World of 10 Gbps − The Lower Layers

OC-192 STM-64 OTU2 10 Gigabit Ethernet 10 Gigabit Fibre Channel GFP-F in OTU2
STS-192 Frame Structure STM-64 Frame Structure OTU2 Frame Structure 802.3 MAC Frame Structure FC-2 Frame Structure GFP-F without Preamble in OTU2
7 bytes 1 byte 6 bytes 6 bytes 4 bytes 2 bytes 46 to 1500 bytes 4 bytes 4 bytes 24 bytes 0 to 2112 bytes (multiple of 4) 4 bytes 4 bytes
192 x 90 columns (bytes) 64 x 270 columns (bytes) Column (bytes)
Optional Destination Source VLAN Type/
Destination Source VLAN Type/ SOF Header Payload CRC EOF MAC Preamble SFD MAC Payload 4 FCS
bytes
Preamble SFD MAC Payload FCS Header MAC Address MAC Address (Optional) Length

1904
1905

1920
1921

3824
3825

4080
64 x 9 columns 64 x 261 columns MAC Address MAC Address (Optional) Length
192 x 3 columns 192 x 87 columns

14
15
16
17
Row

7
8
FA OTU2
OH Fixed R_ D_ID CS_ S_ID Type F_CTL SEQ_ DF_ SEQ_ OX_ RX_ Parameter UPI=0x01

Section
Regenerator Stuff
RS CTL CTL/P ID CTL CNT ID ID 2 bytes 2 bytes 1 byte 1 byte 2 bytes 1 byte 1 byte 2 bytes N bytes

OPU2 OH
Bytes
Section (for
1 byte 3 bytes 1 byte 3 bytes 1 byte 3 bytes 1 byte 1 byte 2 bytes 2 bytes 2 bytes 4 bytes
GFP-F cHEC P tHEC eHEC
Overhead Overhead
OPU2 Payload
OC-192/
OPU2 Payload OTU2 FEC
– Converts between MAC data stream and the parallel data paths of the XGMII
PLI
CRC-16
PTI F
I
EXI UPI
CRC-16
CID Spare
CRC-16
Client Payload
1 ODU2 OH STM-64
mapping) – Generates continuous data or control characters (such as idle characters) Core Header Type Header Optional Linear
GFP-F supports an optional
Admin. Unit Pointer(s) 2 – Participates in link fault detection and reporting 10GFC Primitives pFCS CRC-32, not used in this
9 Rows

Extension Header

Pointer(s) & Pointer
Action Bytes
9 Rows
application, that follows
STS-192 Envelope Capacity (includes POH) STM-64 Virtual Container (includes POH) These map into the 64B/66B PCS and have corresponding primitives used at the Fibre Channel Column (bytes) the client payload
3
OTU2 Frame Structure

3824
3825

4080
PCS and XGMII rates (as in FC-FS)

14
15
16
17
Row

1
7
8
Multiplex Section 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 (Transmit direction) Primitive Name Function Ordered Set
1 FA OTU2
Line Overhead Overhead SOFc1_X SOF Connect Class 1 K27.7 D21.5 D23.0 D23.0 OH

OPU2 OH
1 FAS MFAS SM GCC0 RES First Transfer Second Transfer SOFi1_X SOF Initiate Class 1 K27.7 D21.5 D23.2 D23.2 2
TXD<0> TXD<31> TXD<0> TXD<31> (32-bit wide)
TCM
SOFn1_X SOF Normal Class 1 K27.7 D21.5 D23.1 D23.1 OTU2 FEC
2 RES TCM6 TCM5 TCM4 FTFL SOFi2_X SOF Initiate Class 2 K27.7 D21.5 D21.2 D21.2 3 ODU2 OH
ACT
OPU2 OH XGMII Lane 0 Lane 1 Lane 2 Lane 3 Lane 0 Lane 1 Lane 2 Lane 3 SOFn2_X SOF Normal Class 2 K27.7 D21.5 D21.1 D21.1 OPU2 Payload
3 TCM3 TCM2 TCM1 PM EXP 4

