Maxsurf Stability Quick Start:

Stability contains the following analysis types.

1. Upright Hydrostatics
2. Large Angle Stability
3. Equilibrium Condition
4. Specified Condition
5. KN Values
6. Limiting KG
7. Floodable Length
8. Longitudinal Strength
9. Tank Calibrations
10. MARPOL Oil Outflow
11. Cross-Flood MSC.362(92), time for
12. Probabilistic Damage

1. Upright Hydrostatics
Upright hydrostatic in Maxsurf is a calculation mode that allows you to determine the
hydrostatic properties of a vessel at a range of drafts. It involves analysing the
distribution of weight and buoyancy forces acting on the hull of the vessel to determine
its stability and ability to resist capsizing.

Properties that Calculated:

 Draft
 Wetted surface area
 Longitudinal center of buoyancy
 Vertical center of buoyancy
 KMt
 GM
Wetted surface area
The wetted surface area (WSA) of a ship is the total area of the hull that is in contact with the
water.

KMt:

KMT stands for "Keel Moment to Trim". It is a measure of the stability of a ship in terms of its ability
to resist changes in trim. The KMT is calculated using the following formula:

KMT = GM * LCF

where:

 LCF is the longitudinal centre of flotation of the ship in metres.

Large Angle Stability:
Large angle stability is the ability of a ship to remain upright when it is heeled to a large
angle.

Large angle stability requirements

 Range of heel angles to be analyzed.

 Trim (fixed or free)
 Load case or load group.

wave form
wave form is a parameter that can be used to specify the shape of the waves that the ship is
subjected to. The wave form can be specified as a sine wave, a cosine wave, or a user-
defined wave.

The key output:

 GZ (or righting lever)

 curves for wind heeling
 passenger crowding levers.
 angle of the first down flooding point

Equilibrium Condition:
Equilibrium Analysis uses the Load case, to calculate the displacement and the location of the centre
of gravity.

Equilibrium analysis requirements

 Load case or load group

 Tank definition in the case of tank loads being included in the Load case (and/or for
 the definition of damage)

Margin Line

It defines the boundary between positive stability and the potential for negative stability (capsizing).

Specified Condition:
In the specified condition each of the three degrees of freedom, for which the hydrostatic properties
of the model are to be calculated, can be set.
Three Sets of variables are provided, labelled Heel, Trim and Immersion. One choice must be made
from each of these groups. Stability will then solve for the vessel hydrostatics at the conditions
specified.

KN Values:
KN values or Cross Curves of Stability are useful for assessing the stability of a vessel if its VCG is
unknown.

The KN data may then be used to obtain the GZ curve for any center of gravity height (KG) using the
following formula:

GZ = KN - KG * sin (Heel)

KN Values Analysis Requirements

 Range of displacements to be analyzed.

 Range of heel angles to be analyzed.
 Trim (fixed or free)

Deck Edge:
As the angle of heel increases, there comes a point when the deck of the ship immerses. This
angle is called the angle of deck immersion

Limiting KG:
Limiting KG is the maximum centre of gravity (KG) that a ship can have and remain stable. If the KG
is greater than the limiting KG, the ship will be unstable and could capsize.

Limiting KG Analysis Requirements:

 Range of displacements to be analyzed.

 Range of heel angles to be analyzed.
 Trim (fixed or free)
 Stability criteria for which limiting KG is to be found.

Floodable Length:
Floodable length is the maximum length of a ship that can be flooded before the ship becomes
unstable. If the floodable length is exceeded, the ship will be unstable and could capsize.
Floodable Length Analysis Requirements

 Range of displacements to be analyzed.

 VCG
 Range of permeabilities to be analyzed.
 Trim (free- to- trim to either initial trim or specified LCG)
 Floodable length criteria to be tested.
 Margin line and deck edge (required for criteria)

Permeabilities:

compartments or areas of the ship's hull that are designed to allow water to enter and fill them in
the event of damage or flooding.

Longitudinal Strength:
Longitudinal strength is the ability of a ship's hull to resist buckling under compression.

Buckling is a phenomenon that occurs when a long, slender object is subjected to compressive loads.
If the loads are too great, the object will buckle, or bend, in a characteristic way.

Longitudinal Strength Analysis Requirements

 Load case (including distributed loads if required)

 Tank definition in the case of tank loads being included in the Load case (and/or for
the definition of damage).

Probabilistic damage:
Probabilistic damage is a method of assessing the risk of damage to a ship's hull. The method
considers the probability of different types of damage occurring, as well as the consequences of
those damages.

The probability of damage occurring is determined by several factors, including the environmental
conditions, the operating conditions, and the condition of the hull.

Probabilistic damage analysis requirements

 Load case definitions

 Tank and compartmentation definition

 Main probabilistic damage analysis parameters and criteria setup

 Subdivision definitions

 Heel angle range for GZ curve calculation

 Trim

Subdivision is a method of dividing a ship's hull into compartments. The compartments are
separated by watertight bulkheads. If one compartment is flooded, the other compartments will
remain dry.