Ntyk;khs; Nghjp tshfk; - Njdp.

tFg;G: 10 gapw;rp ifNaL – (2020–2021) ghlk;: jkpo;

,ay;-3
1. Gjpajhf tUNthh; ,utpy; jq;Ftjw;F tPl;bd; Kd;Gwk;
jpz;izAk;> mjpy; jiyitf;fj; jpz;Lk; mikj;jdh;. jpUtpohf;
fhyq;fspy; CUf;FtUk; Gjpath;fisAk; mioj;J md;NghL
tpUe;jspg;gijr; rpy ,lq;fspy; fhzKbfpwJ.
,g;gbahf fhykhw;wk;> jkpoh; tpUe;Njhk;gypy; Vw;gLj;jpa
khw;wq;fs; Fwpj;J fUj;Jfis vOJf.
Gjpajhf tUNthh; ,utpy; jq;Ftjw;fhf tPl;bd; Kd;Gwk;
jpz;izAk;> jiy itf;fj; jpz;Lk; mikj;jpUe;jdh; ek;
Kd;Ndhh;fs;. ,d;W tPl;Lf;Fj; jpz;iz itj;J fl;Ltjpy;iy.
mwpKfk; ,y;yhj Gjpath;fis tpUe;jpdh;fshfTk; Vw;gjpy;iy
Gjpath;fis tpUe;jpdh;fshf Vw;gJ Fiwe;Jtpl;l ,f;fhyj;jpy;
XusTj; njhpe;jth;fis kl;LNk tpUe;jpdh;fshf Vw;wdh;. gbg;gbahf
cw;whh;> cwtpdh;> ez;gh;fs; MfpNahiuNa tpUe;jpduhfg; Nghw;Wk;
epiyf;F khwpdh;.
,Ug;gpDk; jpUtpohf; fhyq;fspy; CUf;F tUk; Gjpath;fisAk;
mioj;J md;NghL tpUe;jspg;gijr; rpy ,lq;fspy; fhz KbfpwJ.
Kd;dh; jpUkzj;ij cWjp nra;jy;> jpUkzk; tisfhg;G> gpwe;jehs;>
GJkid GFtpoh Nghd;wtw;iw ,y;y tpohf;fshfNt nfhz;lhbdh;.
mg;NghJ kpFjpahd tpUe;jpdh;fis tuNtw;W cztspj;J
kfpo;ej
; dh;. me;j tpoh ehl;fspy; mg;gFjp tho; kf;fSk; ntspA+h;
tpUe;jpdh;fSf;Fj; Njitahd cjtpfisr; nra;jdh;. fhyg;Nghf;fpy;
tPl;by; eilngw;w tpohf;fs; jpUkzf; $lq;fSf;F ,lk; ngah;e;J
tpl;ld. gz;ghl;L khw;wkhf ,d;W rpy ,lq;fspy; tpUe;jpdh;fis
tuNtw;gJ Kjy; ge;jpapy; cgrhpj;J topaDg;Gk; tiu jpUkz
Vw;ghl;lhsh;fNs nra;Ak; tpUe;Njhk;gy; eilngWtijf;
fhzKbfpwJ. gz;ilaj; jkpoh; ,y;yq;fspYk; cs;sq;fspYk;
tpUe;Njhk;gy; gz;ghL nropj;jpUe;jJ. Mdhy; ,d;iwa jiyKiwj;
jkpoh;fsplk; Nkw;$wpa Kiw gpd;gw;wg;gLtjpy;iy.
2. cq;fs; ,y;yj;Jf;F te;j cwtpdh;fSf;F nra;j
tpUe;Njhk;giy tpthpj;J vOJf.
 cwtpdh;fis tuNtw;wy;.
 jz;zPh; nfhLj;jy;.
 FbePh; mspj;jy;.
  cztspj;jy;.
 Nfl;Lg; ghpkhWjy;.
 mwpe;J ghpkhWjy;.
 tw;GWj;jp cz;z itj;jy;.
