lOMoARcPSD|28176793

Module 11 Terminate and Connect of Electrical Wiring and

Electronic Circuits
BS Office Administration (Camarines Sur Polytechnic Colleges)

Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)
 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

Competency-Based
Curriculum Material

Mechatronics Servicing
Terminating and Connecting Electrical Wiring and
Module #11 Electronic Circuits

Unit of
Terminate and Connect of Electrical Wiring and Electronic
Competency:
Circuits

Page 1 of 35

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

How to Use this Module..........................................................................i

Introduction.......................................................................................... ii

Technical Terms................................................................................... iii

Learning Outcome 1..............................................................................1

Information Sheet 1.1 ...........................................................................2

Operation Sheet 1.1 ..............................................................................5

Self Check 1.1.......................................................................................6

Operation Sheet 1.2 ..............................................................................7

Learning Outcome 2..............................................................................8

Information Sheet 2.1 ...........................................................................9

Activity Sheet 2.1 ................................................................................ 14

Activity Sheet 2.2 ................................................................................ 21

Learning Outcome 3............................................................................13

Job Sheet 3.1 ..................................................................................... 14

Acknowledgement

Page 2 of 35

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

HOW TO USE THIS MODULE

Welcome to the Module “Terminating and Connecting Electrical Wiring

and Electronic Circuits”. This module contains training materials and activities for
you to complete.

The unit of competency “Terminate and Connect Electrical Wiring and

Electronic Circuits” contains knowledge, skills and attitudes required for a
Mechatronics Servicing NC II course.

You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order to

complete each of the learning outcomes of the module. In each learning outcome
there are Job Sheets, and Activity Sheets. Follow these activities on your own
and answer the Self-Check at the end of each learning activity.

If you have questions, don’t hesitate to ask your teacher for assistance.

Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)

You may already have some of the knowledge and skills covered in this
module because you have:
o been working for some time
o Already have completed training in this area.

If you can demonstrate to your teacher that you are competent in a particular
skill or skills, talk to him/her about having them formally recognized so you don’t
have to do he same training again. If you have a qualification or Certificate of
Competency from previous trainings show it to your teacher If the skills you acquired
are still current and relevant to this module, they may become part of the evidence
you can present for RPL. If you are not sure about the currency of your skills,
discuss it with your teacher.

After completing this module ask your teacher to assess your competency.
Result of your assessment will be recorded in your competency profile. All the
learning activities are designed for you to complete at your own pace.

Inside this module you will find the activities for you to complete followed by
relevant information sheets for each learning outcome. Each learning outcome may
have more than one learning activity.

Page i of 35

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

INTRODUCTION

This module contains information and suggested learning activities on

Mechatronics Servicing NC II. It includes the following competencies: plan and
prepare for termination/ connections of electrical wiring/electronic circuits,
terminate/connect electrical wiring/electronic circuits, and test
termination/connections of electrical wiring/electronic circuits.

It consists of 3 learning outcomes. Each learning outcome contains

learning activities supported by each instructional sheet. Upon completion of this
module, report to your teacher to assess your achievement of knowledge and
skills requirement of this module. If you pass the assessment, you will be given a
certificate of completion.

SUMMARY OF LEARNING OUTCOMES:

Upon completion of the module you should be able to:

LO1. Plan and prepare for termination/connection of electrical wiring/electronic

circuits.
LO2. Terminate/Connect electrical wiring/electronic circuits.
LO3. Test Termination/connection of electrical wiring/electronic circuit.

Page 2 of 35

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

TECHNICAL TERMS

Side Cutter Pliers - used for cutting or trimming of connecting wires or terminal
leads in the circuit board

Long nose Pliers – used for holding, bending and stretching the lead of electronics
component or connecting wire.

Soldering iron/Pencil – used to join two or more metal conductors with the
support of soldering lead melted around it.

Multitester - instrument use to measure voltage, current and resistance.

