n) direction (n) • to draw a picture of
• 90 degrees director (n) someone or
• a degree in maths directory (n) something
delay (n & v) • a telephone directory • to draw the curtains
160
delighted (adj) dirt (n) • to draw near
deliver (v) disabled (adj) drawer (n)
delivery (n) disadvantage (n) dream (n & v)
demand (n & v) disagree (v) dress (n & v)
demonstration (n) disappear (v) dressing (n)
dentist (n) disappoint (v) drink (n & v)
depart (v) disc/disk (n) drive (n & v)
department (n) • compact disc/CD driving licence (n)
departure (n) • hard disk drop (n & v)
depend (v) • floppy disk drugstore (n) (Am Eng)
• It depends on what you disco(theque) (n) drum (n)
want to do. discount (n) dry (adj & v )
deposit (n) discover(v) dry cleaning (n)
• pay a deposit discuss (v) duck (n)
depressed (adj) discussion (n) due (adj)
depth (n) disease (n) • The next bus is due in
• the depth of the water disgusting (adj) five minutes
describe (v) dish (n) due to (prep phr)
description (n) dishwasher (n) dull (adj)
desert (n) dislike (n & v) during (prep)
deserve (v) display (n & v) dust (n & v)
design (n & v) distant (adj) dustbin (n)
desk (n) distinct (n) duty (n)
despite (prep) disturb (v) duty-free (adj)
dessert (n) dive (v) duvet (n)
destination (n) divide (v) DVD (n)
destroy (v) DVD player (n)
detail (n)
161
E
each (det & pron) ear (n) earache (n)
early (adj) end( n & v ) everybody (pron)
earn (v) end up (phr v ) everyone (pron)
earring (n) enemy (n) everything (pron)
earth (n) engaged (adj) everywhere (adv)
east (adj, adv & n) • to be engaged to exact (adj)
eastern (adj) someone examine (v)
easy(adj) • The phone was examination/exam (n)
eat (v) engaged example (n)
economics (n) engine (n) excellent (adj)
edge (n) engineer (n) except (prep, conj)
educate (v) enjoy (v) excitement (n)
education (n) enormous (adj) exchange(n)
effect (n) enough (adv, det) • an exchange visit
efficient (adj) pron) • in exchange for
effort (n) enquiry (n) exchange (v)
egg (n) enter (v) exchange rate (n)
either (adv, det, pron & entertain (v) excited (adj)
conj) entertaining (adj) exciting (adj)
elderly (n & adj) entertainment (n) excuse (n & v)
elect (v) entrance (n) exercise (n & v)
election (n) entry (n) exhibition (n)
electric (adj) envelope (n) exist (v)
electrical (adj) environment (n) exit (n)
electricity (n) equal (adj) expect (v)
electronic (adj) equipment (n) expedition (n)
elementary (adj) escalator (n) expensive (adj)
elephant (n) escape (n & v) experience (n)
else (adv) especially (adv) experiment (n & v)
162
email (n & v) essay(n) expert (n)
embarrassed (adj) essential (adj) explain (v)
embarrassing (adj) euro/Euro (n) explanation (n)
embassy (n) even (adv) explode (v)
emergency (n) • He couldn't even do explore (v)
employ (v) that extra (adj & adv)
employee (n) evening (n) extraordinary (adj)
employment (n) event (n) extremely (adv)
empty (adj & v) ever (adv) eye (n)
encourage (v) every (adj)
F
face (n) fall (n & V) fascinate (v)
• a sad look on his face (n) (Am Eng) (Br Eng: fashion (n)
facility (n) autumn) fast (adj & adv)
• The hotel has excellent false (adj) fasten (v)
facilities familiar (with) (adj) fat (adj & n)
fact(n) family (n) father (n)
factory (n) famous (adj) fault (n)
fail (v) fan (n) favour (n)
failure (n) fantastic (adj) favourite (adj & n)
faint (adj & v) far (adv) fax (n & v)
fair (adj & n) fare (n) fear(n)
fairly (adv) • The return fare is £26 free (n)
faithfully (adv) farm (n & v) forest (n)
feed (v) first (adj, adv & pron) forever (adv)
feel (v) • first name (adj) forget(v)
feel like (v) • first of all (adv) forgive (v)
• to feel like doing • He was the first(pron) fork (n)
something fish (n & v) form (n)
female (adj) fit (adj & v) former (adj)
163
fence (n) • keep fit (adj) fortnight (n)
ferry (n) • These shoes don't fit fortunately (adv)
festival (n) (v) forward(s) (adv)
fetch (v) fitness (n) fountain (n)
fever (n) fix (n) free (adj)
few (adj) flag (n) freeze (v)
fiancé(e) (n) flat (adj & n) freezer (n)
fiction (n) flight (n) French fries (n)(Am
field (n) flight attendant (n) Eng)
fight (n & v ) float (v) frequent (adj)
figure (n) flood (n & v) fresh (adj)
fill ( v ) floor (n) fridge (n)
fill in (phr v) flour (n) friend (n)
• You need to fll in a flow (n & v) frighten (v)
form flower (n) from (prep)
fill up (phr v) flu (n) front (adj & n)
• He filled up the car with flute (n) frontier(n)
petrol fly (n & v) frost (n)
film (n & v ) fog (n) fruit (n)
film maker (n) fold (v) fry ( v )
film star (n) folk (adj & n) frying pan (n)
final (adj & n) follow (v) fuel(n)
financial (adj) following (adj) full(adj)
find (v) fond (adj) full time (adv)
find out (phr v) • to be fond of full-time (adj)
• I must find out when • something/someone fun (n)
he’s arriving food (n) funny(adj)
fine (adj, n&v) fool (n) • a funny story (amusing)
finger (n) foot (n) • a funny thing happened
finish (n & v) football (n) (strange)
164
fire (n) for (prep) furnished (adj)
firefighter (n) forbid (v) furniture (n)
firm (adj & n) force (n) further (adv & adj)
• firm ground (adj) forecast (n & v) future (adj & n)
• a good firm to work for foreign (adj)
(n) foreigner (n)
G
gallery (n) • to put some gas in the get (v)
• an art gallery car (Am Eng) get along (with) (phr v )
gain (v) (Br Eng: petrol) • How do you get along
• gain experience gate (n) with Harry?
game (n) general (adj) get back (phrv)
gap(n) generation (n) • When did you get
garage (n) generous (adj) back from New
garden (n) gentle (adj) York?
gas (n) gentleman (n) get down (phr v)
• a gas cooker geography (n) • Get down at once!
• Did you get ail the notes give way (phr v) grade (n)
down? • You must give way to gram(me) (n)
get in (phr v) traffic at a grammar (n)
• Can you get i n through roundabout. grandchild (n)
the window? glad (adj) grand(d)ad (n)
get off (phr v) glance (n & v) granddaughter (n)
• We get off at the next glass (n) grandfather (n)
stop glasses (n pl) grandma (n)
get on(phr n) global warming (n) grandmother (n)
• Get your coat on and glove (n) grandpa (n)
then we can leave go (v) grandparent (n)
• How are you getting on go for (phr v) grandson (n)
now? • He went for the job grant (n)
165
get on (with) (phr v) • The dog went for the • He was given a grant to
• She got on with her man study in
work go off (phr v) Australia (n)
• I'm getting on well with • They went off to grape (n)
French Australia grass (n)
• Do you get on well with • Suddenly the lights grateful (adj)
• Sam? went off great (adj)
get rid of (phr v) go on (phr v) green (adj)
get up (phr v) • The meeting went on greengrocer (n)
• What time do you get until six o “clock grey (adj)
up in the • What's going on? grill (n & v)
morning? go out (phr v) grocer(n)
gift (n) • The fire has gone out ground (adj & n)
giraffe (n) • Are you going out with group (n & v)
