PRECIPITATING FACTORS:

PREDISPOSING FACTORS:
 Neglect and unresponsive to emotional
 Abuse, Trauma and Maltreatment
needs
history
 Limited social interaction
 Substance Abuse
 Poor coping skills
 Family Dysfunction
 Lack of close friends outside the family
 Gender (male)

Dopamine activity in certain

neuronal tracts

Elevated serotonin

Elevated norepinephrine

gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)

levels of glutamine receptors

 High “expressed emotion”: living in an
environment with extensive negative
comments expressed towards the
\]patient ( risk of relapse)
Abnormalities of neurotransmitter (mainly dopamine)
increase dopaminergic
transmission in mesolimbic
projection
Dopaminergic neurons here to project into limbic
system, responsible for behaviors and emotions.
Abnormal dopamine transmission here is thought to
cause the Positive symptoms of schizophrenia
Persecutory Delusions Visual Hallucinations
SCHIZOPHRENIA
transmission in various region of the brain
Dopaminergic transmission in
mesocortical projection
Dopaminergic neurons here project into the cerebral Abnormal dopamine transmission here is
cortex (i.e frontal lobe), responsible for thinking, thought to cause negative symptoms of
Schizophrenia
decision-making, language production, and mood)
Negative Symptoms (Diminished emotional
expression, affective flattening, alogia,
avolition, diminution of thoughts,
associality)
Speech disorganization or Grossly disorganized
senselessness motor behavior including
catatonia
 MEDICATIONS: POSSIBLE COMPLICATIONS (S) IF NOT
TREATED:
 Zycloran 200 mg
 Suicide, suicide attempts and thoughts of
 Multivitamins with iron suicide.

 Anxiety disorders

 Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

PROGNOSIS:
The patient with Schizophrenia requires lifelong treatment, even
when symptoms have subsided. Our patient lacks treatment due to
financial problem. He will be able to go back his normal functioning if
he will have proper treatment with medications and psychosocial
therapy that can help manage the condition.