Resistor - a device designed intentionally to have a definite amount of resistance

Capacitor – a devise that stores electrical energy.

Termination - the point where a line, channel or circuit ends.

OHS – Occupational Health and Safety

Page 3 of 35

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

LEARNING OUTCOME 1: PLAN AND PREPARE FOR TERMINATION/CONNECTION

OF ELECTRICAL WIRING /ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS

Assessment Criteria:

1. Materials are checked according to specifications and task.

2. Appropriate tools and equipment are selected according to task requirements.
3. Task planned to ensure OHS guidelines and procedures are followed.
4. Electrical wiring electronics circuits are correctly prepared for connection/
termination in accordance with instructions and worksite procedure.

Page 1 of 35

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

INFORMATION SHEET 1.1

USE OF TOOLS

To work with electronic and electrical circuits, a beginner needs to acquire

special hand tools and equipment. Each of these hand tool and equipment does one
or more specific job in connecting, replacing, securing and troubleshooting of
electronic circuits.
In doing so it is better for a beginner to learn first how to use these hand
tools and equipment. And where to use them, before they can start to build or
assemble simple circuit up to complicated ones.

A. Basic Electronic Hand Tools and Equipment

Electronic technicians in olden days could get along with a set of screw
drivers, long nose, side cutter and soldering pencil in troubleshooting. But now a
days, with the arrival of the new circuit technology and microcircuit is being
introduced in the industry, troubleshooting the problem is very complex.
Without the knowledge and aid of the multi-tester and other sophisticated
equipment such as regulated power supply, signal generator and oscilloscope,
troubleshooting is impossible. Here are the following basic tools and equipments
needed for the repair of electronics devices and appliances:

Page 2 of 35

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

A. Common Tools

Figure No.1 Figure No.2 Figure no. 3. & No. 4

Figure no. 5 Figure no. 5

.
1 Long Nose Pliers – is used for holding, bending and stretching the lead
of electronics component or connecting wire. See figure no. 1.

2.Side Cutter Pliers – is used for cutting or trimming of connecting wires

or terminal leads in the circuit board. See figure no. 2.

3.Flat Screw Driver – is used to drive or fasten negative slotted screws.

See figure no. 3.

4.Philips Screw Driver- is used to drive or fasten positive slotted screws.

See figure No. 4.

5.Soldering Pencil – is used to join two or more metal conductors with the
support of soldering lead melted around it. See figure no. 5.

6.Desoldering Tool – is used to unsoldered unwanted parts or component

in the circuit with the support of soldering pencil.
See figure no. 6.

Page 3 of 35

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

B. Basic Electronic Equipment

Figure No.7

Figure No.8

Figure No.9

1. Multi-Volts Power Supply –is used to supply the desired direct current voltages
in the circuit. See figure no.9.

2. Multitester – is used for measuring resistance, voltage and current. See figure
no.7.

3. Portable Electric Handrill – is used for boring hole/s in the plastics chassis or
metal chassis. See figure no.8.

Page 4 of 35

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

OPERATION SHEET 1.1

1. Given 10 kinds of hand tools Label and give the function of each. You will be
assessed using the following criteria. (We will do this during face-to-face class
schedule).

Criteria Score Descriptor

Identified 10 tools 5 Excellent

Identified 7-9 tools 4 Very good

Identified 4-5 tools 3 Good

Identified 2-3 tools 1-2 Fair

Identified 0-1 tools 0 Poor

Page 5 of 35

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

Self-Check 1.1

A. State whether the following is equipment or a handtool.

1. Desoldering Tool
2. Soldering Pencil
3. Multi-Volts Power Supply
4. Long Nose Pliers
5. Portable Electric Handrill

B. Write true if the statement is correct and false if otherwise:

1. A flat screwdriver is used in driving or fastening positive

slotted screw.
2. Soldering Pencil is used to join two or more metal
conductors

with the support of soldering lead melted around it.