PSI
SOFi3_X SOF Initiate Class 3 K27.7 D21.5 D22.2 D22.2
Sync Header SOFn3_X SOF Normal Class 3 K27.7 D21.5 D22.1 D22.1 BMP with PT=0x05
4 GCC1 GCC2 APS/PCC RES Output of
64B/66B Encoder D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 SOFc4_X SOF Activate Class 4 K27.7 D21.5 D25.0 D25.0
SM, PM, and TCMi (i = 1…6) also SOFi4_X SOF Initiate Class 4 K27.7 D21.5 D25.2 D25.2
STS-192 TOH and STS POH STM-64 SOH and Higher Order POH 1 2 3 (bytes) BMP
15 16
AMP
15
GMP
16 Output of Scrambler Scrambler
SOFn4_X
SOFf_X
SOF Normal Class 4
SOF Fabric
K27.7
K27.7
D21.5
D21.5
D25.1
D24.2
D25.1
D24.2
GFP-F with Preamble in OTU2 with Extended OPU2
TTI BIP-8 1 RES JC 1 JC4 JC1 EOFt_X EOF Terminate D21.4 D21.3 D21.3 K29.7
STS-192 TOH STS STM-64 SOH HO 2 RES JC 2 JC5 JC2 Destination Source VLAN Type/
Trasmit Block
EOFdt_X EOF Disconnect Terminate Class 1 D21.4 D21.4 D21.4 K29.7 MAC /S/ Preamble SFD
MAC Address MAC Address (Optional) Length
MAC Payload 4 FCS
bytes
POH POH S0 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 EOF Deactivate Terminate Class 4
193

385

576

3 JC 3 JC3

129

193

257

321

385

449

513

576
RES JC6
65

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 (bits) EOFa_X EOF Abort D21.4 D21.7 D21.7 K29.7 UPI=0x13

1

A1 A1 A2 A2 J0 Z0 J1 J1 0 4 PSI NJO PJO 4 PSI RES EOFn_X EOF Normal D21.4 D21.6 D21.6 K29.7
(0x14 for
A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A2 A2 A2 A2 A2 A2 J0 Z0 X X X X ordered sets)

PM

BDI
B3 B3 BEI STAT EOFni_X EOF Normal Invalid D10.4 D21.6 D21.6 K29.7
B1 undefined E1 undefined F1 undefined B1 D D D D E1 D D F1 X X X X X SAPI Gearbox
Sync Header (2-bit wide): EOFdti_X EOF Disconnect Terminate Invalid Class 1 D10.4 D21.4 D21.4 K29.7
2 bytes 2 bytes 1 byte 1 byte 2 bytes N bytes
D1 undefined D2 undefined D3 undefined C2
D1 D D D D D2 D D D3
C2 15
01 Data block PCS EOF Disconnect Deactivate Invalid Class 4 P 0
16 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 (bits) 0 PT GFP-F PLI
cHEC
PTI F EXI UPI
tHEC x
Client Payload
H1 H1 H2 H2 H3 H3 G1 H1 H1 ^ H2 H2 * H3 H3 G1 10 Control block CRC-16 CRC-16 5
^ ^ ^ * * * To PMA or WIS (16-bit wide)
I 5

TCMi
B2 B2 K1 undefined K2 undefined F2 F2 DAPI 1

BDI
B2 B2 B2 B2 B2 B2 K1 K2 BEI/BIAE STAT EOFrt_X EOF Remove Terminate Class 4 D21.4 D25.4 D25.4 K29.7 Core Header Type Header
D4 undefined D5 undefined D6 undefined H4 H4 31 Mapping
D4 D5 D6 EOFrti_X EOF Remove Terminate Invalid Class 4 D10.4 D25.4 D25.4 K29.7
D7 undefined D8 undefined D9 undefined 32 & Concat.
Z3 D7 D8 D9 F3 IDLE Idle k07 k07 k07 k07 OTU2 Frame Structure
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 (bits)
64B/66B PCS Block Format
Column (bytes)
D10 undefined D11 undefined D12 undefined Specific