girl (n) Thomas grow (v)
girlfriend (n) tonight? grow up (phr v)
give (v) go with (phr v) • Children grow up
give back (phr v) • Your tie doesn't go with fast guard ( n & v )
• Give me back this book your shirt guess (n & v)
on Tuesday, goal (n) guest (n)
please. goat(n) guest-house (n)
give in (phr v) gold(n) guide (n & v)
• Have you given in your golf(n) guidebook (n)
homework yet? good (adj) guilty (adj)
• Do you give in? • The film was very good guitar (n)
give out (phr v) • to be good at maths gum (n)
• Will you give out these goodbye (exclam) • chewing gum
papers for me good-looking (adj) • sore gums
please? goodnight (exclam) gun (n)
166
give up (phr v) goods (n pl) guy(n)
• Has David given up govern (v) gym (nastics) (n)
playing tennis? government (n)
H
habit (n) half (adj. adv & n) hand-held (adj)
hair (n) hall (n) hand in (phr v)
haircut (n) hallo/hello (exclam) • Please hand in the
hairdresser (n) hammer (n & v) answer sheet wher
hairdryer (n) hand (n & v) you’ve finished
hand out (phr v) headline (n) hold (v)
• Hand out the books health (n) hold up (phr v)
please, Tom hear (v) • He was held up in the
handbag(n) heart (n) heavy traffic for
handkerchief (n) heat (n & v) over two hours
handle (n&v) hedge(n) hole (n)
handsome (adj) heavy (adv) holiday (n)
handwriting (n) height (n) home (adv & n)
hang (v) helicopter (n) homepage (n)
• to hang з picture hello/hallo (exclam) homework (n)
hang out (phr v) helmet (n) honest (adj)
• to hang out with friends help (n &v) honey(n)
hang up (phr v) her (det & prom) hope (n &v)
• She hung up at the end here (adv) horrible (adj)
of the phone hero (n) horse (n)
call hers (pron) hospital (n)
happen (v) herself (pron) hostel (n)
happy (adj) hide (v) hot (adj)
harbour (n) high (adj& adv) hotel (n)
hard (adj &adv) hill (n) hour(n)
167
hardly (adv) him (pron) house(n)
• hardly any time himself (pron) housewife (n)
• He could hardly wait hire (v & n) housework (n)
hat (n) • to hire a boat (v) hovercraft (n)
hate (n & v) • for hire (n) how (adv)
have (v) his (det & pron) how much (adv)
have got (v) historic (adj) however (adv)
he (pron) historical (adj) huge (adj)
head (n & v) history (n) human (adj & v)
• to hit one's head (n) hit (n & v) hunger (n)
• the head of the • The song was a great hungry (adj)
company (n) hit(n) hurry (n & v)
• The child was sent to • to hit the ball (v) hurt (adj & v)
see the Head hitch-hike (v) husband (n)
Teacher (n) hobby (n) hut (n)
• to head a ball (v) hockey (n) hydrofoil (n)
headache (n)
I
I (pron) import (v) in half (prep phr)
ice (n) importance (n) in ink (prep phr)
ice cream (n) impartant(adj) in love (prep phr)
ice hockey (n) impossible (adj) in order (prep phr)
idea(n) improve (v) in order to (prep phr)
identity (n) in (adv & prep) in pencil (prep phr)
• identity (ID) card in advance (prep phr) in pieces (prep phr)
if (conj) in any case (prep phr) in place (prep phr)
ill (adj) in case of (prep phr) in private (prep phr)
illness (n) • in case of fire in public (prep phr)
imagination (n) • in case of delays in stock (prep phr)
imagine (v) in danger (prep phr) in time (prep phr)
168
immediate (adj) in the end (prep phr) in turn (prep phr)
immediately (adv) in fact (prep phr) in two (prep phr)
immigration (n) in front of (prep phr) include (v)
income (n) insect (n) • an interval in a play
incorrect (adj) inside (adv, prop & n) interview (n & v)
increase (n & v) insist (v) into (prep)
indeed (adv) instance (n) introduce (v)
independent (adj) instead (adv) introduction (n)
index (n) instead of (prep phr) invade (v)
• the index of a book instruction(s) (n) invasion (n)
individual (adj & n) instructor (n) invent (v)
indoor (adj) instrument (n) invention (n)
indoors (adv) musical instrument invitation (n)
industry (n) insurance (n) invite (v)
influence (n&v) insure (v) involve (v)
inform (v) intelligent (adj) iron (n & v)
information (n) intend (v) island (n)
ingredients (n) • to intend to do issue (n)
inhabitant (n) something IT (information
initial (n) interest (n & v) Technology) (n)
• His initials are J. B. H intermediate (adj) it (pron)
injure (v) international (adj) item (n)
ink (n) internet (n) its (det)
inn (n) interpret (n) itself (pron)
inquiry (n) interrupt (v)
interval (n)
J
jacket (n) jet (n) joke (n & v)
jail (n) (Am Eng) (Br • to go by jet (plane) journalism (n)
Eng: prison) jewellery (n) loumalist (n)
169
jam (n) job(n) journey (n)
• strawberry jam jog (v) judge (n&v)
• traffic jam • to go jogging jug (n)
jar(n) join (v) juice (n)
jazz (n) • The rivers join there jump (n & v)
jealous (adj) • to join the army jury (n)
jeans (n pl) • to join (in) a game just (adv)
K
kangaroo (n) • key to a lock kitten (n)
keen (adj) • key to success knee (n)
• He's keen on cycling keyboard (n) kneel (v)
• to be keen to do • computer keyboard knife (n)
something • keyboard music knit (v)
keep (v) kick (n & v) knock (n & v)
keep in (phr v) kids (n pl) knock down (phr v)
• She kept the children in kilo (gram (mel0) (kg) (n) • He was knocked down
as it was so kilometer (km) (n) by the car as
cold. kill(v) he stepped into the road.
keep on (phr v) kind (adj &n) knock out (phr v)
• He kept on talking kiosk (n) • The fall knocked him
• Keep up the good work! kiss (n & v) out.
kettle (n) kitchen (n) know (v)
key (n) knowledge (n)
L
laboratory (lab) (n) lend (v) live (adj)
labourer (n) length (n) • live music/sport
lack (n&v) less (det, adj, adv & lively (adj)
ladder (n) pron) living (adj)
lady (n) lesson (n) living room (n)
170
lake (n) let (v) load (n & v)
lamb (n) • Let her do it. loaf (n)
lamp (n) • Let me think. loan (n)
land (n & v) • Let's go out tonight. local (adj)
landlady (n) letter (n) location (n)
landlord (n) letter-box (n) lock (n&v)
landscape (n) lettuce (n) locker (n)
language (n) level (adj & n) lonely (adj)
laptop (computer) (n) library (n) long (adj)
large (adj) licence (n) look (n&v)
laser (n) • a driving/marriage/TV look after (phr v)
last (adj, adv & v) licence • Who's looking after your
laste (adj & adv) lie(n &v) baby now?
lately (adv) life (n) look forward to (phr v)
later (adj & adv) lift (n & v) • I'm looking forward to
latest (adj) • Can you give me a lift, the party!
laugh (n & v) please? (n) look like (v)
laundry (n) • The lift is going up. (n) • She looks like her
lavatory (n) • Please help me to lift sister
law (n) this table (v) look cut (phr v)
lawn (n) light (adj, n & v) • Look out or you have
lawyer (n) lighter (n) an accident
lay (v) • a cigarette lighter look up (phr v)
lazy (adj) lightning (n) • Look up the meaning of
lead (v) like (adv, prep & v) the word in
• to lead someone by the likely (adj) your dictionary.
hand limit (n & v) loose (adj)
• Where does this road line (n) lorry (n)
lead? • a line on a page lose (v)
171
