JODIE A.

LLAMASARES MARIA LUISA GONZALES

MAED Professor

SEMINAR ON RESEARCH TOPIC

MID-TERM EXAMINATION
1. Why is it important to conduct research? Explain the significance of research in
expanding knowledge and contributing to societal advancements.
As a researcher, I can firmly emphasize the value of research and its vital role in
growing knowledge and contributing to societal developments.
First and foremost, research is critical for increasing our understanding of the world
around us. Study reveals new information, exposes patterns and provides insights into
numerous phenomena through methodical examination and analysis. It enables us to
investigate outstanding issues, challenge current hypotheses, and develop new
knowledge in various fields, including science, technology, social sciences, and
humanities.
Research provides a basis for development and innovation by extending knowledge. It
offers the foundation for developing new technologies, medications, and complex issue
solutions. We learn better about diseases and can develop more effective therapies and
prevention strategies through study. Scientific breakthroughs fuel progress in various
sectors, resulting in higher quality of life, economic growth, and societal well-being.
Furthermore, research is critical in resolving societal issues and encouraging
constructive change. It allows us to examine urgent topics like poverty, inequality,
climate change, and global health. Researchers can help policy-making processes by
examining these issues and identifying their basic causes. The research outcomes
enable decision-makers and stakeholders to make informed decisions and shape public
policy.
In addition, research stimulates critical thinking, intellectual curiosity, and a culture of
lifelong learning. It motivates people to examine their preconceptions, seek proof, and
critically assess information. Individuals who conduct research improve their analytical
and problem-solving skills, become more prepared to make informed judgments, and
contribute to the growth of their respective disciplines.
Research encourages collaboration and multidisciplinary methods. It brings together
specialists from several areas to tackle complex challenges that necessitate a variety of
viewpoints. By promoting collaboration, research improves the exchange of ideas,
promotes knowledge cross-pollination, and fosters creativity through the synthesis of
multiple points of view.
Finally, research acts as a catalyst for societal progress by encouraging evidence-
based decision-making and educated public conversation. It helps to spread trustworthy
information, improves public understanding, and fosters science literacy. In this day and
age of disinformation and fake news, research provides a dependable and trustworthy
source of knowledge, assisting in the fight against misinformation and ensuring that
decisions are based on solid evidence.
In conclusion, research is vital because it increases knowledge, generates innovation,
solves social concerns, fosters critical thinking, promotes collaboration, and helps
evidence-based decision-making. Its importance in advancing society cannot be
emphasized, as it serves as the foundation for progress, development, and a deeper
understanding of our world.

2. Discuss the four characteristics that should be considered when formulating a

research title. Explain each characteristic in detail.
Several aspects should be considered while creating a study title to ensure clarity,
specificity, and relevance. The purpose, independent variable, dependent variable, and
location are the four main characteristics to consider.
Goal:
The goal refers to the research's overarching objective or purpose. It describes what the
researcher hopes to accomplish or discover with the study. The goal should be stated
clearly and should reflect the research's principal focus or intent. It assists readers in
understanding the purpose of the study and establishes the direction for the research
undertaking.
Independent Variable:
The independent variable is the factor or condition the researcher manipulates or
controls in the study. It is the variable that is thought to have an effect or influence on
the dependent variable. The factor or intervention under investigation often represents
the independent variable.
Dependent Variable:
The dependent variable is the result variable that is measured or observed to determine
the effect of the independent variable. The variable is expected to vary or be influenced
by the independent variable. The dependent variable depicts the primary outcome or
result of the study.
Locale:
The geographic or contextual location in which the research is carried out is referred
to as the locale. It describes the location or setting of the investigation. The setting can
help define the scope or applicability of the research findings, as well as providing
insights into potential cultural or environmental impacts.
 Considering these four characteristics when formulating a research title ensures that
the title effectively communicates the focus of the research, identifies the variables of
interest, and provides context regarding the study's setting. It helps readers grasp the
essence of the research and facilitates the searchability and relevance of the study
within the broader academic or professional community.

3. Enumerate and describe the components of the new research format.

The components of the IMRAD format, a typical design for scientific research
publications. Introduction, Methodology, Results, and Discussion are often called
IMRAD. When presenting research findings successfully, each element has a specific
function.