3824
3825

4080
Z4 D10 D11 D12 K3 Operator
R_RDY_X Receiver Ready K28.2 D21.4 D10.2 D10.2 With Extended OPU2

14
15
16
17
BDI
IAE
SM
S1 Z2 E2 undefined Row

1
7
8
Z5 S1 E2 X X X X X N1 Specific BEI/BIAE RES VC_RDY_X Virtual Circuit Ready K28.2 D21.7 VC_ID VC_ID
255 Input Data Block Payload BB_SCs_X Buffer to Buffer State Change (SOF) K28.2 D21.4 D22.4 D22.4 1 FA OTU2

OPU2 OH used for

SYNC
OH

payload data
194
195
196

256

BB_SCr_X Buffer to Buffer State Change (R_RDY) K28.2 D21.4 D22.6 D22.6
194
195
196

208
209

255
256

272
273

320
321

336
337

384

Coding for ^ and * pointer bytes 63 2

M0 M1 Port State Machine Primitives
Z2 M1 Z2 undefined Z2 undefined Z2 undefined Unscrambled bytes AU-4 Pointer AU-3 Pointer Bit Position 01 2 65 OTU2 FEC
Data Block Format OLS_X Offline K28.4 D21.1 D10.4 D21.2 3 ODU2 OH
X Reserved for national use ^ 1001SS11 H1
D0D1D2D3/D4D5D6D7 01 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 LR_X Link Reset K28.4 D9.2 D31.5 D9.2
OPU2 Extended Payload
128
129

144
145

192

* All 1s byte H2
64

80
65

81
16
17

D Media-dependent bytes Control Block Formats Block Type LRR_X Link Reset Response K28.4 D21.1 D31.5 D9.2 4

PSI
2

Field
Z1 undefined Z1 undefined Z1 undefined Reserved SS bits are unspecified ODU2 Multiplexing C0C1C2C3/C4C5C6C7 0x1e
LF Local Fault K28.4 D00.0 D00.0 D01.0
ODU1 10 C0 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7
ODU1 Payload ODU1 RF Remote Fault (NOS equivalent) K28.4 BMP with PT=0x09
OH C0C1C2C3/O4D5D6D7 10 0x2d C0 C1 C2 C3 O4 D5 D6 D7 D00.0 D00.0 D02.0
Unscrambled bytes C0C1C2C3/S4D5D6D7 10 0x33 C0 C1 C2 C3 D5 D6 D7
O0D1D2D3/S4D5D6D7 10 0x66 D1 D2 D3 O0 D5 D6 D7
ODTU12
ODU1 (AMP) in ODU2 with 2.5G TS JOH ODU1 ODTU12 O0D1D2D3/O4D5D6D7 10 0x55 D1
D1
D2
D2
D3
D3
O0
D4
O4 D5 D6 D7
S0D1D2D3/D4D5D6D7 10 0x78 D5 D6 D7
O0D1D2D3/C4C5C6C7 10 0x4b D1 D2 D3 O0 C4 C5 C6 C7
SONET Multiplexing Structure SDH Multiplexing Structure Classes of Service Code Conversion to Bits

10G OTN Extended

T0C1C2C3/C4C5C6C7 10 0x87 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7
D0T1C2C3/C4C5C6C7 10 0x99 D0 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 Class 1 Dedicated Connection Code notation is Zxx.y, where Z is D (data) or K (control)
D0D1T2C3/C4C5C6C7 10 0xaa D0 D1 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7
ODTU12 ODTU12 ODU1 ODU1 ODTUG2 D0D1D2T3/C4C5C6C7 10 0xb4 D0 D1 D2 C4 C5 C6 C7 Class 2 Multiplex (connectionless xx is a decimal number based on 5 bits: EDCBA
JOH
x4 JOH x4 D0D1D2D3/T4C5C6C7 10 0xcc D0 D1 D2 D3 C5 C6 C7 with acknowledgment) y is a number based on 3 bits: HGF
C-3 C-2 C-12 C-11 D0D1D2D3/D4T5C6C7 10 0xd2 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 C6 C7
D0D1D2D3/D4D5T6C7 10 0xe1 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 C7 Class 3 Datagram (connectionless) Code ZEDCBA.HGF corresponds to hex: HGFE DCBA
ODTUG2 (PT=0x20)
VC-3 VC-2 VC-12 VC-11
D0D1D2D3/D4D5D6T7 10 0xff D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 Class 4 Fractional Bandwidth OTU1e and OTU1f Frame Structure
(uses virtual circuits) Example
OPU2
OH OPU2 Payload OPU2 Class 6 Multicast Connection D28.5 corresponds to hex: BC Column (bytes)
10GE LAN Client for OTU1e
TU-3 TU-2 TU-12 TU-11 Primitive code D28.5 is 0xBC at the PCS sublayer 10G Fibre Channel Client for OTU1f
VT1.5 VT2 VT3 VT6
WIS