leaf (n) • a clothes line lost property office (n)
learn (v) • a railway line lot (n)
least (adj & adv) link (n) loud (adj)
the least amount (adj) • a link to a website lounge (n)
• at least (adv) lion (n) love (n & v)
leather (n) lip (n) lovely (adj)
leave (v) lipstick (n) low (adj & adj)
leave out (phr v) liquid (n) lower (v)
• He left out several list (n) luck (n)
important facts listen (v) luggage (n)
lecture (n & v) literature (n) lump (n)
left (n, adj & adv) litter (n) lunch (n)
leg (n) little (n) lunchtime (n)
leisure (n) live (v) lung (n)
lemon (n) luxury (n)
lemonade (n)
M
machine (n) Madam (n) magazine (n)
mad (adj) made of (adj) magic (adj & n)
magnificent (adj) member (n) • It`s cheap because it`s
mail (n & v) membership (n) last year`s
main (adj) memory (n) model. (n)
majority (n) • to have a good/poor • She`s a fashion model.
make (v) memory (n)
make-up (n) • happy memories modern (adj)
make sure (phr v) • computer memory moment (n)
male (adj & n) mend (v) money (n)
man (n) mention (v) monkey (n)
manage (v) menu (n) month (n)
172
• to manage a business merry (adj) moon (n)
• to manage to do message (n) more (adj, adv & pron)
something (succeed metal (n) morning (n)
in) method (n) mosque (n)
manner (n) • modern methods of most (adj, adv & pron)
many (adj & pron) teaching mother (n)
map (n) metre (m) (n) motor (n)
mark (n & v) microwave (n) motorbike (n)
market (n) midday (n) motorcycle (n)
• to buy something from a middle (adj & n) motor-racing (n)
market midnight (n) motorway (n)
marriage (n) mild (adj) mountain (n)
marry (v) mile (n) mouse (n)
master (n) milk (n) moustache (n)
match (n & v) millimeter (mm) (n) mouth (n)
• a box of matches (n) mind (n & v) move (v)
• a tennis match (n) • His mind was on other move (n) (Am Eng) (Br
• This tie matches your things. (n) Eng: film)
shirt, (v) • Would you mind if I movie theatre (n) (Am
mate (n) called Eng) (BR Eng:
material (n) tomorrow? (v) cinema)
mathematics/math(s) (n) • I don't mind (v) movie star (n) (Am Eng)
matter (n & v) • Mind your head! (v) (Br Eng:
• Is anything the matter? • Who's minding the film star)
(n) baby for you? (v) MP3 player (n)
• It doesn't matter, (v) mine (pron) Mr (n)
maximum (adj & n) mineral (adj) Mrs (n)
maybe (adv) mineral water (n) Ms (n)
me (pron) minimum (adj & n) much (adj, adj & pron)
173
meal (n) minister (n) mug (n)
mean (v) • government minister multiply (v)
• What do you mean? minute (n) mum (n)
• What does it mean? mirror (n) mummy (n)
means (n) miserable (adj) murder (n & v)
measure (v) miss (n & v) museum (n)
mechanic (n) Miss (n) mushroom (n)
meat (n) mist (n) music (n)
medicine (n) mistake (n) musical adj & n)
medium (adj) mix (v) musician (n)
meet (v) mobile (phone) (n) mustard (n)
melon (n) model (adj & n) my (det)
melt (v) • a model railway (adj) myself (pron)
mystery (n)
N
nail (n) • a nervous person nose (n)
• fingernail • to feel nervous not (adv)
• hammer and nails net (n) note (n & v)
name (n & v) network (n) • to write a not (n)
narrow (adj) never (adv) • a ten-pound note (n)
nasty (adj) new (adj) • Please note. (v)
national (adj) news (n) notebook (n)
nationality (n) newsagent (n) notepaper (n)
natural (adj) newspaper (n) nothing (pron)
nature (n) next (adj, adv & pron) notice (n & v)
• nature studies next to (prep) • to read a notice (n)
near (adv, prep & adj) nice (adj) • until further notice (n)
nearby (adj & adv) niece (n) • Did you notice anything
nearly (adv) night (n) wrong? (v)
neat (adj) nightclub (n) novel (n)
174
necessary (adj) no (adv & det) now (adv)
neck (n) nobody (pron) nowadays (adv)
need (v) noise (n) nowhere (adv)
needle (n) none (pron) number (n)
negative (adj) nonsense (n) • numbers 5 to 7
neighbour (n) noon (n) • a large number of cars
neighbourhood (n) no one (pron) • What`s your (phone)
neither (pron, adv, conj nor (conj) number?
& det) normal (adj) nurse (n & v)
nephew (n) north (adj, adv & n) nut (n)
nervous (adj) northeast (adj & n)
northwest (adj & n)
O
object (n) OK/O. K./okay (adj) online (adv & adj)
obvious (adj) old (adj) • to book/buy something
occasion (n) old-fashioned (adj) online (adv)
occasional (adj) omelette (n) • an online facility (adj)
occupation (n) on (adv & prep) only (adj & adv)
ocean (n) on board (prep phr) onto (prep)
o`clock (adv) on business (prep phr) open (adj & v)
of (prep) on fire (prep phr) opening hours (n pl)
of course (adv) on foot (prep phr) opera (n)
off (adv & prep) on holiday (prep phr) operate (v)
• It fell off the table. on loan (prep phr) operation (n)
(prep) on purpose (pmp phr) operator (n)
• The meeting is off. on request (prep phr) opinion (n)
(adv) on safe (prep phr) opportunity (n)
• I`ve got the afternoon on time (prep phr) opposite (adj, n, prep &
off. (adv) once (adv) adv)
offer (n & v) • once a year option (n)
175
office (n) • I once saw him dancing or (conj)
officer (n) one (pron & det) orange (adj & n)
often (adv) oneself (pron) orchestra (n)
oh! (int) one-way (adj) order (conj, n & V)
oh dear! (int) onion (n) • in order to (conj)
oil (n) out of doors (prep phr) • to be over (finished)
• to put something in out of order (prep phr) (adv)
order (n) out of stock (prep phr) • Several birds were
• to order a meal (v) out of work (prep phr) flying over the roof
ordinary (adj) outdoor (adj) of the school. (prep)
organisation (n) outdoors (adv) overnight (adj & adv)
organise (v) outside (adv, n, prep & overtake (v)
original (adj) adj) owe (v)
other (adj, pron & det) oven (n) own (adj & v)
our (det) over (adv & prep) • my own pen (adj)
ours (pron) • I`m going over the road. • to own a car (v)
ourselves (pron) (prep) owner (n)
out (adv) • over 40 people (more
out of (prep) than) (adv)
out of date (prep phr)
P
pack (n & v) • Several cars passed. • to pass the pepper
• an information pack (n) • to pass the sugar (spice)
• to pack a case (v) • to pass а examination • red peppers (vegetable)
packet (n) passenger (n) per (prep)
page (n) passport (n) per cent (n)
pain (n) password (n) perfect (adj)
paint (n & v) past (adj, n & prep) perform (v)
pair (n) • the past few weeks. performance (n)
palace (n) (adj) perfume (n)
176
pale (adj) • in the past. (n) perhaps (adv)
pan (n) • It's half past one. (prep) period (n)
pants (n) (Am Eng) (Br pasta (n) permanent (adj)
Eng: frousers) pastry (n) permission (n)
paper (n) path (n) permitted (adj)
• a sheet of paper patient (adj & n) person (n)
• a (news)paper • to be patient (adj) personal (adj)
parcel (n) • a hospital patient (n) persuade (v)
• pardon (n) (int) pattern (n) pet (n)
• Pardon? I didn`t hear pause (n & v) petrol (n)
what you said. pavement (n) petrol station (n)
parent (n) pay (n & v) pharmacy (n)
park (n & v) pea (n) phone (n & v)
• a public parte (n) peace (n) photo (n)
• to park a car (v) peanut (n) photocopy (n)
parliament (n) pear(n) photograph (n)
