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Laporan AST
Laporan AST
D`hn1
JLFX@]LY ]HFBOF
5353
FL]L SHBGLB]LU
Lbl`osl Yosthk ]hblgl @ostrof khruplflb sl`ln sltu kltl fu`oln ylbg
tomlf nlbyl moph`laro shilrl thdro slal, kh`obfl augl phr`u mothrlpflb l`oflsobyl
plmlflsus stumo thrthbtu. Lp`oflso plml phrfu`olnlb
phrfu`olnlb shilrl khbulo ehrupl tugls
’ tugls ubtuf mosh`hsloflb
mosh`hsloflb morukln, molklto eh`uk khkhbuno slslrlb ylg
monlrl
monlrlplb
plb.. ]hrel
]hreltls
tlsby
byl
l wlftu
wlftu ub
ubtuf
tuf prdshs
prdshs ph
phrno
rnotub
tubglb
glb shilrl
shilrl klbul
klbul``
khbyhe
khbyhele
leflb
flb thrlp
thrlplb
lb kdmh`
kdmh` stumo
stumo fl
flsus
sus tom
tomlf
lf elbylf
elbylf ylbg
ylbg mlplt
mlplt moeul
moeult,
t,
shnobggl lbl`oslbylpub
lbl`oslbylpub threltls plml `obgfup
`obgfup ylbg shkpot.
Srdgrlk fdkputhr ylbg th`ln moehroflb mlb moph`lalro, khruplflb slrlbl
pl`obg hjhftoj ubtuf khkelbtu khbhrlpflb lbl`osl stumo sosthk thblgl `ostrof,
thrutlkl ubtuf khkphrihplt phrnottubglbbyl. Mhbglb mhkofolb phhrlplb stumo
lflb mlplt shlfob ehrlbhfl rlglk flsus mlb phklnlklb lbl`osl khbalmo `heon
`uls.
Lp`oflso stumo mlb ll`osl sosthk hblgl `ostrof mhbglb khbggublflb
khbggublflb
Shrsdb
Shrsdbl`
l` Idkpu
Idkputhr
thr krupl
kruplflb
flb ph
phrlm
rlmul
ul ylbg
ylbg sumln
sumln shnlru
shnlrusby
sbylb
lb mokulo
mokulo
phbhrl
phbhrlpl
plbby
bbyl.
l. Moslt
Mosltu
u ponlf
ponlf khkheh
khkhehrof
roflb
lb ph`lto
ph`ltonl
nlb
b ml`lk
ml`lk ph
phbgg
bggub
ubllb
llb
fdkputhr mlb mo`lob ponlf mlplt kklnlko mltl klsuflb ylg nlrus mosusub,
khbghtlnuo prdshs phbyusublb pd`l ubtuf fhphr`ulb stumo, ehrofut lbl`osl mlro
nlso` stumobyl.
Lp`oflso obo mowuaumflb
mowuaumflb ml`lk prltofuk Lbl`osl Yosthk ]hblgl @ostrof,
ylbg klthrobyl kh`oputo selglo ehrofut 1
<. Shrslkll
Shrslkllb
b L`alelr @obohr Yoku`tlb
Yhphrto Ulbgflolb 5,
@lfuflb phridellbubtuf
khbgnotubg
khbgnotubg lrus ylbg khbgl`o
khbgl`or
r
plml shtolp @ddp plml
Ulbgflolb 9 ehrofut.
<. Shridellb =
@lfuflb phridellb ubtuf flsus moltls, hvl`ulso nlso` stumo mlb fhsokpu`lbbyl,
klbl ylbg `heon elof.
5. Shridellb 8
nlso
nlso``byl mhbgl
bglb phr
hrid
idel
ell
lb =.E
=.Elgl
lgloklb
klbl khbh
khbhb
btu
tuf
flb fd
fdd
drmo
rmoblso
blso
prdthfsobyl.Ehro fhsokpu`lbbyl.
prdthfsobyl.Ehro fhsokpu`lbbyl.
9. Shridellb :
Mltl trljd 1
^t< ; <3 %,
^t5 ; <5 %,
^t9 ; <8 %,
^t= ; <7 %.
Aofl sosthk
Aofl sosthk shphrt
shphrtoo plml
plml glkelr
glkelr,, sh`uru
sh`urun
n ub
ubot
ot eh
ehrdp
rdphrl
hrlso.
so. Mhbg
Mhbglb
lb tdpd`d
tdpd`dgo
go
alrobglb Uobg, khkehroflb lrus glbggulb kh`heono
kh`heono fhklkpulb thblgl, ylotu 2
9,8 pu.
9. Shridellb 7
Mltl Uhlftlbso
Shkelbgfott 1
Shkelbgfo
^m< 1 <5 %
^m5 1 <9 %
^m9 1 <8 %
fZL ELYH 1 73
Flplsotls Shkutuslb
IE 1 = pu
Mltl ]rljd
rljd 1 ^t< ; <3 %
^t5 ; <5 %
^t9 ; <= %
Mltl Shkelbgfotlb 1
- Ehslr mlyl ylbg nlrus mosup`lo G.5, aofl eus 5 s`lif eus
- Yusut trlbskoso plml alrobglb
- Ltrur fdkpdsoso phkelbgfotlb
phkelbgfotlb ylbg dphrlso ubtuf khbhflb susut,
blkub fhbml`l dphrlso klson thrphbuno
5. Shridellb ?
<
<’’59 11 3.339>
3.3359
5 ’ 9 1 3.33<5
5 ’ = 1 3.33=9
9 ’ = 1 3.3395
9. Shridellb <3
=. Shridellb <<
Yhphrto phridellb <3, `lfuflb lbl`sol nueubg sobgflt mlb l`orlb mlyl eo`l ^m
mlb ^t klsobg-klsobg
klsobg-klsobg << % mlb : %, shnobggl mophrd`hn
mophrd`hn fdbmoso dphrlso systhk
bdrkl`. Eltls flplsotls phkutuslb IE … pu mlb flplsotls phbyl`urlb … KW.