3. Side Cutter Pliers is used for cutting or trimming of
connecting wires or terminal leads in the circuit board.
4. A multi-tester is used in boring holes in the plastics
chassis.
5. A long nose pliers is used for holding, bending and
sketching the lead of electronics component or connecting wire.

Page 6 of 35

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

Operation Sheet 1.2

From the given hand tools pick out 5 and demonstrate how each functions.

(We will do this during face-to-face class schedule).

You will be assessed using the criteria below:

CRITERIA SCORE DESCRIPTOR

Demonstrated 5 functions 10 Excellent
Demonstrated 4 functions 8 Very Good
Demonstrated 3 functions 6 Good
Demonstrated 2 functions 4 Fair
Demonstrated 1 functions 2 Poor

Page 7 of 35

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

LEARNING OUTCOME 2 : TERMINATE/CONNECT ELECTRICAL

WIRING/ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT

Assessment Criteria:

1. Safety procedures in using tools are properly observed at all times

appropriate personal protective equipment is observed.
2. All Works is undertaken safely in accordance with the workplace
and standard procedures.
3. Appropriate range of methods in termination/connection is used
according to specifications, manufacturer’s requirements and
safety.
4. Correct sequence of operation is followed.
5. Accessories used are adjusted, if necessary
6. Confirm termination/connection is undertaken in accordance with
job specification.

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

INFORMATION SHEET 2.1

SPLICES AND JOINTS

When working with electronic equipment or with electrical wiring, it may from
time to time become necessary to splice or join wires together. Splices and joints are
essentially the same thing. Several different methods of doing this exist. The
fundamental necessities of an effective splice include making sure the wires are
securely fastened to each other even without solder and that they are well-soldered
to avoid corrosion. All wire joints must also be taped with electrical tape after
soldering.
A splice joint is a method of joining two members end to end in woodworking.
The splice joint is used when the material being joined is not available in the length
required. It is an alternative to other joints such as the butt joint and the scarf joint.
Splice joints are stronger than unenforced butt joints and have the potential to be
stronger than a scarf joint.
Splices are therefore most often used when structural elements are required in
longer lengths than the available material. The most common form of the splice joint
is the half lap splice, which is common in building construction, where it is used to
join shorter lengths of timber into longer beams.

WHAT ARE THE IMPORTANCE OF SPLICES ANS JOINTS?

The connections must be well made and the wires tightly joined to prevent a loss of
voltage to the device powered. In high current situations a poor connection causes
heat at the connection and oxidation of the wires and no more or intermittent
connections. Most problems in electrical is not a short but: an open connection.
In the case of high-voltage underground cables, the restoration of the insulation is
critically important, as is restoring the cable's waterproof integrity. The skills required
are such that cable jointers serve a full apprenticeship in that particular trade.

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

TYPE OF ELECTRICAL SPLICES AND JOINTS

1. Western Union Splice (short-tie) - To make the splice, the wires is first
skinned for about 3 inches at the ends. They are then placed in crossed
position about 1 inch from the insulation. Four or five short turns are then
wrapped on each side of the longest twist, and the free ends cut off and
squeezed down closed to the straight position of the wire so that they will not
extend over the surface of the short turns and permit the sharp to cut
through the tape with the splice to be wrapped.

2. Western Union Splice (long-tie) - is used extensively for outside wiring

and is quite similar to the short tie splice. It is also being used for interior
wiring. The difference is that a number of long twist are made before
wrapping the end turns. This is done so to withstand greater stress of
pressure on the wire. The wire for this splice are bared about 4 ½ inches.
They are then placed in the form of an X at a point midway between the
insulation and the end of the base wire. Five or six long twists are then made
and each side those turns is wrapped.

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

3. Tap Splice - A tap splice, also called a tap joint, is used to connect a
conductor to a running wire. To make a tap splice, strip about 1½ inches off
the running wire. Take the connecting wire and wrap it once around the
running wire. Now wrap the end of the wire through the loop you just made.
Then wrap the connecting wire around the running wire about six times. Make
sure the wire points away from the original turn. Solder the joint and wrap
tape around it.

