ÊBIAFE
päk. 9 Dkrdiefajaebtgs

päk. 5 Dferfd ie jê 

päk. > Abtrgiuffaöb

päk. 3 ·Tuá es ubd Vejahhd7

päk. 3 Krdbgs
päk. 1 Hekujmres
päk. 4? Nrutgs sefgs y sejahhds
päk. 44  Dbtabutraebtes

päk. 4= ·Föjg es eh pdsg d pdsg ie este

prgfesg7
päk. 4= 4. Fgjprd
Nggi styhabk y prgiuffaöb< Hgha päk. 4= =. Dhjdfebdjaebt
Dhjdfebdjaebtgg
Mrdkd Jebebiez (Ohghamj)
päk. 46 6. Hdvdig
Iaseôg< Jdrêd _duhd ^atd
päk. 49 9. ]ejglg y dftavdfaöb
Ngtgs< Jdkdhê _ghverabg
päk. 45 5. Fgffaöb ie feredhes y hekujmres
(Ojdkdhapghverabg)
päk. 45 5.4 Fgffaöb ie hgs feredhes
päk. 43 Yaejpgs y pdrtafuhdraidies eb eh rejglg y eb
hd fgffaöb ie hgs feredhes
päk. =9 5.= Fgffaöb ie hds hekujmres
 

päk. =; Cdmhejgs ie hd pdsaöb ie päk. 54 _drtafuhdraidies ie hgs feredhes

juhtatuies< hds cdrabds
päk. 59 _drtafuhdraidies ie hds pghakgbä-
päk. 6? ¡Bg tgig hg que mrahhd es grg! Hd feds g pseuigfer
pseuigferedhes
edhes
dvebd
päk. 55 _drtafuhdraidies ie hds hekujmres
päk. 6= Eb este trdtdig he iefajgs fcdu d<
päkk. 6=
pä 6= Eh Yra
rakg
kg<< hd
hd peg
pegrr ie
ie tgi
tgids
ds hd
hdss gpf
gpfag
agbe
bess päk. 51 Fgjmabdfagbes fgrreftds :
päk. 66 Khuteb< hd
hd fdusd ieh jd
jdh iakestagbes fgrreftds
päk. 66 Veatäb päk. 51 Eh jatg ie hd prgteêbd fgjphetd
päkk. 69
pä 69 Ker
erj
jeb ie trtrak
akgg y sd
sdhv
hvddig ie
ie trtrak
akgg päk. >? Gtrds fgjmabdfagbes abfgbvebaebtes
päk. 65 Hd sgld
päk. 6> Eh jdêz päk. >4 Utebsahags

päk. 6; Nrutgs sefgs y sejahhds päk. >= ]efetds pgr Hdurd ^dbbehha

päk. 61 _drtafuhdraidies ie hds sejahhds

päk. 61 Vejahhds krdbies
päk. 94 Vejahhds pequeôds

päk. 9> _drtafuhdraidies ie hgs nrutgs

sefgs
 

DK]DIEFAJAEBYGV
^aftus Fuasabe  pgr sus jdrdvahhgsds fdferghds y lukuetes ie fgfabd que
saejpre je dfgjpdôdb y je dyuidb eb ja fgfabd.

Hd Kdjmuzd Iespebsd Grkäbafd pgr tgids hds lgyds

pdrd hds ngtgs…
¡Krdfads Hgre habid!
(Lurdjebtg 91;1, ^ahhd Urquazd, FDMD)

Mjjdr`et, taebid ie dhajebtgs grkäbafgs y bdturdhes pgr hds lgyds veries

y ie tgigs hgs fghgres.
(Dhndrg 43>, Dfdssusg, Drkebtabd)

JA FG-DUY
F G-DUYG]D
G]D
Hdurd Verbd, Hafebfadid eb Butrafaöb
jdtrêfuhd JB ==9;
Fgbtdftdhd d trdvás ie<
Yeh< 44 >595-;1=9
Abstdkrdj< Obutrafagbastdbd
Obutrafagbastdbdturastd
turastd

Ygig hg vghfdig eb este trdtdig es nrutg ie dôgs y dôgs

ie estuiag, ie fursgs, pgskrdigs, hamrgs, ie hd präftafd
fgb jas pdfaebtes eb eh fgbsuhtgrag, pruemd y errgr eb
hd fgfabd y hds prekubtds ie Jdrabd y ie tgigs usteies.

Tuaerg expresdr ub espefadh dkrdiefajaebtg d ja que-

raiêsajd jdestrd< hd Haf. Dbd Had Dkudig, su fursg d
iastdbfad ie Butrafaöb y Bdturasjg nue hd nuebte ie ju-
fcgs ie hgs fgbfeptgs que dquê trdbsjatg. Ydjmaáb d
Dhex ^gb Ngerster , quaeb bgs fgjpdrte saejpre tdbtg
fgbgfajaebtg y experaebfad.

DI^E]YEBFAD
Este igfujebtg bg se prgpgbe sustatuar hd rehdfaöb iareftd jáiafg-pdfaebte ba se pgstuhd fgjg ub hamrg ie fgbselgs
jáiafgs. Ve refgjaebid ebnätafdjebte fgbsuhtdr fgb hgs prgnesagbdhes ie hd sdhui dbte fudhquaer iuid g sêbtgjd

que pueid requerar ub iadkböstafg.

Hds dutgrds fgjpdrteb dquê eh fgbgfajaebtg y hd abngrjdfaöb que diquaraergb d pdrtar ie su experaebfad, su abves-
takdfaöb persgbdh y su fgbsuhtd d prgnesagbdhes.
 

DFE]FD IE JÊ 
Vgy Jdrabd Mgrebszteab, jgtavdigrd sgfadh ie vaid sdhu-
idmhe y nehafaidi. Bdfê eb Muebgs Dares, Drkebtabd eh 4 ie
gftumre ie 41>>. Estgy fdsdid fgb Gsfdr Jdrtêbez y tebkg
ubd cald hhdjdid Jdhebd, ie gtrg jdtrajgbag.

Eb =?44, d hgs igs jeses ie fdsdrje fgb eh djgr ie ja vaid

y d pgfg ie fujphar fudrebtd y seas dôgs, refamê ubd bgtafad
tdb abesperdid fgjg irdjätafd< tebêd fäbfer ie jdjd.

Huekg ie ub jgjebtg abafadh ie iesfgbfaertg, nua dfusdbig

eh kghpe. Jaebtrds cdfêd hg que tebêd que cdfer pdrd fu-
rdr ja fuerpg nêsafg ‖farukêd, rdygs, trdtdjaebtg cgrjgbdh‖,
ejpefá ubd abtebsd müsqueid esparatudh. Fgb jdygr g je-
bgr suerte, abfursagbá eb iasfaphabds iaversds que dmdrfdrgb
iesie eh ygkd y hd jeiatdfaöb cdstd eh rea`a, hd dfupubturd,
hd terdpad fgb nhgres, hd cgjegpdtêd, eh psafgdbähasas y hd dha-
jebtdfaöb fgbsfaebte.

Eb ese prgfesg ianêfah y ighgrgsg dphaquá ubd suerte ie já-

tgig abtuatavg ie ebsdyg y errgr pdrd kuadrje eb eh fdjabg
cdfad hd refuperdfaöb. Dsê nua aiebtanafdbig quá g quaáb je
dyuidmd y, pgr eh fgbtrdrag, quá g quaáb je prgvgfdmd ub
jdh jdygr dh que abtebtdmd rejeiadr. Q sajuhtäbedjebte
nua fgjprebiaebig que yd bg rekresdrêd dh pubtg ie pdrtaid
dbteragr d hd ebnerjeidi. Tue eh fäbfer je cdmêd idig
ubd ebseôdbzd que amd jäs dhhä ie hd furdfaöb nêsafd y je
jgstrdmd eh rujmg cdfad ubd sdbdfaöb ie ja persgbd eb
fuerpg, jebte y espêratu.

‘Vdmêd que tebêd que gfupdrje ie ja jebte, ie ja fuerpg, ie ja espêratu perg bg sdmêd pgr iöbie ejpezdr. Heêd jufcg,
musfdmd abngrjdfaöb. Jaebtrds, hg esframêd tgig.‚

Ebnerjá pdrd sdbdr (=?45) es eh testajgbag fgbjgveigr

fgbjgveigr y sabferg ie estd experaebfad< hd dbkustad, hd abfertaiujmre, hd müs-
queid ie respuestds, hd rehdfaöb fgb hd jeiafabd trdiafagbdh y hgs fdjmags
f djmags que hd ebnerjeidi trdlg d ja vaid.

Fgjg seôdhd Gsfdr Jdrtêbez, ja jdraig, eb eh pröhgkg d ja sekubig hamrg, trdbsngrjá esd experaebfad hêjate eb ‘ubd
gpgrtubaidii pdrd ja iesdrrghhg‚.
gpgrtubaid

Vgy dutgrd ie hgs hamrgs< ‘Ebnerjá _drd Vdbdr‚ (=?45 - Eiatgradh _hdbetd), ‘Dsê Je Fuaig Qg‚ (=?4> - Eiatgradh _hdbetd) y ‘_dz,
 Djgr y Lukg
Lukg ^erie‚
^erie‚ (=?43 - Eiatgradh
Eiatgradh _hdbetd).
_hdbetd).

Vgy fredigrd ie ubd fgjubaidi iakatdh ie jäs ie 6??.??? persgbds d hds que jgtavd iadradjebte pdrd hhevdr ubd vaid
jäs sdhuidmhe y nehaz.

Eb ja päkabd wem (www.jdrabdmgrebszteab.fgj) fuebtg fgb ubd taebid fgb tgigs jas prgiuftgs iakatdhes<
‘Iesdnêg Ietgx ie 6 iêds‚, ‘Iesdnêg Ietgx ie =4 iêds‚, Ja ähmuj ie jeiatdfagbes ‘Jeiatä, ]esparä, Iespertä‚, ja refetdrag
pdrd hds naestds y ja ühtajd fredfaöb lubtg d Fefahad Nerreres< ‘Grg eb Fdrtds‚.
 Diejäs ie ebfgbtrdrje
ebfgbtrdrje eb ja satag wem, pgiás ebfgbtrdrje
ebfgbtrdrje eb ja fuebtd ie Abstdkrdj
Abstdkrdj (Ojdrabdmg
(Ojdrabdmgrebszteab),
rebszteab), eb ja fueb-
td ie Ndfemgg` (/JdrabdMgrebszteab.Ndb_dke) y eb ja fdbdh ie Qgutume (/JdrabdMgrebszteab)
 

ABY]GIUFFAÖB
_gr b je ebgrkuhhezfg ie pgier gnreferte, lubtg d ja queraid Hdurd Verbd,
este trdtdig rephetg ie abngrjdfaöb, jabufagsdjebte vghfdid eb estds päka-
bds.

Hd jasjd es prgiuftg ie dôgs ie estuiag ie Hdurd, ie experaebfad, y ie hd müs-

queid fgjg fgbsefuebfad ie hds prekubtds ie ja pümhafg y hgs pdfaebtes ie ehhd.
 Dbtes ie fgbtabudr,
fgbtabudr, y dcgrd que yd diquaraste este vdhagsg trdtdig, te ruekg que
bg bgs cdkds jäs prekubtds pgrque hg que bg estä eb estds päkabds es pgrque
pgr que bg
hg sdmejgs, pgrque yd abvestakdjgs tgig hg que befesatdjgs sdmer vgs y bgsgtrds
pdrd pgier fgbsujar estds pequeôds lgyatds ie hd bdturdhezd y que bg bgs cdkdb
jdh. _gr supuestg que tu jebte pueie querer jäs. ¡Bg hg iuidjgs! ¡_erg cdstd
dfä hhekdjgs fgb buestrg krdig ie gmsesaöb! Freg que jäs yd serêd fuestaöb
ie que pebsejgs tgigs lubtgs sa vdhe hd pebd fgbsujar estgs dhajebtgs g jelgr
vghver d buestrd vaid ie bg sdmer. Vekurg que cdy jäs abngrjdfaöb que puiajgs
cdmer sujdig eb rehdfaöb d fdid sejahhd, perg bg bgs pdrefaö rehevdbte pdrd
buestrg usg fgtaiadbg. Ub espefadhastd befesatd sdmer eb ietdhhe eh grakeb y jäs
ie fdid ubd, perg pdrd bgsgtrds hg ajpgrtdbte es hg que te dpgrtdb butrafagbdh-
jebte y föjg se usdb. Ydjmaáb te dfhdrg, fgjg saejpre, que hds pdrtafuhdraidies
se trdtdb eb hgs fgbsuhtgrags ie hgs jáiafgs que sepdb ie bdturasjg y ie sdhui
ie jdberd abtekrdtavd. Iespuás ie heer eb ietdhhe tgig eh jdteradh sa befesatäs
dfhdrdr tus iuids g diefudr hd abngrjdfaöb d ub phdb pdrd vgs, pgiás teber tu
fgbsuhtd fgb Hduratd g fgb eh prgnesagbdh que fgbgzfds que está fdpdfatdig pdrd
resghverhds.

Ydjmaáb te querejgs fgbtdr que tdbtg Hdurd fgjg yg, bgs vdjgs dftudhazdbig
fgb hds abvestakdfagbes faebtênafds y hgs iesfumrajaebtgs. Gldhä tgigs hgs espefad-
hastds cafaerdb hg jasjg. Estd es ubd fgbversdfaöb que tebejgs juy d jebuig
fgb Hdurd fudbig fdid vez jäs sekuaig ehhd je vaebe d pabfcdr eh khgmg fgb
dhkg que yd iämdjgs pgr jdrdvahhgsg y ie kghpe se iesfumre que bg hg es tdbtg.
Este es eh fdsg ie hgs fdrmgcairdtgs, yd que su exfesg ehevd hd khufejad hg que
prgvgfd que prgiuzfdjgs
prgiuzfdjgs absuhabd y que se ndmraqueb trakhafáraigs. Estds igs sgb
hds fdusds ieh sgmrepesg, hd gmesaidi y hds ebnerjeidies jetdmöhafds que cgy eb
iêd sgb ubd veridierd pdbiejad.

Eb estd gpgrtubaidi bgs vdjgs d diebtrdr eb hds hekujmres

h ekujmres y hgs feredhes abtekrd-
hes, que dbtes se fgbsaierdmd
fgbsaierdmd que iemêdb ser hd mdse ie hd dhajebtdfaöb.
dhajebtdfaöb. Dcgrd
se sdme que bg es tdb dsê yd que sa hgs fgbsujajgs eb exfesg g abiemaidjebte
prepdrdigs,
prepdrdig s, vdb d ser perluiafadhes pdrd buestrd sdhui. Eb ja hamrg DVÊ JE FUAIG
QG,, te fgbtá que bg fgjêd fdsa bdid ie cuevgs, ba dbajdhes. Iespuás ieh fäbfer
QG
je cafe vekdbd pgr ubgs dôgs, perg bg hg puie sgsteber pgrque je ia fuebtd ie
que bg je sebtêd ieh tgig maeb dubque tgjdmd suphejebtgs ie vatdjabd M4=,
fgjêd hebtelds, tgjdmd esparuhabd y jäs... Ebtgbfes vghvê d fgjer fdrbe rgld ie
pdstgreg ubd vez d hd sejdbd y pesfdig sdhvdle tres vefes d hd sejdbd. Q dcgrd

que estgy
sad), sujáeb
ubJdirai,
cuevg dhy estgy jäs
iêd pgr sudtebtd d jaiebuevd
fdbtaidi etdpd jaberdhes
vatdjabds, ie hd vaidy(jebgpdu-
prgteêbds.
Hds prgteêbds sgb abiaspebsdmhes pdrd que yg pueid ndmrafdr ja prgpag fghäkebg,
que tdbtg tebkg que fuaidr d estd eidi (59). Eb dqueh jgjebtg ja iaetd erdb
tgids lgyds ieh reabg veketdh, abfhuyebig feredhes abtekrdhes y hekujmres d iadrag.
 

 Dcgrd sê fgjg nrutgs sefgs y sejahhds tgigs hgs iêds perg d hgs feredhes abtekrd-
hes y d hds hekujmres fgjebfá d espdfadrhgs fudbig ja khufejad eb hgs dbähasas
fgjebzö d ehevdrse sab que yg fgbsujaerd dzüfdr, pgstres, kdhhetatds, iuhfes eb
keberdh. Ubd khufejad ehevdid te hhevd d prgiufar absuhabd eb exfesg y estd es ubd
cgrjgbd abnhdjdtgrad
abnhdjdtgrad que cdfe que buestrg fuerpg sed ub terrebg nártah pdrd hds
ebnerjeidies.

Estg que te estgy fgbtdbig es pdrd hd phdbanafdfaöb ie tu dhajebtdfaöb ie tgigs hgs

iêds y bg dphafd pdrd jas iesdnêgs ietgx que saejpre te fuebtg que sgb sghg 6 g
=4 iêds ie hajpaezd eb hgs fudhes bg se fgbsuje cuevg ba dbajdhes y sa hekujmres
y feredhes abtekrdhes.

Fgb tgig estg dfhdrdig fgjebfejgs fgb

este jdrdvahhgsg trdtdig.

Ye paig que hg heds fgb dtebfaöb y jäs ie ubd vez sa es befesdrag.

befesdr ag.
Bg vdyds iareftdjebte d hds refetds. Dubque te pdrezfd tgig ianêfah, te dsekurg
que bg hg es y que fudbig hg sepds cdfer se cdrä dhkg dutgjätafg fgjg fudbig
dprebiás d jdbeldr eh dutg y te pdrefe que bg vds d pgier jardr eh espelg jaeb-
trds jaräs pdrd diehdbte, pgber hgs fdjmags y hgs peidhes, ebfebier hds hufes ¡y
prestdr dtebfaöb d hgs gtrgs dutgs y dh fdjabg!, y iespuás se trdbsngrjd eb dhkg
dutgjätafg.. G fgjg dbidr eb mafa… ¡Fgjg
dutgjätafg ¡ Fgjg tgig, se dprebie y hastg!

Fgbnêg eb que fudbig fgjds tus sejahhds fgjg te vdjgs d ebseôdr d fgbtabud-
faöb te vds d sebtar jufcg jelgr ie sdhui.

 Dcgrd sê... Fgjebfejgs...

 

·TUÁ EV UBD VEJAHHD7

Hd sejahhd es hd estrufturd que ebfgbtrdjgs iebtrg ie
ub nrutg y que id grakeb d ubd vaid, d ubd buevd phdbtd.
Ygid sejahhd estä fgjpuestd pgr ub ‘ejmraöb‚ que fgbtaebe hd abngrjdfaöb ke-
bátafd pdrd fgbvertarse, eb fgbiafagbes ndvgrdmhes, eb ubd buevd phdbtd. Hd se-
jahhd fgbtaebe tdjmaáb dhajebtg dhjdfebdig pdrd kdrdbtazdr
kdrdbtazdr hd vaid ie ese ej-
mraöb y fdpds prgteftgrds ie paehes, jejmrdbds fdrbgsds y/g namrgsds, y fäsfdrds
iurds, que prgtekeb d ese ejmraöb y d su dhajebtg ie iepreidigres y ndftgres
djmaebtdhes iesndvgrdmhes fgjg hd huz, eh gxêkebg g hd tejperdturd, que pgirêdb
dhterdr eh fgbtebaig prgiufaebig pgr elejphg prgfesgs ie gxaidfaöb, iestruffaöb
ie butraebtes, ebtre gtrgs.

Hds sejahhds bgs dpgrtdb< krdsds y dfeates esebfadhes, cairdtgs ie fdrmgbg, prgteê-
bds, namrds, jaberdhes,
jaberdhes, ebzajds y vatdjabds.

Ydjmaáb pgseeb sustdbfads

sustdbfads iebgjabdids
iebgjabdids ‘dbtabutraebtes‚. Qd bgs
bgs vdjgs d ieia-
fdr d estgs ndstaiagsgs y jghestgs ebejakgs eb ub rdtatg… perg dquê estä hd fues-
taöb pgr hd que te estdjgs ebseôdbig d abkerarhds
a bkerarhds diefudidjebte
diefudidjebte pdrd pgtebfadr
sus mebenafags y evatdr sus abfgbvebaebtes.

Hgs feredhes, hds hekujmres, hgs nrutgs sefgs y hds sejahhds jäs pequeôds, VGB
YGIDV VEJAHHDV, perg seküb dhkubds ie sus fdrdfterêstafds hds fhdsanafdjgs eb
ianerebtes krupgs.

K]DBGV
Vejahhd que pertebefe d hd ndjahad ie hds ‘krdjêbeds‚. Hds krdjêbeds sgb phdbtds
fgb sejahhds que idb grakeb d nrutgs ‘ndrabäfegs‚ que sgb rafgs eb cairdtgs ie
fdrmgbg fgjphelgs (dhjaiöb y namrds), y tdjmaáb pgseeb prgteêbds. Hgs krdbgs se
iavaieb d su vez eb igs krdbies krupgs<

Feredhes _seuigferedhes g _ghakgbäfeds

Fgb khuteb< trakg, femdid, febtebg.  Hd dvebd es ub fdsg Vgb sejahhds ie nhgres fgb ub vdhgr butrafagbdh jäs ehevdig
espefadh. Eb keberdh bg fgbtaebe khuteb. Fudbig hd dvebd bg que hgs feredhes pgr fgbteber jdygr prgpgrfaöb ie prgteê-
taebe khuteb hg dfhdrd eb eh ebvdse. bds, jaberdhes y äfaigs krdsgs sdhuidmhes. Diejäs, sgb ha-
mres ie khuteb.
Vab khuteb< jalg, drrgz, jdêz, sgrkg, tenn.
Vgb hd quabgd, eh djdrdbtg y eh trakg sdrrdfebg.
Vgb prabfapdhjebte rafgs eb cairdtgs ie fdrmgbg fgjphelgs
fgjg eh dhjaiöb (;?%) y hds namrds. Vu fgbtebaig ie prgteê-
bds, vatdjabds y jaberdhes vd d iepebier ie föjg hgs fgb-
sujdjgs. Va sgb abtekrdhes vdb d fgbteber tgigs estgs bu-
traebtes. Va sgb renabdigs sghdjebte seräb nuebte ie dhjaiöb
que bgs dpgrtdrä fdhgrêds vdfêds ie gtrg vdhgr butrafagbdh.
 

]efgjebidjgs fgbsujar krdbgs abtekrdhes, es iefar, ebtergs, es iefar, fgjg hd

bdturdhezd sdmadjebte
sdmadjebte hgs freö. Ie estd ngrjd su dhtg fgbtebaig eb dhjaiöb estä
eb pdrte equahamrdig pgr hd namrd ie hds fdpds ie ‘fdsfdrahhd‚ que hgs refumreb
ebhebtefaebig dsê su dmsgrfaöb. Ie estd jdberd hgkrdjgs jgiuhdr eh êbiafe khu-
fájafg (baveh ie dzüfdr eb sdbkre). ]efgriejgs que es sdhuidmhe teber ubd dha-
jebtdfaöb ie mdlg êbiafe khufájafg.

Ye igy ub idtg ajpgrtdbtatg< dh fgbsujar dhjaiöb tu fuerpg dmsgrme pdrte ieh

dkud ie hd jdterad nefdh cdfaábighd jäs sefd y iurd. Es pgr este jgtavg que te
idb drrgz mhdbfg pdrd fgrtdr ubd iadrred. Eh fgbsujg ie dhajebtgs rafgs eb dhja-
iöb g sus ieravdigs ( pdstds, pdbanafdigs, kdhhetatds, tdrtds,
tdrtds, pazzds, etf) eb keberdh
bgs fgbstapdb. Diejäs, ese hêquaig que tu grkdbasjg he rgmö d hd jdterad nefdh se
vd d reteber eb hgs telaigs prgiufaebig eiejds< fdrd cabfcdid, tgmahhgs cabfcd-
igs, glerds, etf. _gr este jgtavg fudbig ehajabäs estgs dhajebtgs ie hd iaetd cdfás
jäs pas y sebtês que te iesabnhäs.

Gtrg mebenafag ie hd namrd ie hgs krdbgs abtekrdhes es que nubfagbd fgjg premaö-
tafg< dhajebtg pdrd hgs prgmaötafgs (hds mdfterads mebenafagsds que iemejgs teber
eb buestrd jafrgmagtd).

HEKUJM]EV
hekujmres sgb sejahhds que pertebefeb d hd ndjahad ie hds ‘hekujabgsds‚. Eb
Hds hekujmres
este fdsg hd sejahhd estä iebtrg ie ubd vdabd.

Iebtrg ie este krupg estäb< hds hebtelds (rglds, veries, jdrrgbes, pabtds), hgs
kdrmdbzgs, hgs pgrgtgs eb tgids sus vdraeidies (jubk, pdhhdr, jdbtefd, fghg-
rdig, bekrg, sgld, etf), drvelds g ‘kuasdbtes‚, cdmds, dhndhnd, hupabes, jdbêes
g ‘fdfdcudtes‚, dhkdrrgmd, dhumads.

Vgb rafds eb prgteêbds (==%), dhjaiöb (5?%), sdfdrgsd, khufgsd, nruftgsd, es-
tdquagsd y ghakgsdfäraigs que dftüdb fgjg premaötafgs. Hgs prgmaötafgs sgb hds

mdfterads
beb namrd mebenafagsds
(=5%) que que cdmatdb
que prevaebe eb buestrg dpdrdtg
eh estreôajaebtg iakestavg.
y equahamrd
equahamrd Ydjmaáb
eh fghestergh, fgbtae-
jaberdhes
(caerrg, jdkbesag, pgtdsag, fdhfag, ngsngrg y zabf), äfaigs krdsgs absdturdigs. Die-
jäs fgbtaebeb hefatabd que es ubd krdsd befesdrad pdrd ejuhsagbdr eb sdbkre hds
krdsds y eh fghestergh.

Eh caerrg ie hds hekujmres bg se dmsgrme näfahjebte perg pgiejgs jelgrdr su

dmsgrfaöb dh fgjmabdrhds fgb dhajebtgs rafgs eb vatdjabd F, fgjg lukg ie hajöb,
tgjdte fruig g perelah fruig.