NLrgl ^m mlb ^t ubtuf phkelbgfot `lob slkl mhbglb phridellb Bd. 7.
8. Shridellb <5
Yhphrto plml glkelr phridellb
phridellb <3 aofl Eus = motlkeln phkelbgfot
phkelbgfot 93 KW, ^m 1
? %, ^t 1 7 % mlb sl`urlb = ’ 8 moelbgub mhbglb okphmlbso 3.3= + a 3.3: pu.
Eult`ln
Eult`ln fdkpdsos
fdkpdsosoo dphrlso
dphrlso ltlu ltur tdpd`dg
tdpd`dgoo alrobglb
alrobglb ylbg mlplt
mlplt khkhbuno
khkhbuno
fhbml`l dphrlso. Eltls flplsotls phkutuslb IE … pu mlb flplsotls phbyl`urlb
… KW. Nlrgl ^m mlb ^t ubtuf phkelbgfot `lob slkl mhbglb phridellb Bd. 7.
5. Elgloklbl
Elgloklbl fdkpdsoso
fdkpdsoso phkehelblb
phkehelblb shtolp
shtolp phkelbgfot
phkelbgfot ylbg
ylbg hjosohb ubtuf
khbsup`lo ehelb thrsheut
9. Ehrlpl
Ehrlpl eolyl
eolyl tdtl`
tdtl` mlb Up/fWn
Up/fWn rltl-rl
rltl-rltl
tl sh`lkl
sh`lkl phrodmh
phrodmh : alk
alk
5. Shridellb <=
Aofl flrlfthrostof ubot < mlb 5 shphrto plml phridellb <9 mlb ubtuf ubot 9, =
shelglo ehrofut1
Eult`l
Eult`ln
n fdkpd
fdkpdsos
sosoo ubot
ubot yl
ylbg
bg dphrls
dphrlsoo ml
mlro
ro fhhkpl
fhhkpltt ph
phkel
kelbg
bgfot
fot shnob
shnobgg
ggl
l
mophrd`h
mophrd`hn
n eolyl
eolyl ylbg pl`obg
pl`obg dptokl`.S
dptokl`.Shbgl
hbglturlb
turlb fdkpdsos
fdkpdsosoo lglr moeult
moeult shtolp
shtolp
phrodmh : alk. (Shrodmh : alk O, OO, OOO
OO O mlb OZ)
9. Shridellb <8
Aofl
Aofl mltl
mltl eh
ehelb
elb shphrt
shphrtoo ph
phrid
ridell
ellb
b <= ml
mlb
b flrlf
flrlfthr
throst
ostof
of ph
phkel
kelbgf
bgfot
ot shphrt
shphrtoo
phridellb <9 & <=. Eult`ln rhbilbl phkehelblb nlrolb ylbg pl`obg hjosohb mlb
tomlf lml phkelbgfot ylbg moehelbo moelwln 833 FW kh`heono 5 alk.
Ltur fdkpdsosobyl
fdkpdsosobyl ubtuf phrodmh ylbg `heon phbmhf, phr 9 alk mlb tomlf lml
phkelbgfot ylbg nlrus Y]LU]-Y]DS `heon mlro 5 fl`o. Elbmobgflb mlb ehro
fdkhbtlr eo`l phrodmh phbglturlb stumo dphrlsobyl `heon plbalbg, 5= alk.
<. Shri
rid
dellb
llb <:
Yultu sosthk mosup`lo d`hn S@]X mlb shelgolb `lgo shehslr :3 KW d`hn
sukeh
sukehrr `lo
`lob.
b. Auk`l
Auk`ln
n hbhrgo
hbhrgo fobhto
fobhtos
s systhk
systhk ?9
?9>.5
>.5:
: KWs.
KWs. Jrhfuh
Jrhfuhbso
bso bd
bdkob
kobl`
l`
systhk 83 Nz mlb jrhfuhbso frotos phkelbgfot =>.8 Nz.
Eo`l sup`lo mlro sukehr `lob :3 KW thrsheut toel-toel no`lbg/trop mlb jrhfuhbso
klbtlp moobgobflb tomlf furlbg mlro =? Nz. Sh`hplslb ehelb moku`lo =? Nz
mhbglb alrlf shttobg jrhfuhbso 3.8 Nz.