 ,dpg;gpy; njhlq;fp ,dpg;gpy; Kbj;jy;.
 if fOt cjTjy;.
 gok;> ntw;wpiy ghf;F nfhLj;jy;.
 tpil ngWjy;.
vq;fs; tPl;L jpz;izapy; ehs;NjhWk; gy tpahghhpfs; te;J
,uT jq;fpr; nry;th;.mth;fSf;F Ntz;ba czT> jz;zPh; vy;yhk;
nfhLg;Nghk;. rpyh; czT NjitahapDk; nfhLg;Nghk;.
xt;nthU Ntisf;Fk; gy ehl;fspy; tpUe;jpdh;> cwtpdh; tUif
$bf; nfhz;L ,Ug;gJk; cz;L. Mdhy; vtUila Kfj;jpYk; ehd;
rypg;igNah> ntWg;igNah fz;ljpy;iy. fhiy Neuk; tUNthUf;F
Njhir> ,l;yp> rhk;ghh; vd rpw;Wz;bAk;> gUf NkhUk;> kjpak; 1
kzpf;F jiythio ,iy tpUe;Jk; cz;L. tpUe;jpy; nea; kzf;Fk;.
khq;fha;> ehh;j;jq;fha; CWfha; cz;L.
vd;Dila mk;kh> mg;gh> ghl;b> khkh vd xt;nthUtUk;
cwTfSld; fyfyg;ghf ,Ug;ghh;fs;. gy rkaq;fspy; cwTfs; Ch;
jpUk;gNt kdk; ,y;iy vdf; $Wth;. fpzw;wpy; Nkhl;lhh; Nghl;L
Fspay;> nty;yk; Nghl;l fhgp Nghd;wd mspj;Njhk;. nghpa ge;jy;
Nghl;L tpUe;J jlGlyhf %d;W NtisAk; eilngWk;. gyh; jq;fs;
tPl;bypUe;J ,dpg;G> KWf;F> japh;> rPil> vs; cUz;il
Nghd;wtw;iw nfhz;L te;J cwTfSf;Ff; nfhLj;J mth;fs;
cz;gijf; fz;L kfpo;tijAk; fz;bUf;fpNwd;.
tpUe;jpdUk;> cwtpdUk; Ch; jpUk;Gk; NghJ Njhl;lj;Jf;
fha;fwpfs;> gok;> Nth;fliy> Gsp> kpsfha; vdf; nfhLj;J
ngw;Nwhh;fs; kfpo;eJ
; > kfpo;t+l;baijf; fz;bUf;fpNwd;. ,d;W
fy;Y}hpg; gbg;gpy; ghlkhf ,Uf;Fk; tpUe;Njhk;gy; nra;jpfs; 140
Mz;LfSf;F Nkyhf vq;fs; tPl;by; ele;J tUfpd;wJ.
ehq;fs; CUf;F vj;jid NeukhdhYk; ele;Nj Ngha; NrUNthk;.
topapy; cs;s eha;fs; vq;fisf; fhzhj NghJ Fiwf;Fk;. vq;fs;
Fuy; mitfSf;Ff; Nfl;l clNd Xbte;J vq;fisr; Rw;wp
tl;lkpLk;. thiyf;Fioj;J nfhQ;rp vq;fisAk;> cwTfisAk;
tuNtw;Fk;. vj;jid kzpahdhYk;> vq;fis thrypy; te;J ghl;b>
jhj;jh> mk;kh> mg;gh midtUk; te;J tuNtw;W jz;zPh; nfhLg;gh;.
#lhd czT clNd fpilf;Fk;> mYj;J 5 kzp Neu gazk;
eilg;gazk; Kbj;j vq;fSf;F Nghlg;gLk; czT NjthtkpUjkhf
,Uf;Fk;. ghl;bAk;> mk;khTk; tpOe;J tpOe;J cgrhpg;gJ md;W
nghpajhfj; njhpatpy;iy. ,d;Nwh gl;bdtho;Tk;> gzj;Jf;F
tho;tJk; ,g;gb cgrhpj;j FLk;gj;jpypUe;J te;J fbdg;gLfpNwhNk
vd epidf;fj; Njhd;WfpwJ.