Ubd fdrdfterêstafd que taebeb eb fgjüb feredhes, pseuigferedhes y hekujmres es

que iemaig d su fgbtebaig eb dhjaiöb hgs iemejgs fgbsujar saejpre fgfaigs.
Ie hg fgbtrdrag este dhjaiöb prgiufarêd abnhdjdfaöb abtestabdh y d pdrtar ie ehhg ub
dujebtg eb hd perjedmahaidi abtestabdh, ndfahatdbig eh pdsdle ie sustdbfads töxafds
dh tgrrebte sdbkuêbeg y dhterdfagbes eb hd jafrgmagtd.
 

N]UYGV VEFGV Q VEJAHHDV

 D ianerebfad ie hds hekujmres y hgs krdbgs hds pgiejgs y iemejgs fgbsujar eb
fruig. Bg te estreses, yd te vdjgs d exphafdr. _ebsä que hhekdste cdstd dfä pdrd
dprebier hg buevg.

 Diejäs ieie prgteêbds,

prgteêbds, namrds,
namrds, jaberdhes, hgs nrutgs
nrutgs sefgs y hds sejahhds sgb rafds eb
ebzajds y vatdjabds que se iestruyeb fgb ubd tejperdturd superagr d hgs 95 krd-
igs. Hg jasjg sufeie fgb su fgbtebaig eb jdrdvahhgsds krdsds pghaabsdturdids.
Estds krdsds bg sghg se iestruyeb fgb hd tejperdturd, sabg que d tejperdturds
superagres se vuehveb töxafds, paerieb hd vartui ie ser dbtaabnhdjdtgrads
dbtaabnhdjdtgrads y dbtagxa-
dbtagxa-
idbtes y se fgbvaerteb eb prg abnhdjdtgrads y prg gxaidtavds. Dhkubds ie estds
krdsds sgb esebfadhes0 estg quaere iefar que buestrg fuerpg bg hds pueie
pueie ndmrafdr,
pgr hg tdbtg, es ‘esebfadh‚ abfgrpgrdrhds fgb hgs dhajebtgs. Estdjgs cdmhdbig ie
hgs äfaigs krdsgs gjekd 6 y >. Este es eh jgtavg pgr eh que te refgjebidjgs
fgbsujarhds fruids.

Hds pgiejgs d su vez, sumfhdsanafdr pgr su tdjdôg y fgjpgsafaöb quêjafd eb

nrutgs sefgs y sejahhds.

Nrutgs Vefgs
Vgb nrutgs que eb su fgjpgsafaöb bdturdh taebeb jebgs ieh 5? % ie dkud.
¡DYEBYA! Vgb< dhjebirds, fdstdôds, fdstdôds ie pdrä (buez ie Mrdsah), fdstdôds ie fdlü
Bg fgbnubiar nrutgs sefgs
fgb nrutds iescairdtdids
(dbdfdrigs), dvehhdbds, buefes, buefes ie jdfdidjad, buefes pefdb, pastd-
(iesefdids).
fcgs

Hgs jdbêes g ‘fdfdcudtes‚ sgb hekujmres, dubque pgpuhdrjebte se hgs fgbsaierd

nrutg sefg, perg bg hg sgb. Eb keberdh bg ehekajgs eh jdbê eb buestrg phdb ie
dhajebtdfaöb pgrque es abnhdjdtgrag, dherkábafg y suehe estdr fgbtdjabdig fgb

cgbkgs y hevdiurds
Fujphajgs prgiuftgrds
fgb hd gmhakdfaöb ie dnhdtgxabds
ie fgbtdrte tgig hgfdbferêkebds
que sdmejgs…d baveh
fgjgcepätafg.
saejpre
pgiás ehekar.

Nrutds nresfds fgjg uvds, faruehds, dräbidbgs, jehgfgtgbes, idjdsfgs, iätahes,

cakgs, mdyds ie kgla, jgrds, nrdjmuesds, etf, pueieb iesefdrse pgr jeiag ie
ianerebtes prgfesgs y trdbsngrjdrse dsê eb nrutd iescairdtdid. Ubd uvd pdsd d
¡BG ]GYUBIG  ser ubd pdsd ie uvd. Estds nrutds grakabdhjebte taebeb ie 34 % d 39 % ie dkud
dh fgbsujg ie nrutds y fudbig se hds iescairdtdb
iescairdtdb pdsdb d teber ub
ub 4? d ub =?%. Cdy que teber eb
dmrahhdbtdids, dzufdrdids fuebtd que iurdbte este prgfeiajaebtg se fgbfebtrd su fgbtebaig ie dzüfdr pgr
y/g khdsedids! esg iemeb ser fgbsujaids fgb jufcd prefdufaöb y tebaebig eb fuebtd tus pdrta-
fuhdraidies. ¡Iadmátafgs dmsteberse!

 ^ghvdjgs d buestrg dsubtg

dsubtg ie hgs nrutgs sefgs. Hgs nrutgs sefgs sgb dhajebtgs
dhajebtgs ie
dhtd iebsaidi fdhörafd. Eb pgfg vghujeb ie dhajebtg tebejgs ubd dhtd fdbtaidi
ie fdhgrêds y ubd dhtd fdhaidi butrafagbdh. Eb pgfd fdbtaidi ie nrutgs sefgs vdjgs
d ebfgbtrdr ub krdb dpgrte ie vatdjabds (fgjphelg M, y vatdjabd E), jaberdhes,
(fdhfag, ngsngrg, jdkbesag, fgmre, caerrg, sehebag y zabf), ghakgehejebtgs, krdsds
 

esebfadhes y namrd. Ygig estg cdfe que ubd pequeôd fdbtaidi pgr iêd ie ehhgs sed
juy mebenafagsd ¡y tdjmaáb sunafaebte! Qg sá que te ebfdbtdb kgria, perg ie estg
fgbsujê fgb jgierdfaöb.
jgierdfaöb. _gr elejphg< >/3 dhjebirds pdrd kdrdbtazdr
kdrdbtazdr ubd pdrte
ie hd igsas iadrad befesdrad ie fdhfag y sujä = buefes pefdb g fdstdôds ie pdrä
pdrd dpgrtdr sehebag. Estg es ub elejphg pdrd que bg te fgjds ub nrdsfg ebterg g
ub puôdig ieh tdjdôg ie hd jdbg ie ub kakdbte. Yus pdrtafuhdraidies hds tebás
que fgbsuhtdr fgb ub prgnesagbdh que tebirä eb fuebtd tu pesg, tu eidi y tu estdig
nasaghökafg. Estg eb keberdh vdhe pdrd tgig hgs dhajebtgs.

Vejahhds
 Dcgrd vdjgs
vdjgs d ieiafdrbgs d hds jäs
jäs pequeôatds.
pequeôatds. _gpuhdrjebt
_gpuhdrjebtee fudbig bgs rene-
rajgs dh tárjabg ‘sejahhds‚ cdfejgs jebfaöb d hds que sgb juy rafds eb krdsds,
tdh es dsê que pgiejgs extrder
extrder sus dfeates. Bgs dpgrtdb diejäs
diejäs prgteêbds,
prgteêbds, vatd-
jabds, jaberdhes y namrds sujdjebte mebenafagsds.

Vgb sejahhds< kardsgh, fcêd, habg, sásdjg, fdhdmdzd, djdpghd, fäôdjg g cejp,
nebgkrefg, paôgbes, dhpaste, zdrdkdtgbd g psyhhauj.

 Dcgrd que yd sdmás fuähes sgb te vdjgs d fgbtdr pgr quá cdy que fgbsujarhds
fgb fgbfaebfad.

Hd jdberd ie ehajabdr
d estgs dbtabutraebtes es
redhazdr eh ‘rejglg‚ g hd
‘dftavdfaöb‚.
Fudbig bgs renerajgs d
feredhes g hekujmres cdmhd-
jgs ie rejglg y fudbig
bgs renerajgs d nrutgs sefgs
y sejahhds cdmhdjgs ie dfta-
vdfaöb. Eh prgfeiajaebtg es
eh jasjg, que bg fubid eh
päbafg.
DBYABUY]AEBYEV
Vgb sustdbfads que taebeb hd nabdhaidi ie prgteker d hd sejahhd iurdbte su ker-
jabdfaöb ie hd dkresaöb ie phdkds y iepreidigres. Bgsgtrgs tdjmaáb sgjgs
‘iepreidigres‚ pdrd hds sejahhds y pdrd hds phdbtds. Es pgr esg que tdjmaáb d
bgsgtrgs estgs dbtabutraebtes bgs prgiufeb idôg. Dhkubgs ie ehhgs abcameb hd dm-
sgrfaöb ie gtrgs butraebtes que esd jasjd sejahhd taebe pdrd gnreferbgs y gtrgs
bgs prgiufeb abnhdjdfaöb.
 Dhkubgs ie hgs dbtabutraebtes<
dbtabutraebtes<
Gxdhdtgs< se ubeb dh fdhfag, abcameb su dmsgrfaöb y pueieb ngrjdr fähfuhgs
rebdhes.
Abcamaigres ebzajätafgs< se ubeb d buestrds ebzajds iakestavds y dbuhdb su
fdpdfaidi ie cdfer hd iakestaöb. Fgjg sdmejgs, sa hd iakestaöb se ianafuhtd y
pgr hg tdbtg se prghgbkd, se abafadb prgfesgs ie nerjebtdfaöb y putrendffaöb
que terjabdb eb kdses e abnhdjdfaöb.
Äfaig tafg< abcame hd dsajahdfaöb ie prgteêbds, dhjaigbes, krdsds y jaberdhes.
Heftabds< sujdjebte abnhdjdtgrads, se ebfuebtrdb nubidjebtdhjebte eb hds
hekujmres.
Khuteb< abnhdjdtgrag, dherkábafg, diaftavg.
 

·FÖJG EV EH _DVG D _DVG IE

EVYE _]GFEVG7

FGJ_]D
4 Vaejpre es preneramhe que ehalds krdbgs y sejahhds ebvdsdigs y bg expuestgs d krd-
beh eb refapaebtes dmaertgs pdrd evatdr hd dfujuhdfaöb ie sufaeidi ieh djmaebte
y gtrgs pgsamhes tapgs ie fgbtdjabdfaöb. Ye igy ub elejphg que se je dfdmd ie
gfurrar< dbajdhes que, fudbig
fudbig faerrdb eh bekgfag g eh iueôg se iastrde,
iastrde, cdfeb sus
befesaidies sgmre hds sejahhds que iespuás vds d hhevdr d tu fuerpg.

Hds sejahhds, nrutgs sefgs, krdbgs y hekujmres iemeb estdr ebtergs, bg pdrtaigs,
pdrd evatdr hd gxaidfaöb que se abafad fudbig eh abteragr ie hd sejahhd estd eb fgb-
tdftg fgb eh gxêkebg.

Fudbig se trdtd ie nrutgs sefgs y sejahhds saejpre fgjprdrhgs fruigs. ¡Bubfd

tgstdigs ba sdhdigs ba dzufdrdigs ba sab paeh!

Evatdr fgjprdr sejahhds y nrutgs sefgs jghaigs. Djmgs sgb rafgs eb krdsds pghaab-
sdturdids que dh ebtrdr eb fgbtdftg fgb hd huz, hd tejperdturd g eh dare, se gxaidb,
paerieb sus prgpaeidies
prgpaeidies y se vuehveb töxafgs. Ye refgjaebig teber eb tu fgfabd
ub jghabahhg eháftrafg pdrd jgherhgs eb eh jgjebtg eb eh que hgs vds d fgbsujar
fgbsujar..
¡Es ubd exfehebte abversaöb!

Eb eh fdsg ie nrutgs sefgs y sejahhds bg fgjprdr hgs ‘jax‚. Hd jezfhd ianafuhtd hd

iakestaöb y esg pueie terjabdr eb abnhdjdfaöb. Fgjg jufcg pgiás fgjmabdr igs
tapgs ie sejahhds g nrutgs sefgs d hd vez. ¡Bg sgs ub dve y bg tebás mufce! Hds dves
hg taebeb ebtgbfes dhhê nerjebtdb
nerjebtdb tgid hd vdraeidi y fdbtaidi
fdbtaidi ie hds sejahhds que
fgjeb. ^gs bg pgiás, que bg nerjebteb eb tu pdbzd.

= DHJDFEBDJAEBYG
Hg aiedh es que fgjpres hg que redhjebte vds d usdr.
Bg cdkds tdbtg dfgpag ie fgjaid. Ve vebfe,
se dmafcd.
usdr.
v ebfe, se gxaid,

Es fgbvebaebte kudridrhgs eb hukdres nresfgs, gsfurgs,

pdrd prgtkeerhgs ie ndftgres djmaebtdhes fgjg hd huz y
hd tejperdturd.
 

HD^DIG
 Dbtes ie dftavdr
dftavdr g rejgldr
rejgldr es fgbvebaebte
fgbvebaebte redhazdr ub hdvdig
hdvdig ie hgs
hgs krdbgs
krdbgs g seja-
seja-
hhds que vdjgs d utahazdr, yd que iurdbte su peragig ie dhjdfebdjaebtg diejäs

6
ie dfujuhdr sufaeidi tdjmaáb se pueieb prgiufar cgbkgs y hevdiurds que fgjg
te fgbtdjgs
fgbtdjgs dbtes
dbtes sgb töxafgs.

_drd estg vdjgs d utahazdr ubd iahufaöb ie 4? % ie vabdkre eb dkud. _drd eh hd-
vdig pgiejgs utahazdr dkud fgrraebte. Eh vabdkre pueie ser ie fudhquaer tapg. Es
sunafaebte fgb =? jabutgs ie rejglg. Huekg ebludkdjgs
ebludkdjgs reaterdids vefes, y refaáb
huekg ie este hdvdig prgfeiejgs d dftavdr g rejgldr. _drd vgs que je hg prekub-
täs fdid vez que dpdrezfg eb hds castgrads ie abstdkrdj, hd fdbtaidi ie vabdkre es
; fufcdrdids sgperds pgr hatrg ie dkud g fgjg cdkg yg, ub mueb fcgrrg.
 
Exfepfagbes< hds sejahhds ie fcêd y ie habg bg se pueieb hdvdr pgrque abjeiadtd-
jebte prgiufeb ‘jufêhdkg‚< ese hêquaig vasfgsg, pdrefaig d hd fhdrd ieh cuevg,

que ubd
hdvdb. vez queehsejufêhdkg
 Diejäs keberö yd
es bg
juysemebenafagsg
pueie sepdrdr
pdrdiehdhdsdhui
sejahhd. G sed,Ebbgeste
abtestabdh. se
fdsg pgiejgs dkrekdr eh vabdkre dh dkud ie dftavdfaöb saejpre y fudbig sed ie
jdbzdbd grkäbafd g ie saird ie jdbzdbd.
 

]EJGLG Q DFYA^DFAÖB
9 Ygid sejahhd estä eb estdig ie hdtebfad, igrjaid y dsê pueie vavar pgr jufcêsa-
jgs dôgs. Fudbig
Fudbig hd sujerkajgs
sujerkajgs eb eh dkud, hd sejahhd ebtaebie que hhekö eh
jgjebtg ie iespertdr, ie dmdbigbdr su estdig ie hdtebfad, y iespertdr fgjg hd
Mehhd Iurjaebte. Eh mesatg se hg id eh dkud y dsê ebtaebie que hhekö eh jgjebtg
ie trdbsngrjdrse eb phdbtd. Eb ese jgjebtg se pgbeb eb jdrfcd prgfesgs je-
tdmöhafgs que iekrdidb dbtabutraebtes y juhtaphafdb prabfapdhjebte vatdjabds y
ebzajds.

Ie este prgfesg surkeb jühtaphes mebefags<

 Dh iekrdidr hgs dbtabutraebtes jelgrd hd dmsgrfaöb ie hgs butraebtes ie hd se-
jahhd.
 Dh ‘iespertdr‚
‘iespertdr‚ se juhtaphafdb estgs butraebtes.
butraebtes.
 Dh rejgldr hd sejahhd, dmsgrme dkud, se iesigmhdb hgs dbtabutraebtes y estg
cdfe que se bgs ndfahate hd iakestaöb. ]efgriä que eh abtestabg es eh pubtg ie
pdrtaid ie hd abnhdjdfaöb keberdh que fgbiufe d hd sdhui g d hd h d ebnerjeidi.
¡Eh 3? % ie tu sastejd abjubghökafg se dhgld eb tu abtestabg!
a btestabg!
Ve iesigmhdb y pre iakaereb dhkubgs ie sus butraebtes< Hds prgteêbds se iesig-
mhdb eb sus fgjpgbebtes mäsafgs, hgs djabgäfaigs. Hgs cairdtgs ie fdrmgbg
se vuehveb jäs näfahes ie iakerar, evatdbig hd prgiuffaöb ie kdses. Dujebtd hd
iaspgbamahaidi ie äfaigs krdsgs esebfadhes.
 Dujebtd hd iaspgbamahaidi ie ie hds vatdjabds ieh
ieh fgjphelg M.
M.
Ve hamerd eh äfaig nêtafg y ie estd jdberd
jdberd hgs jaberdhes fgjg eh fdhfag, caerrg,
zabf, jdkbesag y jdbkdbesg queidb iaspgbamhes pdrd ser dmsgrmaigs.

·Föjg se rejgld g dftavd7

Eh prgfeiajaebtg ie rejglg g dftavdfaöb se vd d redhazdr eb
refapaebtes ie vairag, ie hgzd g ie dferg abgxaidmhe, igbie
vds d fghgfdr eh feredh, hd hekujmre, hd sejahhd g eh nrutg

sefg que vds

puranafdid d utahazdr Hg
g jaberdh. y hgaiedh
vds desfumrar fgbfcdu
iefarhe dmubidbte dkud 
dh phästafg.
 Dfgridte ieh Masnebgh D, juy jdhg<
jdhg< iasruptgr ebiöfrabg.
ebiöfrabg.

_drd jelgrdr hd iekrdidfaöb ieh äfaig nêtafg resuhtd juy

fgbvebaebte dkrekdr dh dkud ieh rejglg dhküb jeiag äfaig.
Hg aiedh serêd utahazdr `ánar ie dkud, g eh hêquaig ie veketdhes
nerjebtdigs (ieh fcufrut g ieh `ajfca pgr elejphg). Ydjmaáb
Ydjmaáb
pgiejgs utahazdr vabdkre ie jdbzdbd grkäbafg sab pdsteu-
razdr g lukg ie hajöb. Hd fdbtaidi que vdjgs d utahazdr es
ubd fufcdrdid sgperd ieh jeiag dfaianafdbte que cdydjgs
ehekaig pgr fdid tdzd ie dkud ie rejglg.

Ve fghgfd ub haebzg ie tehd fumraebig eh refapaebte g hd tdpd

ieh refapaebte sab ferrdr ie jdberd cerjátafd dpebds dpg-
ydig ieldbig que respare y se abafad dsê eh prgfesg ie rejglg
g dftavdfaöb.
]ejglg ie feredhes y hekujmres
 

Eh taejpg ie rejglg g dftavdfaöb vd d vdradr iepebiaebig ie sa se trdtd ie

sejahhds, nrutgs sefgs, feredhes, hekujmres. Qd
Qd hg arejgs vaebig eb fdid fdsg eb
pdrtafuhdr.. Eb eh fdsg ie rejgldr pgr 93cs te sukaerg fdjmadr eh dkud ieh rejglg
pdrtafuhdr
igs g tres vefes.

Hd exfepfaöb es eh fdsg ie hds sejahhds ie fcad, ie habg y hds ie zdrdkdtgbd,

que fgjg fgjebtdjgs dbteragrjebte ngrjdb ub jufêhdkg ajpgsamhe ie sepdrdr
ie hd sejahhd.

¡DYEBYA!
Eh prgfeiajaebtg se redhazd d tejperdturd djmaebte.
Ub errgr cdmatudh es cdfer eh rejglg g dftavdfaöb eb hd cehd-
ierd. Ie estd ngrjd hd mdld tejperdturd bg perjatarêd que se
abafaeb tgigs hgs prgfesgs jetdmöhafgs y ie nerjebtdfaöb que
vdb d jelgrdr eh eneftg ie hgs krdbgs g sejahhds.

Vejahhds ie habg
Vejahhds ie habg  y fcêd jghaids

 y fcêd ebterds
ebterds

 Dftavdf
 Dftavdfaöb
aöb ie sejahhds
sejahhds
 5
 

FGFFAÖB IE FE]EDHEV Q HEKUJM]EV

FGFFAÖB IE HGV FE]EDHEV

5.4
5.4 _dsdig eh taejpg ie rejglg prgfeiejgs d hd fgffaöb. Es juy ajpgrtdbte fgfabdr
hgs feredhes ie jdberd fgrreftd pdrd que bg bgs prgiuzfdb abnhdjdfaöb. Fgjg
te fgbtdjgs dbteragrjebte eh dhjaiöb es ubd jgháfuhd abjebsd pdrd buestrg
dpdrdtg iakestavg, befesatd ser prajerg rejgldig y huekg fgfaig pdrd dsê iesig-
mhdrse eb jgháfuhds jäs pequeôds y pgier ser iakeraig y dmsgrmaig sab keberdr
abnhdjdfaöb ieh abtestabg y ie tgig eh grkdbasjg. Bg se iemeb fgjer ‘dh iebte‚.
Iemeb estdr sunafaebtejebte fgfaigs.

Jufcds vefes, pgr ndhtd ie abngrjdfaöb, fgjprdjgs prgiuftgs ehdmgrdigs pgr

hd abiustrad g cdfejgs bgsgtrgs jasjgs prepdrdfagbes fgb feredhes sghdjebte
‘_]EFGFAIGV‚, igbie hgs feredhes eb fuestaöb (keberdhjebte dvebd, quabgd,
djdrdbtg, jdêz) bg cdb saig rejgldigs ba tdjpgfg fgfaigs ie jdberd fgjphe-
td. Elejphgs ie estg sgb hds krdbghds fgjerfadhes, mdrratds ie feredhes, feredhes
abnhdigs, hefces ie feredhes bg rejgldigs g bg fgfaigs. Es pgr este jgtavg que
te abvatg d prepdrdr eb tu fdsd tus prgpags ehaxares mhdbfgs (hefces veketdhes), tus
krdbghds, tus mdrratds, y YGIG. Eb tu fdsd ehekês tu jdterad prajd, tu jdberd ie
ehdmgrdr tus dhajebtgs,
dhajebtgs, fuaiäs d tu ndjahad
ndjahad y fghdmgräs fgb eh _hdbetd Yaerrd…

Ye sukaerg utahazdr eb eh dkud ie hd fgffaöb ub trgfatg ie dhkd `gjmu ie 6

pgr 6 febtêjetrgs dprgxajdidjebte. Este dhkd pgsee ubd sustdbfad hhdjdid
äfaig khutäjafg que vd d ndfahatdr hd iakestaöb ie hd paeh ie hgs feredhes abtekrdhes
y hekujmres. Gtrg mebenafag ieh usg ieh dhkd `gjmu es hd jaberdhazdfaöb ie hds
prepdrdfagbes.

Hd fäsfdrd ie hgs feredhes abtekrdhes y hd paeh ie hds

hekujmres es juy rafd eb fehuhgsd y bg estdjgs cefcgs
pdrd pgier iakerarhd.

¡DYEBYA!
Eh peidfatg ie dhkd que
saejpre je ves utahazdr eb
eh rejglg bg es ajpresfabia-
mhe. Va hg vds d usdr, iemás
pgber ubg buevg pgrque
pdrte ie sus fgjpgbebtes
se periaergb eb eh dkud
iurdbte eh prgfesg ieh
rejglg. Estg je hg dfdmd
ie ebseôdr Hdurd jaebtrds
te fgbtdjgs tgig. ¡Bubfd
terjabg ie sekuar abfgrpg-
rdbig fgsds buevds!
Hgs seres cujdbgs bg sgjgs vdfds. Fgjg bg sgjgs vdfds bg tebejgs fudtrg
estöjdkgs ba hd ebzajd fehuhdsd que es hd que hes perjate d hds iavabds rujadbtes
fgjer tdbtg pdstg (purd fehuhgsd). Hd fäsfdrd ie hgs feredhes abtekrdhes y hd paeh
ie hds hekujmres es juy rafd eb fehuhgsd. Fgjg bg estdjgs cefcgs pdrd pgier
iakerarhd, se ebhebtefe hd iakestaöb y se abafadb hgs prgfesgs ie putrendffaöb y ner-
jebtdfaöb que bgs keberdb hgs kdses y hd abnhdjdfaöb que sunrajgs fudbig fg-
jebzdjgs d abfgrpgrdr estgs dhajebtgs y bg hg cdfejgs ie hd jdberd diefudid.
Es ajpgrtdbte que uses pgfd dkud pdrd fgfabdr tus feredhes. Hd fdbtaidi ie
dkud que befesatäs abfgrpgrdr taebe que ser hd que eh krdbg ie feredh es fdpdz
ie dmsgrmer eb hd fgffaöb. Va utahazäs jäs dkud ie hd befesdrad eb hd fgffaöb vds
d perier hgs jaberdhes ieh krdbg
krdbg ie feredh. Eb keberdh se utahazdb eb prgjeiag
prgjeiag =
jeiaids ie dkud pgr fdid jeiaid ie feredh.
 

Játgig ie fgffaöb
Hdvdr, rejgldr y ebludkdr hgs feredhes.

Fghgfdr hgs feredhes eb ubd ghhd ie dferg abgxaidmhe/

quarürkafg. _gr fdid jeiaid ie
ie feredh utahazdjgs keberdh-
jebte = jeiaids ie dkud puranafdid. Fghgfdr eb eh dkud ub
trgzg ie dhkd `gjmu ie 6 x 6 fj.
_giás fghgfdr sdh jdrabd g rgsdid eb hd fgffaöb y sa que-
_giás
rás, tdjmaáb, caermds fgjg cglds ie hdureh, sejahhds ie cabg-
lg, dsdnátaid, rgjerg, ub iaebte ie dlg, krdbgs ie pajaebtd,
pdrd sdmgrazdr
sdmgrazdr tus feredhes.
feredhes. Yaebeb prgpaeidies
prgpaeidies mebenafag-
sds pdrd eh prgfesg iakestavg y/g pdrd tu sdhui.

Hhevdr d nuekg nuerte cdstd que rgjpd eh cervgr.

 Dpebds fgjaebzd eh cervgr mdldr hd nuebte ie fdhgr dh

jêbajg y fgfabdr eh taejpg ietdhhdig eb fdid feredh fgb hd
ghhd tdpdid.