]hbtuflb 1
- Au
Auk`
k`ln
ln tlnl
tlnlp
p mlb
mlb ehsl
ehslrr ehel
ehelb
b yl
ylbg
bg nlru
nlrus
s mo`h
mo`hpl
pls,
s, sh
shno
nobg
bggl
gl
khkehroflb fdbmoso jrhfuhbso sosthk ylbg pl`obg klbtlp
- Ehrlpl shelofbyl shttobg wlftu thrfhio` mlro S@]X lglr klson lklb mlro
fhtomlfshokelbglb
5. Shri
rid
dellb
llb <7
Ao
Aofl
fl ubot
ubot phke
phkelb
lbgf
gfot
ot thre
threhs
hslr
lr tr
trop
op,, elof
elof plml
plml ehel
ehelb
b so
solb
lbg
g klup
klupub
ub
<. Shr
Shride
idellb
llb < (Gl
(Glususs
s H`o
H`okob
koblso
lso))
Obput Mltl (Ulbgflolb
Mltl (Ulbgflolb <)
Kltrof VL[ Drmhr 1 9 Kltrof VE[
@ddp fh < 5 9 = 8
Lrus Oo -3.77> <.>:> 5.97= 3.333 3.333
5. Shr
Shride
idellb
llb 5 (G
(Glu
luss
ss A
Adr
drmlb
mlb))
Obput Mltl(Ulbgflolb
Mltl(Ulbgflolb <)
Kltrof VL[ Drmh 1 9 Kltrof VE[
Nlso` Shridellb
Drmh < 5 9 = 8
<1 3.<<5 -3.39= 3.3=3 3.333 3.333
51 -3.39= 3.3:: -3.393 3.333 3.333
91 3.3=3 -3.393 3.379 3.333 3.333
=1
81
@ddp fh < 5 9 = 8
Lrus Oo -<.987 9.935 5.:<: 5.?<8 3.333
9. Shr
Shride
idellb
llb 9 (O
(Othr
thrlso
lso G
Glus
luss
s Yho
Yhomh`
mh`))
Obput Mltl(Ulbgflolb
Mltl(Ulbgflolb <)
Kltrof VL[ Drmh 1 9 Kltrof VE[
Othrls < 5 9 = 8
o
< 3.>99 3.>99 <.:59 3.333 3.333
5 -3.<5< <.8<< 5.3>> 3.333 3.333
9 -3.8=3 <.79= 5.5:? 3.333 3.333
= -3.:?3 <.><? 5.998 3.333 3.333
8 O]HULYO, EH@XK FDBZHUGHB
Lbgfl ]d`hrlbso
]d`hrlbso 1 3.33
3.333<
3<
@ddp fh < 5 9 = 8
Slml khtdmh gluss h`okoblso momlplt nlso` lrus O < ; 3,77> , O5 ; <,>:> ,
mlb O9 ; 5,97=. Mlro nlso` phridellb fhmul ubtuf khtdmh gluss Adrmlb
momlplt nlso` lrus O< ; -<,987, O5 ; 9,935 mlb O 9 ; 5,:<:. Yhkhbtlrl Mlro
nlso` phridellb fhtogl ubtuf khtdmh othrlso gluss shomh` momlplt nlso`
lrus O< ; <,:9, O5 ; 3,3>, O9 ; <,?>.
Fhsokpu`lb
SHBGHYLNLB
Srlftoflb Shbglwls
Fh`dkpdf 1 Blkl 1 Or. N. K. Bhjd L`lksyln, KK
Blkl 1 Slrlj 1
Mheey Lbmrolbsyln
Slrlj 1 ]lbggl`1
<. Shr
Shride
idellb
llb < (Gl
(Gluss
uss H`o
H`okob
koblso
lso))
Obput Mltl(Ulbgflolb 5)
Kltrof VL[ Drmhr 1 = Kltrof VE[
Drm < 5 9 = 8 < Fd`dk
h 5 <3
<1 <5 = 8 3 9
51 = <9 3 -: = 53
93
91 8 3 5 -7 8 =3
3 3
=1 3 -: -7 53 Nlso` Shridellb
81 Ehbtuf Kltrof Yhgotogl VL[
Kltrof VE[
Drmh < 5 9 = 8 < Fd`dk
<1 <5.3 =.3 8.3 3.3 <3.3 <3
5
51 -3.3 <<.7 -<.7 -:.3 <:.7 53
9
91 3.3 -3.3 <7.7 -7.3 58.> = 93
=1 3.3 -3.3 -3.3 <7.5 83.5 =3
8
81 3
Bo`lo Zlroleh` ^
ltlu Bo`lo Lrusylbg khbgl`or plml rlbgflolb1
@ddp fh < 5 9 = 8
Lrus Oo <.987 9.935 5.:<: 5.?<8 3.333
5. Shr
Shride
idellb
llb 5 (G
(Glu
luss
ss A
Adr
drmlb
mlb))
Obput Mltl (Ulbgflolb 5)
Kltrof VL[ Drmh 1 = Kltrof VE[
=
8
Lbgfl ]d`hrlbso
]d`hrlbso 1 3.33
3.333<
3<
@ddp fh < 5 9 = 8
Lrus Oo 3.>3 <.=3 <.38 <.>7 3.3
Slml phridellb
phridellb ylbg phrtlkl ubtu ubtuf f khtdm
khtdmh h glus
glusss h`oko
h`okoblso
blso momlplt
nlso` lrus O< ; -<,987, O5 ; 9,93
9,935,
5, O 9 ; 5,:<: mlb O = ; 5,?<8 . Mlro nlso`
phrid
phr idell
ellbb fhm
fhmul
ul ubt
ubtuf
uf kht
khtdmh
dmh glu
glussss Adr
Adrmlb
mlb mom
momlpl
lpltt nls
nlso`o` lru
lrus
s O< ;
-<,987, O5 ; 9,
9,93
935
5 , O9 ; 5,
5,:<
:<:
: ml
mlbb O= ; 5,?
5,?<8
<8 . Yhk
Yhkhbt
hbtlrl
lrl Mlro nlso
nlso``
phridellb fhtogl ubtuf khtdmh othrlso gluss shomh` momlplt nlso` lrus O < ;
3,>3 , O5 ; <,=3, O9 ; <,38 mlb O= ; <,>7.
Fhsokpu`lb
Xbtuf drmh hkplt mlplt mosokpu`flb elnwl nlso` phridellb mlro khtdmh
gluss adrmlb mlb othrlso gluss shomh` khbggnlso`flb bo`lo lrus yllbg
slkl ylotu O<; 3,>3, O5; <,=3, O9; <,38
<,38 mlb O = ; <,>7. Lrtobyl
Lrtobyl ubtuf drmh
hkplt khtdmh ylbg eosl mogublflb lml`ln nlbyl khtdmh gluss adrmlb
mlb othrlso gluss shomh`.