part (n & v) pedestrian (n) photography (n)
• a part of something (n) peel (n & v) physician (n)
• to part from someone pen (n) physics (n)
(v) pence (n pl) piano (n)
partly (adv) pencil (n) pick (v)
particular (adj) pencil case (n) pick up (phr v)
partner (n) pen-friend (n) • І picked up a pencil.
part time (adv) penknife (n) • I`ll pick up my sister
part-time (adj) penny(n) from the station.
party (n) pension (n) picnic (n &v)
• a birthday party people (n pl) picture (n)
• a political party pepper (n) pie (n)
pass (v) pleasure (n) piece (n)
• а piece of cheese plenty (pron) potato (n)
177
• to break into small plug (n) pound (£) (n)
pieces • a plug for the bath pour(v)
• a piece of • an electrical plug plug poverty (n)
furniture/advice plug in (phrv) powder (n)
pig (n) p.m. (adv) power (n)
pile (n) pocket(n) practice (n)
pill (n) pocket money (n) practise (v) (n = Am
pillow (n) poem (n) Eng)
pilot (n & v) poet(n) pray (v)
pin (n & v) poetry (n) prayer(n)
pink (adj) point (n & v) prefer (v)
pipe (n) • to point at something (v) preparation (n)
pity (n) • The pencil has no point prepare (v)
pizza (n) to it (n) prescription (n)
place (n & v) police (n) • medicine on a
• a save place (n) policeman (n) prescription
• I’ve lost my place police officer (n) present (adj & n)
in the book (n) policewoman (n) • to be present (adj)
• third place in a race (n) police station (n) • at the present time (adj)
• to place something on polite (adj) • That will be all for the
the table (v) political (adj) present(n)
• London is a big place. politics (n) • I got some lovely
(n) politician (n) birthday presents (n)
plain (adj) pollution (n) presenter (n)
• It's plain to me. (clear) pool (n) president (n)
• a plain T-shirt (no • a swimming-pool press (v)
design) poor (adj) • to press a button
plan (n & v) • She is very poor • to press a suit
• a street plan (n) (financial) pretty (adj)
• a plan to do something • The poor man prevent (v)
178
(n) (sympathy) previous (adj)
plane (n) pop (adj & n) price (n)
planet (n) pop priest (n)
plant (n & v) song/music/star/group primary (adj)
plastic (adj & n) popular (adj) • primary school
plate (n) population (n) prime minister (n)
platform (n) port (n) prince (n)
play (n & v) porter (n) princess (n)
• a play at the theatre(n) position (n) principal (adj)
• children playing (v) positive (adj) print (n & v)
• to play football (v) possibility (n) • in large print (n)
• to play the guitar (v) possible (adj) • print a document (v)
• to play a post (n & v) • to print your name in
record/cassette/CD (v) • to post a letter (v) capitals (v)
• to play the part of • to send it by post (n) prison (n)
someone (act) (v) post office (n) prisoner (n)
player (n) postage (n) private (adj)
playground (n) postcard (n) prize (n)
playing cards (n) poster(n) probable (adj)
pleasant (adj) postman (n) probably (adv)
please (int & v) pot (n) problem (n)
• Come in, please (int) • to make something produce (v)
• to please someone (v) public (adj) product (n)
profession (n) • to be open to the public • She put her name
professional (adj & n) (n) down
professor (n) publish (v) put off (phr v)
program(me) (n) pull (n & v) • The meeting was put off
• TV programme pullover (n) until the
• computer program pump (n) following week
progress (n) petrol/bike pump put on (phr v)
179
project (n) punctual (adj) • He put on a suit
promise (n & v) punish (v) • Can you put on the
• to promise to do punishment (n) light?
something (v) pupil (n) • He didn't want to put on
• to keep a promise (n) pure (adj) weight
pronounce (v) purple (adj) put out (phr v)
• to pronounce a word purpose (n) • The fire was quickly put
correctly • He did it on purpose out.
pronunciation (n) (deliberately) put through (phr v)
proper (adj) purse (n) • Can you put me through
property (n) push (n & v) to the
protect (v) put(v) • manager, please?
proud (adj) put away (phr v) put up (phr v)
prove (v) • He put the book away • The company was
provide (v) put down (phr v) forced to put up its
public (adj & n) prices
• public opinion (adj) pyjamas (n pl)
Q
qualification (n) question (n) quiet (adj)
qualify (v) • to ask a question quit (v)
quality (n) • the question being quite (adv)
quantity (n) discussed (subject) • Are you quite sure?
quarter (n) questionnaire (n) • quite old
quay(n) queue (n & v) quiz (n)
queen (n) quick (adj)
R
rabbit (n) • to raise your arm ready (adj)
race (n & v) • to raise prices real (adj)
• to win a race (n) range (n) realise (v)
• to race against fast rank (n) • He realised it was true
180
runners (compete) • a taxi rank realistic (adj)
(v) rare (adj) really (adv)
• to race home quickly rarely (adv) reason (n)
(run) (v) rather (adv & prep) reasonable (adj)
racket(n) • rather earlier than usual receipt (n)
• tennis racket (adv) receive (v)
radio (n) • I'd prefer to drink water recent (adj)
rail(n) rather than fruit reception (n)
• to go by rail juice (prep) recipe (n)
railway (n) raw (adj) recognise (v)
rain (n & v) • raw meat recommend (v)
raincoat (n) razor(n) • to recommend
rainforest (n) reach (v) someone/something
raise (v) read (v) record (n & v)
• to keep а record (n) • She was a reserve for road (n)
• to break a record (n) the team (n) roast (adj & v)
• to record a song (v) • to reserve a seat (v) rob (v)
recording (n) respect (n & v) robbery (n)
recover (v) responsible (adj) rock (n)
• to recover from an rest (n &v) • rock (music) (n)
illness • a rest from work (n) • a hard piece of rock (n)
recycle (v) • the rest of them (n) role (n)
• I don't recycle as much • The doctor told her to roll (n& v)
as I should rest (v) • a roll of film (n)
recycled (adj) restaurant (n) • a bread roll (n)
recycling (n) result (n) • to roll into a ball (v)
red (adj) retire (v) roof(n)
reduce (v) return (n & v) room (n)
refreshments (n) • to return home (v) • the sitting room
refrigerator (n) • a return (ticket) (n) • There’s a lots of room in
181
refund (n& v) review (n & v) here
refuse (v) revise (v) rose (n)
regarding (prep) reward (n & v) rough (adi)
region (n) rice (n) • a rough road
register (n& v) rich (adj & n) • a rough idea
• He took the class ride (n & v) • rough work
register (n) right (adj, adv & n) round (adi, adv & prep)
• He registered with a • the right time(correct) • a round object (adj)
new doctor (v) (adj) • the wrong way round
registration (n) • he right person for the (adv)
regret (n & v) job (suitable) • to sit round a table
regular (adj) (adj) (prep)
relation (n) • my right foot (adj) roundabout (n)
• to visit a relation • Everything will be all route (n)
relationship (n) right (adj) row (n)
relative (n) • Go right there(directly) • a row of seats
• a relative came to stay (adv) rubber (adj & n)
relax (v) • Fill it right to the top • rubber tyres (adj)