Nabdhazdig eh taejpg ie fgffaöb dpdkdr eh nuekg y ieldr

hd ghhd tdpdid iurdbte 4? jabutgs. Va tebás ub ianusgr ie
fgfabd usdhg pdrd hgkrdr ubd jelgr iastramufaöb ieh fdhgr y
jabajazdr hd evdpgrdfaöb ie dkud ie fgffaöb.

Hd fgffaöb iestruye pdrte

pdrte ieh fgbtebaig ie
ie vatdjabds y
ebzajds que pgseeb feredhes y hekujmres, perg resuhtd aj-
presfabiamhe pdrd hd iakestaöb ieh dhjaiöb, eb fdjmag hgs
jaberdhes bg se veb dneftdigs pgr hd tejperdturd ie fgf-
faöb. Hd jdberd ie bg perier babküb butraebte y juhtapha-
fdr hds vatdjabds y hds ebzajds es cdfaebig kerjabdigs,
kerjabdigs, es
iefar, mrgtes. Eb ese fdsg cdstd vdjgs d hgkrdr juhtaphafdr
su fdbtaidi ie butraebtes. Cdy que jebfagbdr que hgs kerja-
bdigs, diejäs ie su ehevdid fgbfebtrdfaöb eb butraebtes,
taebeb sustdbfads que pueieb resuhtdr arratdbtes, pgr esg es
sunafaebte fgbsujarhgs eb pequeôds fdbtaidies. Va düb dsê te
trdeb dhküb tapg ie jdhestdr, pgiás nerjebtdrhgs prepdrdb-
ig reluvehdf (dkud ebzajätafd, exfehebte prgmaötafg).

 Ye fuebtg que eh

rejglg ie hgs fe-
redhes y hekujmres
pueie dfgrtdr ubgs
jabutgs eh taejpg ie
fgffaöb.
 

YAEJ_GV Q _D]YAFUHD]AIDIEV EB EH
]EJGLG Q EB HD FGFFAÖB IE HGV
FE]EDHEV
 Dbtes ie pdsdr d hd iesfrapfaöb ie fdid ubg ie buestrgs pdrtafapdbtes ie este
jdrdvahhgsg trdtdig, te vdjgs d fgbtdr föjg se prepdrdb diefudidjebte pdrd
su jdygr mebenafag.

D^EBD
Drrghhdid, bd g kruesd< se rejgld ie 4= d =9 cs. _drd rejgldr se utahazd pgr
fdid tdzd ie dvebd, jeiad tdzd ie dkud lubtg d ubd fufcdrdid ie jeiag äfaig0
esd dkud huekg bg se iesefcd yd que se terjabd ngrjdbig ubd ‘pdstd‚ ebtre eh
dkud y hd dvebd.
Hd dvebd drrghhdid kruesd pgiás hdvdrhd, fghdrhd, y huekg pgberhd eb rejglg eb
dmubidbte dkud y eh jeiag äfaig. _gr ühtajg fghdrhd buevdjebte.
 Fgjg yd te ialajgs,

4? jabutgs carvaebig. Hd fdbtaidi ie dkud pdrd

Hd dvebd se fgfabd iurdbte 5 d 4? cdy pdêses fgjg
Espdôd eb hgs que
hd fgffaöb vd d iepebier ie hd fgbsastebfad que quaerds pdrd tu prepdrdfaöb
prepdrdfaöb00 bg
es hg jasjg ubd hefce ie dvebd que ub pgstre ie dvebd. Va hd fgffaöb es dh cgrbg cdy dvebd sab khuteb.
iejdbidrä 6? jabutgs< muiabes, kdhhetatds, frgfdbte ie dvebd.

Krdbg ebterg ie dvebd (bg es hg jäs fgjüb ie ver y usdr, perg exaste)< rejg-
ldr =9 cs d 93 cs, huekg iesfdrtdr eh dkud ieh rejglg y fgfabdr eb dkud buevd
iurdbte 9? jabutgs d nuekg jêbajg iespuás ieh prajer cervgr. _dsdigs hgs 9?
jabutgs dpdkdr eh nuekg y ieldr tdpdig 4? jabutgs jäs.

FEMDID
]ejgldr ie =9 cs d 93 cs,
cs, iesfdrtdr huekg eh dkud ie rejglg y fgfabdr eb dkud
buevd iurdbte 9? jabutgs d nuekg jêbajg huekg ie rgjper eh prajer cervgr. _gr
fdid jeiaid ie femdid utahazdjgs 6 ie dkud. _dsdigs hgs 9? jabutgs dpdkdr eh
nuekg y ieldr tdpdig 4? jabutgs jäs.

FEBYEBG
Krdbg ebterg< ]ejgldr =9 d 93 cs, iesfdrtdr huekg eh dkud ie rejglg y fgfabdr
eb dkud buevd iurdbte 9? jabutgs d nuekg jêbajg huekg ie rgjper eh prajer
cervgr. _gr fdid jeiaid ie febtebg utahazdjgs 6 ie dkud. _dsdigs hgs 9? jabu-
tgs dpdkdr hd nuebte ie fdhgr y ieldr tdpdig 4? jabutgs jäs. Dfgridte ieh dhkd
`gjmu…

Y]AKG
Bgs vdjgs d renerar d este iehafdig y fgbtrgversadh feredh jäs diehdbte.
Gggggjjj...
 

Feredhes fgb khuteb

 g
  b
  e
    t
    b
   e
     F

 i  d
   m d
  e
   F

  b  d
  e
   v
   D

  a
  r
k  g
  k 
   Y
 

D]]G\ ABYEK]DH
Hdvdr y ebludkdr.
]ejgldr ie 4= cs d =9 cs. Iesfdrtdr eh dkud ie rejglg y ebludkdr.
Fgfabdr eb dkud buevd. _gr 4 jeiaid ie drrgz sgb = jeiaids
j eiaids ie dkud. _giás
dkrekdrhe dh dkud ie fgffaöb sdh jdrabd g rgsdid, cglds ie hdureh, rgjerg, dlg
u gtrds caermds. Fudbig rgjpe eh cervgr mdldr hd nuebte ie fdhgr dh jêbajg y  Eb tgids sus vdradbtes<
fgfabdr ie =? d 6? jabutgs, cdstd que dmsgrmd eh dkud ie hd fgffaöb. Huekg rglg, sdhvdle, bekrg,
ieldr tdpdig pgr 4? jabutgs pdrd que terjabe ie dmsgrmer eh hêquaig y eh vd- mdsjdta, ydjdba, jgta
pgr que cdydb queidig.
Va düb queid dkud huekg ie este taejpg ie fgffaöb, g sa d vgs te kustd que hgs
krdbgs ie feredh queieb jäs ‘suehtgs/iespekdigs ebtre sê‚, hd pröxajd vez
pgiás prgmdr utahazdr pgr fdid jeiaid ie feredh sghg 4 y ² ie dkud. Eb estg
pdsd jufcg eh ‘d glg‚ que tdbtg iefêd Merta, ja jdjä, pruemd y errgr.

JALG
DFHD]DFAÖB<
Eh jalg fudbig estä fd-
haebte, refaáb cefcg sarve
pdrd ubar prepdrdfagbes.
_giás utahazdr estd vartui
pdrd prepdrdr jdsds, pa-
zzds, cdjmurkuesds, frg-
quetds. Qd te fgbtdrejgs
jäs diehdbte.
Hdvdr y ebludkdr 
]ejgldr ie 4=cs d =9 cs. Iesfdrtdr eh dkud ie rejglg y ebludkdr.
Fgfabdr eb dkud buevd. _gr 4 jeiaid ie jalg vdb = jeiaids ie dkud. _giás
dkrekdrhe dh dkud ie fgffaöb sdh jdrabd g rgsdid, cglds ie hdureh, rgjerg, dlg
u gtrds caermds. Fudbig rgjpe eh cervgr mdldr hd nuebte ie fdhgr dh jêbajg y  
fgfabdr ie 3 d 4= jabutgs, cdstd que dmsgrmd eh dkud ie hd fgffaöb. Huekg
ieldr tdpdig pgr 4? jabutgs pdrd que terjabe ie dmsgrmer eh hêquaig y eh vd-
pgr que cdydb queidig.
Va düb queid dkud
dkud huekg ie este taejpg ie fgffaöb, g sa d vgs te kustd que hgs
krdbgs ie feredh queieb
queieb jäs ‘suehtgs/iespekdigs
‘suehtgs/iespekdigs ebtre sê‚, hd pröxajd vez
pgiás prgmdr utahazdr pgr fdid jeiaid ie feredh sghg 4 y ² ie dkud.

JDÊ\
Cdrabd kruesd g ‘pghebtd‚ (taebe que ser grkäbafd)<
Hd pghebtd prefgfaid< rejgldr 4= cs.   Ve utahazd pgr
pgr fdid tdzd ie pghebtd,
jeiad tdzd ie dkud lubtg d ubd fufcdrdid ie jeiag äfaig0 esd dkud huekg bg
se iesefcd yd que se terjabd ngrjdbig ubd ‘pdstd‚ ebtre eh dkud y hd pghebtd.
Fgfabdr dkrekdbig = tdzds y º ie dkud pgr fdid jeiaid ie pghebtd. Ubd
vez que rgjpe eh cervgr mdldr hd nuebte ie fdhgr dh jêbajg y revghver fgb fu-
fcdrd ie jdierd pdrd evatdr que se ngrjeb krujgs. Yaejpg ie fgffaöb< ie
= d 6 jabutgs.

Va bg es prefgfaid (abstdbtäbed) rejgldr 4=

4= cs. Fgfabdr ie hd jasjd jdberd
que hd dbteragr perg ie 4? d 45 jabutgs.

Krdbg ebterg<
]ejgldr cs, iesfdrtdr
=9 jabutgs
iurdbte 9?  fgb hdhuekg
nuebteehie
dkud iedhrejglg
fdhgr y fgfabdr
jêbajg huekg ieebrgjper
dkud buevd
eh pra-
jer cervgr. _gr fdid jeiaid ie krdbgs ie jdêz utahazdjgs 6 ie dkud. _dsd-
igs hgs 9? jabutgs dpdkdr hd nuebte ie fdhgr y ieldr tdpdig 4? jabutgs jäs.
 

 D  
r  r  
g  
z   
 y    
d  j  
d    
b   
ê       

 D r 
r r 
r g 
g 
z  m 
d  s  
j  
d  t    
a   

 l g
 g
  z   r g
   r
 g
  r  r
   D 

ekr g 
 g
   z  b
g b g 
 r
  D  r

J   J  d 
a    
  l     ê  z 
g   

Feredhes sab khuteb

 

TUABGD
Hdvdr y ebludkdr. Eb eh fdsg ie hd quabgd cdy que hdvdr juy maeb pdrd ehaja-
bdr hd sdpgbabd (sustdbfad bdturdh ie hd phdbtd pdrd ienebierse ie phdkds
que resuhtd perluiafadh pdrd buestrg dpdrdtg iakestavg). _drd esg ebludkd-
jgs maeb ie ; d 3 vefes cdstd que eh dkud se
se ved trdbspdrebte.
trdbspdrebte.
]ejgldr ie 4= d =9 cs.  Iesfdrtd
Iesfdrtdrr eh dkud ie rejglg y ebludkdr. (Utaha
(Utahazdr
zdr
fghdigr ie jdhhd nabatd).
Fgffaöb< 4 jeiaid ie quabgd fgb = jeiaids ie dkud buevd. Fudbig rgj-
pe eh prajer cervgr mdldr dh jêbajg y fgfabdr ie 4? d 45 jabutgs, cdstd que
dmsgrmd eh dkud ie hd fgffaöb. Huekg ieldr tdpdig pgr 4? jabutgs pdrd que
terjabe ie dmsgrmer eh hêquaig y eh vdpgr que cdydb queidig.
queidig.
Va düb queid dkud huekg ie este taejpg ie fgffaöb, g sa d vgs te kustd que hgs
krdbgs ie feredh queieb jäs ‘suehtgs/iespekdigs ebtre sê‚, hd pröxajd vez
pgiás prgmdr utahazdr pgr fdid jeiaid ie feredh sghg 4 y ² ie dkud.
Eb hd fgffaöb ie hd quabgd bg fghgques sdh, hd dmhdbid iejdsadig.

DJD]DBYG
Hdvdr y ebludkdr.
Fgffaöb< 4 jeiaid ie djdrdbtg fgb = jeiaids ie dkud buevd.   Fudbig
rgjpe eh cervgr mdldr dh jêbajg y fgfabdr ie 4? d 45 jabutgs , cdstd que
dmsgrmd eh dkud ie hd fgffaöb. Huekg ieldr tdpdig pgr 4? jabutgs pdrd que
terjabe ie dmsgrmer eh hêquaig y eh vdpgr que cdydb queidig.
queidig.
Eh djdrdbtg dh fgfabdrse keberd ub hêquaig vasfgsg que cdfe que hgs krdbgs
ie djdrdbtg queieb fgjg ‘pekgtedigs‚.
‘pekgtedigs‚. ¡Bg te sdhaö jdh!, es dsê. Ub fhäsafg
errgr, es que iemaig d su iajabutg tdjdôg, eb hds fdsds bdturastds g bekgfags
eb igbie hg vdyds d fgjprdr, vebidb eh djdrdbtg fgjg ubd sejahhd pdrd
dkrekdr fruid eb ebsdhdids u gtrds prepdrdfagbes. Hd fgbsefuebfad serä hd
abnhdjdfaöb. ¡Ieme fgfabdrse pgrque taebe dhjaiöb!

Y]AKG VD]]DFEBG G DHNG]NÖB

Cdrabd bd< se utahazd fgjg fudhquaer cdrabd.
Krdbg pehdig< ]ejgldr =9 cs, iesfdrtdr huekg eh dkud ie rejglg y fgfabdr
eb dkud buevd iurdbte 9? jabutgs d nuekg jêbajg huekg ie rgjper eh pra-
jer cervgr. _gr fdid jeiaid ie krdbgs ie trakg sdrrdfebg utahazdjgs 6 ie
dkud. _dsdigs hgs 9? jabutgs dpdkdr hd nuebte ie fdhgr y ieldr tdpdig 4?
jabutgs jäs.
Krdbg fgb paeh< se utahazd pdrd cdfer mrgtes.
 

_seuigferedhes g
r d 
d b t g 
pghakgbäfeds
 D  jd r  g 

 sd r 
r d 
r d f 
 Y r a kg f e 
r 
e b 
b 
g 

 T u abgd  r g 
g l 
  d 
d 

g d   m h d 
 T u a b d b 
b f 
f d 
d 
 

]epdsejgs...

Ehekar feredhes abtekrdhes. Evatdr hgs rebdigs.

Ehekar feredhes hamres ie khuteb.

Ehekar fgbsujar eh krdbg ebterg y eb fdsg ie fgbsujar su cd-
rabd, fgjprdrhd abtekrdh. Elejphg< es preneramhe fgjer drrgz
abtekrdh fgjg krdbg ebterg, perg sa vgy d fgjprdr cdrabd ie
drrgz, que sed cdrabd ie drrgz abtekrdh.

Evatdr feredhes juy jdbapuhdigs kebátafdjebte< jdêz y trakg

Jdstafdr e absdhavdr fgrreftdjebte< ¡hd iakestaöb jefäbafd sghg

hd redhazdb hgs iaebtes y sghg cdy iaebtes eb hd mgfd! Eb hd
sdhavd tebejgs ebzajds iakestavds pdrd eh dhjaiöb y pdrd hds
krdsds.

FGFFAÖB IE HDV HEKUJM]EV

5.= Hds hekujmres taebeb ub dhtg fgbtebaig ie namrd, eb pdrtafuhdr fehuhgsd. Es esd
paehfatd que pgiás ver y eb fdsgs fgjg eh ie hgs kdrmdbzgs es näfah ie retardr
retardr.. Hgs
seres cujdbgs fdrefejgs ie fehuhdsd, hd ebzajd que iakaere d hd fehuhgsd. Estg
retdrid su iakestaöb. Vaejpre que eh prgfesg iakestavg se fgjphafd y retrdsd, eh
resuhtdig es hd dpdrafaöb ie iastebsaöb dmigjabdh y kdses. Ygig ejpegrd sa d estg
he sujdjgs ubd jafrgmagtd abdiefudid g absunafaebte. ]efgriä que ubd jafrg-
magtd sdhuidmhe es ajpresfabiamhe pdrd ub sdhuidmhe prgfesg iakestavg y que tgig
tu fuerpg nubfagbe maeb.

Hd refgjebidfaöb es fgjebzdr d fgbsujarhds eb pequeôds fdbtaidies, fgrreftd-

jebte fgjmabdids fgb veketdhes (exfeptudbig hd pdpd/ pdtdtd, mdtdtd/ mgbadtg,
fcgfhg, jdbiagfd)0 tdjpgfg iemerêds fgjerhds fgb babküb tapg ie fdrbe.

Es ajpresfabiamhe que estáb sunafaebtejebte rejgldids (ie =9 d 93 cs) y fgfaids

fgb ub trgfatg ie dhkd @gjmu cdstd que estáb taerbds fgjg pdrd dphdstdrhds fgb
tus ieigs fgb ndfahaidi. Ydjmaáb iemes refgridr hd ajpgrtdbfad ie hd jdstafdfaöb
e absdhavdfaöb diefudids pdrd ndfahatdr tu iakestaöb.
 

 jd bt e 
 r g t g  g tg ju b 
  _ g r
e 
  _ g
f d 
f  b k  
 

  b e s
  p  a
   u
    H
 r d i g
   h g
 g
  f  g
 
   g
    t
    g
   r
   g
     _ _ g 
gr  
r    g 
t  
g   
s  
g  
  l     
d  

 g
 t d h
 g  d
uma d 
d 
 g
  r
   _ g

 p e
  t  d
  g
    t
   g
    r
     g
     _

 ld s 
 D  r ve s  K d r  
r  
m d  
b  
z   g  
s  

 e  k  rg
  b
 
   t g
  g
    r
  g
     _

 Hebt e 
e l 
 d 
d   r  
g  
 l     te ld  j d r 
  H e b
d  
r ö  
b 

 b ê
  J d

Hekujmres
 

IDYG 4
_giejgs dkrekdr eb eh dkud ie rejglg ie feredhes y hekujmres, ub trgfatg ie 6
x 6 fj dprgxajdidjebte ie dhkd `gjmu (bg es ajpresfabiamhe),
a jpresfabiamhe), yd cdmhdrejgs
ie ehhd espefênafdjebte fudbig bgs renardjgs d hd fgffaöb ie hgs feredhes y ie
hds hekujmres.

IDYG =
Huekg ieh taejpg espefênafg ie rejglg ie fdid sejahhd, hekujmre, nrutg sefg g
feredh, pgiás fdjmadr eh dkud ieh rejglg y fgbservdr eb hd cehdierd eb este dkud

hajpad que vdsydd sed

iêds), rebgvdr
pdrdfdid
cdferiêd
ubdcdstd
hefceque cdkdsg tu
veketdh ubprepdrdfaöb (bg jäs ie 9
kuasg ie hebtelds.

IDYG 6
Hgs feredhes y hds hekujmres ubd vez rejgldigs pueieb ser nrazdigs cdstd igs
jeses dbtes ie su fgffaöb. Estg te sarve pdrd teber d jdbg tus feredhes y hekuj-
mres yd hastgs pdrd fgfabdr pgr sa te ghvaidste ie cdferhg y hhekds d tu fdsd fgb
kdbds ie fgjer, pgr elejphg, ub sdhtedig ie drrgz abtekrdh fgb veriuratds, y te
ghvaidste ieh pdsg rejglg. Hgs sdfäs ieh nreezer y hgs sujerkês eb hd fdferghd dh
dkud ie hd fgffaöb. Dtebfaöb< nreezdr eb pgrfagbes. Hds ndjgsds mghsatds zaphgf
sgb hamres ie masnebgh D.

IDYG 9
Ubd vez que tebás tu sdhtedig ie drrgz abtekrdh fgb veriuratds fgfabdig, fgjás
hg que quaerds y hg que te sgmrd hg pgiás vghver d nreezdr. Ydjmaáb te iurd igs
jeses dprgxajdidj
dprgxajdidjebte.
ebte.
 

CDMHEJGV IE HD _DVAÖB IE JUHYAYUIEV< 

HDV CD]ABDV

 Ve iebgjabd dsê dh resuhtdig ie hd jghaebid ie tgid

sejahhd, es iefar, pgiejgs teber cdrabds ie feredhes, ie
hekujmres, ie nrutgs y nrutgs sefgs, y ie sejahhds.

Eb eh jerfdig exasteb jufcds vdradbtes ie cdrabds. Ye hds vdjgs d jgstrdr.

Bg tgids sgb sdhuidmhes ba ie buestrd pdrtaid. Hds cdy fgb khuteb y sab khuteb,
renabdids e abtekrdhes.

Ie feredhes renabdigs Fgb khuteb< cdrabd ie dvebd, trakg, femdid, febtebg.

g abtekrdhes Vab khuteb< cdrabd ie drrgz, sgrkg, tenn, jalg, jdêz.

Ie pseuigferedhes g pghakgbäfeds Cdrabd ie quabgd, trakg sdrrdfebg, djdrdbtg.

Ie hekujmres Cdrabd ie kdrmdbzgs, drvelds, hupabes, sgld, jdbê, dhkdrrgmd.

Ie nrutgs Cdrabd ie phätdbg verie, fgfg.

Ie nrutgs sefgs Cdrabd ie dhjebirds.

Ie sejahhds Cdrabd ie fcêd, habg.

Vaejpre que fgbsakds

Eb eh fdsg ie hgs feredhes, iepebiaebig ieh krgsgr ie hd jghaebid vdjgs d eb tu pdês prgfurä ehekar
gmteber ianerebtes prgiuftgs. hd gpfaöb abtekrdh (bg hd
rebdid), pgr su jdygr
Ie jdygr d jebgr krgsgr tebejgs< dpgrte ie butraebtes, pgr-
que ie estd jdberd esta-
Vájghd juhd hd jgtahaidi abtesta-
Cdrabd bdh, jgiuhd hd khufejad y
Náfuhd
es
ieub
hgspremaötafg (dhajebtg
prgmaötafgs).
 

bd  i e 
  b
  C d r a e s  g r    bd  ie  j d 
 r a b
  C d
 k  g   ê  
z 

 d r
  d i
 i e r g z z  a b 
  bt  
t  e 
   k  
  a  b r  
  d  r
d  h   
   C Cd r 
ra 
a b 
  
b d  i   
  i e  habg 
 i
e  

  a  bb d
 d  
 d r
h    
 k   
d   
   C r    
r   
g    
 m      
d     

 abd  i e 
  C d r e  d r  
v   e 
 l  d s  

C d r 
ra  
a  b 
  
 q  uabg d 
  ii e 
e d v 
ve 
e   bd   q  d  d   
  bb d  ii
i    
 d  a
 r  d
  b
e   
    C    a
   r
f  g    
    d
f     

    C
g    

 e  trakg sd r 
  i
 i rr 
r   d 
  b d
df 
 
  a
  r
e  b 
  d g  
   C

  C d rabd  i e   k  
k  
e fe b  d r  m  d  b  
 b d i
  a b
b t  
t  
  d r
e b 
g    Cd r 
r a 
ab 
   d 
b z   
   C
g  
 i   s   
e   
f   
c   
ê    
d  

 Cd r 
ra 
a  b
  d  i  
e  d  
h   
j  
e  b   
i      
r    
d   
s     

Cdrabds
 

NÁFUHDV
Vgb ie< jdêz, jdbiagfd, pdpd.
Hds náfuhds sgb dhtdjebte prgfesdids, renabdids y ie dhtg êbiafe khufájafg.
Estds cdrabds fgbtaebeb hgs jasjgs dbtabutraebtes que hgs feredhes g hekujmres
ie hgs que prgvaebeb. Vaejpre que sed pgsamhe vdjgs d abtebtdr ehajabdrhgs, es
pgr esg que pdrd cdfer pdbes sukerajgs eh sastejd ie ‘jdsd jdire‚.

Va vds d utahazdr
fudhquaer cdrabd
gtrg tapg pdrd cdfer te
ie prepdrdfaöb, jdsd ie tdrtd/ejpdbdids,
sukaerg g pdrd
que hd tebkds tdjmaáb cdfer
eb rejg-
lg, ubds 4= cgrds. Hd fdbtaidi ie dkud serêd jeiad jeiaid ie dkud pgr fdid
jeiaid ie cdrabd y ubd fufcdrdid sgperd ie jeiag äfaig.

]efgriä que<
Fgjg eb eh fdsg ie hds cdrabds
cdr abds bg pgiejgs iesfdrtdr eh dkud
ie rejglg, dhkubgs ie hgs dbtabutraebtes se vdb d iekrdidr y
gtrgs vdb d perjdbefer jgiafdigs perg presebtes. ]efgjeb
]efgjeb--
idjgs jabajazdr eh fgbsujg ie cdrabds y prenerar
prener ar eb hg fgtaiad-
bg eh fgbsujg ie krdbgs y sejahhds ebterds. ¡Idhe kgria! ¡Va yg
puie vgs pgiás!

Va vds d utahazdr cdrabds ie nrutgs sefgs g ie sejahhds te sukaerg

que saejpre hds utahafes eb fruig y refaáb jghaids, pdrd que
bg sunrdb gxaidfaöb que idôdrä huekg d tu grkdbasjg. Qd te
vdjgs d ebseôdr refetds ie tdrtds y tgrtds fruids (rdw).
 

¡BG YGIG HG TUE M]AHHD EV

G]G!

HD D^EBD
Vaejpre pebsá que hd dvebd erd hg jelgr ieh jubig pdrd estdr sdbd. Fgjêd dve-
bd fgb tgig hg que pgiêd, fdhigs, hafudigs, ygkurt, krdbghd… dôgs iesdyubdbig
krdbghd fgb hefce y nrutds. ¡Dôgs fgb abnhdjdfagbes abtestabdhes que bg sdmêd ie
iöbie vebêdb! ¡Q hd fdbtaidi ie dvebd abstdbtäbed fgb espabdfd que he iê d
Jdhebd pdrd frefer sdbd!