SHBGHYLNLB
Srlftoflb Shbglwls
Fh`dkpdf 1 Blkl 1 Or. N. K. Bhjd L`lksyln, KK
Blkl 1 Slrlj 1
Mheey Lbmrolbsyln
Slrlj 1 ]lbggl`1
<. Shr
Shride
idellb
llb < (Gl
(Glus
uss
s H`o
H`okob
koblso
lso))
Obput Mltl (Ulbgflolb 9)
Kltrof VL[ Drmhr 1 8 Kltrof VE[
Ehbtuf
Ehbtuf Kltrof Yhgot
Yhgotogl
ogl VL[ Kltro
Kltrof
f VE[
Drmh < 5 9 = 8
Fd`dk
<1 <5.3 =.3 8.3 3.3 3.3 <3.3
51 -3.3 <<.7 -<.7 -:.3 3.3 <:.7
91 3.3 -3.3 <7.7 -7.3 3.3 58.>
=1 3.3 -3.3 -3.3 <7.5 3.3 83.5
81 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3
@ddp fh < 5 9 = 8
Lrus Oo -<.987 9.935 5.:<: 5.?<8 3.333
5. Shri
Shridell
dellb b 5 (Glus
(Glusss Adrm
Adrmlb)
lb)
Obput Mltl (Ulbgflolb 9)
Kltrof VL[ Drmh 1 8 Kltrof VE[
Drmh < 5 9 = 8 Fd`dk
1 <3.3
<1 <5.3 =.3 8.3 3.3 3.3 <:.7
51 -3.3 <<.7 -3.7 -:.3 3.3 58.>
91 3.3 -3.3 <7.7 -7.3 3.3 83.5
=1 3.3 -3.3 -3.3 <7.5 3.3 3
81 3 3 3 3 3
Nlso` Shridellb
Kltrof Obvhrs VL[-<
Drm
h < 5 9 = 8
<1 3.55< -3.<<< 3.<3? -3.3?3 3.3:5
51 -3.<<< 3.<>9 -3.3>8 3.<33 -3.38>
91 3.<3? -3.3>8 3.<88 -3.<38 3.3>3
=1 -3.3?3 3.<33 -3.<38 3.<=8 -3.37?
81 3.3:5 -3.38> 3.3>3 -3.37? 3.3?<
@ddp fh < 5 9 = 8
Lrus Oo -<.987 9.935 5.:<: 5.?<8 3.333
9. Shr
Shride
idellb
llb 9 (O(Othr
thrlso
lso GGlus
luss
s Yho
Yhomh`
mh`))
Obput Mltl (Ulbgflolb 9)
Kltr
Kl trof
of VL
VL[[ Drmh
Drmhrr 1 8 Kl
Kltr
trof
of VE
VE[[
@ddp fh < 5 9 = 8
Lrus Oo 3.98 -5.=: 3.>< 5.59 3.3
Slml phridellb
phridellb khtdmh g
gluss
luss h`okoblso momlplt nls
nlso`o` lrus O< ; <,8:> , O 5
; 5,9.:? , O 9 ; 5,=<9 ,O = ; <,:>3 mlb O8 ; <,859. Mlro nlso` phridellb fhmul
ubtuf khtdmh gluss Adrmlb momlplt nlso` lrus O < ; 5,7:<, O5 ; <,37= , O9 ;
9,>5> ,O= ; -3,<?: mlb O 8 ; 9,5:8. Othrlso gluss shomh` nlso` lrus O <; 3,98,
O5; -5,=:. O9; 3,><, O=; 5,59 mlb O8; 3.
Fhsokpu`lb
Slml phridellb obo nlso` bo`lo ylbg tomlf slkl ubtuf fhtogl khtdmh ylbg
mogu
mogubl
blfl
flb
b wl
wl`l`lup
upub
ub kh khkl
klsu
suff
fflb
lb bobo`l
`loo yl
ylbg
bg slslkl
kl.. Yh
Yhph
phrto
rto pl
plml
ml
phridellb mhbglb khbggubflb khtdmh gluss h`okoblso nlso` lrus O 9;
5,=<9,
5,=<9, kht
khtdmh
dmh glu
gluss
ss adr
adrmlb
mlb mom
momlpl
lpltt nls
nlso`o` lru
lrus
s O 9; <,37= mlb khtdmh
gluss shomh` bo`lo lrus O 9; 3,><.
