Meaning - Summary

Reminder
After if and when, we generally use these present tenses to talk about the future:
If introduces a condition. The result depends on the condition.
"If you're going camping on Friday night, I can come." 
When means "at / after a certain time".
"The campsite floods when it rains."

Important
These kinds of sentences are called conditional sentences. Using present
tenses with if and when produces two types of conditional, 'zero' and 'first'.

Example
We use the zero conditional to talk about:

 Rules / truths / facts

"Jack doesn’t go out when it rains."

"I go crazy if I spend too much time in the office."
*Here, we are not talking about the future. Instead, we mean 'always'.

 Give instructions

"When you see the petrol station, turn right ... the campsite is on that road."
"Let me know if you need any help."

Important
Notice that the most common present tense in zero conditional sentences is
the present simple. 
It is used in both parts of the sentence, the if/when part and the result part. 
We use the imperative when giving instructions in these sentences.
 Example
We use the first conditional to talk about:

 warnings / threats

"He won't be happy if he gets wet!"

 offers / suggestions

"If there isn't any food at the campsite, we can go to the pub."

 any other future actions that depend on a condition

"If the weather is nice, I'm going to go camping."

"You'll have to sleep in the car if it's raining."

Important
Notice that first conditional sentences are normally made with the word
'if' and not 'when'.
Notice that the most common tenses in the if part of a first conditional sentence
are the present simple and present continuous.
We normally use 'will' to talk about the result part. We can also use modal
verbs and going to + verb.

Form - Summary
Reminder
There are two clauses or 'parts' in a conditional sentence.
Their position is interchangeable. Remember to put a comma after the if /
when clause.

Example
If you haven’t got a sleeping bag, just bring some blankets.
 Just bring some blankets if you haven’t got a sleeping bag. 

Reminder
Most of the time, the zero conditional looks like this:
If + subject + verb (present simple), subject + verb (present simple) ...
The first conditional looks like this:
If + subject + verb, subject + will + verb (base form) ...
We can use verbs in the:
present simple
present continuous
present perfect
or, 'going to' + verb
We can replace will with:
can or should.