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

4. Fixture Splice – also known as fixture joints, are used to connect wires of
different sizes. This joint requires five inches of insulation stripped off the
wire. Hold the wires together and then twist them a few times with a pair of
pliers. Both wires must twist for the joint to be tight. Cut both ends of wire so
that they are the same length, and then take the twisted joint and bend it so
that it lines up with the wires. Take the cut ends and extend them
perpendicular to the wire and the twisted portion. Wrap these two ends in the
same direction as the twist. Solder the joint together and wrap tape around it.

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

5. Rat Tail Splice - also known as a twist splice or a pig-tail splice, is a very
basic electrical splice that can be done with both solid stranded wire. It is
made by taking two or more bare wires of the same diameter and wrapping
them together symmetrically around each a common axis. The bare splice can
be insulated with electrical tape or other means.

This common and simple splice is not very strong mechanically. It can be
made stronger by coating it with solder, or it can be twisted and then held in
place by the internal metal spring or threads of a twist-on wire connector,
also called a wire nut. Because it is not very strong, the splice is not meant to
connect wires that will be pulled or stressed. Rather, it is intended for wires
that are protected inside an enclosure or junction box.

6. Knotted Tap Joint – This is used where the tap wire is under heavy tensile
stress.

7. T- Splice - a T-splice is a splice that is used for connecting the end of one
wire to the middle of another wire, thus forming a shape like that of the letter
"T." This splice can be used with solid or stranded wires. The existing wire is
called the main wire. The new wire that connects to the main wire is called

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

the branch wire or tap wire. This is a prevalent junction type used in knob
and tube wiring. This splice is used when the tap wire is under considerable
tensile stress.

8. Duplex cross joint – This is a two tap wire turned simultaneously and is
used where the two tap wire is under heavy tensile stress.

9. Cross Joint Splice – The same application is done as in plain tap and the
only difference is that this tap is a combination of two plain taps place side by
side with each other.

10. Britannia Splice - is a connection between large solid wires. Several inches
of each wire's insulation is removed and a ninety degree bend is made about
a half inch from each end. The two wires are laid next to each other, with the
bent ends separated by several inches. Another smaller wire, the wrapping
wire, is wound around the assembly, starting from the center, in such a
fashion that some turns go past the bent ends, after the point where the
wrapping wire is wrapped on only one wire. The bent ends are then trimmed
close.

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

11. Married Joint – is an electrical joint used for joining multi-strand cables.
The wires are stranded, then interlaced with the wires of the other cable, and
then married (twisted) together before finally being soldered.

12. Through Fixture Joint - Through Fixture join is used where fixture
leads are connected to branched wire in an immediate point.

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

ACTIVITY SHEET 2.2

Learning Outcome 2. Splicing and Terminating Techniques

Terminate the given electrical splices and joints given the following specimen wires:

1. Western Union Splice (short-tie) #14AWG

2. Western Union Splice (long-tie) #14AWG
3. Tap Splice #14AWG
4. Fixture Splice #14AWG, #16AWG
5. Rat Tail Splice #14AWG
6. Knotted Tap Joint #14AWG
7. Duplex cross joint #14AWG
8. T Splice #14AWG, #16AWG
9. Cross Joint Splice #14AWG
10. Britannia Splice #14AWG, #16AWG
11. Married Joint #14AWG, stranded
12. Through Fixture Joint #14AWG, flat chord

Clip the specimen splices in a white cardboard complete with label.