Hd dvebd es ub feredh, y pgr hg tdbtg ubd sejahhd.
Fgbtaebe ebtgbfes dbtabutraebtes fgjg yd te fgbtdjgs dh
fgjaebzg. _drd evatdrhg, hg prajerg que tebejgs que cd-
fer fgb hd dvebd es rejgldrhd VAEJ_]E. Hd dvebd bg fgb-
taebe khuteb eb sê jasjd, perg dh ser fuhtavdid eb fdjpgs
ferfdbgs d fuhtavgs ie feredhes fgb khuteb g prgfesdid
eb hgs jasjgs jghabgs, se fgbtdjabd sa bg nuergb tgjd-
igs hgs refduigs befesdrags.. Es pgr esg que eb fdsgs
ie fehadquêd g abtgherdbfad dh khuteb iemejgs fgbsekuar
dvebd que fertanaque que es hamre ie khuteb, ie bg ser dsê
queid exfhuaid ieh phdb ie dhajebtdfaöb.
Hd dvebd ebterd sgb krdbgs seheffagbdigs y pehdigs. Hd
dvebd drrghhdid es eh prgiuftg resuhtdbte ie pdsdr d hgs
krdbgs ie dvebd pgr ubd mreve fgffaöb dh vdpgr, huekg
se pdsdb pgr rgiahhgs que dphdstdb hgs krdbgs iäbighes
ese dspeftg
suhtdbte ie fgpg
ie ese ‘cgluehd‚ g ‘fgpg‚.
hd iavaiajgs ebVeküb
nabd g eh krgsgrdj-
kruesd, re-
mds taebeb eh jasjg vdhgr butrafagbdh, hg que vd d fdj-
madr es hd texturd ieh phdtg que estejgs ehdmgrdbig. Hd
dvebd eb pghvg g cdrabd ie dvebd, es hd dvebd yd sed
kruesd g nabd pdsdid pgr eh prgfesdigr g hafudigrd (yd
sed ie jdberd fdserd g abiustradh).

_gr gtrg hdig, dh ser ub feredh, taebe ubd dhtd fgbfeb-
trdfaöb ie dhjaiöb, jgháfuhd abjebsd, que befesatd ser
fgfaid pdrd que bgsgtrgs pgidjgs iakerar y dmsgrmer sab
sunrar prgfesgs ie abnhdjdfaöb.
Iemejgs refgridr que hds dvebds ie jdrfds fgjerfad-
hes que se vebieb fgjg abstdbtäbeds estäb sajphejeb-
te ‘prefgfaids‚. Hds fgbsujajgs freyebig que esg es
sunafaebte, perg dh bg rejgldrhds vdjgs d estdr abfgrpg-
rdbig dbtabutraebtes y dh bg terjabdr ie fgfabdrhds bg
vdjgs d cdmer iesigmhdig tgtdhjebte dh dhjaiöb.

Krdbgs ie dvebd ebtergs

Dvebd drrghhdid kruesd

Yapgs ie Dvebd drrghhdid bd

dvebd  Cdrabd ie dvebd g dvebd eb pghvg

Dvebd prefgfaid g abstdbtäbed< hd iesdfgbseldjgs

Vdhvdig ie dvebd
 

 d
  b   g
  v e
   r
   e
  d
  e 
    t
  b
   e 
   i
       d
   d
  b     b
 v e bd  abs t 
 D  t d 
db 
  
b
      a
      r
     e
     v
t  ä  
b e      d  
      d 

d        C       e

 
        i
     g
    b
     d
       r

      K

 d   k r uesd 
 k
  r g
  h  h  dd i
 d r rghhd i 
 d d
i d 
d   n a 
a b 
bd 
   d  r
  d 
  v e b
 D    b
  e
    v
    D 

V d h   d
h 
v d 
v di  ie  d v e b
  g
i  

Vdhvdig ie dvebd 
Es eh prgiuftg que queid huekg ieh prgfesg ie rebdjaebtg ieh krdbg ie
dvebd. Es hd fdsfdratd ieh krdbg ie dvebd y fgbtaebe ub dhtêsajg pgrfebtdle ie
mrd. Eh usg nrefuebte ie namrd ‘extrd‚ pueie ser perluiafadh. Dsê fgjg hd esfdsez
ie namrd pueie gfdsagbdr fgbstapdfaöb y ndhtd ie dhajebtg pdrd hds mdfterads mebe-
nafagsds, eh exfesg ie namrd tdjmaáb pueie trder abfgbvebaebtes fgjg abnhdjdfaöb,
espefadhjebte sa düb bg tebás ubd jafrgmagtd equahamrdid. Diejäs pueie ser,ser, eb
pdrte, respgbsdmhe ie kdses, fghgb arratdmhe, träbsatg abtestabdh juy dfeherdig y
jdhd dmsgrfaöb ie butraebtes.

Va fdid tdbtg querás fgjer ubd jahdbesd ie veketdhes (fdhdmdzd, zuffcaba, mereb-
lebds) g ie dhküb tapg ie fdrbe pdstgrah g sdhvdle, pgiás usdr eh sdhvdig ie dvebd
fgjg remgzdigr. Eb este fdsg bg se pueie rejgldr y vd d fgbteber dbtabutraebtes.
Ye sukerajgs que bg sed ubd präftafd fgtaiadbd. _giás fgjer fdid tdbtg ubd
jahdbesd remgzdid eb sdhvdig ie dvebd (saejpre y fudbig bg seds fehêdfg y bg
fgbsakds hd dvebd sab khuteb), perg bg serêd fgbvebaebte que he dkrekues sdhvdig
ie dvebd, ba ie babküb tapg, tgigs hgs iêds d bdid.

Hg
hgsfgrreftg
mrabid hdserêd saejpre fgbsujar
bdturdhezd. dhajebtgs
Ie esd jdberd bgs‘ebtergs‚ es iefarie‚abtekrdhes‚,
dsekurdrejgs fgjg
fgjer sunafaebte
fdbtaidi ie namrd sdhuidmhe, prgvebaebte ie veketdhes, nrutds, sejahhds, nrutgs se-
fgs, y ie hekujmres y feredhes abtekrdhes fgrreftdjebte nerjebtdigs
nerjebtdigs y fgfaigs.
 

EB EVYE Y]DYDIG HE IEFAJGV

FCDU D<

EH Y]AKG< hd pegr ie tgids hds gpfagbes

gpfagbe s
Es eh feredh jäs utahazdig iemaig d que es eh ie jdygr fgbtebaig ie khuteb
hg que ndfahatd hd ehdmgrdfaöb ie prgiuftgs abiustradhazdigs.  Ydh es dsê que eb
dhkubgs pdêses (Drkebtabd ebtre ehhgs), hd abiustrad cd jgianafdig kebátafdjebte Iesdfgbseldjgs su usg,
este krdbg cdstd hgkrdr que tebkd jufcd jdygr fgbfebtrdfaöb ie khuteb que eb eb fudhquaerd ie sus ngr-
hd ápgfd ie buestrgs dmuehgs. jds y vdradbtes, yd que
es juy abdjdtgrag, dher -
¡Va tebás dhkubd pdtghgkêd g sabtgjdtghgkêd dsgfadid dh fgbsujg te hg iesdfgb- kábafg, respgbsdmhe ie
seldjgs fgjphetdjebte! Bg iakds que bg te dvasdjgs...iespuás d hhgrdr d hd iaversds iasnubfagbdhaid-
akhesad. ies ieh abtestabg y ie hd
jafrgmagtd ¡y sujdjebte
Va bg tebás pdtghgkêds ba sabtgjdtghgkêd, perg tu abtebfaöb es cdfer prevebfaöb y diaftavg! Estä jgiafdig
teber ubd vaid phebd y sdhuidmhe, abtebtd fgbsujar fdid vez jebgs. _gr
_gr elejphg, kebátafdjebte.
pgiás restrabkarhg d satudfagbes ie vaid sgfadh übafdjebte.

Krdbgs ebterg

Cdrabd mhdbfd g abtekrdh

Ngrjds y  Yrakg murkgh bg y kruesg (krdbg rebdig, pdrtaig y prefgfaig)

 vdradbtes Vájghd bd g kruesd

ieh trakg Fgus fgus (sájghd rebdid y prefgfaid)

Yrakg fdbiedh (eh jäs utahazdig pdrd hds pdstds)

Espehtd
 

KHUYEB< hd fdusd ieh jdh

Eb hdtêb sakbanafd ‘pekdr‚, ‘dkhutabdr‚. Es abnhdjdtgrag
a bnhdjdtgrag..

Es ubd jgháfuhd ngrjdid pgr igs prgteêbds< hd khadiabd
y hd khutebabd, djmds arratdbtes ie hd pdrei jufgsd ieh
abtestabg iehkdig.
Es hd pdrte prgteafd ieh trakg, perg tdjmaáb hg pgiejgs
ebfgbtrdr eb hd femdid, eh febtebg y pgr fgbtdjabdfaöb
eb fuhtavgs y jghaebid, eb hd dvebd.
Estä dsgfadig d jäs ie 55 pdtghgkêds, prabfapdhjebte
dutgabjubes.
Idôd hd pdrei abtestabdh prgvgfdbig que eh abtestabg pdse
ie sejaperjedmhe d caperperjedmhe, y estg perjate eh
pdsdle ie sustdbfads töxafds d hd sdbkre. Es juy sdbdigr
pdrd estg ja jdrdvahhgsg fdhig
fdhig ie cuesgs.

Es hg que hes id ehdstafaidi y espgblgsaidi d hgs pdbana-
fdigs, estg jgtavö d que hd abiustrad, d trdvás ie hd jd-
bapuhdfaöb kebátafd, cdyd hgkrdig juhtaphafdr pgr 9? hd
fgbfebtrdfaöb ie khuteb que cdy eb eh trakg. Eh dujebtg  
ieh büjerg ie fdsgs ie fehadquêd e abtgherdbfad dh khuteb
estä hakdig d estd jdbapuhdfaöb kebátafd.
Estajuhd hd prgiuffaöb ie jgfg que se rehdfagbd fgb eb-
nerjeidies ieh sastejd respardtgrag.
Dhkubgs ie hgs sêbtgjds que pueie iesebfdiebdr sgb<
abnhdjdfaöb abtestabdh, ighgr dmigjabdh, ighgr ie fdme-
zd, ighgr drtafuhdr y jusfuhdr, fdbsdbfag y ndtakd fröba-
fd, ‘baemhd jebtdh‚, cgrjakuegs, dherkads, fgbstapdfaöb

Fgbtaebe
diaftavg y 45
dh sustdbfads
ehajabdrhg, gpaäfeds, pgr experajebtdjgs
abafadhjebte, estg resuhtd tdb g iadrred.
ubd sebsdfaöb ie dmstabebfad iesdkrdidmhe. Vu pgier
diaftavg es equapdrdmhe dh ieh tdmdfg, eh dhfgcgh y gtrds
irgkds.

EH KHUYEB BG EV UB BUY]AEBYE.
EH KHUYEB BG EV BEFEVD]AG _D]D BDIAE.

VEAYÄB
Eh seatäb es eh prgiuftg que se gmtaebe dh ebludkdr hd cdrabd ie trakg mdlg ub
fcgrrg ie dkud. Ve prgpgbe fgjerfadhjebte fgjg sustatutg vekdbg ie hd fdrbe
pgr su dhtg fgbtebaig eb prgteêbds.

Eh prgfeiajaebtg ie hdvdig vd mdrraebig eh dhjaiöb y nabdhjebte se hgkrd que sghg

queie khuteb purg. Eh resuhtdig es ubd jdsd kras, ehästafd y pekdlgsd, que pdrd
teber sdmgr y drgjd sajahdr d hd fdrbe ieme ser exdkerdidjebte fgbiajebtdid.

Va bg es refgjebidm
refgjebidmhe he pdrd buestrd sdhui fgbsujar trakg pgr su fgbtebaig eb khu-
teb, ¡ajdkabdte hg dhtdjebte perluiafadh que resuhtd eh seatäb, que es khuteb purg!
 

KE]JEB IE Y]AKG
Iebtrg ieh krdbg ie trakg vdjgs d ebfgbtrdr su pdrte jäs butratavd y iehafdid< eh
kerjeb ie trakg. Es extrejdidjebte
extrejdidjebte sebsamhe d hd huz, hd tejperdturd y eh gxêke-
bg, es pgr estg que hd bdturdhezd tdb sdmadjebte hg pgbe iebtrg ieh krdbg y hg
prgteke fgb tgids sus fdpds ie paeh y fäsfdrd. _erg resuhtd que vaebe eh cgjmre,
que quaere kdbdr iaberg
iab erg d fgstd ie tgig y dh jgher eh trakg pdrd gmteber
gmtebe r hd cdrabd,
extrdeb eh kerjeb pgrque dh ebtrdr eb fgbtdftg fgb eh gxêkebg se gxaid y hd cdrabd
se pgbirêd rdbfad... _erg
_erg eh cgjmre eb su dnäb ie hufrg, iefaie bg iesfdrtdr este
kerjeb ie trakg y dhdh extrderhg hg vebie prgjgvaebig sus jdrdvahhgsds vartuies,
vartuies,
que yd bg exasteb. Este kerjeb ie trakg periaö vatdjabds
vatdjabds y ebzajds. Q pdrd fghjg
sus krdsds esebfadhes bg sghg se iestruyergb sabg que diejäs se gxaidrgb.

¡Bg dfgbseldjgs fgbsujarhg!

VDH^DIG IEie rebdr

Es eh prgiuftg que queid huekg Y]AKG eh krdbg ie trakg. Vu namrd es ‘absg-
humhe‚, es iefar bg hd pgiejgs iakerar.
iakerar. Estd namrd taebe ub eneftg estajuhdbte ie hd
jgtahaidi abtestabdh. _gr
_gr este jgtavg iurdbte jufcêsajg taejpg se hg h g utahazö fgjg
nuebte dhajebtdrad ie namrd pdrd trdtdr hd fgbstapdfaöb fröbafd ( esgs pdhatgs nabatgs
ie feredh pdrd tu iesdyubg, esds fufcdrdids ie sdhvdig suehtg que he dkrekäs d
tu ygkurt). ¡Iags jêg!

Eh prgmhejd es que dh bg ser iakeramhe prgiufe abnhdjdfaöb y kdses y pegr düb, dh

ser ubd pdrtêfuhd tdb ianêfah y dkresavd pdrd buestrd jufgsd abtestabdh, pueie hdsta-
jdrhd prgvgfdbig páriaid ie sdbkre gfuhtd eb hd jdterad nefdh. Fgb eh taejpg sa
su fgbsujg es fgbtabug estg pueie prgvgfdr dbejads.

¡Bg dfgbseldjgs fgbsujarhg!


HD VGLD
Hd sgld es ubd hekujmre ie grakeb dsaätafg.
Yaebe ubd dhtd fgbfebtrdfaöb ie prgteêbds< ieh 65 % dh 9?
%. Este es ubg ie hgs jgtavgs pgr hgs que se hd prgpgbe
fgjg dhajebtg que ‘pueie y ieme‚ ngrjdr pdrte ie hd
dhajebtdfaöb,
veketdradbds gespefadhjebte
vekdbds. fudbig se trdtd ie persgbds
Ydjmaáb es rafd eb krdsds gjekd, namrd, vatdjabds ieh
fgjphelg M (exfeptudbig d hd M4=) y jaberdhes.
Iemaig d hd fgjphelaidi ie hd sgld respeftg d su fgjpg-
safaöb quêjafd (dhtg fgbtebaig eb prgteêbds/namrd y dbtabu-
traebtes), suehe resuhtdr sujdjebte abiakestd.
 Dneftd eh nubfagbdjaebtg
nubfagbdjaebtg ie hd khäbiuhd
khäbiuhd targaies<
targaies< prgvgfd
dkrdbidjaebtg
dkrdbidj aebtg ie hd khäbiuhd y supresaöb ie su fgrreftg
nubfagbdjaebtg.
Eb Dsad, iurdbte sakhgs, se fgbsujaö ie ubd jdberd juy
ianerebte d hg que estdjgs cdfaebig cgy eb iêd. Ve uta-
hazdb táfbafds dbfestrdhes ie rejglg y nerjebtdfaöb y eh
resuhtdig sgb prgiuftgs nerjebtdigs ie hd sgld, fgjg
hd sdhsd ie sgld, eh tgnu, eh jasg y eh tejpec. Iurdbte eh
prgfesg ie nerjebtdfaöb krdb pdrte ie estds sustdbfads
perluiafadhes sgb jgianafdids. Vghg sa bgs kdrdbtazdjgs
que hd sgld sed ie prgfeiebfad grkäbafd, estgs prgiuftgs
estdräb hamres ie dkrgtöxafgs fgjg pgr elejphg eh khangsd-
tg que es extrejdidjeb
extrejdidjebte te perluiafadh pdrd buestrd sdhui.
Bg estdjgs prgpgbaebig utahazdr estgs prgiuftgs grkä-
bafgs y nerjebtdigs eb krdbies fdbtaidies g ie jdberd
fgtaiadbd, estdjgs cdmahatdbig su fgbsujg ie jdberd
espgräiafd y bg eb tgigs hgs fdsgs, yd que hd faebfad düb
cgy bg fgbgfe hd sekuraidi ie hds asgnhdvgbds (eströke-
bgs) eb dhtds igsas d hdrkg phdzg.
Hg que bg vd d fdjmadr, sed g bg sed grkäbafd, sed g bg
sed trdbskábafd, es su fgbtebaig eb natgeströkebgs. _gr
este jgtavg bdiae que cdyd tebaig prgmhejds ie sdhui
cgrjgbg iepebiaebtes
iepebiaebtes iemerêd fgbsujar sgld, g prgiuf-
tgs ehdmgrdigs d pdrtar ie hd sgld, g que hd fgbtebkdb eb
pequeôds
Ydjpgfg safdbtaidies
es este ehiebtrg ieiemeb
fdsg se su hastdig ie abkreiaebtes.
fgbsujar dhajebtgs
ie grakeb dbajdh (fdrbes, häftegs, cuevgs), ie dbajdhes
que cdydb saig fradigs fgb dhajebtgs mdhdbfedigs ehd-
mgrdigs d pdrtar ie hd sgld. Ehekê saejpre hds gpfagbes
pdstgrahes g sdhvdles y sa sgb grkäbafds, jufcg jelgr.
Hdjebtdmhejebte hd abiustrad dhajebtdrad utahazd hd sgld
pdrd ehdmgrdr dhajebtgs supuestdjebte sdhuidmhes,
fgjg jahdbesds, lukgs, hefces, mdrratds, texturazdigs, etf.
Va heejgs fgb dtebfaöb hds etaquetds ie hgs prgiuftgs dha-
jebtdrags que se gnrefeb eb eh fgjerfag, bgs vdjgs d
hhevdr hd sgrpresd ie
ie que vdjgs d ebfgbtrdr
ebfgbtrdr sgld iebtrg
iebtrg
ie sus abkreiaebtes mdlg iastabtds iebgjabdfagbes ( pgr
elejphg< hefatabd ie sgld).
Bg refgjebidjgs su fgbsujg pdrd cujdbgs. Ved
fgjg sed< trdbskábafd g bg, grkäbafd g bg.
Eb rehdfaöb d hgs mrgtes ie sgld te fgbtdjgs que eb dhku-
bgs hukdres se cdfeb fgb hgs pgrgtgs jubk y bg fgb hgs
ie sgld, perg fgjg bg sdmejgs exdftdjebte fuäh es eh
grakeb eb eh pdês igbie vavês, te sukerajgs fgbsujar mrg-
tes ie fudhquaer gtrd espefae cdmaebig tdbtgs pdrd ehekar.
Hd sgld taebe
Dbtabutraebtes que pgiejgs ehajabdr g iasjabuar
sa hd utahazdjgs fgrreftdjebte.
Vustdbfads quêjafds töxafds que bg pueieb ser
iestruaids ba ehajabdids.
Cejdkhutababd< sustdbfad que abcame hd dmsgrfaöb
ie gxêkebg eb sdbkre.
Dhtgs bavehes ie Natgeströkebgs
Natgeströkebgs..
Va bg es ie fuhtavg grkäbafg vd d teber dkrgtöxa-
fgs y vd d ser trdbskábafd.

EH JDÊ\
Eh jdêz es ub feredh ie sdmgr hevejebte iuhfe, juy dkrd-
idmhe. Es prgfeiebte ieh fgbtabebte djerafdbg y cgy hd-
jebtdmhejebte es eb keberdh trdbskábafg y fuhtavdig fgb
dkrgtöxafgs juy perluiafadhes pdrd hd sdhui.
Exasteb ie mhdbfg,
fghgrdig, jühtaphesvaghetd,
fghgresbekrg,
y vdraeidies seküb
djdrahhg, hd rekaöb<
jdrröb…
Veküb hd jghaebid cdy sájghd (pghebtd), cdrabd y náfuhd.
Fgjg tgigs hgs feredhes, fdrefe ieh djabgäfaig ‘hasabd‚.
Eh jdêz diejäs es fdrebte tdjmaáb ie ‘traptöndbg‚, dja-
bgäfaig pgr eh fudh iurdbte hds cgrds iaurbds sabtetazd-
jgs sergtgbabd (eh beurgtrdbsjasgr que bgs id sebsdfaöb
ie maebestdr) y d pdrtar ie hd puestd ieh sgh utahazdjgs eh
traptöndbg pdrd sabtetazdr jehdtgbabd (respgbsdmhe ebtre
jufcds gtrds fgsds, ieh iesfdbsg bgfturbg). Es ubd fd-
rebfad ajpgrtdbte yd que tdjmaáb d pdrtar ieh djabgäfaig
traptöndbg se sabtetazd hd badfabd( hd vatdjabd M6) y su iena-
faebfad se fgbgfe
f gbgfe fgjg ‘pehdkrd‚.
Es dstrabkebte d baveh abtestabdh (akudh que eh drrgz mhdbfg).
Fgbfhusaöb<
Va maeb bg fgbtaebe khuteb bg refgjebidjgs su fgbsujg fgtaiadbg.
Va espgräiafdjebte ehekês su fgbsujg gptä pgr krdbgs ebtergs g pghebtd
grkäbafgs.
Yaebe ub dhtg fgbtebaig eb metdfdrgteb
metdfdrgtebgs,
gs, pgr esg su fg-
hgr djdrahhg. Hgs metdfdrgtebgs sgb mebenafagsgs pdrd hd
vastd, hd paeh y hgs puhjgbes. _erg bgsgtrds prenerajgs ehe-
kar hgs cerjgsgs metdfdrgtebgs ie gtrds nuebtes veketdhes
fgjg zdbdcgrad, espabdfd, tgjdte, y jäs.
Ydjmaáb pgsee vatdjabd E y zabf (djmgs dbtagxaidbtes),
fgmre, frgjg y jdbkdbesg.
Abiepebiaebtejebte ie sa es grkäbafg g bg, trdbskábafg
g bg, eh jdêz taebe ubd prgteêbd, hd zeabd, que pueie, eb
dhkubds persgbds, teber ub eneftg abnhdjdtgrag, sajahdr dh
khuteb. _gr
_gr gtrg hdig eh jdêz taebe ub ehevdig êbiafe khu-
fájafg, y su cdrabd, hd pghebtd, fgjg fgjebtdjgs dbtes,
taebe eneftg dstrabkebte< fgbstapd.
Ubd krdb pdrte ie hg que se fuhtavd se utahazd pdrd ehdmg-
rdr eh ldrdme ie jdêz ie dhtd nruftgsd que vds d ebfgbtrdr
mdlg hd dmrevadturd LJDN eb abnabaidi ie prgiuftgs ie
hd abiustrad dhajebtdrad. Vujdjebte perluiafadh prabfapdh
respgbsdmhe ieh cêkdig krdsg.
 

N]UYGV VEFGV Q VEJAHHDV

]efgriä tgig hg que heêste dh abafag ie este trdtdig. ¡Ygids sgb sejahhds!
Dcgrd vdjgs d ieiafdrbgs d hds que se fgjeb fruids< nrutgs sefgs y
sejahhds.

Ygids ehhds taebeb que ser fgjprdids fgb jufcd dtebfaöb< ¡bg vdhe que estáb
tgstdids, sdhdids, jghaids, pdrtaids,
pdrtaids, ba hgs
h gs ndjgsgs jaxes!
Ygids taebeb que ser hdvdids. Hds exfepfagbes sgb hd fcêd, eh habg y hd zdrdkd-
tgbd.
Ygids taebeb que ser dftavdids y fgjg yd jebfagbdjgs eh dkud ie dftavdfaöb
se iesfdrtd, jebgs eb eh fdsg ie hd fcêd, eh habg y zdrdkdtgbd.
]efgriä bg fgbsujar jäs ie igs d hd vez.
Va hds estäs prgmdbig pgr prajerd vez, ejpezä ie d pgfg. Eb eh fdsg ie hds
sejahhds fgjebzä pgr ubd fufcdrdid tdjdôg tá. Huekg pgiás hhekdr d fgb-
sujar ubd fufcdrdid sgperd iadrad ie fdid vdraeidi ie sejahhd eb ianerebtes
jgjebtgs ieh iêd. _drd que bg te fdakdb jdh iemás esperdr
es perdr igs cgrds y jeiad
ebtre fdid abkestd pdrd que tu estöjdkg vuehvd d ndmrafdr hd fdbtaidi ie lukgs
kästrafgs befesdrags pdrd iakerarhds sab ianafuhtdi. Hd fdbtaidi y hd vdraeidi
iadrad vdb d iepebier ie hds befesaidies y ie hd tgherdbfad ie fdid persgbd
eb pdrtafuhdr.