The introduction is an essential element of a research report because it establishes

the background for the investigation and provides an overview of the research issue, its
setting, and the rationale for doing the study. It often adheres to the IMRAD
(Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion) structure standard in scientific
research articles. Each component is addressed in the introduction in the following
manner:

Objectives of the study:

The study's objectives specify the goals or purposes the researcher hopes to
attain through the investigation. These objectives developed in response to the study
topic or concerns addressed. They outline the researcher's intentions and provide a
clear direction and emphasis for the investigation.

Literature Review:

The literature review critically analyzes and synthesizes previous research and
scholarly publications on the subject issue. It entails reviewing relevant academic
journals, books, and other sources to determine the field's existing knowledge and gaps.
By summarizing past findings, theories, and approaches, the literature review
contextualizes the research within the larger academic context and supports the need
for the current study.
Theoretical Framework
The established theories, concepts, and principles that support the research
investigation are referred to as the theoretical framework. It serves as a conceptual
framework for the study, directing the choice of research variables, relationships, and
hypotheses. The theoretical framework aids in explaining the relationships between
variables and understanding the study's findings within an established theoretical
perspective.

Theoretical Paradigm:
The theoretical paradigm is the general philosophical or theoretical perspective
that informs the researcher's worldview and approach to comprehending the research
phenomenon. It includes the researcher's ontological and epistemological beliefs, which
influence their research methods and interpretation of findings. Positivism,
interpretivism, constructivism, and critical theory are popular paradigms.

Research Framework:
The research framework describes the general structure or strategy of the study,
offering a logical and systematic framework for data collection, analysis, and
interpretation. It comprises the research design, methodology, sampling strategy, and
data analysis techniques used in the study. The research framework ensures that the
research conducted methodically and rigorously.

Research Paradigm:
The research paradigm is the underlying viewpoint or perspective that influences
the researcher's methods and data interpretation. It includes the study's theoretical
paradigm, research design, and data collection methodologies. Common research
paradigms include quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods approaches.

Scope and Limitation:

The scope of the study establishes the boundaries and range of the research,
defining what will be included and omitted from the examination. It specifies the exact
characteristics, factors, demographics, or geographic locations on which the study will
concentrate. Limitations, on the other hand, acknowledge the study's potential limits,
shortcomings, or restrictions, such as restricted resources, time constraints, or potential
biases, which may affect the generalizability or validity of the findings.

Significance of the study:

The significance of the study emphasizes the value and relevance of the
research in an academic, practical, or societal context. It describes how the study fills a
research gap, adds to existing information, or has consequences for theory, policy, or
practice. The importance of the study emphasizes why the research is relevant and
worthwhile.

Definition of Terms:
The definition of terms section gives clear and detailed definitions of essential
terminology, concepts, and variables utilized in the research. It ensures that readers
have a common understanding of key phrases and eliminates ambiguity or
misunderstanding.

Methodology:
In research, methodology refers to the general strategy and systematic set of concepts,
processes, and techniques used to undertake a study or investigation. It includes the
methods and strategies utilized to gather, analyze, and interpret data, as well as the
theoretical framework and rationale supporting the research.

The approach provides a road map for researchers to handle their research issue or
objective in a thorough and organised manner. It covers the research design, data
collection methods, data analysis methodologies, and any other relevant procedures
used to assure the validity and reliability of the study's conclusions.
Research Design:
The research design refers to the overall plan or technique used to meet the study
question or purpose. It describes the study's approach and organization, including the
type of study (e.g., experimental, observational, qualitative, quantitative), the time frame
for data collection, and the relationship between variables.

Research Instrument:
A research instrument is a tool or technique used to collect data from study participants.
It could be a questionnaire, survey, interview guide, observation checklist, or any other
approach meant to gather important information for the research. The study instrument
should be valid, trustworthy, and appropriate for assessing the variables of interest.
Data Gathering Procedures:
Data gathering procedures encompass the specific steps and techniques employed to
collect data from the participants. This includes the process of selecting participants,
obtaining informed consent, administering the research instrument, and recording the
data. Data gathering procedures may vary depending on the research design and
research instrument used.
Respondents of the Study:
Individuals or groups who participate in the research and offer data or responses to the
research instrument are referred to as respondents. They are chosen based on factors
that are pertinent to the study topic or purpose. The characteristics of the respondents,
such as age, gender, occupation, or any other relevant demographic information, should
be stated.
Sampling Technique:
The sampling technique refers to the procedure used to choose a subset of individuals
or units from a larger population for inclusion in the study. It entails identifying the target
group and selecting participants in a systematic or random method. Random sampling,
stratified sampling, convenience sampling, and purposive sampling are examples of
common sampling procedures.
Study Site:
The physical or virtual place where the research is done is referred to as the study site.
A specific geographical area, a laboratory, a clinic, an institution, an internet platform, or
any other setting relevant to the study issue could be used. The study location should
be chosen with consideration for its relevance and accessibility to the target group.
Data Analysis Plan:
The data analysis plan defines the procedures and statistical approaches that will be
utilized to examine the acquired data. It includes a description of the variables to be
studied, the statistical tests or methodologies to be applied, and the software or
instruments to be used for data analysis. The data analysis plan should be connected
with the study question and objectives to ensure that the obtained data is appropriately
and accurately analyzed.