3. tpUe;jpdiu kfpo;tpj;Jf; $Wk; Kfkd; nrhw;fis vOJf.
tpUe;jpduhf te;jtiu tpae;Jiuj;jy; vd;gJ tpUe;jpdhpd;
nray;fis tpae;J $wp tuNtw;wy; ey;nrhw;fisg; NgRjy;;
tpUe;jpdh; kfpOkhW ,dpikahd nrhw;fis NgRtJ -
Kfkyh;r;rpAld; NgRjy;; md;NghL tUf vd tuNtw;wy;> vOe;J
epw;wy;> mtUld; njhlh;Gila nra;jpfisf; $wp kfpor; nra;jy;>
mth; mUfpNyNa mkUjy;> mtiug; gpd; njhlh;e;J nrd;W
topaDg;gpitj;jy;> mtUf;Fg; gpbj;j nghUs; (czT> gok;>
ntw;wpiy> ghf;F) Kjypatw;iw mspj;jy; Mfpait MFk;.
4. $j;jidf; $j;jd; Mw;Wg;gLj;jiyf; $j;juhw;Wg;gil vt;thW
fhl;LfpwJ?
Mw;Wg;gLj;Jk; $j;jd;> ts;siy ehb vjph; tUk; $j;jid
mioj;J> ahk; ,t;tplj;Nj nrd;W ,d;dnty;yhk; ghpR ngw;W
tUfpNwhk;. ePAk; me;j ts;syplk; nrd;W tsk; ngw;W tho;thahf
vd;W $Wjy; Mw;Wg;gilahFk;.,jidf; $Wk; E}Ny $j;juhw;Wg;gil
MFk;. ,e;E}ypDs; E}ypd; Mrphpauhd ngUq; nfsrpfdhh; jhd;
ed;dd;ghy; nrd;W ghpR ngw;W tho;gth;. mth; kw;w $j;jiug; ghh;j;J
ed;ddJ kiyehl;bw;Fr; nry;Yk; topiaf; $Wfpd;whh;. kiytho;
kf;fs; ed;dd;ghy; md;Gk;> khpahijAk; cilath;fs;. vdNt
ed;did Nehf;fpr; nry;Yk;.
$j;jhpd;ghYk; md;Gilatuha; tpUe;Njhk;gy; nra;tij
tpsf;fpAs;shh;.
Mw;Wg;gLj;jy; - ghlypd; topNa
md;iwa gfypy; ,isg;ghwp> me;jehs; ,uTg;nghOJ
mth;fSlNd jq;fp> Fd;wpa neUg;gpidg; Nghd;w xs;spg;
g+q;nfhj;Jfisr;> Rw;wj;Jld; #b> rpte;j mNrhf kuj;jpidAila
topapy; nrd;W> mirAk; %q;fpy; xypf;Fk; mhpjha; ,opAk;
topfisAila kiyg;gFjpiar; rhh;e;j rpw;W}iu mile;J>
gifth;fSld; Nghh; nra;ahJ> Nghh; nra;Ak; NghhpidAk;> ntw;wpiaj;
jUk; Kaw;rpiaAk; khdj;ijAk;> ntw;wpiaAk; cila ed;dDila
$j;jh; vd;W $Wthuhapd;> mth;fs; tPl;bd; thapypNy epy;yhky; NeNu
cs;Ns nrd;W> gy ehl;fs; Kd;Ng cwTilahh; Nghy mth;fisf;
NfshkNy cwT nfhs;tjhy;> Nrdpil ele;J te;j Ek; tUj;jk;
ePq;Fk;gbahf ,dpa nkhopfisf; $wp mth;fs; cq;fis Vw;Wf;
nfhs;thh;fs;. kpfr; nrhhpe;j nea;apy; nghhpj;J nte;j gUj;j
jirfiAk;> epwj;ijAila jpidahprp Nrhw;iwAk; mth;fs; (cz;z)
toq;fg; ngWtPh; vd $j;jiu topg;gLj;Jfpwhh;.
5. Mw;Wg;gLj;Jjy;vd;gJ md;iwf;F Gyth;fisAk;>
fiyQh;fisAk; ts;sy;fis Nehf;fp newpg;gLj;Jtjhf
,Ue;jJ. mJ md;iwa epiyapy; xU topfhl;lhf khwpapUg;gij
tpsf;Ff.