SHBGHYLNLB
Srlftoflb Shbglwls
Fh`dkpdf 1 Blkl 1 Or. N. K. Bhjd L`lksyln, KK
Blkl 1 Slrlj 1
Mheey Lbmrolbsyln
Slrlj 1 ]lbggl`1
@hkelrlb
Shridellb 1 Lbl`osl Fhral
Ytumo Nueubg Yobgflt
Blkl Shridellb 1 Ytumo Nueubg Yobgflt
Shridellb =
FLYXY <
Glbggulb KZL Lrus N.Yobgflt Fdbtroeuso Lrus Glbggulb Vpu[ Mlro Eus
< 5 9
FLYXY 5
Glbggulb KZL Lrus N.Yobgflt Fdbtroeuso Lrus Glbggulb Vpu[ Mlro Eus
< 5 9
FLYXY 9
Glbggulb KZL Lrus N.Yobgflt Fdbtroeuso Lrus Glbggulb Vpu[ Mlro Eus
< 5 9
FLYXY =
Glbggulb KZL Lrus N.Yobgflt Fdbtroeuso Lrus Glbggulb Vpu[ Mlro Eus
< 5 9
Shridellb 8
FLYXY <
Glbggulb KZL Lrus N.Yobgflt Fdbtroeuso Lrus Glbggulb Vpu[ Mlro Eus
< 5 9
FLYXY 5
Glbggulb KZL Lrus N.Yobgflt Fdbtroeuso Lrus Glbggulb Vpu[ Mlro Eus
< 5 9
FLYXY 9
Glbggulb KZL Lrus N.Yobgflt Fdbtroeuso Lrus Glbggulb Vpu[ Mlro Eus
< 5 9
FLYXY =
Glbggulb KZL Lrus N.Yobgflt Fdbtroeuso Lrus Glbggulb Vpu[ Mlro Eus
< 5 9
Shridellb :
LBL@OYL NXEXBG
NXEXBG YOBGFL] 9 JLYL
Glbggulb KZL Lrus N.Yobgflt Fdbtroeuso Lrus Glbggulb Vpu[ Mlro Eus
Mo EXY N.Y. O Vpu[ Yumut < 5 9 =
< 5 9 =
SHUIDELLB 7
Glbggulb KZL Lrus N.Yobgflt Fdbtroeuso Lrus Glbggulb Vpu[ Mlro Eus
---- < ---- ---- 5 ---- ---- 9 ---- ---- = ---- ---- 8 ----
Eus O Vpu[ Eus O Vpu[ Eus O Vpu[ Eus O Vpu[ Eus O Vpu[
5*9 3.33 <*9 3.33 <*5 3.9? <*5 3.9? <*5 3.9?
5*= 3.5= <*= 3.33 <*= 3.33 <*9 3.33 <*9 3.33
5*8 3.33 <*8 3.:9 <*8 3.:9 <*8 3.:9 <*= 3.33
9*= 3.33 9*= 3.33 5*= 3.5= 5*9 3.33 5*9 3.33
9*8 3.33 9*8 3.33 5*8 3.33 5*8 3.33 5*= 3.5=
=*8 3.=< =*8 3.=< =*8 3.=< 9*8 3.33 9*= 3.33
- Slml phridellb = mo Ythp 5 mhbglb G.5 mlb G.9 Dphrlso, G.< DJJ,
IE G.< & ]rljd < ]hreufl ), tomlf khbmlpltflb bo`lo plml bo`lo nueubg
sobgflt plml eus mlb augl tomlf khbmlpltflb bo`lo l`orlb lrus lbtlr
eus.
- Shridellb 8 plml sllt Obput MltlG.5 mlb G.9 Dphrlso, G.< DJJ, IE
G.< & ]rljd < ]hreufl, tomlf khbmlpltflb nlso` ylbg moobgobflb ltlu
khbmlpltflb nlso` hrrdr.
- Xbtuf phridellb : Ythp = (G< Djj) tomlf khbmlpltflb nlso` bo`lo.
- Slml phridellb ylbg fh-7 lml mul phridellb ylbg khbguao eus = mlb
eus 8.
Fhsokpu`lb
- Shridellb = mlb phridellb 8, plml sllt fdbmoso G.5 mlb G.9 Dphrlso,
G.< DJJ, IE G.< & ]rljd < ]hreufl tomlf khbmlpltflb nlso` bo`lo. Obo
sl`urlb
sl`urlb yl
ylbg
bg khb
khbalm
almoo suk
sukehr
ehr ylb
ylbg
g ml`
ml`lk
lk nl` obo ylo
ylotu
tu G.< ml`lk
fhlmllb djj.
- Xbtuf phridellb : plml sthp = (G.<) tomlf
to mlf khbmlpltflb bo`lo augl
moflrhblflb pdsoso G.< shelglo sukehr ml`lk fhlmllb djj .
- Slml phridellb ylbg fh-7 ubtuf eus = lml ehehrlpl fhlmllb ylbg
kh`lkpluo flplsotls IE ylotu plml sllt sl`urlb < & 5 moeufl.
Xbtuf eus 8 sl`urlb < & 8 mlb sl`urlb 5 & = lml`ln ml`lk fhlmllb
tomlf kh`lkpluo IE. Yhmlbgflb ylbg kh`lkpluo IE ylotu sl`urlb < &
5, mlb sl`urlb = & 8.
SHBGHYLNLB
Srlftoflb Shbglwls
Fh`dkpdf 1 Blkl 1 Or. N. K. Bhjd L`lksyln, KK
Blkl 1 Slrlj 1
Mheey Lbmrolbsyln
Slrlj 1 ]lbggl`1
Shridellb >
Obput Mltl
Eus '
Okphmlbso y pq / 5
Bdkdr Blkl
U a^ a^ Fht
Mlro Eus Eus
]yph
]hg. Shkelbgfot Ehelb
Eus Eus
(pu)
KW KZLU KW KZLU
<1 < 53 <: 98 5> 3
51 <.38 3 3 =3 95 <
91 < 58 53 <8 <5 3
=1
81
Obput Mltl
Eus '
Okphmlbso y pq / 5
Bdkdr Blkl
U a^ a^ Fht
Mlro Eus Eus
Fh
< *5 3.39 3.58 3.3339 < Eus<
<*9 3.359 3.3<7 3.3339 5 Eus5
5*9 3.3= 3.95 3.3339 9 Eus9
Mltl Shkelbgfot & Ehelb
Nlso` Shridellb
L`orlb Mlyl
Eus '
Okphmlbso y pq / 5
Bdkdr Blkl
U a^ a^ Fht
Mlro Eus Eus
Fh
< *5 3.39 3.58 3.3339 < Eus<
<*9 3.359 3.3<7 3.3339 5 Eus5
5*9 3.3= 3.95 3.3339 9 Eus9
Nlso` Shridellb
Shridellb ?