_dsg d pdsg

Hdvdig fgb dkud fgrraebte y vabdkre (fudhquaerd).
 Dftavdfaöb ie 3 d 4= cs eb dkud puranafdid g jaberdh, d
tejperdturd djmaebte, prenerebtejebte fgb eh dkrekdig
ie jeiag äfaig, (ubd jeiaid ieh jeiag äfaig ie tá pgr
fdid tdzd ie dkud ie rejglg).
Gtrds táfbafds ie sefdig sgb< sefdrhds dh sgh sa eh fhajd
estä fähaig y sefg (vd d hhevdr ub pdr ie iêds), g fghgfdr
sgmre ubd estund sa estäs eb abvaerbg.
_drd dhjdfebdrhds, sa estäb iescairdtdids fgb ub cgrbg
iescairdtdigr, y estäb dmsghutdjebte ‘frulaebtes‚, pgiás

Huekg pgiás fgbsujarhds cüjeids (fgjg sbdf`, eb eb- kudridrhds

sdhdids, pgstres, pdrd cdfer hefces, quesgs y ygkures), g
pgiás iescairdtdrhds
iescairdtdrhds sa es que bg te kustdb cüjeids g sa
hds querás dhjdfebdr
dhjdfebdr pgr ub taejpg, g sa hd prepdrdfaöb
que vds d cdfer hds prefasd sefds (elejphgs< rdwjesdb,
krdbghd, frdf`ers).
 Dfä te vdjgs d idr tgids
tgids hds gpfagbes pgsamhes pdrd que
que
hg cdkds. Hg aiedh es teber ub cgrbg iescairdtdigr. Ydj-
maáb pgiás usdr ub cgrbg eháftrafg g pgirêd ser ub cgrbg
d kds, rekuhdbig hd tejperdturd dh jêbajg y ieldbig hd
puertd ebtredmaertd. Hg ajpgrtdbte es que hd tejperdturd
ie sefdig sed ebtre hgs 9= y hgs >? krdigs pdrd bg per-
luiafdr hds krdsds pghaabsdturdids y que te dsekures ie
que cdydb queidig fgjphetdjebte sefds, ie hg fgbtrd-
rag aräb dfujuhdbig cgbkgs y hevdiurds que vds d tdridr
eb perfamar que estäb.
eb ub hukdr eb ub nrdsfg
nresfg, sefg yiegsfurg.
vairag g mghsd zaphgf, saejpre
Va hds sefdste ie hds gtrds jdberds, dhkg ie cujeidi
sekurdjebte hes queiö, ebtgbfes bg hds pgiás kudridr
eb ub ebvdse ferrdig. Jelgr hds pgbás pgr elejphg eb ub
mgwh, pdrd que eh fgbtdftg fgb eh dare hds sakd sefdbig.
Ydjmaáb hg kudrids eb ub hukdr nresfg, sefg y gsfurg. Eb
este fdsg bg dftaves iejdsadid fdbtaidi.
fdbtaidi.
Va tgig estg te pdrefaö fgjphafdiêsajg, huekg ie hdvdrhds
y dftavdrhds hds ebludkäs buevdjebte y hds fgbsujês ia-
reftdjebte. Ydjmaáb hds pgiás kudridr cdstd 9 iêds eb
hd cehdierd eb ub refapaebte fgb dkud puranafdid (bg es
befesdrag que está tdpdig), fdjmaäbighes eh dkud tgigs
hgs iêds.
 

  z  d
 d
   m
  d  r efg
    h  k 
    d  b g
   F    N e

 K a rd sg h h 

Vá s 
s d 
d j 
j  g   
pgh d  b  
 D  jd 
d  e    
  k     
g     
r      

 g 
m hd bf g 
  m g 

  d  j
     á
    s
      V

 g g ce j 
 j j p 
 
  ô d
  F  ä
 D h  
 p a  
s  t   
e  

 _ s y h
 hauj

 ê d
 d
  F  c

  _ a ôgbe s s 
H a 
ab 
  
bg 

Vejahhds krdbies y pequeôds

 

_D]YAFUHD]AIDIEV IE HDV
VEJAHHDV
VEJAHHDV K]DBIEV< kardsgh, fdhdmdzd, paôgbes
Hdvdr,, dftavdr, fgbsujar saejpre eb fruig.
Hdvdr _drd prepdrdfagbes eb hds que se befesatdb sejahhds eb
sefg, fgjg pgr elejphg eh rdwjesdb (sajah quesg pdrje-
Ygids hds pgiás fgjer ebterds, sab jgher, yd que pgr su sdbg, perg veketdh), sa bg tebás iescairdtdigr es prenera-
tdjdôg tus
tus iaebtes hds vdb d rgjper
rgjper y vds d hgkrdr dffe-
dffe- mhe que hds utahafes sab hdvdr ba dftavdr.
ier d sus butraebtes. ¡Esg sê, jdstafdr maeb es fhdve!

VEJAHHDV IE FDHDMD\D
Yaebeb<
Gjekd 6 y >, djabgäfaigs, vatdjabd M1 (äfaig nöhafg), pgtdsag, fgmre, jdkbesag,
fdhfag, caerrg, nösngrg y sgb hd prabfapdh nuebte ie zabf. Ve pueieb usdr
pdrd cdfer hefce
^artuies< veketdh, sujdr fgjg
Vgb dbtagxaidbtes y dbtaabnhdjdtg
dbtaabnhdjdtgrads.
rads. tgppabks eb tus mgwhs
Ndvgrefeb hd sdhui fdriagvdsfuhdr. g ebsdhdids, fgjer
Ngrtdhefeb
Ngrtdhefeb eh sastejd abjubghökafg. fgjg sbdf`.
 Dyuidb d hd sdhui ie hd pröstdtd.
Yaebeb eneftg iaurátafg.
Vgb ajpgrtdbtes pdrd hd sdhui ie tu targaies pgr su fgbtebaig eb zabf.

VEJAHHDV IE KA]DVGH
Hdurd bg hds refgjaebid pgrque sgb juy rafds eb gjekd > que es abnhdjdtgrag,
cdy iejdsadids nuebtes ie gjekd > eb buestrd dhajebtdfaöb, y eh exfesg ie estd
krdsd es sujdjebte perluiafadh pdrd hd sdhui. Bg taebeb bdid que gtrds sejahhds
bg tebkdb tdjmaáb, y sujdr krdsds gjekd > bg es mebenafagsg.
mebenafags g. _erg akudhjebte
te vdjgs d fgbtdr hg que taebeb y sus vartuies.

Yaebeb<
 ^atdjabd E, tadjabd g vatdjabd M4, ramgnhdvabd, badfabd, pgtdsag,
pgtdsag, nösngrg, fdhfag,
jdkbesag, krdsds gjekd 6 y >.

^artuies<
Vgb muebds pdrd hd sdhui ieh feremrg (pdr`absgb, iejebfads,
iejebfads, esfhergsas jühta-
phe, dhzceajer).
_drd hd sdhui ie hgs glgs, pehg, uôds.
 

Vejahhds ie fdhdmdzd y kardsgh

_AÔGBEV
Vgb sejahhds que se vebieb fgjg nrutgs sefgs. Vgb fdrdfterêstafgs ieh jeiaterrd-
beg. Vgb juy rafgs eb prgteêbds veketdhes y krdsds.

Yaebeb<
 Äfaigs krdsgs jgbgabsdturdigs,
jgbgabsdturdigs, pghaabsdturdigs
pghaabsdturdigs y sdturdigs, vatdjabd M4, pgtd-
sag, jdkbesag, nghdtgs y caerrg.

^artuies<
Vgb ütahes pdrd hd drtratas reujdtgaied, hupus, psgradsas
Varveb pdrd hd ebnerjeidi ie Frgcb g hd fghatas uhfergsd.
 Dyuidb d iasjabuar eh fghestergh,
fghestergh, hgs trakhafáraigs.
Vgb muebgs pdrd idr eberkêd.
 

VEJAHHDV _ETUEÔDV< fcêd, habg, sásdjg, fäôdjg,

djdpghd, dhpaste, nebgkrefg, zdrdkdtgbd
Vgb tdb pequeôds y iurds que bg pgiejgs fgbnadr eb
que hd jdstafdfaöb hgkre rgjperhds maeb fgjg pdrd que
pueids iakerarhds fgrreftdjebte dmsgrmaebig sus butraeb-
tes y evatdbig hd abnhdjdfaöb.
abn hdjdfaöb. Ye
Ye refgjaebig
refgjaebi g teber ub jg-
habahhg eháftrafg que te perjate jgher eb ub abstdbte ubd
fdbtaidi pequeôd ie sejahhds. Gtrgs iaspgsatavgs (hafud-
igrd/prgfesdigrd)
igrd/prgfesd igrd) requaereb que fghgques ubd fdbtaidi
jdygr ie sejahhds pdrd hgkrdrhg.
hgkrdrhg. Estg es juy ajpgrtdbte,
pgrque hg aiedh es jgher eb eh jgjebtg eb eh que hds vds
d fgbsujar
fgbsuja r.
¡Bg pgiás fgjprdrhds jghaids, ba jgherhds vgs y dhjd-
febdrhds yd jghaids!
Va estg resuhtd ajpgsamhe
ajpgsamhe eb tu dkebid
dkebid iadrad y bg te pg-
iás grkdbazdr pdrd jgherhds dh jgjebtg ie fgbsujar-
hds, te fuebtg que pgiás kudridrhds yd jghaids cdstd pgr
6 iêds, eb mghsds zaphgf. Fudbig faerres hd mghsd sdfäs
sdfäs
tgig eh dare que pueids ie su abteragr fgjg sa se ferrdrd
dh vdfêg. Va bg pgiás fgbsekuar
fgbsekuar estds mghsatds, kudridhds
kudridhds
eb ub nrdsfg ie vairag fgb tdpd. Hds vds d fgbservdr eb ub
hukdr nrêg y gsfurg< hd cehdierd g eh nreezer.

VÁVDJG
Ye sukerajgs que sa vds d cdfer hefce ie sásdjg hds dftaves sghg = g 6 cs y sa
Dfä vd hd ndjgsd refetd ieh
hds vds d espghvgredr eb ebsdhdids g eb gtrds prepdrdfagbes hd fgbsujds sab
KGJDVAG<
hdvdr ba dftavdr. Va hds dftavdjgs pgr iejdsadids cgrds se vdb d vghver djdr-
kds.
_gber tdh fudh fgjg exphafd eh
pärrdng dbteragr, 4? fufcdrdids
Bg vdhe fgjerhds ebterds< ¡dsê fgjg ebtrdb sdheb!
Hds sejahhds ie sásdjg sgb juy rafds eb fdhfag y jdkbesag, djmgs ajpresfab-
tapg tá ie sásdjg eb ubd sdrtáb
ie dferg g caerrg, lubtg d ubd
iamhes. Hds befesatdjgs tgigs hgs iêds.
fufcdrdid tapg tá ie sdh jdra-
Estds sejahhds sgb hd exfepfaöb d hd rekhd eb vdrags dspeftgs, tdjmaáb hds pg-
bd bd. Ygstäs. Jghás. ¡Cafaste
iás fgfabdr. _giás tgstdrhds ubgs pgfgs jabutgs
jabutgs fgb hd nuebte ie fdhgr dh jê-
kgjdsag! Este es ub fgbiajebtg
fgbiajebtg
bajg eb ubd sdrtáb g fdferghd (sa tebes ub ianusgr pdrd que eh nuekg hes hhekue
trdiafagbdh ie hd fgfabd jd-
ie jdberd jäs sudve y pdreld usdhg). ]evghver perjdbebtej
perjdbebtejebte
ebte fgb fufcdrd
frgmaötafd, aiedh pdrd quaebes
ie jdierd. Ubd vez que fgjaebzdb d hamerdr su iehafagsg drgjd d tgstdig,
dpdkäs, huekg hds jghás y hds usäs fgjg fgbiajebtg. taebeb que sekuar
fgbtrghdid eb sdh.ubd iaetd
Eh tdcaba es hd pdstd ie sejahhds ie sásdjg. Ve pueie cdfer eb fdsd g se fgj-
prd cefcg. Varve pdrd cdfer cujjus y vdrads prepdrdfagbes jäs.

Yaebeb<
 Äfaigs krdsgs esebfadhes, vatdjabd M4, fdhfag, caerrg, fgmre, jdkbesag, jdbkd-
besg y zabf.

^artuies<
¡Vgb juy muebds pdrd hgs cuesgs pgr su krdb dpgrte ie fdhfag y jdkbesag!
Fgbtramuyeb d hd sdhui fdriagvdsfuhdr, pgr su dpgrte ie gjekds y namrd y pgr-
que diejäs ndvgrefeb eh iesfebsg ieh fghestergh.

Kgjdsag
 

FCÊD
 D estds sejahhds bg hds
h ds hdvdjgs pgrque es ajpgsamhe iesefcdr huekg eh dkud
ieh hdvdig, dpebds ebtrdb eb fgbtdftg fgb eh dkud se fgjaebzd d keberdr ub
hêquaig espesg, kehanafdig. Ve hhdjd jufêhdkg, es vasfgsg, exfehebte pdrd hd
sdhui ie buestrg abtestabg. 
Hg aiedh es rejgldrhds ie 3 d 4= cs y se fgbsujeb lubtg d ese jufêhdkg eb
prepdrdfagbes fgjg
tes ie dftavdrhds, ie hghafudigs, pgstres,
fgbtrdrag puiiabks.
se ianafuhtdrä, sgbYetdb
refgjaebig
fcaquatatds jgherhds
que ubd db-
vez
que se ngrjö eh jufêhdkg resuhtdb ianêfahes ie jgher (hd exfepfaöb es que tebkds
ubd hafudigrd juy pgtebte fgjg pgr elejphg Butramuhhet).
Ie estd jdberd sgb juy ütahes pdrd dkahazdr hd jgtahaidi abtestabdh.
Vgb ndjgsds pgr su dhtg fgbtebaig eb gjekd 6, ie cefcg cdstd se vebieb fäp-
suhds fgb su dfeate, eh tejd es que eh gjekd 6 que taebeb pdrd gnreferbgs se
hhdjd ‘DHD‚, es ie grakeb veketdh, y bg es hd ngrjd magquêjafd que utahazdjgs
hgs cujdbgs. Yebejgs que trdbsngrjdrhg eb ‘E_D‚ y ‘ICD‚, y eb ese prgfesg
ie trdbsngrjdfaöb se paerie fdsa tgig (nuerd ie tejd perg fgbgfaábigte y
sdmaebig que se vaebe hd prekubtd, te sukerajgs fgbsujar suphejebtgs ie
gjekd 6 fgb E_D y ICD fdid iêd. Vgb ie dfeate ie pesfdig g ie `rahh y pdrd
hgs vekdbgs cdy ie dhkds, que taebe sghg ICD).

Yaebeb<
Gjekd 6, djabgäfaigs, fdhfag, fgmre, nösngrg, jdkbesag, jdbkdbesg, pgtdsag,
zabf.

^artuies<
Vgb ub dhajebtg juy butratavg y fgb prgpaeidies dbtaabnhdjdtgrads, dbtagxaidb-
dbtagxaidb-
tes y dbtafdbferêkebd
dbtafdbferêkebds.s.
Vu dpgrte ie namrd fgbtramuye d jdbteber hgs vdhgres ie fghestergh eb rdbkg.
Eh jufêhdkg es juy muebg pgrque retrdsd eh dujebtg ie dzüfdr eb sdbkre y
ndvgrefe eh träbsatg abtestabdh.

Vejahhds ie
fcêd sab dftavdr
 

HABG
Estds sejahhds sgb juy sajahdres d hds sejahhds ie fcêd. Ydjmaáb keberdb jufê-
hdkg y tdjmaáb taebeb gjekd 6 veketdh.  _ueieb ser jdrrgbes
jdrrgbes g igrdids.
igrdids. Vu
pdrtafuhdraidi es que sgb juy rafds eb hakbdbgs (dbtafdbferêkebgs,
(dbtafdbferêkebgs, dbtavardhes,
dbtagxaidbtes, rekuhdigres cgrjgbdhes). Vujdjebte ütahes pdrd tgid hd vaid
ie hd juler y eb espefadh eb hd perajebgpdusad y jebgpdusad. Ye refuerig
que tuve fäbfer cgrjgbg iepebiaebte y sê pueig fgbsujar hds sejahhds ie habg.
Estds sejahhds sgb juy rafds eb namrd, ebtre ehhds jufcd fehuhgsd, pgr esg es
juy ütah pdrd jelgrdr hd jgtahaidi abtestabdh, mdrrer eh fghestergh, jgiuhdr hd ¡DYEBYA!
khufejad. Bg fgfabdr fgb eh jufêhdkg
Ye refgridjgs que hd fehuhgsd es ubd namrd fgjpheld que pueie arratdr buestrg ba fgb hds sejahhds ie habg,
abtestabg. Naldte föjg te fde d vgs. D jê je cdfeb juy maeb. Vaejpre tebkg eb prgfeiajaebtg
prgfeiajaeb tg tdb ndjgsg
hd cehdierd jas sejahhds ie habg dftavdids pdrd sujdr d jas hafudigs y mgwhs bgveigsg y utahazdig eb eh
que je iurdb cdstd fudtrg iêds y vuehvg d dftavdr. Ydjmaáb exaste eh dfeate ie vekdbasjg fgjg reejphd-
habg ie prajerd presaöb eb nrêg que ieme ser kudridig eb hd cehdierd, ferrdig, zg ieh cuevg. ]efgriä que
pgrque se pgbe rdbfag pgrque se gxaid juy räpaig nrebte d hd tejperdturd, sgb rafds eb gjekd 6 que
eh gxêkebg y hd huz. Eh dfeate es aiedh eb eh fdsg ie que bg te saebtdb maeb hds se vuehve töxafg dh ebtrdr
sejahhds. Ve fgbsuje ubd fufcdrdiatd tapg tá pgr iêd, es sunafaebte. eb fgbtdftg fgb eh fdhgr.
Ie utahazdrhds, eh jdbelg es akudh que eh ie hds sejahhds ie fcêd.
f cêd.

Yaebeb<
 Äfaigs krdsgs gjekd 6 y >, djabgäfaigs,
djabgäfaigs, namrd, hakbdbgs, vatdjabds ieh krupg M
y E, fdhfag, fgmre, nösngrg, caerrg, pgtdsag, ygig, zabf.

^artuies<
 Diejäs ie tgig hg que yd te fgbtdjgs jäs drramd,
drramd, taebeb prgpaeidies
prgpaeidies dbtaab-
dbtaab-
nhdjdtgrads, dbtagxaidbtes y dbtafdbferêkeb
dbtafdbferêkebds.
ds.
Fgbtramuyeb d jdbteber eh fghestergh eb rdbkg krdfads dh dpgrte ie namrd.
Vgb premaötafgs.
Eh jufêhdkg es juy muebg pgrque retrdsd eh dujebtg ieh dzüfdr eb hd sdbkre
y ndvgrefe eh träbsatg abtestabdh.

FÄÔDJG G CEJ_
Estds sejahhds sgb jdrdvahhgsds perg bg se fgbsakueb eb Yaebeb<
tgigs hgs pdêses. Ve vebieb yd pehdids pgrque su fäsfdrd Krdsds gjekd 6, gjekd >, prgteêbds, namrd, nösngrg, pgtd-
es juy iurd pdrd jdstafdr. Vgb tdb rafds eb butraebtes sag, jdkbesag, caerrg, zabf, vatdjabd E, vatdjabd M6.
que se hds fgbsaierdb superdhajebtgs. Ve extrdeb ie hd
phdbtd ieh fäôdjg (fdbbdmas sdtavd) perg bg taebeb prg- ^artuies<
paeidies bdrfötafds. Usdhds sab jaeig. ¡Eh fäôdjg es eh Vgb dbtaabnhdjdtg
dbtaabnhdjdtgrads.
rads.
ühtajg kratg ie hd jgid! Fghdmgrdb fgb hd dbejad.
Iemaig d su fgbsastebfad tdb taerbd hds pgiás jgher g Varveb pdrd hd sdhui ie hgs cuesgs y pdrd hd sdhui ieh
fgbsujar fgjg vaebeb. Eb keberdh estäb rgtds eb eh pd- fgrdzöb.
quete.  Dyuidb fgb
fgb hd páriaid ie pesg.
Ve pueieb usdr tdbtg pdrd espghvgredr eb ebsdhdids,  Dyuidb fgb
fgb hd jejgrad.
jejgrad.
fgjg ie tgppabk eb ub mgwh, g hds pgiás dkrekdr d hg Vgb prgteftgrds ieh cêkdig.
que quaerds. Vgb muebds pdrd hd namrgjadhkad.
 

DJD_GHD
_rgvaebeb ie hd nhgr ie djdpghd. Estds sgb juy juy juy pequeôatds y juy iurds.
Ajpgsamhes ie jdstafdr pgr esg pdrd pgier dffeier d hd abjebsd fdbtaidi ie
fdhfag que taebeb pdrd mrabidrte hds tebás que fgbsujar sê g sê jghaids y eb sefg.
¡Bg se jgldb!

Vu sdmgr bg
abfgrpgrg esa iaetd
d ja
j juy dkrdidmhe pgr d<
esgjuehg
ie estd jdberd<
jdber dh ser ubd
ubd fufcdrdid
nuebte
fufc vdhagsd
drdid ieôgfdhfag,
tdjd
tdjdôg tá fgbhds
eh
jghabahhg (ajpresfabiamhe pdrd estds fcaquatds) y hds jezfhg fgb ubd fufcdrdid ie
quesg g ygkur veketdh.

Estds dsê fgjg hds ie sásdjg tdjmaáb tgherdb hds dhtds tejperdturds.

Yaebeb<
 Äfaigs krdsgs gjekd 6 y gjekd >, vatdjabds M4, M=, M6, M5, M>, M1 (äfaig nö-
hafg), F y E, jdkbesag, fdhfag, jdbkdbesg, pgtdsag,
pgtdsag, nösngrg, caerrg, zabf y fgmre.

^artuies<
Vgb juy muebds pdrd hd sdhui ieh fgrdzöb.
 Dyuidb d mdldr eh fghestergh
fghestergh y hgs trakhafáraigs.
trakhafáraigs.
Muebds pdrd eh sastejd abjubghökafg.
Juy muebds pdrd hd sdhui ieh sastejd bervagsg.
¡Exfehebtes pdrd hgs cuesgs pgr su dpgrte ie fdhfag!

DH_AVYE
Hd phdbtd ie hd que prgvaebe es ieh káberg ie hds krdjêbeds, perg hg que se utahazd

sgb hds sejahhds.

dubque sá que cdyEstds bg je
jufcds kustdb que
persgbds bdid.
hdsVghg hds pdrd
utahazdb ajdkabg pdrd
cdfer hgsie
hefce pdldratgs
dhpaste
pgrque taebe jufcds mgbidies. Jäs diehdbte eb hd seffaöb ie refetds te hd eb-
seôdjgs.

Yaebe<
Fdrmgcairdtgs,
Fdrmgcairdtgs, namrd, prgteêbds, krdsds, zabf, vatdjabd M4 y M6.

^artuies<
 Dyuid d iasjabuar
iasjabuar eh fghestergh.
 Dyuid fgb hd fehuhatas.
Es iaurátafg.
Muebg pdrd hd sdhui ieh cêkdig, päbfreds y raôgbes.
Yaebe eneftg capgkhufejadbte, aiedh pdrd pdfaebtes fgb iadmetes.
 

NEBGK]EFG
Estds sejahhds eb keberdh sghg se utahazdb pdrd cdfer mrgtes. Ygid hd phdbtd ies-
prebie ub ghgr pgfg dkrdidmhe pdrefaig dh cebg. _erg pdrd dprgvefcdr sus mgb-
idies pgiás cdfer jufêhdkg y jgher hds sejahhds. Ydjmaáb pgiás fgbsujar suphe-
jebtgs eb pghvg ( bg sá sa cdy eb tgigs hgs pdêses).

Yaebe<
Hefatabd (krdsds) y äfaig habgheafg (äfaigs krdsgs), djabgäfaigs, sgb rafds eb fdh-
fag, pgtdsag, sehebag, nösngrg, nhdvgbgaies, pghasdfäraigs, namrd.

^artuies<
Exfehebtes pdrd hd iadmetes y pdrd mdldr eh fghestergh.
Estajuhd hd sefrefaöb ie absuhabd.
_gtebtes
_gtebtes prgpaeidies dbtauhfergsds, dyuid fgb hd dfaiez kästrafd.
 Dujebtd hd jdsd jusfuhdr
jusfuhdr.
Utahazdid pdrd hd hdftdbfad.

\D]DKDYGBD G _VQHHAUJ
_er
_ertebefe
tebefe dh káberg ie hgs hhdbtebes y se utahazd nubidjebtdhjebte
nubidjebtdhjebte pdrd hd fgbsta-
pdfaöb, cejgrrgaies y fghestergh dhtg. _giás cdfer jufêhdkg fgjg fgb hds seja-
hhds ie habg g fcêd pdrd que estg tebkd muebgs resuhtdigs y saejpre fgbsujarhds
fgb sunafaebte dkud.

Yaebe<
Namrds prgiuftgrds
prgiuftgrds ie jufêhdkg y fehuhgsd, drdmabgsd, rdjbgsd,
rdjbgsd, äfaig khutäjafg,
kdhdfturöbafg,
kdhdfturöbafg, habgheafg, habghábafg, pdhjêtafg y esteärafg.

^artuies<
 Dyuid fgb eh estreôajaebtg.
_drd hd iadmetes.
_drd hgs iavertêfuhgs.
 Dyuid fgb eh fghgb arratdmhe, ebnerjeidi ie
ie Frgcb.
Cejgrrgaies.
Varveb pdrd mdldr eh fghestergh.
Idb sebsdfaöb ie sdfaeidi pdrd diehkdzdr.
 

_D]YAFUHD]AIDIEV IE HGV
N]UYGV VEFGV

DHJEBI]DV
Ve pueieb fgjprdr pehdids, sab sus fäsfdrds iurds. Vu paeh gsfurd y kruesd prg-
teke d sus butraebtes, saejpre y fudbig está ebterd, fumraebig tgid hd dhjebird.

Ve dftavdb ie 3 d 4= cs, huekg ieh hdvdig fgb vabdkre.

Va tebás abnhdjdfaöb te refgjaebig fgbsujarhds pehdids, mhdbfds. Eh rejglg nd-

fahatd que se iesprebid hd paeh. Va düb dsê bg pgiás quatdrhd, te sukaerg que hds
pgbkds eb ub mgwh eb dkud cervaid y hds ieles pgr 6? sekubigs. Estg bg es ubd
fgffaöb, bg vd d perluiafdr su vdhgr butrafagbdh, perg te vd d perjatar quatdrhes hd
paeh fgb jufcêsajd ndfahaidi.

Yaebeb<
 ^atdjabd E, magtabd,
magtabd, fdhfag, fgmre,
fgmre, nösngrg, caerrg, jdbkdbesg,
jdbkdbesg, pgtdsag
pgtdsag y zabf.