Do this activity in your place, take a video (not too far from you) of how you

perform the splicing. You can use old wires (stranded or solid wire)

Performance Score Card

Rate
Criteria

1. Workmanship 50%

2. Speed in Work 25%

3. Skill in Handling Of Tools & Materials 25%

Total Rating

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

INFORMATION SHEET 2. 1

Electrical termination of a signal involves providing a terminator at the end of

a wire or cable to prevent an RF signal from being reflected back from the end,
causing interference. The terminator is placed at the end of a transmission line (such
as in coaxial cable (RJ58) used in “thin” Ethernet (10Base2 Bus Topology LAN),
designed to match impedance and hence minimize signal reflections

Electrical Connections
Whether adding new electrical gear or rewiring something already aboard, the
requirements for a reliable and safe electrical connection are the same. You need the
right wire, the right terminal fittings, and a couple of inexpensive hand tools.

Wire Termination

Page 13 of 35

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

Page 14 of 35

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

SOLDERING

The following information will aid you in learning basic soldering skills. It
should enable you to solder wires to electrical connectors, splices, and terminal lugs.
Special skills and schooling are required for the soldering techniques used in printed
circuit boards and micro miniature component repair.

SOLDERING PROCESS

Cleanliness is essential for efficient, effective soldering. Solder will not adhere
to dirty, greasy, or oxidized surfaces. Heated metals tend to oxidize rapidly. This is
the reason the oxides, scale, and dirt must be removed by chemical or mechanical
means. Grease or oil films can be removed with a suitable solvent. Connections to be
soldered should be cleaned just prior to the actual soldering operation.

Items to be soldered should normally be "tinned" before making a mechanical

connection. Tinning is the coating of the material to be soldered with a light coat of
solder. When the surface has been properly cleaned, a thin, even coating of flux

Page 15 of 35

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

should be placed over the surface to be tinned. This will prevent oxidation while the
part is being heated to soldering temperature. Rosin-core solder is usually preferred
in electrical work. However, a separate rosin flux may be used instead. Separate
rosin flux is frequently used when wires in cable fabrication are tinned.

Information Sheet 2.2 – LAN Cable Termination

Termination

UTP cables are terminated with standard

connectors (plugs and jacks) or punchdowns. The
plug/jack is often referred to as a "RJ-45", but that is
really a telco designation for the "modular 8 pin
connector" terminated with a USOC pinout used for
telephones. The male connector on the end of a
patchcord is called a "plug" and the receptacle on the wall
outlet is a "jack."

These terminations are called "IDC" for "insulation-

displacement connections," by the way, since the wires are held in knife-edge
terminations that slice through the insulation and dig into the copper wire, forming a
tight seal.

In LANs, as spec'ed by 568, there are two possible pinouts, called T568A and
T568B that differ only in which color coded pairs are connected - pair 2 and 3 are
reversed. Either work equally well, as long as you don't mix them! If you always use
only one version, you're OK, but if you mix A and B in a cable run, you will get
crossed pairs!

The cable pairs are color coded as shown:

Page 16 of 35

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

Each pair consists of a colored wire and a white wire with a matching color
stripe. The stripe wire is "tip" and the solid color wire is "ring," referring to the tip of
the old 1/4" telephone plug and the ring around the shaft that makes the
connections.

Note: Plugs/jacks and punchdowns have different color codes! You cannot
mix them up as they will result in wiremap errors - esp. split pairs which cause big
problems with high speed transmission.

CAT5E 568A AND 568B PINOUT DETAIL

Jacks: The jacks are then terminated with these layouts, looking into the jack:

Page 17 of 35

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

Note that the only difference between T568A and T568B is the reversal of pairs 2
and 3 - it's only a color code change.

The color codes are going to look like this for these jacks.

Jacks usually have 110-style punchdowns on the back which can be terminated with
punchdown tools, using special manufacturer's tools or even a snap-on cover for the
connector. Again, you MUST keep the twists as close to the receptacle as possible to
minimize crosstalk.

Note: Cat 5e jacks and all plugs are going to use these color codes shown above.

Page 18 of 35

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

However, Cat 5, 5e and 6 jacks have internal connections that continue the twists as
close to the pins in the jacks as possible. Thus the pinout on the back of the jacks
will not usually follow the standard color code layouts- see the pin sequence in the
photo above and the twists in the internal connections of the jack here!