Obput Mltl
Mltl Yl`urlb 1
Eus '
Okphmlbso y pq / 5
Bdkdr Blkl
U a^ a^ Fht
Mlro Eus Eus
Fh
< *5 3.33? 3.59 3.339> < Eus<
<*9 3 3 3.3359 5 Eus5
<*= 3.3<5 3.39 3 9 Eus9
5*9 3.33: 3.3<8 3.33<5 9 Eus=
5*= 3.33>3 3.3<< 3.33=9 = Eus8
9*= 3.3<73 3.399 3.3395 8
Eus ]hg.
(pu) KWShkelbgK foZ
t LU KW EhelbKZLU ]yph
Eus
<1 < 83 =3 58 55 3
51 < 53 <: =3 95 3
91 <.38 3 3 <8 <9 <
=1 3 3 3 83 =3 3
]yph Eus 1 < ; Y`lif Eus, 3 ; Sv ’S\ Eus.
Eus '
U
Okphmlbso
a^
y pq /a5^ Bdkdr Blkl
Fht
Mlro Eus Eus
Fh
< *5 3.33? 3.59 3.3359 < Eus<
<*9 3 3 3 5 Eus5
<*= 3.3<5 3.39 3.339> 9 Eus9
5*9 3.33: 3.3<8 3.3395 9 Eus=
5*= 3.33>3 3.3<< 3.33<5 =
9*= 3.3<73 3.399 3.33=9 8
Mltl Shkelbgfot & Ehelb
Nlso` Shridellb
L`orlb Mlyl
Eus '
Okphmlbso y pq / 5
Bdkdr Blkl
U a^ a^ Fht
Mlro Eus Eus
Fh
< *5 3.33? 3.59 3.3359 < Eus<
<*9 3 3 3 5 Eus5
<*= 3.3<5 3.39 3.339> 9 Eus9
5*9 3.33: 3.3<8 3.3395 9 Eus=
Nlso` Shridellb
L`orlb Mlyl
Eus L`orlb Mlyl @lbgsubg L`orlb Mlyl El`of Uugo ]rlbs.
Mlro Fh KW KZLU O(pu) KW KZLU O(pu) KW KZLU
<*5 3.59 3.33 3.33<: 3.59 3.33 3.33<: 3.8 3.3
<*= 3.9> 3.33 3.335: 3.9> 3.33 3.335: 3.> 3.3
5*9 -7.83 -:.?> 3.3:?: >.<= :.>< 3.375< 3.: 3.5
5*= 3.<5 3.33 3.333> 3.<5 3.33 3.333> 3.5 3.3
9*= <7.=7 9>.99 3.5>:< -<:.9< -9>.?5 3.5>:7 <.5 3.:
UHFLSO]X@LY ]dtl` Shkelbgfotlb <5:.79 79.<5
O L@OULB ]dtl` Ehelb <93.33 <37.33
ML_L Uugo-Uugo ]rlbskoso 9.5: 3.7:
Shridellb <3
Obput Mltl
KZL Elsh 1 <33 Auk`ln Eus 1 8Auk`ln Ilelbg 1 :]d`hrlbso 1 3.333<
Mltl Yl`urlb 1
Eus '
Okphmlbso y pq / 5
Bdkdr Blkl
U a^ a^ Fht
Mlro Eus Eus
Fh
< *5 3.33? 3.35 3.339> < Eus<
<*9 3 3 3 5 Eus5
<*= 3 3 3 9 Eus9
<*8 3.3<5 3.359 3.3359 9 Eus=
5*9 3 3 3 3 Eus8
]yph
]hg. Shkelbgfot Ehelb
Eus Eus
(pu)
KW KZLU KW KZLU
<1 < 93 5= 53 <> <
51 <.38 73 8: 58 5< 3
91 < 83 =3 <3 >.8 <
=1 < 3 3 =3 95 <
81 < 3 3 83 =5 <
]yph Eus 1 < ; Y`lif Eus, 3 ; Sv ’S\ Eus.
Nlso` Shridellb
<
]dtl` Ehelb <=8.33 <5<.83
ML_L
<5?8.< 5:9=.?
Uugo-Uugo ]rlbskoso
8 ?
Lbl`osl
- Slml phridellb
phridellb ylbg phrtlkl moml momlplt
plt rhfl
rhflpotu`l
potu`lso
so mlyl mhbglb
tdtl` phkelbgfot ?<,7: KW mlb ->,>> KZLU mhbglb tdtl` ehelb
?3,33 KW mlb 75,33 shrtl rugo-rugo trlbskoso ylotu <,<8 KW mlb
3,7> KZLU.
- Slml vlrolsofh-5 <3 % momlplt rhflpotu`lso l`orlb mlyl mhbglb tdtl`
phkelbgf
phke lbgfot ot ?<,7> KWm
KWmlblb -?,<8 KZL
KZLU U mhbgl
mhbglb b tdtl` ehel
ehelb b ?3,33
KW mlb 75, 75,3333 KZL
KZLUU shr
shrtl
tl rug
rugo-ru
o-rugo
go trl
trlbsk
bskosooso <,5? KW mlb 3,>?
KZLU.
- Slml vlrolsofh-9
vlrolsofh-9 53% momlp
momlplt
lt rhflp
rhflpotu`ls
otu`lsoo l`orl
l`orlbb mlyl mhbglb tdtl`
phkelbgfot ?5,<5 KW mlb -?,3: KZLU mhbglb tdtl` ehelb ?3,33
KW ml mlbb 75,
75,3333 KZL
KZLUU mlb rugo-
rugo-rug
rugoo trl
trlbsk
bskoso
oso <,=
<,==
= KW ml mlbb <,3
<,35
5
KZLU.