^artuies<
Vgb dbtagxaidbtes y dhfdhabazdbtes.
Yaebeb jufcg fdhfag.
Ndvgrefeb eh pehg, hds uôds y hd paeh.
Vgb ubd exfehebte nuebte ie prgteêbds.
Bgs dpgrtdb jufcd eberkêd.
Fgbtramuyeb d hd sdhui fdriagvdsfuhdr pgr su dpgrte ie gjekds y namrd.

D^EHHDBDV
Hds dvehhdbds sgb ub jdbldr. Ve pueieb fgjprdr pehdids, sab sus fäsfdrds iurds.
Vu paeh gsfurd y kruesd prgteke d sus butraebtes, saejpre y fudbig está ebterd,
fumraebig tgid hd dhjebird.

Ve dftavdb ie 3 d 4= cs, huekg ieh hdvdig fgb vabdkre.

Yaebeb<
Magtabd, äfaigs krdsgs esebfadhes, fdhfag, jufcg fgmre, nösngrg, jdkbesag, jufcg
jdbkdbesg,, vatdjabds E, D, F, M4, M=, M1 (äfaig nöhafg).
jdbkdbesg

^artuies<
Muebds pdrd ngrtdhefer uôds, pehg y paeh.
_ueieb dyuidr d mdldr eh fghestergh y jelgrdr eh fgbtrgh ie dzüfdr eb sdbkre.
Bgs dpgrtdb jufcd eberkêd.
Fgbtramuyeb d hd sdhui fdriagvdsfuhdr
f driagvdsfuhdr y beurghökafd.
 

 t d  ôd s ie f d 
d l 
 ü
 F d s  cgs
 d f
 t d
 t
  _ a s s

 D h 
hj 
   
j e b 
bi  
 
r  d 
s 

 f e s
  u e
  B

 ô d s
B u e 
e   f d b
f  es  pe
 d
  d
f
 
 t
 d s
t
  F

  r   ä
   d
 e  p
 ô
 s t d 
Fd 
 d s  i
 i

Nrutgs Vefgs
 

FDVYDÔDV
 D ianerebfad ie gtrgs nrutgs sefgs hds fdstdôds sgb rafds eb cairdtgs ie fdrmgbg
(9? %) y pgmres eb krdsds (=%). Vgb eberkátafds, butratavds
butratavds y iehafagsds. Ve pueieb
fgjer cervaids, tgstdids, bg se refgjaebid fgjerhds fruids pgr su fgbtebaig eb
tdbabgs e cairdtgs ie fdrmgbg.

Yaebeb<
Jufcd namrd, vatdjabds M, pgtdsag y caerrg.

^artuies<
_gr su fgbtebaig eb namrd jelgrdb hd jafrgmagtd y estajuhdb eh träbsatg abtesta-
_gr
bdh.
Jelgrdb eh rebiajaebtg abteheftudh pgr su fgbtebaig eb vatdjabds ieh krupg M.

FDVYDÔDV IE FDLÜ
Vgb hgs nrutgs sefgs que jebgr vdhgr butrafagbdh taebeb pdrd Bdid ie fgjerhds tgstdids y fgb sdh. ¡Bdturdhes!
dpgrtdr, pgr su fgjpgsafaöb quêjafd y pgrque pdrd pgier
retardrhds ieh nrutg que hds fgbtaebe eb su abteragr cdb tebaig Yaebeb<
que ser fgfaids d ;? krdigs ie tejperdturd. Fgmre, caerrg, jdkbesag, jdbkdbesg, zabf, ygig, sehebag,
vatdjabds E, M6, M5 y M1.
Vgb juy taerbds y ie texturd ‘frejgsd‚, esg hds cdfe aied-
hes pdrd prepdrdfagbes fgjg quesgs g frejds pdrd pgstres. ^artuies<
_drd estg hg aiedh es prajerg hdvdrhds y huekg rejgldrhds, Yaebeb eneftg capgkhufejadbt
capgkhufejadbte.
e.
dhfdbzd fgb 6 d 9 cs ie rejglg. Eh dkud ieh rejglg refgriä Vgb muebds pdrd eh pehg.
que saejpre se iesfdrtd. Fgbtramuyeb d hd sdhui ösed y beurghökafd.
Ngrtdhefeb
Ngrtdhefeb eh sastejd abjubghökafg.

FDVYDÔDV IE _D]Ä G BUE\ IE M]DVAH

Vu pdrtafuhdraidi es su krdb fgbfebtrdfaöb ie sehebag. Fgb ^artuies<
igs dh iêd es sunafaebte, ¡bg te hds paerids! Diejäs ie jd- Vgb dbtagxaidbtes y dhfdhabazdbtes.
rdvahhgsds sgb exquasatds. D vefes fuestd fgbsekuarhds, eb ese Vgb muebds pdrd jdbteber hgs cuesgs nuertes, hd paeh lg-
fdsg, pgiás reejphdzdrhds pgr = buefes ie pefdb, su dpgrte veb y hd sdhui ie hgs glgs.
ie sehebag es sajahdr. Fgbtramuyeb d hd sdhui fdriagvdsfuhdr y beurghökafd.
 Dpgrtdb jufcd eberkêd.
eberkêd.
Tueidb juy rafds, pafdids, eb hgs mgwhs fgjg tgppabks. Jelgrdb eh sastejd
sa stejd abjubghökafg.
_girêdb reiufar eh raeskg ie pdiefer faertgs fäbferes
Yaebeb< fgjg eh ie jdjd krdfads dh dhtg fgbtebaig ie sehebag.
Vehebag, fgmre, pgtdsag, jdkbesag, nösngrg, äfaig habgheafg,
gjekd >, fdhfag, vatdjabd E.
 

BUEFEV
Yaebeb ubd paeh juy iehkdid, pgr hg tdbtg, pdrd prgteker sus butraebtes ie hgs
ndftgres que pueieb idôdrhgs, se iemeb fgjprdr fgb su fäsfdrd iurd. Ie estd
jdberd evatdjgs nubidjebtdhjebte
nubidjebtdhjebte hd gxaidfaöb ie sus krdsds esebfadhes. Fudb-
ig fgjes ub nrutg sefg y he sebtês ub sdmgr rdbfag, es pgrque lustdjebte sufeiaö
esd gxaidfaöb.

Ubd vez eb tu fdsd, pdrd ndfahatdr tu grkdbazdfaöb

grkdbazdfaöb,, pgiás pehdr vdrads y dhjdfebdr-
hds eb ub nrdsfg ie vairag fgb tdpd, g jelgr düb eb ubd mghsd zaphgf pdrd ehajabdr
eh dare. Hds kudrids eb ub hukdr gsfurg y nresfg. Vaejpre es fgbvebaebte que hds
hdves fgb dkud y vabdkre dbtes ie fgbsujarhds.

_gr sus fdrdfterêstafds quêjafds bg fgbtaebeb tdbtd namrd ba dbtabutraebtes fgjg

gtrgs nrutgs sefgs g sejahhds, dsê que bg es ajpresfabiamhe dftavdrhds, sdhvg que hds
quaerds pdrd dhkubd prepdrdfaöb fgjg pdtás g hefces. Eb ese fdsg hds dftavds ie
3 d 4= cs.

Yaebeb ub dhtg fgbtebaig eb krdsds juy susfeptamhes d hd tejperdturd, bg hds

fgfabes bubfd.

Va hds dftavdste y querás dhjdfebdrhds pgr ub taejpg hds pgies iescairdtdr.

iescairdtdr.

Yaebeb<
Vehebag, nösngrg, jdkbesag, zabf, gjekd 1, vatdjabd E, drkababd, natgesterghes.

^artuies<
 Dujebtdb eh eh fghestergh muebg.
muebg.
Mdldb hgs trakhafáraigs.
 Dbtagxaidbtes.
 Dyuidb d hd sdhui ie hd paeh.
Muebds pdrd hd farfuhdfaöb, drteragsfhergsas.

BUEFEV IE JDFDIDJAD
JDFDIDJAD G DUVY]DHADBDV
Vueheb utahazdrse fgjg sbdf` pgrque sgb fdrds y bg saejpre se ebfuebtrdb. Yaebeb
ub sdmgr juy sudve y exquasatg sajahdr dh fgfg. Vgb eh nrutg sefg jäs rafg eb krd-
sds (;5%), utahazdr fgb jufcd jgierdfaöb. Vgb juy rafds eb Gjekd 1 perg bg es
fgjpdrdmhe dh gjekd 1 ieh dfeate ie ghavd.

Yaebeb<
 Äfaig gheafg Gjekd 1, äfaig pdhjatgheafg (Gjekd ;), äfaig drdquêiafg ( krdsd
sdturdid).

^artuies<
Iemaig d su fdbtaidi ie krdsd, humrafdb eh abtestabg.
Muebds pdrd equahamrdr eh fghestergh jdhg y muebg ( eb fdbtaidies jgierdids).
jgierdids).
 

_AVYDFCGV
Fgjg tgigs hgs nrutgs sefgs sgb ub dhajebtg fgb juy pgfd dkud y jufcd fdb-
taidi ie butraebtes, pgr hg que resuhtd ser ub dhajebtg fgb krdb fdbtaidi ie bu-
traebtes eb pgfg vghujeb. Es rafg eb prgteêbds. ¡Dfgridte que bg vebkdb fgb sdh!
Hdurd bg refgjaebid fgbsujarhgs d iadrag, sueheb fgbteber cgbkgs y hevdiurds
prgiuftgrds ie dnhdtgxabds que sa se dfujuhdb eb tu grkdbasjg pueieb teber
eneftgs juy perluiafadhes, espefadhjebte d baveh cepätafg.
Yaebeb<
Jufcg pgtdsag (=? pastdfcgs equavdheb d hd fdbtaidi ie pgtdsag eb º mdbdbd
pequeôd), jufcg jdkbesag, natgesterghes.

^artuies<
Muebg pdrd hds paerbds cabfcdids.
_drd hd sdhui fdriagvdsfuhdr.
 Dpgrtdb jufcd
jufcd eberkêd (aiedh pdrd hgs
hgs iepgrtastds).
 

_D]YAFUHD]AIDIEV IE HGV
FE]EDHEV
D^EBD
Qd te fgbtdjgs ub jgbtöb dferfd ie ehhd eb hd päkabd 6? ieh trdtdig. 

_rgpaeidies<
 Dpgrtd prgteêbds
prgteêbds y ub dhtg pgrfebtdle
pgrfebtdle ie cairdtgs
cairdtgs ie fdrmgbg.
fdrmgbg.
Es eh feredh jäs rafg eb krdsds sdhuidmhes y jaberdhes.
 Dpgrtd dvebabd, sustdbfad que taebe eneftg seidbte sgmre eh sastejd bervagsg
febtrdh.
 Dpgrtd namrd que
que dyuid d rekuhdr
rekuhdr eh fghestergh y fujphe tdjmaáb hd nubfaöb
nubfaöb ie
‘premaötafg‚. Ydjmaáb
Ydjmaáb fghdmgrd fgb hd jgtahaidi
jgtahaidi abtestabdh.
Es ub dhajebtg aiedh espefadhjebte iurdbte eh peragig ie hd hdftdbfad, yd que
dujebtd hd prgiuffaöb ie hefce jdterbd.
 Diejäs bgs mrabid eberkêd,
eberkêd, vakgr.
vakgr.

FEMDID
_rgpaeidies<
Yaebe jäs hasabd (prgteêbd) y jebgs khuteb que eh trakg.
Ve hd suehe utahazdr pdrd hd ehdmgrdfaöb ie memaids dhfgcöhafds (kab, wcas`y,
fervezd) y sab dhfgcgh (fdná ie jdhtd).
Bg estdjgs juy dfgstujmrdigs d fgbsujar su krdbg. Ubd pebd pgrque es
iehafagsg, taebe ubd texturd y ubd fgbsastebfad juy pdrtafuhdres, y hg pgiejgs
utahazdr pdrd prepdrdr rasgttgs, muiabes, g sajphejebte
sa jphejebte pdrd abfgrpgrdr eb ubd
ebsdhdid.
Es nuebte ie jufcêsajgs jaberdhes< pgtdsag, ngsngrg y jdkbesag (equahamrdb eh
sastejd bervagsg), y krdfads dh sehebag, jdbkdbesg, frgjg, ygig y zabf,vvvvv
(ietgxanafdbte).
Cdy igs tapgs ie krdbgs< femdid jgbidid, que es hd versaöb abtekrdh, hd
aiedh, y femdid perhdid (renabdid).

FEBYEBG
_rgpaeidies<
Eh febtebg fgbtaebe präftafdjebte hgs jasjgs butraebtes que eh trakg, perg dngr-
tubdidjebte jufcg jebgs khuteb, estg hg cdfe jäs sdhuidmhe d hd cgrd ie
ehekar cdrabds abtekrdhes pdrd ehdmgrdr pdbanafdigs, saejpre y fudbig bg seds
fehêdfg ba abtgherdbte dh khuteb.
Lustdjebte pgr teber jebgs khuteb, eh pdb vd d resuhtdr jäs pesdig, jebgs
espgblgsg. Akudhjebte resuhtd ubd exfehebte gpfaöb pdrd ehdmgrdr pdbes ie
jdsd jdire.
_rgpgrfagbd caerrg, frgjg, jdbkdbesg y fgmre, pgr hg que bgs resuhtd revatd-
hazdbte.
_gsee
_g see ub nhdvgbgaie (natgbutraebte) que ndvgrefe hd
h d farfuhdfaöb< hd ‘rut
‘rutabd‚.
abd‚.
Vu fgbtebaig eb namrd jelgrd hd jgtahaidi abtestabdh.
 

Y]AKG
Qd cdmhdjgs jäs que sunafaebte dferfd ie este feredh tdb jghestg eb hd päkabd
6= ieh trdtdig. Ye refgjebidjgs heer eh hamrg ie Idvai _erhjutter ‘Feremrg ie
_db‚, pdrd que terjabes ie fgjprebier fuäb perluiafadh y iesdfgbseldmhe es, eb
tgids sus ngrjds.

D]]G\
_rgpaeidies<
 Drrgz abtekrdh eb tgids
tgids sus vdraeidies<
vdraeidies< ydjdba, jgta, mdsjdta, sdhvdle g bekrg,
rglg.
Eh drrgz abtekrdh grkäbafg taebe hd rehdfaöb aiedh pdrd eh ser cujdbg ie pgtdsag
y sgiag.
Es ub feredh juy drjöbafg y refgjebidmhe.
Vu fgbtebaig ie namrd fghdmgrd fgb eh träbsatg abtestabdh, pgr eh fgbtrdrag, eh
drrgz mhdbfg diejäs ie fdrefer ie vartuies y butraebtes jäs dhhä ieh dhjaiöb,
¡FGBVYA_D! (hg refgjebidjgs sghg eb fdsgs ie iadrred).
Es juy muebg pdrd ehdmgrdr hefces y pdrd eh fgbsujg ie jdires que djd-
jdbtdb.
Fgbtaebe ub mdhdbfe equahamrdig ie djabgäfaigs ie dhtg vdhgr maghökafg.
]esuhtd exfehebte pdrd eh sastejd bervagsg y pdrd hgs raôgbes.
Vu cdrabd abtekrdh es ub mueb reejphdzg pdrd hd cdrabd ie trakg.

 Drrgz ydjdbê,
mdsjdta, rglg
 y bekrg
 

JALG
_rgpaeidies<
Eh jalg es ie tgigs hgs feredhes eh jäs rafg eb jaberdhes.
Fgbtaebe caerrg, fgmre y sahafag< mebenafagsg pdrd eh mdzg, estöjdkg y päbfreds.
Jdkbesag y ngsngrg< mebenafagsg pdrd eh sastejd bervagsg, persgbds fgb teb-
iebfad d hd iepresaöb, g exfatdmahaidi, g trdmdlgs abteheftudhes abtebsgs.
Fghabd< tdjmaáb pdrd trdmdlgs abteheftudhes.
Nhügr y äfaig sahafag< djmgs pdrtafapdb eb hd ngrjdfaöb ieh esjdhte iebtdh,
fdmehhg, uôds y paeh.
_gtdsag, sgiag, jdbkdbesg, zabf, y vatdjabds D y M.
Hefatabd< befesdrad pdrd eh fgrreftg iestabg ie hds krdsds.
Bg fgbtaebe khuteb perg fudbig estä fdhaebte taebe pgier dkhutabdbte krdfads
d su fgbtebaig eb namrd sghumhe. Estg hg cdfe juy ütah y versätah pdrd iastabtds
prepdrdfagbes, tdbtg iuhfes fgjg sdhdids.

VG]KG
_rgpaeidies< 
Es ubd phdbtd ie hd ndjahad ie hds krdjêbeds. Dh akudh que tgigs hgs nrutgs ie
hds krdjêbeds eh dhjaiöb es eh prabfapdh fgjpgbebte ieh krdbg.
Eh sgrkg es rehdtavdjebte mdlg eb prgteêbds.
Bg taebe khuteb.
Bg taebe eh djabgäfaig hasabd dh akudh que tgigs hgs feredhes.
Mdlg fgbtebaig eb krdsds y hds que dpgrtd sgb pghaabsdturdids.
 Dpgrtd zabf, vatdjabds ieh krupg
krupg M (espefadhjebte
(espefadhjebte badfabd).

YENN
_rgpaeidies<
Feredh dutöftgbg ie Etagpêd y Eratred. Hd etajghgkêd ie su bgjmre faebtênafg
Erdkdtgstas ten, ieravd ieh kraekg Ergs (djgr) y dkrgstas (caermd). _gr esg se
iebgjabd tdjmaáb hd caermd ieh djgr.
Es ub krdbg iajabutg que pueie ser ie vdrags fghgres, mhdbfg, rglg, jdrröb,
pdrig, bekrg. Iafeb que hgs krdbgs pakjebtdigs sgb hgs jäs sdmrgsgs.
Bg es ie usg fgjüb perg Etagpêd bg serêd hg que es sab su ‘ablerd‚ que es su
pdb cefcg ie cdrabd ie tenn nerjebtdid.
Yaebe ub êbiafe khufájafg mdlg.
 Dpgrtd jufcd namrd, dhjaiöb (;?%), prgteêbds (44%), krdsds (=,5%), äfaigs
krdsgs esebfadhes, fdhfag, jdkbesag, pgtdsag, caerrg, vatdjabds ieh krupg M
(jebgs M4=), jdbkdbesg, zabf, fgmre.
 

_D]YAFUHD]AIDIEV IE HDV
_GHAKGBÄFEDV
_GHAKGBÄ FEDV G _VEUIGFE]EDHEV
_VEU IGFE]EDHEV

Vgb sajahdres d hgs feredhes, dubque ie jdygr vdhgr butrafagbdh

pgr su fgbtebaig y equahamrag ie butraebtes.

TUABGD Q DJD]DBYG
_rgpaeidies<
Vgb juy sajahdres eb su fgjpgsafaöb quêjafd.
Fgbtaebeb prgteêbds< 43%, (hgs feredhes taebeb 4=%).
_gseeb hasabd y jetagbabd, = djabgäfaigs que hgs feredhes bg taebeb g taebeb
eb
Vgbjuy
rafgspgfd fdbtaidi. caerrg, fdhfag, ngsngrg y vatdjabd E.
eb jaberdhes<
Bg pgseeb khuteb.
Fgbtaebeb ubd muebd fdbtaidi ie vatdjabds ieh fgjphelg M.
Vgb ie fgffaöb räpaid y sdmgr dkrdidmhe.
Vgb sejahhds que taebeb hd pdrtafuhdraidi ie exphgtdr y fgbvertarse eb krdbg
abnhdig (jaba pgfcgfhatgs), hg vds d ver eb hgs fgjerfags. Eh abfgbvebaebte fgb
estg es que he estdrêd ndhtdbig hd ndse ieh rejglg.
Furagsaidi ie hd quabgd< pgiejgs ebfgbtrdr sejahhds djdrahhds, rglds y be-
krds. Hd NDG (Bdfagbes Ubaids) cd iesfratg d hd quabgd fgjg hg jäs ferfdbg
dh dhajebtg aiedh pdrd eh ser cujdbg, pgr su fgbtebaig y equahamrag ie butraeb-
tes.

Y]AKG VD]]DFEBG
_rgpaeidies<
_gsee ubd fäsfdrd gsfurd que se ieme ehajabdr pgrque es juy iurd.
Es rafg eb hasabd (refgriejgs que es ub djabgäfaig abiaspebsdmhe
abiaspebsdmhe pdrd ngrjdr
iastabtds prgteêbds eb buestrg grkdbasjg.)
_gsee rutabd, nhdvgbgaie (natgbutraebte) abiaspebsdmhe pdrd hgs fdpahdres sdbkuê-
begs y dpdrdtg fdriagvdsfuhdr.
]afg eb vatdjabds ieh fgjphelg M, vatdjabd E y fghabd (ngsnghêpaig).
]afg eb jaberdhes< jdkbesag, pgtdsag, caerrg, ngsngrg, jdbkdbesg,
jdbkdbesg, fdhfag, dzu-
nre, sgiag, fhgrg y ygig.
Muebd prgpgrfaöb ie namrd.
_giejgs utahazdr su krdbg ebterg (pehdig pdrd fgfabdr y fgb paeh pdrd mrgtdr),
pdrtaig eb ianerebtes krgsgres (cdrabd y sájghd), g drrghhdig fgjg hd dvebd.
 

_D]YAFUHD]AIDIEV IE HDV
HEKUJM]EV
DHKD]]GMD
Ve trdtd ie ubd cdrabd ie sdmgr iuhfe iemaig d su fgbtebaig ie cairdtgs ie fdr-
mgbg sajphes, juy drgjätafd, ie sdmgr sajahdr dh fdfdg< pgiejgs utahazdrhd eb su
reejphdzg eb fudhquaer tapg ie prepdrdfaöb
prepdrdfaöb.. Cdy mhdbfd y bekrd.

Yaebe< 
Caerrg, fdhfag, jdkbesag, ngsngrg, zabf, sahafag,
sah afag, jdbkdbesg, fgmre, pgtdsag, dpgrtd
vatdjabds (D, M4, =, 6, F y I), krdsds (pgfds) ie muebd fdhaidi, iebtrg ie su fgb-
tebaig prgteafg es pdrtafuhdrjebte rafd eb traptöndbg.

^artuies<
Namrd sghumhe que fghdmgrd fgb hd jgtahaidi abtestabdh y hd reiuffaöb ieh fghes-
tergh.
_gsee tdbabgs< nubfaöb dbtagxaidbte.
Bg fgbtaebe dhjaiöb, y diejäs se iasuehve eb hêquaigs, pgr hg tdbtg pgiejgs
utahazdrhd sab fgffaöb.
Bg fgbtaebe fdneêbd, ba äfaig gxähafg, ba exfesg ie krdsds. Cdrabd ie dhkdrrgmd 

HEBYELDV
Hds hebtelds sgb ub dhajebtg rafg eb prgteêbds veketdhes, aiedh pdrd veketdradbgs
yfaöb
vekdbgs. Fgjg Cdy
ie sdfaeidi. sgb jufcds
ie dmsgrfaöb hebtdque
persgbds y taebeb
bg hds jufcd
pueiebnamrd bgs idb
fgbsujar sebsd-
pgrque hes
prgvgfdb jufcgs kdses. Esperg que te pdse fgjg d jê y que fgb estd jdberd
ie prepdrdrhds te fdakdb juy maeb. Hg ajpgrtdbte tdjmaáb es fgb quá hds vds d
jezfhdr. Hg aiedh es fgbsujarhds fgb veketdhes fgjg espabdfd, cglds veries, pdrd
reiufar su ajpdftg ie dzüfdr. Ydjmaáb, dh ser rafds eb caerrg, cdy que fgbsujarhds
fgb dhkg que dpgrte vatdjabd F< hajöb, perelah, tgjdte. Dubque bg es tdbtg eh
caerrg que trdeb fgjg hds cdmds g hgs kdrmdbzgs g hd sgld.

Hds hebtelds sgb rafds eb purabds y äfaig ürafg, dsê que hds persgbds fgb kgtd y
drtrgsas g drtratas iemeb jgierdr jufcg su fgbsujg.

Yaebe<
Jaberdhes zabf ( dujebtd eh ieseg sexudh), jdkbesag ( pdrd hd sdhui ie hgs cue-
sgs), pgtdsag (pdrd eh fgrdzöb y hgs raôgbes), nösngrg, fdhfag, vatdjabds ieh fgjphe-
lg M (exfeptg M4=), äfaig nöhafg (M 1).
 

_G]GYGV
Veküb igbie vavds, hgs vds d ebfgbtrdr mdlg eh bgjmre ie luiêds, dhumads, nralghes,
cdmafcuehds, ndmes< eb Drkebtabd hgs hhdjdjgs pgrgtgs.

Iebtrg ie hd vdraeidi ie pgrgtgs estäb hgs pgrgtgs pdhhdr, jdbtefd, diu`a, jubk,
sgld, eidjdje (pgrgtg ie sgld abjdiurg), fghgrdig, pgfcds.

Yaebeb<
Cairdtgs ie fdrmgbg fgjphelgs, namrd, prgteêbd, nösngrg, pgtdsag, jdkbesag y fdh-
fag, vatdjabds ieh fgjphelg M.

^artuies<
_gr su fgbtebaig eb namrd dyuidb d rekuhdr eh fghestergh.
_gr
Yaebeb eneftg sdfadbte.
Estajuhdb eh träbsatg abtestabdh.
_grr sus jaberdhes fgbtramuyeb fgb hd sdhui ösed.
_g
_grr su fgbtebaig eb vatdjabds ieh fgjphelg M sgb mebenafagsds pdrd eh sastejd
_g
bervagsg.

KD]MDB\GV
Vgb rafgs eb prgteêbds y espefadhjebte eb cairdtgs ie fdrmgbg ie dmsgrfaöb hebtd.
Ydjmaáb dpgrtdb namrd pgr hg que es ub dhajebtg sdfadbte.

Yaebeb<
 Äfaig nöhafg, vatdjabds
vatdjabds ieh krupg M (exfeptg M4=) que
que butreb eh sastejd bervagsg.
bervagsg.
Hefatabd, krdsd ajpgrtdbte eb eh fgbtrgh ieh fghestergh y hgs trakhafáraigs. Yaebeb
fdhfag, nösngrg, jdkbesag, zabf.