relaxation (n) (completely) • a rubber (eraser) (n)
reliable (adj) (adv) rubbish (n)
religion (n) • the right to vote (n) rude (adj)
remain (v) ring (n & v) rugby (n)
remember (v) • stand in a ring (n) ruin (n)
remind (v) • a wedding ring (n) rule (n & v)
remove (v) • Give me a ring • the rules of grammar (n)
rent (n & v) tomorrow (phone) (n) • to rule a country (v)
repair (n & v) • Suddenly the bell rang ruler (n)
repeat (v) (v) • draw a line using a ruler
replace (v) ring back (phr v) run (v)
reply (n & v) ring off (phf v) • to run in a race
182
report (n & v) ring up (phr v) • to run a busness
request (n & v) ripe (adj) run out of (phr v)
require (v) rise (v) • He ran out of time and
rescue (n & v) • The sun rises in the didn`t finish.
research (n& v) East
reservation (n) • Prices are rising
reserve (n & v) river (n)
S
sad (adj) • sixty seconds in a sew (v)
safe (adj) minute (n) sex (n)
• to be safe from harm secondary (adj) • the male/female sex
safety (n) • secondary school sh! (int)
sail (n & v) secret (adj & n) shade (n)
salad (n) secretary (n) • to sit in the shade
salary (n) security (n) shadow (n)
sale (n) see (v) shake (n & v)
salesman/saleswoman (n) • to see something (with shallow (adj)
salt (n) the eyes) shame (n)
same (adj, pron & adv) • to see the joke shampoo (n)
sand (n) (understand) shape (n)
sandwich (n) • to see someone about a share (n & v)
satisfactory (adj) problem shark (n)
satisfied (consult) sharp (adj)
saucer (n) seem (v) • a sharp knife
sausage (n) seldom (adv) • a sharp corner
save (v) select (v) • a sharp picture
• to save someone self-service (adj) shave (n & v)
• to save money sell (v) she (pron)
• to save time say send (v) sheep (n)
say (v) sensible (adj) sheet (n)
183
• to say something to sentence (n) • sheets on a bed
someone • words in a sentence • a sheet of paper
• I really can't say. (give separate(adj & v) • information sheet
an opinion) series (n) shelf (n)
scene (n) • a TV series shine (v)
scenery (n) serious (adj) ship (n)
school (n) • a serious person shirt (n)
science (n) • a serious Illness shock (n & v)
science fiction (n) servant (n) • to suffer from shock (n)
scientific (adj) serve (v) • The film shocked me.
scientist (n) • to serve in a shop (v)
scissors (n) service (n) shoe (n)
scooter (n) • a bus service shoot (v)
score (n & v) customer service • to shoot at the goal
• The score was 3-0. (n) session (n) shop (n & v)
• to score a goal (v) • in a school, gym shop assistant (n)
scream (n & v) set (v) shopkeeper (n)
screen (n) set free (phr v) shore (n)
sculpture (n) setoff (phr v) short (adj)
sea (n) • She set off early for shorts (n pl)
search (n & v) work. • a pair of shorts
seaside (n) set out (phr v) shoulder (n)
season (n) • They set out on the long shout (n & v)
seat (n) journey. show (n & v)
seat belt (n) set up (phr v) • a film show (n)
second (adj & n) • Her mother helped her • Show it to me. (v)
• to be second in the race to set up in • The picture shows a
(adj) business. village. (v)
shower (n) several (adj & det) • It shows that they care.
• a shower of rain skin (n) (v)
184
• to have a shower skirt (n) • I`ll come soon.
shut (adj & v) sky (n) • as soon as I can
shy (adj) sleep (n & v) sore (adj)
sick (adj) sleeve (n) sorry (adj)
side (n) slice (n) sort (n)
sight (n) slim (adj) • the same sort
• Her sight is better with slip (v) sort out (phr v)
glasses. • to slip on the ice • We need to sort out this
• in sight, out of sight slope (n) problem
sightseeing (n) • mountain/ski slope sound (n & v)
sign(n & v) slow (adj) • the sound of music (n)
• a road sign (n) small (adj) • It sounds like/as if.. (v)
• to sign a document (v) smart (adj) soup (n)
• no sign of life (n) • a smart idea (Am Eng) sour (adj)
• signs of winter (n) • smart clothes • a sour taste
signal (n & v) smell (n & v) south (adj & adv, n)
signature (n) smile (n & v) southeast (adj & n)
signpost (n) smoke (n & v) southwest (adj, adv & n)
silence (n) smooth (adj) souvenir (n)
silent (adj) • a smooth surface (level) space (n)
silk (adj &n) • a smooth ride in the • a parking space
silly (adj) new car • write in the spaces
silver (adj & n) (comfortable) • not enough space
similar (adj) snack (n) • outer space
simple (adj) snake (n) spade (n)
since (conj & prep) snow (n & v) spare (adj & v)
sincerely (adv) snowball (n) • spare cash, spare time
• Yours sincerely snowboard (n & v) (adj)
sing (v) snowman (n) • to spare the time (v)
single (n & adj) snowstorm (n) speak (v)
185
• a single (ticket) to so (adv & conj) special (adj)
Cambridge(n) so-so (adj) speech(n)
• to be single (unmarried) soap(n) speed(n)
(adj) social (adj) spell (v)
• a single room (adj) society (n) spend (v)
sink (n & v) sock (n) • to spend money/time
• a kitchen sink (n) sofa (n) spill (v)
• The ship began to sink soft (adj) spinach (n)
(v) • a soft material spite (n)
Sir (n) • a soft drink • in spite of (prep phr)
sister (n) software (n) spoil (v)
sit (v) soil (n) spoon (n)
site (n) soldier (n) sport (n)
sitting room (n) solid (adj) spot (n)
situated (adj) some (adj, det & pron) spy ( n & v)
situation (n) somebody (pron) square (adj & n)
size (n) someone (pron) • a square room (adj)
skateboard (n & v) something (pron) • a market square (n)
ski (n & v) sometimes (adv) squash (n)
skill (n) somewhere (adv) stadium (n)
skilled (adj) son (n) staff (n)
stairs (n pl) song (n) stage (n)
stall (n) soon (adv) • to perform on a stage
• marker stall • The car stopped. (v) stain (n & v)
stamp (n) • It's stopped raining. (v) such (adj & det)
• a postage stamp • The rain stopped me sudden (adj)
stand (v) from going out. sugar(n)
standard (n) (v) suggest (v)
star (n) store (n & v) suit (n)
• stars m the sky (n) • a department store (n) • to wear a suit
186
• a film star (n) • to store things in a suitable (adj)
start (n & v) cupboard (v) suitcase (n)
• a good start (n) storm (n) sum (n)
• to start a race (v) story (n) sum up (v)
state (adj & n) straight (adj & adv) sun (n)
• a state school (n) • to go straight on (adv) sunbathe (v)
statement (n) • a straight road (adj) sunlight (n)
station (n) strange (adj) sunrise (n)
• a bus/fire/radio station stranger (n) sunset(n)
statue (n) strawberry (n) sunshine (n)
stay (n & v) stream (n) supermarket (n)
• to stay to dinner (v) street (n) supply (v)
• to stay with friends (v) stress (n & v) support (v)
• to stay looking young • to stress the importance • to support a weight
(v) of something • to support a team
• a two-night stay (n) (v) suppose (v)
stay behind (phr v) • He didn't want the • I suppose it's true.
• She stayed behind after stress of a new job. • You aren't supposed to
the lesson to (n) drive fast.
speak to the teacher. strict (adj) • It's supposed to be a
steak (n) strike (n & v) good film.
steal (v) • to go on strike (n) sure (adj)