Remember: Always follow the color codes on the back of the jacks to insure proper
connections!

Plugs: The plugs are terminated by straightening our the wires in proper order and
crimping on a connector. Like we said before, you MUST keep the twists as close to
the plug as possible to minimize crosstalk.

Patchcords: They generally use stranded wire for flexibility but can be made with
solid wire for higher performance. Note that plugs may be different for each type of
wire, so make sure you have the right type.

Crossover Cables: Normal cables that connect a PC/NIC card to a Hub are wired
straight through. That is pin 1 is connected to pin 1, pin 2 to pin 2, etc. However, if
you are simply connecting two PCs together without a hub, you need to use a
crossover cable made by reversing pair 2 and 3 in the cable, the two pairs used for
transmisson by Ethernet. The easy way to make a crossover cable is to make one
end to T568A color coding and the other end to T568B. Then the pairs will be
reversed.

CREATING CAT5E STANDARD AND CROSSOVER CABLES

Before you begin creating standard Cat5e patch cables, it is important to point out
that the method outlined here is only one method. It is by no means the best
method. Also, make sure you have all the necessary tools and materials before you
begin. You will need a length of Cat5e certified cable and several RJ-45 connectors.
For best results, we recommend using a quality crimping tool for cutting and
terminating RJ-45 plugs.

1. Most crimp tools have two blades: one designed to cut through a cable
completely and the other designed to help remove the cable's outer jacket.
Use the first blade to cut the cable to length. Then, use the second blade to
strip the cable's outer jacket to remove about an inch, so that all the wires
inside are exposed. Be careful not to cut the inside wires when stripping the
cable's jacket insulation.
2. With the jacket removed, you'll find eight wires within the Cat5e cable. If a
string is present, cut the string off, and untwist the wires back to within one-
eighth inch of the jacket.

Page 19 of 35

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

3. Fan the wires out from left to right in the order they are to be crimped. Using
the same color scheme (568A or 568B) at both ends will create a standard
patch cable as shown in the 568A-568A and 568B-568B illustrations below.
4. With the wires aligned and flattened out, use the cutting blade to evenly trim
the wires while leaving approximately one half inch exposed.
5. With the clip facing away from you, carefully insert the wires into the RJ45
connector as shown below.
6. Once two RJ45 connectors have been installed at both ends, you will need to
determine the quality of all connections to ensure the pinouts have been
terminated properly. This is a very important step that is often overlooked
mostly due to the expense of the testing equipment. The LanRover Pro TP600
will assist you in identifying shorts, opens, miswires, reversals, and split pairs.
In addition, this professional tester will help determine the final length of the
cable you made. For an expensive wire testing job you can use a portable
LAN Tester.

Two Ethernet switches may be connected together with a standard patch cable as
long as both devices are compliant with the MDIX standard. N-TRON Ethernet
switches use this technology on all 10/100 RJ45 ports. Basically, the MDIX standard
automatically performs the crossover functions without user configuration. It allows
the switch to properly align the conductors internally. In some situations, connection
of similar devices such as legacy hubs or Network Interface Cards (NIC's) may be
accomplished by the use of a cross-over cable. Therefore, the cable itself will
physically perform the crossover function. A crossover cable can be easily created by
using the 568A scheme at one end and the 568B scheme at the other end as shown
in the 568A-568B illustration below.

Page 20 of 35

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

Punchdowns

Sometimes there are cross connects using punchdowns in the telecom closet, more
common on telephone wires than data. These are called punchdowns because the
cable is punched down into the IDC contacts with a special tool, called (surprise!) a
punchdown tool. Of course, you MUST keep the twists as close to the punchdown as
possible to minimize crosstalk.

Punchdowns come in 4 varieties: 110, 66, Bix and Krone. Most popular for LANs is
the 110 , for telcos it's the 66, and the Bix and Krone are rare (price, proprietary
designs, etc.)