Results and Discussion:

The Results and Discussion of a research paper contains the study's findings as
well as an interpretation and analysis of the findings. This section often begins with a
succinct and objective presentation of the collected data, which may contain tables,
graphs, or descriptive statistics. The results should be organized logically, with each
study question or target addressed separately.
Following the presentation of results, the discussion section of this section gives
an in-depth examination and interpretation of the findings. It entails comparing the data
to existing literature, identifying patterns or trends, explaining unexpected outcomes,
and analyzing the consequences and importance of the findings. The discussion section
also investigates the study's theoretical or practical consequences and may recommend
future research directions.
Conclusion:
A research paper's Conclusion section summarizes the study's primary results
and key insights. It gives a succinct and unambiguous description of the research aims
and highlights the most relevant findings. The conclusion part should avoid providing
new information or statistics that were not previously mentioned in the results and
discussion sections.
Recommendations:
A Recommendations section may be included after the conclusion in some
research articles, particularly those done in applied subjects. Based on the study's
findings, this section gives practical advice or actionable recommendations.
Recommendations may be directed at policymakers, practitioners, or other stakeholders
relevant to the research issue. These recommendations are intended to guide future
activities or initiatives that may address the concerns or gaps found in the study.
The Results and Discussion, Conclusion, and Recommendations sections collectively
provide a comprehensive summary of the research findings, their implications, and
potential future directions. These sections are essential for communicating the
significance and contribution of the study to the field of research and guiding
subsequent research and practical applications.
4. Provide an example of a research problem that exhibits all four characteristics
discussed earlier. Explain how each characteristic is demonstrated in the
problem statement.
In the research titled "Design and Implementation of an Effective Intervention Program
for Grade 7 Learners at Risk of Academic Failure in Daraga National High School," we
can identify the following characteristics:

Goal:
The goal of the research is to design and implement an effective intervention program
for Grade 7 learners at risk of academic failure. The objective is to address the issue of
academic underachievement among these students and improve their academic
performance.

Independent Variable:
The independent variable in this research would be the intervention program designed
and implemented specifically for Grade 7 learners at risk of academic failure. It could
include various components such as additional tutoring, mentoring, study skills training,
or personalized academic support.

Dependent Variable:
The dependent variable would be the academic performance or achievement of the
Grade 7 learners who are at risk of academic failure. This could be measured through
various indicators, such as their grades, test scores, or overall academic progress.

Locale:
The locale in this research is Daraga National High School. This indicates the specific
educational institution where the study is conducted. Daraga National High School
serves as the contextual setting for implementing and evaluating the effectiveness of
the intervention program.
The research title conveys significant information about the study's emphasis and
breadth by considering the goal, independent variable, dependent variable, and
location. It emphasizes the goal of improving academic outcomes for Grade 7 learners
at risk of academic failure in Daraga National High School through the design and
implementation of an intervention program.

5. Based on the research problem you have formulated, create an objective of the
study. Ensure that the objective is clear, concise, and aligned with the identified
research problem.

1. Assess the academic performance and identify the specific areas of

weakness among Grade 7 learners at risk of academic failure in Daraga
National High School.

2. Develop a comprehensive intervention program tailored to the specific needs

and challenges of Grade 7 learners at risk of academic failure in Daraga
National High School, incorporating evidence-based practices and
pedagogical approaches.

3. Implement the intervention program and evaluate its effectiveness in

improving the academic performance and overall learning outcomes of Grade
7 learners at risk of academic failure.

4. Provide recommendations for the refinement and sustainability of the

intervention program, considering factors such as program scalability,
resource allocation, stakeholder engagement, and potential long-term impacts
on the academic success and well-being of Grade 7 learners in Daraga
National High School.
5. Conduct seminars, trainings and workshop on Designing and Implementing
Effective Intervention Program to teachers with Students At Risk of Academic
Failure.