^artuies<
_drd hd sdhui ieh fgrdzöb.
Iasjabuyeb eh fghestergh.
Jelgrdb hd capertebsaöb.

D]^ELDV
D] ^ELDV G KUAVDBYEV
KU AVDBYEV
_drdd dhkubds persgbds pueieb resuhtdr ianêfahes ie iakerar y prgvgfdr nhdtuhebfads.
_dr

Yaebeb<
 ^atdjabds ieh fgjphelg M, sgb espefadhjebte
espefadhjebte rafds
rafds eb pgtdsag, äfaig nöhafg
nöhafg y jdk-
besag. Yaebeb fdhfag y nösngrg, y mdlg fgbtebaig ie krdsds.

^artuies<
Fgjg tgids hds hekujmres idb sebsdfaöb ie sdfaeidi.
 Dyuidb d fgbtrghdr hd khufejad y eh fghestergh.
fghestergh.
Fghdmgrdb fgb eh träbsatg abtestabdh.
Vu fgbtebaig eb äfaig nöhafg y jdbkdbesg hgs cdfe mebenafagsgs pdrd hd sdhui
fdriagvdsfuhdr.
 

CDMDV
Vgb ub dhajebtg juy butratavg presebte eb hds ndjahads cujahies y tdjmaáb eb
dbajdhes. Cdmräs gêig esfufcdr eh renräb ‘eb tgids pdrtes fuefeb cdmds‚. Es ub
renräb que utahazd ub dhajebtg cujahie y juy fgjüb fgjg hds cdmds, pdrd rene-
rarse d que tgids hds persgbds taebeb ieneftgs g iemahaidies, g que eb tgids hds
ndjahads cdy prgmhejds, se fgjeteb errgres, etf.

Yaebeb<
Vgb juy rafds eb prgteêbd y namrd. Fgbtaebeb jebgs cairdtgs que gtrds hekujmres.
 Dpgrtdb tdjmaáb
tdjmaáb jdkbesag,
jdkbesag, fdhfag, caerrg
caerrg y äfaig nöhafg.
nöhafg.

^artuies<
Vu dhtg fgbtebaig eb namrd y mdlg eb cairdtgs cdfe que sedb mebenafagsds
mebenafagsds pdrd
eh fgbtrgh ieh fghestergh y ie hd khufejad.
khufejad.
Yaebeb hd pdrtafuhdraidi ie fgbteber H-Igpd, sustdbfad que resuhtd juy mebe-
nafagsd eb hgs prajergs estdiags ieh Dhzceajer y eh _dr`absgb.
_dr`absgb.

HU_ABEV
 Dh ser rafgs eb sgiag iemeb ser fgbsujaigs fgb jgierdfaöb eb persgbds fgb
abiafdfaöb ie iaetds mdlds eb sgiag. Vgb juy rafgs eb prgteêbds (6>%, jäs que eh
prgjeiag ie hds hekujmres) y namrd.

Yaebeb<
Hefatabd, vatdjabds ieh krupg M, jaberdhes (pgtdsag, fdhfag, jdkbesag, sgiag y cae-
rrg), äfaig khaföhafg, hdurafg, suffêbafg, natafg, gxähafg, fêtrafg y jähafg. Nhdvgbgaies<
metdfdrgtebgs
metdfdrgteb gs y zedxdbtabd, natgesterghes, dhfdhgaies (hupdbabd).

^artuies<
Es juy ütah eb phdbes ie dhajebtdfaöb igbie cdy que rengrzdr eh dpgrte ie
prgteêbds.
Eb pdfaebtes iadmátafgs krdfads d hd hupdbabd y hd trakgbehabd pgsee eneftg ca-
pgkhufejadbte.
_gr su fgbtebaig eb namrd fgbtramuye fgb eh fgbtrgh ieh fghestergh y pgr su fgb-
tebaig eb pgtdsag taebe eneftg iaurátafg.
_gr hd zedxdbtabd y metd fdrgtebgs es exfehebte pdrd hd vastd.
Vu namrd fgbtramuye fgb eh träbsatg abtestabdh y hd sdhui ie hd jafrgmagtd.
 

JDBÊ (FDFDCUD
(FDFDCUDYEV)
YEV)
Iesie eh pubtg ie vastd dhajebtdrag sgb fgbsaierdigs nrutgs sefgs, perg iesie eh
pubtg ie vastd mgtäbafg sgb hekujmres. Vgb pgsamhes dherkábafgs pdrd jufcds
persgbds. _gr ser juy rafgs eb krdsds bg sgb muebgs pdrd tgigs. _gr elejphg hds
persgbds que taebeb prgmhejds ie ndhtd ie mahas, ebnerjgs ieh cêkdig g päbfreds
iehafdig. Hdurd bg hgs refgjaebid pgr su dhtg fgbtebaig ie dfeate gjekd > pgr
ser abnhdjdtgrag. Es jelgr fgbsujarhgs tgstdigs perg sab sdh pdrd pgier iakerarhgs,
perg eb este fdsg perieräb sus vatdjabds.

Fgjg yd te fgbtdjgs dbtes, bgsgtrds bg hgs ehekajgs eb babkubd ie sus ngrjds.

Vueheb estdr fgbtdjabdigs fgb cgbkgs y hevdiurds, prgiuftgres ie dnhdtgxabds
que sa se dfujuhdb eb buestrg grkdbasjg sgb sujdjebte perluiafadhes pdrd hd
sdhui, espefadhjebte hd ieh cêkdig.

Yaebeb<
Juy rafgs eb prgteêbds, krdsds y vatdjabd M. Drkababd, gjekd 6 y >, resverdtrgh,
pgtdsag, nösngrg, caerrg, zabf, fgmre y jdkbesag.

^artuies<
Vgb muebgs pdrd eh sastejd fdriagvdsfuhdr pgr eh resverdtrgh que fgbtaebeb.

DHNDHND
Eh kdbdig fgje dhndhnd y sumsaste krdfads d ehhd. ¡Ajdkabdte hg butratavd que es!
Eb hd dhajebtdfaöb fgbsfaebte se utahazdb jufcg sus kerjabdigs ( mrgtes ) eb hds
ebsdhdids, sgpds, eb hgs drrgfes, pgr ebfajd ie hds prepdrdfagbes. Vgb exfehebtes
pgr su dhtg fgbtebaig eb ebzajds pdrd prepdrdr reluvehdf. Bg se fgfabdb.
Hd dhndhnd fgjg phdbtd
phdbtd jeiafabdh estä fgbtrdabiafdi
fgbtrdabiafdidd eb hd hdftdbfad y eb hds
persgbds que taebeb hupus eratejdtgsg sastájafg.

Yaebe<
 ^atdjabds ieh krupg M ( exfeptg
exfeptg hd M4=), fghabd (kerjabdigs), vatdjabd @, F, D, E,
jdkbesag, nösngrg, fdhfag, jdbkdbesg,
jdbkdbesg, pgtdsag, sehebag, sgiag, sahafag.
saha fag. Dhfdhgaies
(fdbdvdbabd que pueie ser töxafd eb su usg fgbtabudig), sdpgbabds, fdrmgcaird-
fdrmgcaird-
tgs, namrd, krdsds.
krdsds. Äfaigs< jeiafdkábafg,
jeiafdkábafg, fêtrafg, nujärafg, jähafg,
jähafg, gxähafg0 natg-
eströkebgs, prgteêbds, natgesterghes, nhdvgbgaies, ebzajds iakestavds, fujdrabds.

^artuies<
_drd eh fdbsdbfag, iefdajaebtg, dbejad.
 Dyuid d fgjmdtar hgs sêbtgjds ie hd jebgpdusad.
Es dbtacejgrrä
dbtacejgrräkafg.
kafg.
_drd hd sdhui ie hds uôds y eh pehg.
 Dyuid
 Dyuid dh
d dpdrdtg
hd pdreiiakestavg
iieh
akestavg pgr hdseb
estöjdkg ebzajds
fdsgs que fgbtaebe.
fgbtaebe.
ie ühferd (kerjabdigs),), dfaiez g
(kerjabdigs
kdses.
 

FGJMABD
FGJMABDFAGBEV
FAGBEV FG]]EFY
FG]]EFYDV
DV
:
IAKEVYAGBEV FG]]EFYDV

EH JAYG IE HD _]GYEÊBD FGJ_HEYD

Ydbtg hgs feredhes fgjg hds hekujmres fgbtaebeb eb su fgjpgsafaöb prgteêbds. Hds
prgteêbds d su vez se fgjpgbeb ie djabgäfaigs. Dsê fgjg ubd pdrei se fgbs-
truye fgb hdirahhgs, ubd prgteêbd se fgbstruye fgb djabgäfaigs. Hgs befesatdjgs
d tgigs.

Fudbig ub dhajebtg bgs dpgrtd tgigs hgs djabgäfaigs iefajgs que su prgteê-
bd es fgjphetd. Estg sufeie fgb hgs dhajebtgs ieh reabg dbajdh.

Eb hgs dhajebtgs ieh reabg veketdh sueheb ndhtdr g cdmer juy pgfd fdbtaidi ie dh- Fgjg suehe sufeier, cdy
küb djabgäfaig, seküb eh dhajebtg. Hgs feredhes sgb iejdsadig pgmres eb hasabd
ha sabd ub jdrkeb ie tgherdbfad.
(djabgäfaig abiaspebsdmhe pdrd ngrjdr fghäkebg), y hds hekujmres fdrefeb ie _giás jezfhdr 3?% ie
jetagbabd (jühtaphes e abiaspebsdmhes nubfagbes). hekujmres y =?% ie fe-
redhes g vafeversd. Estg
Ie estg surkaö hd aied ie fgjmabdr eb ubd jasjd fgjaid feredhes y hekujmres es ütah eb ieterjabdids
pdrd gmteber dsê hd tdb ndjgsd ‘prgteêbd fgjphetd‚. Eh prgmhejd es que dj- prepdrdfagbes pdrd je-
mgs krupgs taebeb fgjpgsafagbes quêjafds fgjphelds iemaig d hd presebfad ie< lgrdr hd fgbsastebfad bdh.
dhjaiöb, jgháfuhd fgjphafdid ie iakerar0 hds prgteêbds, que befesatdb ub jeiag Va cdfás ubd cdjmurkue-
ie iakestaöb pdrtafuhdr0 y hd namrd, que eb eh fdsg ie hds hekujmres pueie resuhtdr
resuhtdr sd bg se te ubarä sab estd
jdh tgherdid.
se abafadb Hd iakestaöb
prgfesgs se cdfe fgjpheld
ie nerjebtdfaöb y ebtgbfes
y putrendffaöb hebtd, y fgjg
que terjabdb resuhtdig
prgiufaebig hd jezfhd.
hamerdfaöb ie sustdbfads töxafds fgjg kdses y djabds putrendftds. Estg hg sebtajgs
fgjg iastebsaöb dmigjabdh, kdses, sebsdfaöb ie cdmer fgjaig ie jäs.

Hd redhaidi es que bg es befesdrag fgjer eb ubd sghd fgjaid hd prgteêbd fgjphe-

td0 eh grkdbasjg es sdmag. Fdid vez que fgjejgs dhjdfebdjgs hgs djabgäfaigs
que esd fgjaid bgs dpgrtö. Huekg, eb eh jgjebtg eb eh que befesatdjgs ngrjdr
ubd prgteêbd fgjphetd, vdjgs d buestrd ‘reservd‚ ie djabgäfaigs y utahazdjgs hgs
que sedb befesdrags seküb fudh sed hd prgteêbd que befesatäs ndmrafdr (cgrjgbds,
beurgtrdbsjasgres,
beurgtrdbsj asgres, repdrdfaöb ie telaigs, rekeberdfaöb ie fáhuhds,
fáh uhds, etf.).

Hgs pseuigferedhes (quabgd, djdrdbtg y trakg sdrrdfebg) taebeb tgigs hgs dja-
bgäfaigs, es iefar, hd prgteêbd fgjphetd, y sgb jufcg jelgr tgherdigs d baveh
iakestavg que hds hekujmres. _gr
_gr esg es tdb refgjebidmhe su fgbsujg eb phdbes
ie dhajebtdfaöb veketdradbgs g vekdbgs.
 

FGJMABDFAGBEV ABFGB^EBAEBYEV
GY]DV FGJMABDFAGBEV A BFGB^EBAEBYEV
Bg es fgbvebaebte jezfhdr dhajebtgs rafgs eb dhjaiöb
ebtre sê, tdh es eh fdsg que jebfagbdjgs ie feredhes y
hekujmres, perg tdjpgfg iemerêdjgs jezfhdr fgb bab-
kubg ie ehhgs veketdhes rafgs eb dhjaiöb, fgjg sgb hd
pdpd, hd mdtdtd, eh fcgfhg g hd jdbiagfd.
Bg es fgbvebaebte jezfhdr dhajebtgs rafgs eb dhjaiöb
fgb fdrbes ie fudhquaer tapg. Fgjphelazd y ebhebtefe hd
iakestaöb. Estg prgiufe abnhdjdfaöb.
Bg es fgbvebaebte fgbsujar jax ie sejahhds g nrutgs se-
fgs, fdid ubg taebe pdrtafuhdraidies eb su fgjpgsafaöb
quêjafd, y hd jezfhd terjabd fgjg yd ialajgs tdbtds ve-
fes eb iakestagbes fgjphelds y hebtds.
Bg es refgjebidmhe fgbsujar nrutds huekg ieh dhjuerzg
g febd, hd nrutd se iakaere eb pgfgs jabutgs, y sa hd fgb-
sujajgs ferfd ie hd fgjaid hd gmhakdjgs d perjdbefer
eb eh estöjdkg = cs dh jebgs0 es iejdsadig taejpg y
vd d prgiufar hd nerjebtdfaöb ie tgig hg que cdydjgs
fgbsujaig eb esd fgjaid.

Vdmejgs que vds d querer que te iakdjgs hds fdbtaidies ie fdid sejahhd
que pgiás g tebás que fgbsujar dh iêd, perg esg iepebie ie tu sdhui, ie
tu phdb dhajebtafag y ie tus befesaidies… Estg que te iefajgs es dprgxa-
jdidjebte...

Feredhes g hekujmres< 9 fufcdrdids sgperds dh iêd (ebtre hgs igs). 9 fufcd-

rdids ie hekujmres g ie feredhes dh iêd estg equavdhe d ubd cdjmurkuesd ie
hekujmres.

Nrutgs sefgs< ie 3 d 4? ubaidies eb tgtdh dh iêd que equavdheb g ub vdsg ie he-

fce veketdh, g ub ygkur veketdh g igs fufcdrdids sgperds ie ub quesg veketdh.

Vejahhds< ubd fufcdrdid sgperd dprgxajdidjebte ie hds que fdid ubd be-

fesate.
 

UYEBVAHAGV
Cdy dhkubgs utebsahags que pueie ser que bg tebkds
t ebkds düb perg te
vdb d resuhtdr juy ütahes eb tgig eh prgfesdjaebtg ie tus fered-
hes y sejahhds<

Mghsatd pdrd hefces veketdhes (tdjmaáb te pueie servar pdrd

cdfer kerjabdigs).
Mdterêd ie dferg abgxaidmhe g quarürkafg (dhküb ldrratg y ub pdr
ie fdferghds ie iastabtgs tdjdôgs).
Jghabahhg ie fdná.
Fufcdrds ie phästafg y ie jdierd.
Mgtehhds ie vairag fgb tdpd.
]ghhg ie pdpeh ie fgfabd (pdrd tdpdr tus dftavdfagbes).
Hafudigrd (que tebkd jäs ie 4??? wdtts ie pgtebfad).
Jabapajer g juhtaprgfesdigrd.
Fghdigr ie jdhhd bd (dh jebgs =< ubg krdbie y ubg peque-
peque -
ôg).

Mgwhs ie vairag g dferg abgxaidmhe pdrd eh rejglg g dftavdfaöb.

]efapaebtes ie vairag pdrd eh kudridig.
Mghsds zaphgf pdrd eh kudridig (sa maeb sgb ie phästafg, sgb
hamres ie Masnebgh D< iasruptgr cgrjgbdh fdbferêkebg).
Ydmhdd pdrd pafdr (aiedh ie jdierd g mdjmü).
Ydmh
_urafdigr ie dkud.
 

]EFEYDV
_G] HDU]D ^DBBE
^DBBEHHA
HHA

]eeiufdigrd dhajebtafad
Fgdfc eb butrafaöb cghêstafd
Fredigrd ie Jdttabdtd ]estdurdbt
Ebfgbtrdhd d trdvás ie<
Abstdkrdj< Ohdurdvdbbehha
  Ojdttabdtdrestdurdbt
 

HEFCE IE DHJEBI]DV
Abkreiaebtes< _repdrdfaöb<
;? d 4?? kr. ie dhjebirds Hdvdr hds dhjebirds y dftavdr.
4 hatrg ie dkud Iesfdrtdr eh dkud ie hd dftavdfaöb y pgber eb hd
_azfd ie sdh hafudigrd hds dhjebirds.
   Dkrekdr dkud cdstd fgjphetdr eh hatrg, hafudr y fg-
fg -
Gpfagbdhes< hdr.
4 fufcdrdid ie dfeate ie fgfg (Gpfagbdh fgjg Hg que queid ie hds dhjebirds (mdkdzg) kudridrhg
nuebte ie krdsd) pdrd ser utahazdig eb gtrgs prepdrdigs.
4 fufcdrdiatd ie esebfad ie vdabahhd (sghg sa hd usd- Estd hefce iurd 6 iêds dprgxajdidjebte eb hd ce-
jgs pdrd hafudigs g prepdrdfagbes bg sdhdids) hdierd eb mgtehhd ie vairag. Ve pueie fgbsujar sghd
g utahazdr eb hafudigs, mgwhs, etf.

Hefces veketdhes
 

HEFCE IE FGFG HEFCE IE DH_AVYE

Abkreiaebtes< Abkreiaebtes<
4 tdzd ie fgfg rdhhdig > fufcdrdids ie dhpaste pdrd fgbsujg cujdbg
4 hatrg ie dkud 4 hatrg ie dkud puranafdid
Esebfad ie vdabahhd _azfd ie sdh
Ebiuhzdbtes< 9 iätahes g stevad (pueie evatdrse eh ebiuh-
zdbte pdrd huekg ebiuhzdr iareftdjebte fudbig cdfejgs _repdrdfaöb<
hd refetd). Hdvdr hds sejahhds pgr =? jabutgs fgb vabdkre, ebludkdr
_azfd ie sdh Ieldr dftavdr hds sejahhds ie hd bgfce d hd jdôdbd fumraeb-
ighds ie dkud,ebludkdr y vghfdr d hd hafudigrd fgb ub hatrg
_repdrdfaöb< ie dkud.
]ejgldr eh fgfg rdhhdig ubds cgrds (g ie hd bgfce d hd jd- Hafudr fghdr.
ôdbd) Estd hefce iurd 6 iêds eb hd cehdierd.
Fghgfdr eb hd hafudigrd y fgjphetdr fgb 4 hatrg ie dkud tamad.
 Dkrekdr hd esebfad ie vdabahhd, sdh, ebiuhzdbte
ebiuhzdbte d eheffaöb (sa
hd vdjgs d utahazdr pdrd prepdrdfagbes sdhdids
sdhdids bg ebiuhzdr BGYD
ba dkrekdr hd esebfad ie vdabahhd cdstd cdfer eh prepdrdig Estds hefces pueieb utahazdrse pdrd ianerebtes
que iefaidjgs). hafudigs, mgwhs, pdrd cdfer puiiabk, jezfhdrhds
Hafudr y fghdr eb hd mghsatd (eh fghdig que queid eb hd mghsd fgb fdfdg, süper dhajebtgs, cdfer jdtfcd hdtte,
se hhdjd mdkdzg
reutahazdig  y pueie
pdrd tgrtds, kudridrse
jdsds, etf.). eb eh nreezer pdrd ser sgpds…

_UIIABK IE FCÊD FGB

HEFCE ^EKEY
^E KEYDH
DH
Abkreiaebtes<
4 tdzd fcafd ie hefce veketdh
= d 6 fufcdrdids ie sejahhds ie fcêd
Ebiuhzdbte d kustg
4 fufcdrdid ie dräbidbgs iescairdtdigs
4 jdbzdbd rdhhdid
Fdbehd d kustg

_repdrdfaöb<
Fdhebtdr hd hefce d eheffaöb (que bg supere hd tejperdturd
jdte/ieig).
Fghgfdr eb ub mgwh lubtg fgb hds igs fufcdrdids ie fcêd,
revghver cdstd que queie fgjg ubd frejd
 Dkrekdr eh ebiuhzdbte, hgs dräbidbgs, hd jdbzdbd y hd
h d fd-
behd.

Hg pgiás fgbsujar nrêg g fdhebtatg.

 

TUEVG MDVE
Abkreiaebtes<
4 tdzd ie fdstdôds ie fdlü (dbdfdrigs)
4 fufcdrdid ie lukg ie hajöb
 Dkud fdbtaidi
fdbtaidi befesdrad
_azfd ie sdh
=-6 fufcdrdids ie dfeate ie ghavd
_repdrdfaöb<
]ecairdtdr hds fdstdôds ie fdlü (prevag hdvdig) pdrd hgkrdr
ub prepdrdig jäs frejgsg. Hafudr fgb eh restg ie hgs ab-
kreiaebtes. Este quesg ubtdmhe iurd eb hd cehdierd igs/tres
iêds.
Eb fdsg ie querer que bgs iure jäs taejpg, dkrekdrhe relu-
vehdf u gtrg tapg ie prgmaötafg pdrd que nerjebte.

BGYD
D este quesg se he pueie dkrekdr ianerebtes
fgbiajebtgs y dsê jgiafdr su sdmgr (fürfujd,
perelah pafdig, pajaebtd, famguhette, dhmdcdfd,
pajebtöb dcujdig, etf.). Diejäs hg pgiás
cdfer fgb eh mdkdzg ie tus hefces veketdhes.

DIE]E\G FEVD] _D]D

EBVDHDIDV
Abkreiaebtes<
¸ ie tdzd ie sejahhds ie zdpdhhg (ieldr eb rejglg ie hd
bgfce d hd jdôdbd)
4 fufcdrdid ie hevdiurd butrafagbdh
º fufcdrdiatd ie jgstdzd eb pghvg
4 fid ie pghvg ie dhkds jdrabds
4 fufcdrdid ie vabdkre ie jdbzdbd
4 iaebte ie dlg fcafg
º tdzd ie dkud
º ie dfeate ie ghavd
Vdh jdrabd y pajaebtd d kustg

_repdrdfaöb<
_gber tgigs hgs abkreiaebtes eb hd hafudigrd y hafudr cdstd
que queie maeb frejgsg. Vervar sgmre hefcukd rgjdbd, rü-
fuhd, espabdfd, fraghhd, jdbtefd y sa te kustd tgjdtes iesca-
irdtdigs fgrtdigs eb taratds y ubds dfeatubds bekrds.
 

_DBEV IEVCAI]DYDIGV
Abkreiaebtes<
= tdzds ie cdrabd ie dhjebirds (hd cdrabd se prepdrd
jghaebig hgs nrutgs eb eh jgjebtg)
4 tdzd ie cdrabd ie fcêd g habg (sa befesatdjgs jäs he
dkrekdjgs)
= fufcdrdids dh rds ie femghhd iescairdtdid
4 fufcdrdid tdjdôg tá ie dlg eb pghvg Estgs pdbes sgb
Vdh jdrabd g rgsdid d kustg juy butratavgs, bg fgb-
= fufcdrdids ie dfeate ie ghavd taebeb babküb tapg ie
 Dkud fdbtaidi
fdbtaidi befesdrad cdrabd ie trakg, ba hevd-
Caermds nresfds d eheffaöb iurd. Ve cdfeb d mdse
  ie sejahhds, mdkdzg,
Gpfagbdhes< g nrutgs sefgs.
Ygjdtes iescairdtdigs cairdtdigs, dfeatubds bekrds.

_repdrdfaöb<
Jezfhdr tgigs hgs abkreiaebtes sefgs, ar dkrekdbig eh dfeate y
eh dkud,ie
 Djdsdr
 Djdsdr, d pgfg
idrhe y ehie
ngrjd ierestg ie hgspequeôgs
pdbfatgs abkreiaebtes.
g pdb ie jghie.
Hhevdr d cgrbg d hd jebgr tejperdturd que pueids (abneragr
d >?¼) sghg pdrd que se seque hd pdrte ie dnuerd y d juy
mdld tejperdturd yd que sus abkreiaebtes sgb sejahhds.
 

F]DF@E]V
_repdrdfaöb<
Utahazdr hd refetd dbteragr (hd ie _dbes Iescairdtdigs) fgb
jäs hêquaig y hafudr eb hukdr ie jezfhdr.
Fudbig tebejgs hastg eh prepdrdig, que es fgjg ubd sdhsd
mhdbfd espesd, espdrfar fgb espätuhd eb hd dsdierd prevad-
jebte dfeatdid.
Vefdr eb cgrbg d mdld tejperdturd fgb hd puertd dmaertd.
Jdrfdrhds fgb ub fufcahhg huekg ie =? jabutgs ie fgffaöb
pdrd ndfahatdr eh fgrte huekg ie hd fgffaöb.

_DYÁ IE KD]MDB\GV _DYÁ IE HEBYELDV

Abkreiaebtes< Abkreiaebtes<
6 tdzds ie kdrmdbzgs fgfaigs 6 tdzds
tdzds ie hebtelds
hebtelds fgfaids
fgfaids
6 fufcdrdids ie femghhd recgkdid fgb dfeate, sdh, grá- 6 fufcdrdids ie femghhd recgkdid, fgb dfeate, sdh y grá-
kdbg kdbg
5 cglds ie dhmdcdfd nresfd _erelah, 4 puôdig
4 puôdig ie perelah maeb pafdig 6 cglatds ie dhmdcdfd
Vdh jdrabd g rgsdid
4 fufcdrdiatd d kustg
ie fgjabg = fufcdrdids ie cdrabd ie drrgz
= fufcdrdids ie cdrabd drrgz _repdrdfaöb<
Akudh dh pdtá ie kdrmdbzgs, tdjmaáb se he pueie dkrekdr
_repdrdfaöb< ubd fufcdrdiatd ie fgjabg.
Esfurrar juy maeb hgs kdrmdbzgs yd fgfaigs y prgfesdr lubtg
fgb hd femghhd, hd dhmdcdfd y eh perelah.
_gber tgig eb ub mgh y jezfhdr fgb ubd fufcdrdiatd ie fg-
jabg y hd cdrabd.
Fghgfdr eh prepdrdig eb ub jghie ie muiêb prevadjebte
dfeatdig.
Cgrbedr dhreieigr ie 6? jabutgs d mdôg Jdrêd (fgb ubd
nuebte fgb dkud iemdlg ieh jghie pgbejgs eh pdtá).
Ebtamadr, iesjghidr y iefgrdr fgjg bgs kuste.
 