110 block (left) 66 block (right)

Color Codes For Punchdowns:

Punchdowns of all types are always made with the pairs in order with the
white/stripe wire (tip) first, then the solid colored wire (ring).

Pair 1(w/blue-blue)
Pair 2 (w/orange-orange)
Pair 3 (w/green-green)
Pair 4 (w/brown-brown)

(This color code is often remembered by BLOG - BLueOrangeGreen and brown is all
that's left!)

Page 21 of 35

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

ACTIVITY SHEET 2.2

Learning Outcome 2. Soldering and Terminating Techniques

Solder the spliced wire of Item #1 to Item #6 of Activity 2.1.

T
Laboratory O
Item
Activities 1 2 3 4 5 T
No. A
L

Soldering Technique
1. Are performed

2. Wiring and
connections are
soldered

3. Safety Precautions are

observed

5 – Skillfully performed
4 – Very Satisfactory performed
3 – Satisfactorily performed
2 - Fairly performed
1 – Poorly performed

Page 22 of 35

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

Page 23 of 35

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

LEARNING OUTCOME 3 : TEST TERMINATION AND OR CONNECTION OF

ELECTRICAL WIRINGS/ELECTRONICS CIRCUITS

Assessment Criteria:

1. Testing of all completed termination/connection of electrical wiring/electronics

circuits is conducted in compliance with specifications and regulations using
appropriate procedures and equipment.
2. Wiring and circuits are checked using specified testing procedure.
3. Accidental events or conditions are responded to in accordance with
established procedure.

Page 24 of 35

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

JOB SHEET #1.1

Materials Required:

• 2 pcs. 1 KΩ resistors
• 2 pcs. LED
• 1 pc. 3.8V battery
• 2 pcs. (black & red) Alligator clip
• 4 Fork Connectors
• 4 Quick connectors
• 1 Terminal block
• 2 RJ-45 UTP Connector
• 3 meters LAN cable

Tools and Equipments Required:

• Crimping Tools
• Side Cutter Pliers
• Long Nose Pliers
• Soldering Iron
• Multi Tester
• LAN Tester

Provided with the necessary materials, tools and equipments, terminate and
connect electronics components to assemble a simple series parallel connection.

Project:

1. Common Connector Wire

Description: Common connector wire is used to connect the common

terminals of a terminal block to the power supply source or ground.

2. LAN Cable

Page 25 of 35

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

You will be assessed according to the following criteria:

Criteria: 5 4 3 2 1
1. Steps
were
followed
in correct
sequence
2. Safety
precaution
s in using
tools and
equipment
were
followed
3. Correct
reading of
voltage
and
resistance
was
observed

Where: 5 - Excellent
4 – Very Satisfactory
3 – Satisfactory
2 – Fair
1 - Poor

Page 26 of 35

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

JOB SHEET #1.2

Materials Required:

• Amplifier kit with speaker

• Experiment PCB
• 1 pc. 3.8V battery or power bank
• 2 pcs. (black & red) Alligator clip
• 1-meter Electronic wire/speaker wire

Tools and Equipments Required:

• Crimping Tools
• Side Cutter Pliers
• Long Nose Pliers
• Soldering Iron
• Desoldering tool
• Soldering stand
• Multi Tester

Provided with the necessary materials, tools and equipments, terminate and
connect electronics components to assemble mini audio amplifier with speaker.

Project:

1. Mini amplifier

Description: Use hand tools and test instruments to create or

interpret circuit design and perform electronic wiring assembly of the
circuit.

Page 27 of 35

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

Project:

1. Mini amplifier

Description: Use hand tools and test instruments to create or

interpret circuit design and perform electronic wiring assembly of the
circuit.

Page 28 of 35

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

Project:

1. Mini amplifier

Page 29 of 35

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|28176793

Project:

1. Mini amplifier (some sample DIY circuits available online)

Page 30 of 35

Downloaded by Patrick John Larena (jopat0003@gmail.com)