3824
3825

4080
ODU2 Row
ODU2 Payload

14
15
16
17
1

7
8
x4 x3 x2 x1 x1 x1 x3 x4 OH ODU2 Data from PCS (16-bit wide) Data to PCS (16-bit wide) Fibre Channel Terms 1 FA OTU
TUG-2 WIS Service Interface Credits The maximum number of buffers available to receive frames OH
ODU0 (GMP), ODU1 (AMP), and ODUflex (GMP) in ODU2 with 1.25G TS
Exchange One or more related sequences identified by OX_ID and RX_ID 2

OPU OH
x7 x7
TUG-3 ODU ODU ODU0 ODU0 ODU1 Transmit Payload Receive Payload Frame Unit of information at FC-2 OPU Payload OTU FEC
OH Payload ODU OH Payload ODU0 ODU1 Payload ODU1
OH Mapping Mapping Login How a port sets its operating environment with other ports 3 ODU OH
DS3 VTG
x3 C-4 C-4-4c C-4-16c C-4-64c Ordered Set A word composed of special characters (K) and data characters (D) 4
ODTU2.ts ODTU2.1 ODTU12 Insert POH Remove POH
JOH ODU (ODUflex) JOH ODU0 JOH ODU1 ODTU Generate POH Process POH Sequence One or more data frames with a common SEQ_ID
x1 x7 and Fixed Stuff (and fixed stuff columns) (and fixed stuff columns) and Fixed Stuff
Columns Columns
STS-1 STS-3c STS-12c STS-48c STS-192c VC-3 VC-4 VC-4-4c VC-4-16c VC-4-64c
SPE SPE SPE SPE SPE Process Pointer OTU2e and OTU2f Frame Structure
ODTU2.ts
ODTU12 ODTU2.ts ODTU2.1
ODTU12 ODTU2.1 ODTU12 ODTU12
AU-3 AU-4 AU-4-4c AU-4-16c AU-4-64c JOH JOH JOH JOH JOH JOH ODUflex ODUflex ODU0 ODU0 ODU1 ODU1 ODTUG2 Insert LOH Generate Process Remove LOH
STS-1 STS-3 STS-12 STS-48 or MSOH LOH or MSOH LOH or MSOH or MSOH 10GE LAN Client (or 10GFC with transcoding/GFP) for OTU2e
x3 x1 x1 x1 x1
x 192 x 64 x 16 x4 x1
AUG-1 ODTUG2 (PT=0x21)
PCS Sublayer Column (bytes)
10G Fibre Channel Client for OTU2f
Insert SOH Generate Process Remove SOH

1904
1905

1920
1921

3824
3825

4080
x4 or RSOH SOH or RSOH SOH or RSOH or RSOH
As in 10GE, 10GFC uses the same:

14
15
16
17
AUG-4 Row

7
8
STS-192 OPU2
OPU2 Payload
OH OPU2 – 64B/66B PCS Block Format (see 10GE) 1 OTU
x4 AUG-16
FA OH
Pointer Processing Scrambler Descrambler – PCS and XGMII (see 10GE)

OPU OH
2 Fixed
OC-192 Multiplexing x4 AUG-64 ODU2
ODU2 Payload 10GFC primitives map into the 64B/66B PCS Block Format OPU Payload OPU Payload OTU FEC
OH ODU2 WIS Stuff
3 ODU OH
Aligning Bytes
Parallel STS-192c/VC-4-64c Parallel STS-192c/VC-4-64c
Mapping STM-64 Frame Data to PMA Frame Data from PMA 4

(16-bit wide) (16-bit wide)