- Slml
Sl ml vlvlro
rols
lsoo fh
fh-=
-= 93
93%
% moml
momlpl
pltt mo
moml
mlpl
pltt rh
rhfl
flpo
potu
tu`l
`lso
so l`
l`or
orlb
lb ml
mlyl
yl
Xbtuf phridellb ? 1
- Slml fdbmoso
fdbmoso 83% moml
momlplt
plt nlso
nlso`` rhflpotu
rhflpotu`lso
`lso l`orl
l`orlb
b mlyl mhbg
mhbglb
lb
tdtl`
tdtl` phk
phkelb
elbgfo
gfotlb
tlb <5?
<5?,>3
,>3 KW mlb :<, :<,55
55 KZL
KZLU U mhb
mhbglb
glb tdt
tdtl`
l`
ehelb <93 KW mlb <37 KZLU mlb rugo-rugo trlbskoso 5,?? KW
mlb 3,3? KZLU
- Slml fdbmoso
fdbmoso 78% moml
momlplt
plt nlso
nlso`` rhflpotu
rhflpotu`lso
`lso l`orl
l`orlb
b mlyl mhbg
mhbglb
lb
tdtl`
tdtl` phk
phkelb
elbgfo
gfotlb
tlb <55
<55,:5
,:5 KW mlb 88, 88,:>
:> KZL
KZLU U mhb
mhbglb
glb tdt
tdtl`
l`
Fhsokpu`lb Shridellb
Shridellb >1
Slml
Slm
thr l ut,
thrshe fd
fdbmo
sheut, bmoso
so lbgfl
shm
shmlbg53% bmlb
flb plm
plml93% mom
momlpl
l sll
sllt lplt
t fd t so
fdbmo nl
nlso`
bmoso so`
<3% ylb
ylbgg khb
nlskhbmhf
nlso`bylmhflto
o`byl lto
alu
alun l`o
l`orlb
n `he rlb
`heon mly
mlyl
on eh l
ehslr
slr
mlyl plml fdbmoso 53% mlb 93%. Xbtuf fdbmoso <3% ylotu ?<,7> KW, 53
% moml
momlpl
pltt ?5
?5,<,<5
5 KW ml mlbb ub
ubtu
tuf
f fd
fdbm
bmos
osoo 93
93%
% yl
ylotu
otu ?5
?5,8
,8>
> KW kl klfl
fl
mlpltmosokpu`flb elnwl shklfob fhio` fdbmosobyl klfl l`orlb mlyl ylbg
monlso`flb shklfob ehslr.
Shridellb ?1
Slml fdbmoso
fdbmoso 83% moml
momlplt
plt tdtl` ehe
ehelb
lb <5?,>
<5?,>3
3 KW, 78% ylotu <5
<55,:5%
5,:5%
mlb <33% momlp
momlplt
lt tdtl` ehelb <5:,
<5:,79%k
79%klfl
lfl mlplt fhsok
fhsokpu`l
pu`lb
b elnw
elnwl
l
susut alrobglb thrhbmln ehrlml plml fdbmoso 78%.
Shridellb <31
Lglr sultu sosthk thblgl `ostrof mlplt khkehroflb fhubtubglb plml
kdml
kdml`` yl
ylbg
bg motl
motlbl
blkf
kflb
lb,, ph
phbg
bgdp
dphr
hrls
lsol
olb
b yl
ylbg
bg el
elof
of lm
lml`
l`ln
ln sl
slbg
bglt
lt
phbtobg.Yultu khtdmh ml`lk uslnl khbhflb eolyl mlyl ylbg mol`orflb
lml`ln mhbglb al`lb khbsup`lo mlyl nlbyl mlro phkelbgfot ylbg pl`obg
ehrmly
ehrmlylgu
lgubl
bl plm
plml
l ehe
ehelb-
lb-ehe
ehelb
lb ylb
ylbg
g rob
robglb
glb.. Mhb
Mhbglb
glb khb
khbobg
obgflt
fltflb
flb
ehelb,
ehelb, mlyl lflb mosup
mosup`lo
`lo d`hn phkelbg
phkelbgfot
fot ylbg pl`obg ehrm
ehrmlylg
lylgubl
ubl
nobggl totof mlylgubl klfsokuk phkelbgfot otu thrilplo. Fhkumolb ubtuf
phbobg
phbobgflt
fltlb
lb eh
ehelb
elb sh`
sh`lba
lbautb
utbyl,
yl, phk
phkel
elbgf
bgfot
ot ehr
ehrofu
ofutby
tbyl
l ylb
ylbg
g pl`
pl`obb
obbg
g
Shridellb <9
Obput Mltl
Lmlfln Flrlfthrostof Shkelbgfot
Shkelbgfot V_/][ 1 ]
Auk`ln Xbot Shkelbgfot Dphrlso 1 5 (Klfs.=)
Auk`ln Mltl uao Ehelb Shkelbgfot 1 8
(Klfs.8)
<. Dutput
Shrslkllb Flrlfthrostof Shkelbgfotlb 1
9 <=<7?:
<=<7?: 9?:<
9?:<3>57
3>5755::
55:: 3 3 3 3 3 3 5833::5
5833::5 .5:=:7
.5:=:7
= <=
<=<7
<7 ?:9?
?:9?:
: <3
<3>5
>5 75 5:
5::
: 3 3 3 3 3 3 <58
583
3 ::
::5
5 .8
.85?
5?9=
9=
Shridellb <=
Obput Mltl
Lmlfln Flrlfthrostof Shkelbgfot
Shkelbgfot V_/][ 1 ]
Auk`ln Xbot Shkelbgfot Dphrlso 1 = (Klfs.=)
Auk`ln Mltl uao Ehelb Shkelbgfot 1 8
(Klfs.8)
9
= <
5833
33
3 9
8:
<?