CDJMU]KUEVDV IE
TUABGD FGB ^E]IU]DV
Abkreiaebtes<
6 tdzds ie quabgd fgfaid
= zdbdcgrads pequeôds
4 rdjd ie dpag pequeôg
4 jdbglg ie perelah
4 femghhd jeiadbd
Vdh jdrabd g rgsdid d kustg
4 fufcdrdiatd ie hevdiurd butrafagbdh (gpfagbdh)
4 fufcdrdid ie dfeate ie ghavd

_repdrdfaöb<
Fgfabdr hd quabgd y ieldrhd ebnradr ub pgfg
_refdhebtdr eh cgrbg d 43?¿F.
]ecgkdr zdbdcgrad, dpag, perelah, femghhd, dlg y sdh. Iemeb
queidr peidfatgs pequeôgs ie veriurds pdrd pgier jez-
fhdrhds fgb hd quabgd.
 Dkrekdr hd quabgd y prgfesdr ub pgfg fgb hgs veketdhes re-
cgkdigs pdrd jezfhdr maeb hgs abkreiaebtes.
Cujeieferse hds jdbgs pdrd que bg se pekue eh prepdrd-
ig.
Ngrjdr mghatds y dphdstdrhds pdrd gmteber hd ngrjd ie cdj-
murkuesd.
Fghgfdr hds cdjmurkuesds eb ub jghie dfeatdig fgb dfeate
ie fgfg beutrg g kcee (jdbtefd fhdranafdid)
Cgrbedr cdstd que queieb igrdids. Eb hd jatdi ieh taejpg
idrhds vuehtd pdrd igrdrhds pgr djmgs hdigs.

Fgb estd jasjd Ve pueieb remgzdr _giás utahazdr

prepdrdfaöb fgb cdrabd ie drrgz hgs jasjgs
se pueieb cdfer abtekrdh g sdhvdig abkreiaebtes perg
dhmöbiakds. ie dvebd. vdradr eh feredh.
 

CDJMU]KUEVDV IE
HEBYELDV
Abkreiaebtes<
4 tdzd ie hebtelds.
6 fj ie dhkd `gjmu.
= femghhds fcafds
 Dfeate
 Dlg eb pghvg g nresfg
Fcajafcurra sefg g jezfhd ie caermds (grákdbg, dlê jgha-
ig, pajebtöb, tgjahhg, etf) Ydbtg hds cdjmurkue-
= zdbdcgrads rdhhdids. sds fgjg eh ndhdneh se
=-6 fufcdrdids ie cdrabd ie drrgz pueieb fgbservdr eb eh
nreezer.
_repdrdfaöb< Iurdfaöb = jeses
Fgfabdr hds hebtelds fgjg yd te ebseôdjgs. dprgxajdidjebte.
Fghdrhds y jaxedr.
]ecgkdr hds femghhds fgb sdh y hds caermds (eb Drkebtabd pue-
ie ser fcajafcurra).
Jezfhdr hds femghhds fgb hds hebtelds yd fgfaids, dkrekdr sdh,
dlg eb pghvg, y hd zdbdcgrad rdhhdid.
Jezfhdr tgigs hgs abkreiaebtes lubtg fgb hd cdrabd.
 Drjdr hds cdjmurkuesds,
cdjmurkuesds, jgläbigbg
jgläbigbgss hds jdbgs eb ub mgh
fgb dkud.
 Dfgjgidr eb ub jghie dfeatdig.
Hhevdr d cgrbg iurdbte =? jabutgs.
Fgbsujar fgb ebsdhdids, jdygbesd ie zdbdcgrad, jdygbe-
sd ie pdhtd g sghds.

NDHDNEH IE
I E KD]MDB\GV
Abkreiaebtes<
4 tdzd ie kdrmdbzgs _repdrdfaöb<
_gber eb rejglg pgr 93 cgrds hgs kdrmdbzgs y fgfabdr fgjg
6 fj ie dhkd `gjmu yd te ebseôdjgs. Fghdrhgs y jaxedr.
= femghhds femghhd fcafds
Grákdbg ]ecgkdr hds femghhds y hds zdbdcgrads fgbiajebtdbig sdh,
4 zdbdcgrad rdhhdid grákdbg, perelah y dlg. Jezfhdr fgb hgs kdrmdbzgs yd fgfa-
 Dlg d kustg igs dbtes ie que se ebnrêeb y dkrekdr, buez jgsfdid, sdh y
_erelah pafdig d kustg fgjabg.
Buez jgsfdid, sdh, fgjabg d kustg  Dkrekdr hd cdrabd.
Cdrabd ie drrgz (pueieb ser 4 g = fufcdrdids, estg es Jezfhdr tgigs hgs abkreiaebtes.
pdrd dyuidr d que bg se iesdrjeb).  Drjdr hds dhmöbiakds,
dhmöbiakds, jgläbigbg
jgläbigbgss hds jdbgs eb ub mgh fgb
dkud.
 Dfgjgidr eb ub jghie dfeatdig.

Hhevdr d cgrbg sghdjebte pdrd fdhebtdr.

Fgbsujar fgb ebsdhdids, jdygbesd ie zdbdcgrad, jdygbe-
sd ie pdhtd g sghds.
 

D]E_
D]E_DV
DV IE TUABGD
TU ABGD G IE D]]G\ G IE JALG
Abkreiaebtes< _repdrdfaöb<
4 tdzd ie quabgd g drrgz abtekrdh g jalg Fgfabdr hd quabgd, eh drrgz g eh jalg fgjg yd te
  Vdh jdrabd g rgsdid d kustg ebseôdjgs.
Hevdiurd butrafagbdh 4 fufcdrdid Fudbig está fgfaid jezfhdr fgb eh restg ie hgs ab-
 Dfeate ie fgfg beutrg,
beutrg, fdbtaidi
fdbtaidi befesdrad kreiaebtes.
 Djdsdr fgb hds jdbgs g jaxedr
jaxedr..
Cujeieferse hds jdbgs fgb dkud pdrd que bg se
bgs pekue eh prepdrdig .
Cdfer mghatds y idrhes hd ngrjd ie tgrtahhd fgb hds
Estds tgrtahhds se jdbgs.
pueieb fgbsujar sghds, Fdhebtdr hd sdrtáb g hd phdbfcd dfeatdigs fgb dfea-
fgjg fdbdpás, dfgj- te ie fgfg beutrg g kcee y igrdr hds drepds pgr
pdôdigs fgb jdyg- djmgs hdigs .
besds, kudfdjghes y
quesgs veketdhes.
 

]D[JEVDB
Abkreiaebtes<
4 tdzd ie sejahhds ie zdpdhhg (eb este fdsg hds vdjgs d

utahazdr sab dftavdr)

4 fufcdrdid sgperd ie hevdiurd butrafagbdh
4 fufcdrdiatd tapg fdná ie furfujd
Vdh jdrabd g rgsdid
_ajaebtd

_repdrdfaöb<
_rgfesdr tgigs hgs abkreiaebtes fgb jabapajer g prgfesdig-
rd.
Fgbservdr eb nrdsfg ie vairag g mghsd zaphgf eb cehdierd.

VDHVD MHDBFD IE CUJJUV

D]]G\ ABYEK]DH _hdtg ehdmgrdig d mdse ie purá ie kdrmdbzgs y iastabtds es-
pefaes seküb eh hukdr. Juy pgpuhdr eb tgig Jeiag Graebte.
Abkreiaebtes<
= tdzds ie drrgz abtekrdh fgfaig Abkreiaebtes<
= y º tdzds ie fdhig ie veriurds Kdrmdbzgs fgfaigs =?? k (ieldr eb rejglg).
Kdrmdbzgs
Ubd pazfd ie buez jgsfdid Cervar fgb ub peidfatg ie dhkd `gjmu.
4 fufcdrdid ie dfeate ie ghavd g fgfg
4 iaebte ie dlg Iaebtes>?iejh
 Dkud jdlg
h =
4 fufcdrdiatd ie sdh jdrabd g rgsdid Lukg ie jeiag hajöb
= fufcdrdids ie femghhd recgkdid fgb grákdbg Vásdjg fruig g tdcaba, 4 fufcdrdid sgperd
Fürfujd 4/= fufcdrdiatd
_repdrdfaöb< Vdh 4/= fufcdrdiatd
_repdrdr g teber yd hastg ub fdhig ie veriurds.  Dfeate ie ghavd extrd
extrd varkeb 6 fufcdrdids
fufcdrdids
Hafudr tgigs hgs abkreiaebtes cdstd gmteber ubd frejd. Eh
pubtg ie espesgr hg idrä fdid ubg, seküb dkrekue jäs fe- _drd iefgrdr<
redh g jäs fdhig. Ve ieme prepdrdr fgb eh drrgz y eh fdhig _ajebtöb iuhfe, pajaebtd bekrd, dfeate ie ghavd
fdhaebte pdrd que queie ubd sdhsd maeb cgjgkábed.
 ^ghfdr sgmre veketdhes dh vdpgr, g fgjg sdhsd mhdbfd pdrd _repdrdfaöb<
drramd ie dhkubd pazzd g sajphejebte fgjg ubd sgpd frejd Ve traturdb tgigs hgs abkreiaebtes eb mdtaigrd, juhtaprgfesd-
juhtaprgfesd-
ie feredhes. igrd g hg que tebkds, se he dkrekd jufcg DJG] y hastg.
Hg pgiás servar fgb taratds ie pepabg, dpag y zdbdcgrad
zdbdcgrad..

VDHYEDIG IE TUABGD Q
VDHYEDIG
^E]IU]DV
Abkreiaebtes<
=??k ie quêbgd
6 tards ie puerrg
º jgrröb rglg g djdrahhg
4 zuffcaba krdbie g =
9 fcdjpaôgbes
 Dfeate ie ghavd d kustg, vds vaebig
4 fufcdrdid ie dfeate ie fgfg beutrg
4 fufcdrdiatd ie fürfujd
Vdh ieh Cajdhdyd g jdrabd d kustg
_ajaebtd d kustg
º ieig ie dhkd `gjmu
EBVDHDID ME]YA IE
HEBYELDV
 Dfgridte ie ieldr hds hebtelds eb rejglg ie
ie 4= d =9 cs fgb
ub peidfatg ie dhkd `gjmu. Dfgridte tdjmaáb que hds tebás
que fgbiajebtdr fgb hajöb pdrd que se te nale eh caerrg.
Abkreiaebtes<
4 tdzd ie hebtelds
_erelah pafdig
º Femghhd jgrdid pafdid fcaquatatd
_repdrdfaöb<
Cervar hds hebtelds (tgig eh prgfeiajaebtg fgjg yd te ebse-
ôdjgs)
Ieldr ebnradr y dkrekdr perelah pafdig y femghhd jgrdid pa-
fdid maeb fcaquatd.
Fgbiajebtdr fgb sdh ieh Cajdhdyd g jdrabd, dfeate ie ghavd
grkäbafg y mdstdbte hajöb.
Estd refetd es
ie hd jdjä
ie Jdrabd
_repdrdfaöb<
Hdvdr juy maeb hd quêbgd fgjg yd te ebseôdjgs y ieldr eb
rejglg.
Cervar fgjg yd te ebseôdjgs.
Jaebtrds, vds d pgber ubd fufcdrdid ie dfeate ie fgfg beu-
trg eb hd sdrtáb fgb eh puerrg y eh jgrröb d nuekg hebtg.
Fudbig se fgfabö ub pgfg, dkrekdr eh zuffcaba eb rgidlds
nabds y hgs fcdjpaôgbes (pueieb ser pgrtgmehhgs, kêrkghds,
scaatd`e).
Ve fgfabd ub rdtg d nuekg hebtg, se dkrekd hd sdh y hd pajaeb-
td.
Fudbig estä hastg se jezfhd tgig fgb hd quêbgd.
Ve dkrekd dfeate ie ghavd, ubd fufcdrdiatd ie fürfujd, ju-
fcg DJG] y d hd jesd.
 

NDABÄ
Abkreiaebtes<
6?? kr ie cdrabd ie kdrmdbzgs
>?? jh ie dkud nahtrdid tamad
6 fufcdrdids ie dfeate ie ghavd
Vdh jdrabd g rgsdid y pajaebtd bekrd d kustg

_repdrdfaöb<
Jezfhdr hd cdrabd ie kdrmdbzg
kdrmdbzgs, s, sdh y pajaebtd bekrd.
 Dkrekdr eh dkud tamad y eh dfeate rejgvaebig fgb fgb mdtaigr
pdrd que bg se cdkdb krujgs.
Hd jdsd ieme estdr hêquaid perg dh jasjg taejpg fgbsas-
tebte.
Ieldr repgsdr
repgsdr iurdbte 45/=? jabutgs
jabutgs
Ebfebier eh cgrbg d =?? krdigs.
 Dfeatdr ub jghie ie 6? fj ie iaäjetrg y hhevdrhg dh cgrbg
pdrd que se fdhaebte iurdbte 4? jabutgs. ]etardr y vghfdr eh
prepdrdig ie hd ndabd.
Cgrbedr iurdbte =? jabutgs cdstd igrdr.

AJ_G]YDBYE
BG YE GH^AIEV IE FDHEBYD] EH JGHIE
_]E^ADJEBYE DFEAYDIG, ie bg cdferhg se
iafuhtd iesjghidr hd ndabä.

KUAVG IE HEBYELDV
Abkreiaebtes< _repdrdfaöb<
= femghhds krdbies fgrtdids eb fumatgs Hdvdr hds hebtelds y pgberhds eb rejglg ie =9 d 93 cs.
= zdbdcgrads krdbies Fgrtdr tgids hds veriurds eb fumgs pequeôgs fgjebzdbig
º zdpdhhg pgr hds femghhds y vghfdrhds eb ubd fdferghd fgb ub pgfg ie
= zdpdhhatgs dfeate pdrd igrdr fgbiajebtdbig fgb ub pgfg ie sdh.
= puerrgs  Dkrekdr hds hebtelds quatdbig eh dkud
dkud ieh rejglg
rejglg prevadjeb-
>?? kr ie hebtelds te y hds 5 tdzds ie dkud (sa iurdbte eh taejpg ie fgffaöb
6 fj ie dhkd @gjmu befesatdjgs jäs dkud, vghfdr ie d pgfg y que esd dkud está
Vdh jdrabd g rgsdid, pajaebtd, pajebtöb iuhfe, pajebtöb fdhaebte, ie estd jdberd bg se ebiurefe hd hekujmre) jäs
dcujdig, dlg eb pghvg g nresfg eh dhkd `gjmu. Ydpdr hd ghhd y fgfabdr cdstd que está maeb
 Dfeate ie fgfg mhdbid hd hebteld.
5 tdzds ie dkud _gr ühtajg fgbiajebtdjgs cdstd que queie d tu kustg.
Ejphdtdr y iefgrdr fgb perelah pafdig y mrgtes ie dhndhnd g
rdmdbatg. Ydjmaáb he queidb juy maeb dhkubds nhgres ie fd-
hábiuhd g sus pátdhgs espdrfaigs eb eh phdtg.
 

CEHDIG BD
BDYU]DH
YU]DH IE
N]UYDV Q FDVYDÔDV IE
FDLÜ
Abkreiaebtes<
Nrutds d eheffaöb prevadjebte nreezdids< jdbkg, nrutahhds,
nrdjmuesds, jehöb, fdqua, mdbdbd
4 tdzd ie fdstdôds ie fdlü prevadjebte rejgldids Hds nrutds pueieb
  Esebfad ie vdabahhd reejphdzdrse pgr
  _azfd ie sdh fdfdg eb pghvg pdrd
  Vtevad sa es befesdrag ebiuhzdr cdfer ub cehdig ie
fcgfghdte.
_repdrdfaöb<
Hafudr tgigs hgs abkreiaebtes y dkrekdr dkud bdturdh sa nuerd
befesdrag, juy pgfd, sghg pdrd ar dmhdbidbi
dmhdbidbigg eh prepdrdig.
Fdid jeiad cgrd (repetar = g 6 vefes) sdfdr ieh nreezer y
jaxedr g pasdrhg pdrd rgjper hgs frastdhes.
Iefgrdr y servar.

_AE IE HAJÖB ]D[

Mdse ie hd tdrtd< Frejd<
= tdzds ie cdrabd ie sejahhds ie zdpdhhg = tdzds ie fdstdôds ie fdlü cairdtdids (dbdfdrigs)
º tdzd ie mdkdzg ie hefce ie fgfg Lukg ie 4 hajöb
6 fufcdrdids ie xahatgh g dzüfdr ie fgfg g stevad d kustg ]dhhdiurd ie hajöb g hajd
= fufcdrdids ie dfeate ie fgfg Esebfad ie vdabahhd d kustg

]dhhdiurd ie hajöb g bdrdbld 4

4 pazfd iedzüfdr
tdzd ie sdh ie fgfg g xahatgh g stevad eb pghvg
_repdrdfaöb< 4 fiatd ie fürfujd
Jezfhdr tgigs hgs abkreiaebtes ubaábigse fgb hd jdbg y hue- = fufcdrdids ie dfeate ie fgfg
kg fumrar ubd tdrterd.
Gpfagbdh< º pdhtd

_repdrdfaöb<
AJ_G]YDBYE Jezfhdr prajerg hds fdstdôds ie fdlü fgb eh lukg ie hajöb.
Va usdjgs dzüfdr ie fgfg, hd prepdrdfaöb  Dkrekdr eh restg jebgs eh dfeate ie fgfg y fudbig yd estä
vd d queidr jäs gsfurd. hastd hd frejd dkrekdjgs eh dfeate, dpebds fgb sghg ubd g
igs vuehtds ie hd perahhd ie hd hafudigrd.
 ^ghfdrr hd frejd sgmre hd mdse y iefgrdr fgb nrutgs rglgs y
 ^ghfd
hajd rdhhdid.
 

_ae ie hajöb rdw 

 

JD]TUAVE IE
FCGFGHDYE
Abkreiaebtes pdrd hd mdse<
4 tdzd ie mdkdzg ie hefce ie fgfg
4 tdzd y jeiad d igs ie mdkdzg ie dhjebirds g cdrabd
ie dhjebirds
= fufcdrdids ie fdfdg djdrkg
4 fufcdrdiatd ie esebfad ie vdabahhd
_azfd ie sdh jdrabd g rgsdid
]dhhdiurd ie hajöb
º tdzd ie dzüfdr ie fgfg g xyhatgh g pdstd ie iätahes g
stevad d kustg
= g 6 fufcdrdids ie dfeate ie fgfg

_repdrdfaöb<
Jezfhdr tgigs hgs abkreiaebtes fgb hds jdbgs.
Fumrar eh jghie.
_gber eb hd cehdierd.

Abkreiaebtes pdrd hd frejd<

Fdstdôds ie fdlü, prevadjebte rejgldids iurdbte = d 6
cgrds
Esebfad ie vdabahhd
 Dkud g hefce veketdh cdstd fumrar hds fdstdôds eb hd ha-
fudigrd
=-6 fufcdrdids ie fdfdg
 Dzüfdr ie fgfg
fgfg g xyhatgh, fdbtaidi
fdbtaidi befesdrad
befesdrad
6-9 fufcdrdids ie dfeate ie fgfg
Vdh jdrabd g rgsdid
]dhhdiurd ie bdrdbld
M]G[BAEV _repdrdfaöb<
Abkreiaebtes<  ^ghfdrr tgigs hgs abkreiaebtes eb hd hafudigrd y hafudr
 ^ghfd hafudr.
= tdzds ie buefes dftavdids.
  º tdzd ie dhjebirds dftavdids Drjdig<
4 tdzd ie fdfdg eb pghvg.  ^erter estd frejd sgmre
sgmre hd mdse.
  = tdzd ie iätahes recairdtdig
recairdtdigss (6 cgrds ie rejglg) Ebnradr y iefgrdr fgb fcgfghdte rdhhdig y buefes dftavdids.
  = g 6 fufcdrdiatd ie dfeate ie fgfg
4 fufcdrdiatd ie esebfad ie vdabahhd
  _azfd ie sdh jdrabd g rgsdid

_repdrdfaöb<
_rgfesdr buefes y dhjebirds.
 Dkrekdr eh
eh fdfdg, vdabahhd, dfeate, sdh y hgs
hgs iätahes. Hd jezfhd
ieme queidr pekdlgsd.

 Drjdr
Ebnradr eh
ebmrgwbae
mrg
hd wbae presagbdbig eb ub jghie.
presagbdbig
cehdierd.
Fgrtdr eb pequeôgs fudirdigs.
 

FD]]GY FD@E
Abkreiaebtes< _repdrdfaöb<
=?? kr ie dfeate ie ghavd sudve g fgfg Jezfhdr eh dfeate fgb hd fdbehd, hd buez jgsfdid, hd vdabahhd,
6?? kr iepdstgrahes
9 cuevgs dzüfdr ie fgfg g jdsfdmg y hds rdhhdiurds.
 Dkrekdr eh dzüfdr cdstd iasghver
iasghver.. Estg se pueie cdfer eb md-
6?? kr ie zdbdcgrad rdhhdid taigrd g d jdbg.
=>? kr ie cdrabd
cdrabd sab khuteb  Dkrekdr ie d ubg hgs cuevgs
cuevgs abtekrdbig
abtekrdbig tgig eb hd mdtaigrd.
45 kr ie mafdrmgbdtg ie sgiag (dsekurdte que sed sab  ^ghfd
 ^ghfdrr tgig d uubb mgwh krdbie
krdbie y dkrekdr
dkrekdr hgs abkreiaebtes
abkreiaebtes se-
dhujabag) fgs prevadjebte tdjazdigs.
45? kr ie fdstdôds ie fdlü Jezfhdr fgb jgvajaebtgs ebvghvebtes y pgr ühtajg dkrekdr
]dhhdiurd ie hajöb grkäbafg hds fdstdôds ie fdlü prevadjebte espghvgredids fgb cdrabd
]dhhdiurd ie bdrdbld grkäbafd (estg hg cdfejgs pdrd que bg se mdleb d hd mdse ie hd tgrtd).
Esebfad ie vdabahhd
_azfd ie sdh
Fdbehd
Buez jgsfdid

MGJMGBEV ^A^GV
Abkreiaebtes<
= tdzds ie fdstdôds ie fdlü g mdkdzg ie dhkubd he-
fce ie sejahhds g jghaig ie fudhquaer gtrg nrutg sefg
Iätahes
Fufcdrdiatd ie esebfad ie vdabahhd
Ubd pazfd ie sdh jdrabd g rgsdid
Gpfagbdh<
Fdfdg, dhkdrrgmd, gtrds esebfads, pdrd remgzdr fdbehd,
fgfg, cdrabd ie bdrdblds, pátdhgs ie nhgres, sejahhds ie
sásdjg.
_repdrdfaöb<
_rgfesdr hgs nrutgs fgb hgs iätahes, dkrekdr dhküb
gpfagbdh sa se iesed y jezfhdr maeb cdstd teber ubd
jdsd sudve (se pueie utahazdr dhkubd prgfesdigrd
pdrd hd jezfhd).
 Drjdr hgs mgjmgbes y fumrar fgb eh remgzdigr d
eheffaöb.
Ve pueieb nreezdr, iescairdtdr g fgbsujar huekg ie
cdferhgs. _gber eb pargtabes y, ¡d iasnrutdr!
 

_DBTUETUEV G IGVDV
IE D]]G
D ]]G\
\ NE]JEBY
NE]JE BYDIG
DIG
Abkreiaebtes<
= tdzds ie drrgz ydjdbê grkäbafg, nerjebtdig
  4 pazfd ie sdh jdrabd g rgsdid
  º tdzd ie dkud
  9 ö 5 fufcdrdids ie dfeate ie ghavd

Diafagbdhes<
Femghhd ie verieg, perelah, dlg, atdhadb (jezfhd ie caermds<
pgr elejphg rgjerg, estrdköb, sdhvad, tgjahhg, dhmdcdfd).

Mdse pdrd iuhfes g sdhdigs<

_gber debnerjebtdr
 ^ghfdr iurdbte
hd hafudigrd
hafudigr 93 cgrds
d = tdzds eh drrgz
ie drrgz ydjdbê. . Fgb
yd nerjebtdig.
nerjebtdig
estd jezfhd se pueieb cdfer mhabas, wdnnhes y pdbqueques,
iuhfes g sdhdigs.
Hafudrhg dkrekäbighe ubd tdzd ie dkud, eh dfeate y hd pazfd
ie sdh, taebe que queidr fgjg ubd sdhsd mhdbfd.

Vdhdigs<
Ubd vez hafudig tgig, se dkrekd sab hafudr< caermds nresfds,
drgjätafds, puerrg, femghhd ie verieg, perelah, fahdbtrg,
fah dbtrg, etf.

Iuhfes<
Ubd vez hafudig tgig, se dkrekd sab hafudr<
ha fudr< esebfad ie vdaba-
hhd, rdhhdiurd ie hajöb g ie bdrdbld, 4 d igs fufcdrdids ie
dzüfdr grkäbafd, jdsfdmg g xyhatgh.

Fgffaöb<
Fdhebtdr hd sdrtáb fgb ubd kgtd ie dfeate y espdrfarhd fgb
ubd servahhetd ie pdpeh. ^ghfdr fgb ub fufcdröb eh prepdrd-
ig, ieldr que se fgfabe dbtes ie idrhg vuehtd
]ehhebdr d kustg.
 

¡Jufcds krdfads, queraids Hdurds, pgr eh djgr

 y hd ieiafdfaöb eb este
este trdtdig!

¡Krdfads _duha, Hgha y Jdkdhê pgr ejmehhefer

estds päkabds!

Fgb tgig ja djgr,

_dz, Djgr y Vejahhds