steam (n) • to strike something (v) • I'm sure you're right.
steel (n) strong (adj) • to make sure
steep (adj) student (n) surfing (n)
step (n) studio (n) surname (n)
• two steps forward (n) • TV/artists/recording surprise (n & v)
• to climb the steps (n) studio surround (v)
stick (n & v) study (n & v) • The cottage is
• a walking • to study physics (v) surrounded by beautiful
187
• to stick two things • to study the map (v) countryside.
together (v) • Social Studies (n) sweater (n)
stick (n) stupid (adj) sweatshirt (n)
sticky (adj) style (n) sweep (v)
stiff (adj) subject (n) • to sweep the floor
still (adv) • the subject of a sweet (adj & n)
• Sit still. (adv) discussion sweet food (adj)
• She's still here. (adv) • the subject of a • a sweet face (adj)
stir (v) sentence • a sweet smell (adj)
stomach (n) • a school subject • to eat a sweet (n)
stone (n) subtract (v) swim (n & v)
• a large stone subway (n) swimming costume (n)
• a stone bridge • New York subway (Am swing (n & v)
stop (n & v) Ens) (Br Eng: • to play on a swing
• a bus stop (n) underground) • to swing backwards and
•light switch (n) succeed (v) forwards
success(n) switch (n & v)
• to switch on a system (n)
machine (v)
T
table (n) • to tear a piece of paper • I think he's left
table-cloth (n) technique (n) • What did you think of
table-tennis (n) technology (n) the film?
tablet (n) teenage (n) • I think I'll go
take (v) telegram (n) • I'm thinking of going
• to take someone's hand telephone (n & v) thirst (n)
• to take someone's television (TV) (n) this (det& pron)
things (steal/ tell (v) those (det & pron)
borrow) • to tell a story though (conj & adv)
• to take a photo • to tell someone thought (n)
188
• to take a long time something • to have thoughts about
• to take a holiday • to tell someone to do something
take away (phr v) something • to be deep in thought
• Take 15 away from 78 • you can't always tell thriller (n)
take off (phr v) temperature (n) throat (n)
• Do you want to take off • to have a temperature through (prep)
your coat? • air temperature throughout (prep)
• The plane takes off at 6. temporary (adj) throw (v)
take part (in) (phr v) tennis (n) throw away (phr v)
• Everybody took part in tent (n) • He threw away the old
the meeting. term (n) TV.
take place (phr v) terminal (n) thumb (n)
• The meeting took place terrible (adj) thunder (n)
at six test (n & v) thunderstorm (n)
take up (phr v) text (n) tick (n & v)
• He decided to take up a than (conj & prep) ticket (n)
new hobby. thank (v) tidy (adj & v)
talent (n) thank you (int) tidy up (phr v)
talk (n & v) thanks (n) • Please tidy up when
tall (adj) ihat (adv, conj, det & you've finished
tap (n) pron) tie (n & v)
• a cold-water tap(n) theft (n) • a shirt and tie (n)
tape (adj, n & v) their (det) • to tie with string (v)
• a tape recorder (adj) theirs (pron) tiger (n)
• a cassette tape (n) them (pron) tight (adj)
• to tape a conversation themselves (pron) • tight shoes
(v) then (adv) tights (n pl)
taste (n & v) there (adv & pron) • a pair of tights
• to have good taste (n) therefore (adv) till (conj & prep)
189
• to taste food (v) thermometer (n) • to wait till the end
• It tastes good (v) these (det & pron) (prep)
tax (n & v) they (pron) • till he comes (conj)
taxi (n) thick (adj) time (n)
tea (n) thief (n) • What time is it?
teach (v) thin (adj) • It took a long time
team (n) thing (n) • the last time
tear (n) think (v) • Is it time yet?
• Tears ran down her • to think about • Four times five is
cheeks something twenty.
tear (v) town (n) timetable (n)
tin (n) toy (n) • to try on shoes
• a tin of peas task (n) T-shirt (n)
• made of tin • a race track tube (n)
tin-opener (n) track suit (n) • a tube of toothpaste
tiny (adj) trade (n) tune (n)
tip (n) traditional (adj) tunnel (n)
• the tip of the pencil traffic (n) turkey (n)
• a tip for the waitress traffic jam (n) turn (n & v)
tired (adj) traffic light(s) (n) • to turn your head (v)
title (n) train (n &v) • to turn the page (v)
to (prep) • to travel by train • It's my turn (n)
toast (n) • to train in a skill • The wheels began to
• toast for breakfast trainers (n pl) turn (v)
today (adv & n) • a pair of trainers turn down (phr v)
toe (n) tram(n) • Could you turn down
together (adv) transfer (v) the music?
toilet (n) translate (v) turn into (phr v)
tomato (n) translation (n) • The water had turned
tomorrow (adv &n) transport (n & v) into ice.
190
ton(fie) (n) travel (v) turn off (phr v)
tongue (n) travel agent (n) • She turned off the
tonight (adv & n) traveller's cheque (n) engine
too (adv) tree(n) turn on (phr v)
• I've been there, too. trip (n) • Can you turn on the
• It's too heavy to lift. • a weekend trip TV?
tool (n) trouble (n) turn out (phr v)
tooth/teeth (n) trousers (n pl) • He turned off the iights
toothache (n) truck (Am Engl) Br Eng: turn up (phr v)
toothbrush (n) Іоrrу) • Turn up the radio- I can
toothpaste (n) true (adj) hardly hear it.
top (n) • Is it true? turning (n)
• top of the class • a true friend • the first turning on the
• at the top of his voice trumpet (n) left
topic (n) trust (v) twice (adv)
total (adv & n) • to trust someone twin (n)
touch (v) truth (n) type (n & v)
tour (n & v) try (n) • a type of person (n)
tourism (n) • to try to do something • to type a letter (v)
tourist (n) • to try (out) something typical (adj)
toward(s) (prep) try on (v) tyre (n)
towel (n)
tower (n)
U
ugly (adj) • to travel by up (adv &. prep)
umbrella (n) underground (n) • to walk up the hell(prep)
unable (adj) underpants (n) • Are you up yet? (awake
uncle (n) understand (v) and dressed)
under(prop) uniform(n) (adv)
• under the bed universe (n) • Lift your head-up(adv)
191
• under £10,00 university (n) • Speak up, please, (adv)
underground (adj & n) unleaded (adj) up to (prep phr)
• underground trains (adj) unless (conj) • up to six people
update (n & v) until (prep &conj) up to date (prep phr)
upon (prop) • Can you use a used to (v)
upset (adj) • computer? (v) • I used to cycle a lot
upstairs (adv) • It's for the use of when i was
urgent (adj) • teachers only, (n) younger.
us (pron) • Is this any use to you? usual (adj)
use (n & v) (n)
V
valley (n) vehicle (n) village (n)
value (n) very (adv) violin (n)
van (n) venue (n) visa (n)
vanilla (n) victim (n) visit (n & v)
variety (n) victory (n) visitor (n)
various (adj) video (n & v) vocabulary (n)
vase (n) video recorder (n) voice (n)
veal (n) videotape (n) volleyball (n)
vegetable (n & adj) view (n) vote (n & v)
vegetarian (n & adj) • a beautiful view voyage (n)
W
wage(s) (n) • Is this the way? weight (n)
wait (n & v) • the wrong way welcome (n & v)
waiter (n) • a long way • a warm welcome (n)
waiting-room (n) • to stand In the way • Welcome to London! (v)
waitress (n) • That`s the way to do it. welfare (n)