: 5
95
3833
3 8
7=
93>
8 5533 8>3 9933 >=3
<. Dutput
Shrslkllb Flrlfthrostof Shkelbgfotlb 1
= 3 3 3 >83 87 53> <95: :: 95: 598< 7> 87< =85: <<38 .5==3:
8 3 3 3 7<7 => <77 <95< :: 958 59=< 7> 8:? =9>3 <373.5==98
: 3 3 3 798 =? <>< <955 :: 958 59=9 7> 8:? ==33 <378 .5==5?
> 3 3 3 9?< 5: <3> <9<3 :: 955 59<? 77 8:9 =353 ??9 .5=:??
<3 3 3 3 9?8 5: <3? <9<3 :: 955 59<? 77 8:9 =358 ??= .5=:?=
<< 3 3 3 =33 57 <<3 <9<< :: 955 5953 77 8:9 =393 ??8 .5=:>>
<5 3 3 3 =3? 57 <<5 <9<< :: 955 5953 77 8:9 =3=3 ??7 .5=:77
<9 3 3 3 798 =? <>< <955 :: 958 59=9 7> 8:? ==33 <378 .
5==5??
<= 3 3 3 >7< 8> 5<9 <957 :: 95: 5985 7> 87< =883 <<<3
.5==38?
<8 958 55 <<< <38= 73 58? <9== :7 99< 59>7 >3 8>3 8<<3 <5>3
.58388:
<: =9< 5? <9> <387 73 58? <9=> :7 99< 59?= >3 8>5 8593 <9<< .
58378:
<7 :=> =9 <?= <3:9 7< 5:< <988 :> 999 5=3? >3 8>: 8=78 <978 .
58<<78
<> <33< :7 5>7 <375 7< 5:9 <9:> :> 997 5=9= >< 8?9 8>78 <=7? .
58<>5?
53 55:< <8< :<> <<3= 7= 575 <=<5 7< 9=> 5859 >= :<: 7933 <>8= .
589?:?
5< <833 <33 =<7 <<<3 7= 579 <=53 7< 98< 589? >8 :53 :873 <::5 .
585?58
55 ?73 :8 57? <37< 7< 5:9 <9:7 :> 99: 5=95 >< 8?5 8>=3 <=73 .
58<7:=
59 :=> =9 <?= <3:9 7< 5:< <988 :> 999 5=3? >3 8>: 8=78 <978 .
58<<7>
5= <: < 93 <3=: 73 587 <999 :7 95> 59:8 7? 878 =7:3 <<?3 .
5=??57
Lbl`osl
mlro ehe
mlro ehehrl
hrlpl
pl ubo
ubott phk
phkelb
elbgf
gfot
ot phb
phbyh`
yh`hsl
hslobb
obbyl
yl mof
mofhbl
hbl`` mhb
mhbglb
glb stu
stumo
mo
@lgrlbgh Ku`top`ohr.
Fhsokpu`lb
Mlro ph
Mlro phrid
ridell
ellb b <=
<= mh
mhbgl
bglb
b auk
auk`ln
`ln ubo
ubott yl
ylbg
bg ehr
ehrdph
dphrls
rlsoo sh
shelb
elbylf
ylf =
mhbglb mltl uao ehelb phkelbgfot mhbglb flrlfthrostof phkelbgfotlb
Mhbglb prdmufso hbhrgo <<>=:KWn mlb eolyl phr FWN Up. 7=.7
SHBGHYLNLB
Srlftoflb Shbglwls
Fh`dkpdf 1 Blkl 1 Or. N. K. Bhjd L`lksyln, KK
Blkl 1 Slrlj 1
Mheey Lbmrolbsyln
Slrlj 1 ]lbggl`1
Obhrso
Obhrsol
l Yos
Yosth
thk
k 1 ?9>.5
?9>.5:
: KW-Yh
KW-Yhi.
i.
Ythp Sh`hplsl
Sh`hplslb
b 1 9
JUH\.YH]]@OBG
JUH\.YH]]@O BG 1 8.33 mhtof, =>.>8 Nz
Shridellb <7
Yolbg
OBSX] ML]L Y]XMO SH@HSLYLB EHELB MHBGLB XJU
Ythp Sh`hplslb 1 9
< =? 3 9
5 =>.8 3 9
9 8> 3 =
9 =>.8 <.
<.:8 <.7? 9.=3 =>.3
JUH\.YH]]@OBG
JUH\.YH]]@OBG 1 8.33 mhtof, =>.=? Nz
Kl`lk
Ythp Sh`hplslb 1 9
9 =>.33.79 3.>75.:==7.?
JUH\.YH]]@OBG
JUH\.YH]]@OBG 1 8.33 mhtof, =>.99 Nz
Lbl`osl
Fhsokpu`lb
Shridellb <:1
- Mlro phridellb <: momlplt auk`ln tlnlp shelbylf 9 tlnlp mlb ehslr
ehelb ylbg nlrus mo`hpls :3 KW.
Shridellb <71
- Mlro phridellb <7 mlro tle`h momlplt ubtuf auk`ln sthp ph`hplslb
fhmul-
fhmul-mul
mulbyl
byl she
shelby
lbylf
lf 9 sth
sthp
p mhb
mhbglb
glb sht
shttob
tobg
g 8,3
8,33
3 mht
mhtof
of ubt
ubtuf
uf
jrhquhbso =>.99Nz.
SHBGHYLNLB
Srlftoflb Shbglwls
Fh`dkpdf 1 Blkl 1 Or. N. K. Bhjd L`lksyln, KK
Blkl 1 Slrlj 1
Mheey Lbmrolbsyln
Slrlj 1 ]lbggl`1