,d;iwa cyfkakhf;fpa tho;tpay; epiyapy; Mw;Wg;gLj;Jjy;
MWjy; $WjYk; topfhl;lyhf khwpAs;sJ. ,d;iwa mwptpay;
cyfj;jpy; ,jid kdpjh;fs; %ykhf fzpdpg;gjpTfs; nra;J
nfhz;L ,Ug;gijf; fhzyhk;. kdpjdpd; MWjYk;> topfhl;lYk;
fzpdp topahfg; ngWtijNa nghpJk; ,d;iwa jiyKiwapdh;
tpUk;Gfpd;wdh;.
tho;tpy; ,sikapy; Jd;gg;gl;L cah;e;jtdhNy jhd; tho;tpy;
jhd; Kd;Ndwpaijf; fhl;b topfhl;l Kbfpd;wJ. ed;F gbj;J>
gbg;gpdhy; tho;tpy; cah;epiy mile;NjhdhNyNa fy;tpapd;
epiyiaAk;> fy;tpapd; rpwg;igAk; KOikahff; fhl;l ,aYfpwJ.
ciog;ghy; cah;e;jth;fshNy ciog;gpd; cah;it> ciog;gpd;
cz;ikiaf; fhl;l ,aYk;. tho;f;ifapy; cah;Nth> jho;Nth
mile;Njhhpd; topfhl;lNt gpd;dhy; te;j rKjhaj;jpw;F topfhl;Lk;
Mw;Wg;gLj;jyhf mikAk;.
Nghhpd; jd;ik> KbT> ,og;G> gzkjpg;G> nghUshjhu tPo;r;rp>
ehl;bd; gytifahd ,og;Ng NghNu Ntz;lhk; vd;w topfhl;liyf;
fhl;Lk;. gj;jhk; tFg;Gk;> gd;dpnuz;lhk; tFg;Gk; gbj;j
khzth;fSf;F muRk;>jdpahh; epWtdq;fSk; fhl;Lk; topfhl;lNy
mth;fspd; gpw;fhyf; fy;tpf;Fk;> Ntiy tha;g;Gf;Fk; fhuzkhf
mikfpwJ.
MNyhrid ikaq;fspd; %yk; ngw;Nwhh;fs; jq;fs; kfd;> kfs;
Nghd;Nwhhpd; fy;tp> Qhgfj; jpwd;> njhopy;> eph;thfk; Nghd;wj;
jpwd;fis tsh;j;Jf; nfhs;syhk;. gy epWtdq;fs; Mf;fg;g+h;tkhd
nray;fis ekf;Ff; fhl;LfpwJ. Nghjhikf;Fg; gy topfhl;bg;
gyiffs;> vr;rhpf;iffs; vd NgrhkNy ek;kplk; nksdkhf topfhl;b
epw;fpd;wd. vy;yhj;JiwapYk; topfhl;l epiwa MNyhrfh;fs;
cs;sdh;. nghJr; Nritahf gy ,lq;fspy; kUj;Jtk;> fy;tpnad
gy MNyhridfs; ,ytrkhftk;> Fiwe;j nrytpYk;
nray;gLfpd;wd.
md;iwa Mw;Wg;gLj;jNy ,d;W topfhl;ly;> MNyhrid vd
fhy Xl;lj;jpy; khWgl;lhYk; gyNtWghLfs; cz;L mjid
xt;nthU Jiw MNyhrid topfhl;lypYk; fhzyhk;.
6. vOJ vd;gJ tpiuT fhuzkhf ‘vOJ vOJ’. vd mLf;Fj;
njhluhdJ rphpj;Jg; Ngrpdhh; vd;gJ vt;thW mLf;Fj; njhluhFk;?
rphpj;Jg; Ngrpdhh; vd;Dk; njhlh; rphpj;J rphpj;Jg; Ngrpdhh; vd
mLf;Fj; njhluhFk;.
7. ghujpahh; ftpQh;>E}yfk; nrd;whh;> mth; ahh;? Mfpa njhlh;fspy;
vOthAld; njhlUk; gadpiyfs; ahit?
ghujpahh; ftpQh;> E}yfk; nrd;whh;> mth; ahh; Mfpa %d;W
njhlh;fspYk; gadpiyahf KiwNa ftpQh; (ngah;) gadpiy>
nrd;whh; (tpidg;gadpiy)> ahh;? (tpdhg;gadpiy) vd ngah;> tpid>
tpdh Mfpatw;wpDf;fhd gadpiyfs; te;Js;sd.