wake (up) (v) • way of life well (adj, adv & int)
walk (n & v) • way in, way out • I`m very well, thanks.
wall (n) • WC (n) (adj)
192
wallet (n) we (pron) • to behave very well
want (v) weak (adj) (adv)
war (n) • to feel weak • Shake the bottle well
ward (n) • a weak excuse (adv)
warm (adj) wear (v) • Well, here we are. (int)
warn (v) • to wear a dress Well done! (int)
wash (n & v) wear off (phr v) well known (adv)
wash-basin (n) • Has the pain worn off well-known (adj)
wash up (v) yet? well made (adv)
washing machine (n) wear out (phr v & adj) well-made (adj)
washing up (n) • You'll wear out those west (adj, adv & n)
• to do the washing up shoes. (v) wet (adj)
waste (adj & v) weather (n) • wet clothes
wastepaper basket (n) web (n) • wet weather
watch (n & v) website (n) whale (n)
• My watch keeps good wedding (n) what (pron)
time. (n) week(n) whatever (pron det)
• I watched TV last night. weekday (n) wheel (n & v)
(v) weekend (n) wheelchair (n)
water (n & v) weekly (adj & adv) when (adv)
waterfall (n) • a weekly magazine whenever (adv & conj)
wave (n & v) (adj) where (adv)
• waves at sea • to phone home twice wherever (adv & conj)
• to wave goodbye weekly (adv) whether (conj)
way (n) weigh (v) wooden (adj)
which (pron & det) • Wind up the car wool (n)
whichever (pron & det) windows. (v) word (n)
while, whilst (conj) window (n) • words in a sentence
white (adj) windscreen (n) • He didn't say a word.
who, whom (pron) windsurfing (n) work (n & v)
193
whoever (pron) wing (n) • school work (n)
whole (adj & n) • a bird's wing • to work for a living (v)
whose (pron) • the wing of an • hard work (n)
why (adv) aeroplane • to be out of work (n)
wide (adj & adv) wire (n) working hours (n pl)
• a wide road (adj) • an electrical wire world (n)
• with his mouth wide • a wire fence worry (n & v)
open (adv) wise (adj) worse (adj & adv)
• to feel wide awake wish (n & v) worst (adj & adv)
(adv) with (prep) worth (adj)
width (n) within (adv & prep) wound (n & v)
wife (n) without (prep) wrap (up) (v)
wild (adj) witness (n & v) • to wrap (up) a parcel
wildlife (n) woman (n) write (v)
win (n & v) wonder (v) write out (phr v)
wind (n) • I wonder what he said. • Please write out your
• A strong wind was wonderful (adj) name in full.
blowing. (n) wood (n) wrong (adj)
wind (v) • to be made of wood
• in a large wood
Y
year(n) yet (adv) yours (pron)
yearly (adj & adv) you (pron) yourself (pron)
yellow (adj) you know (int) youth (n)
yes (int) young (adj & n)
yesterday (adv & n) your (det)
Z
zebra (n) zone (n)
zero (n) zoo (n)
https://znoclub.com/images/pdf/Lexical-minimum-enZNO-2017.pdf
194
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how-closer-catalysed-ukrainian-electronica
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job/
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celebrity-homes-10-most-luxurious-houses-rich-and-famous
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olympic-games/
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book-jonathan-coe-nina-stibbe-david-nicholls-bridget-christie
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Wear-Clothes
19. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_sports#Aquatic_&_paddle_
sports
20. https://www.themuse.com/advice/no-really-why-there-are-no-right-
or-wrong-career-decisions
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or-wrong-career-decisions
22. https://www.theguideistanbul.com/grand-bazaar-guide
23. https://www.insider.com/what-dining-out-does-to-your-body-
2018-6
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ing.htm
25. https://myownconference.com/blog/en/index.php/what-is-a-webinar/
26. https://www.businessinsider.com/most-visited-cities-in-the-world-
2018-9
27. https://www.inc.com/kevin-daum/17-things-truly-happy-people-al
ways-do.html
28. http://www.english-for-students.com/The-Farmer-and-His-Lazy-Sons.
html
29. https://breakingnewsenglish.com/1405/140523-checkouts.html
30. http://www.bbc.com/ news
32. http://www.independent.co.uk/travel/news-and-advice
35. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history
36. https://www.verywellmind.com/great-ways-to-improve-your-me-
mory-2795356
37. https://thriveglobal.com/stories/according-to-google-great-teams-
possess-these-5-qualities/)
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38. https://www.planetware.com/tourist-attractions/england-eng.htm
39. https://www.cnbc.com/2019/09/27/airbnb-is-offering-five-volunteers-
a-month-long-trip-to-antarctica.html
40. https://www.languagemonitor.com/global-english/1000000th-english-
word-announced/)
41. https://famouspeoplelessons.com/m/maria_montessori.html
42. https://scitechdaily.com/worlds-deadliest-inventor-mikhail-kalashnik
ov-father-of-ak-47/)
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brought-back-from-the-dead-in-kansas-exhibition)
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swept-the-2010s
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url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment_and_arts&link_
location=live-reporting-story)
48. https://blog.rescuetime.com/hobbies-schedule-leisure-time/)
49. https://www.fastcompany.com/40552870/this-is-how-you-should-be-
prioritizing-your-work-and-life
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51. https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2009/sep/19/fashion-in-
literature
52. http://old.expatua.com/entertainment/eating-out
53. https://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/20/jobs/my-career-choice-all-of-
the-above.html
54. https://www.helpguide.org/articles/stress/stress-management.htm
55. https://ayeshapalwasha.wordpress.com/2013/09/19/the-stepping-stone-
to-success-who-was-he/
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productivity/index.html
197
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tips-for-adults
58. https://www.learnenglish.de/culture/teaculture.html
59. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_sports#Aquatic_&_paddle_
sports
60. https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-45497348)
61. http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/dickens_charles.shtml
62. https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/stranger-things-winona-
ryder-house-1994
63. http://www.bbc.com.uk/news
64. http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/cultural-history-of-ireland/celtic-
culture.htm
65. https://www.washingtonpost.com/food
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198
Навчальне видання
ПІДГОТОВКА ДО ЄВІ
З АНГЛІЙСЬКОЇ МОВИ:
Training & Practice
Навчально-практичний посібник
Укладачі:
Кузнецова Олена Юріївна,
Голубнича Людмила Олександрівна,
Бесараб Тетяна Петрівна та ін.
Видається в авторській редакції
Комп’ютерна верстка О. А. Федосєєвої

Підписано до друку 10.07.2020.
Формат 60×84 1/16. Папір офсетний. Гарнітура Times.
Ум. друк. арк. 11,6. Обл.-вид. арк. 7,3. Вид. № 2546.
Тираж 100 прим.
Видавництво «Право» Національної академії правових наук України

та Національного юридичного університету імені Ярослава Мудрого
вул. Чернишевська, 80а, Харків, 61002, Україна
Тел./факс (057) 716-45-53
Сайт: www.pravo-izdat.com.ua
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ПІДГОТОВКА ДО ЄВІ

Рекомендовано до видання кафедрою іноземних мов № 3

Підготовка до ЄВІ з англійської мови: Training & Practice : навч.-

Відповіді для самоперевірки до ІІ частини............................................. 147

Посібник укладено згідно з Програмою єдиного вступного іспиту

– You have to be well aware of the structure of the test;

• Pay attention to the title.

READING EFFICIENTLY BY READING INTELLIGENTLY

(Adapted from: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/austincc-

WORLD’S FIRST “LIVING MACHINES”

(Adapted from: https://www.livescience.com/

A Threat of living robots

• Pay attention to the title if there is any.

THE TOWN OF RICHMOND, ENGLAND

This town in Surrey or Greater London is known today as Richmond.

(Adapted from: https://www.richmond.org/

1. The text primarily focuses on...

GLOOMY VAN GOGH SELF-PORTRAIT

After decades of doubt, a gloomy self-portrait has been authenticated

(Adapted from: https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/

6. What was the doubt of self-portrait by Van Gogh about?

• You don’t need to read the whole text first.

BRITAIN’S MOST UNUSUAL JOBS

A team of experts have uncovered the most bizarre roles in Britain,

Which of the jobs corresponds to the following description?

CHINESE CITIES CRACKED DOWN

Chinese authorities are cracking down on Christmas. Several cities,

(Adapted from: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/dec/24/

Which of the following describes__________________?

A Christmas shopping in China

• Read the task and the title if there is any.

The team, led by researchers from the University of Melbourne, was

(Adapted from: https://breakingnewsenglish.com/

A between a tree trunk and the air

THREE ANSWERS TO PARENTS

(Adapted from: https://www.usnews.com/education/

Winchester is England’s ancient capital and (1)_________________

1 A formal B former C form D formation

VR CINEMA IS HERE – AND AUDIENCES

A new kind of cinema has arrived in a (11)____________ of Mel­

(Adapted from: https://www.independent.co.uk/

11 А suburb В village С countryside D town

• Read the text for general understanding.

Thomas Edison (1)_______________ two thousand different materi­

1 A try B tried C has tried D was tried

A lot of our behaviors, beliefs and emotions (6)_______________ by

6 A drive B are drive C are driving D are driven

HOW CLOSER CATALYSED UKRAINIAN ELECTRONICA

Closer is the (11)____________ celebrated nightclub in eastern Eu­

(Adapted from: https://www.theguardian.com/music/2020/jan/29/

11 A most B more C much D many

MORNING HABITS OF CELEBRITIES YOU CAN ADOPT

(Adapted from: https://brightside.me/wonder-people/13-morning-

A Remind yourself of your dreams

WHY MAGICIANS HAVE THE MOST REWARDING JOB

I became a magician by accident. When I was nine years old, I learned

(Adapted from: https://www.rd.com/true-stories/

6. What can we assume from the passage?

A new kind of cinema has arrived in a (11)____________ of Mel

Thomas Edison (1)_______________ two thousand different materi

Closer is the (11)____________ celebrated nightclub in eastern Eu

In today’s competitive student world, the ability to work harmoni