BMP
15 16
Signal Processing Signal Processing Signal Processing Signal Processing Signal Processing 1 RES RES
2 RES RES BMP used with OTU1e/OTU2e
Client FC-4 3 RES RES and OTU1f/OTU2f clients
Payload Payload Upper Layers (e.g., IP)
(e.g., STS-192/STM-64, Upper Layer Mapping 4 RES
Wavelengths (e.g., GFP) Wavelengths (e.g., GFP) 10GBASE-W, GFP-F)
1 1310 nm 1 1310 nm FC-3
LLC
2 1550 nm 2 1550 nm Common Services
Typical wavelength
OPU2 802.3 MAC
FC-2 Signal Processing
Reach Applications 1550 nm range Framing and Signaling
SR Short reach POH I Intra-Office PTR POH OH
FC-1 Typical wavelength Client
IR Intermediate reach S Short-Haul RS (i.e., 10GBASE-R,
(FC-FS) 1550 nm range
LR Long reach L Long-Haul 10G FIBRE CHANNEL)

VR Very-long reach ODU2 10GFC

XGMII XGMII
Examples OH Translation/Mapping
Examples LOH S-64.2b Short-Haul STM-64 1550 nm MSOH 10GFC Primitive OPU
IR-1 1310 nm L-64.1 Long-Haul STM-64 1310 nm 64B/66B PCS 64B/66B PCS
Sequence Qualification OH
IR-2 1550 nm
OTU2 OTU FEC WIS PMA XGMII
OH
SOH RSOH ODU
PMA PMD 64B/66B PCS
OH

OTU2 PMD PMA

10.70923 Gbps ±20 ppm
Optical Serial Interfaces Optical Serial Interfaces OTU OTU FEC
STM-64 PMD
OC-192 10GBASE-SW 850 nm WAN 10GBASE-SR 850 nm LAN OH
9.95328 Gbps ±20 ppm 9.95328 Gbps ±20 ppm 10GBASE-LW 1310 nm WAN 10GBASE-LR 1310 nm LAN
10GBASE-EW 1550 nm WAN 10GBASE-ER 1550 nm LAN Optical Serial Interfaces
1200-MX-SN-I 850 nm OTU1e 11.04911 Gbps ±100 ppm
10GBASE-W (10GE WAN) 10GBASE-R (10GE LAN) 1200-SM-LL-L 1310 nm OTU1f 11.27009 Gbps ±100 ppm
9.95328 Gbps ±20 ppm 10.3125 Gbps ±100 ppm OTU2e 11.09573 Gbps ±100 ppm
BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error EOF End of Frame GCC General Communication MAC Media Access Control OX_ID Originator Exchange ID
(±4.6 ppm for Synchronous Ethernet) 10GFC
Acronyms BIP-8 Bit Interleaved Parity-8 EXI Extension Header Identifier Channel MFAS Multi-Frame Alignment Signal P Priority 10.51875 Gbps ±100 ppm
OTU2f 11.31764 Gbps ±100 ppm
BMP Bit-synchronous Mapping Procedure EXP Experimental GFP Generic Framing Procedure MSOH Multiplex Section Overhead PCS Physical Coding Sublayer
10GFC 10 Gigabit Fibre Channel CID Channel ID F_CTL Frame Control GMP Generic Mapping Procedure NJO Negative Justification PFCS Payoload Frame Check Sequence
AMP Asynchronous Mapping Procedure C-N Container-N FA Frame Alignment HEC Header Error Check Opportunity PFI Payload FCS Indicator R_CTL Routing Control SEQ_CNT Sequence Count
APS Automatic Protection Switching CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check FAS Frame Alignment Signal IAE Incoming Alignment Error OC Optical Carrier PLI Payload Length Indicator RS Reconciliation Sublayer SEQ_ID Sequence Identifier SONET Synchronous Optical Network STS-Nc STS-N Contiguously TU-N Tributary Unit-N VLAN Virtual LAN
AUG-N Administrative Unit Group-N CS_CTL Class Specific Control FC-FS Fibre Channel-Framing and Signaling JC Justification Control ODU Optical channel Data Unit PMA Physical Media Attachment RSOH Regenerator Section Overhead SFD Start Frame Delimiter SPE Synchronous Payload Envelope Concatenated Type Data Structure Type VT Virtual Tributary
AU-N Administrative Unit-N D_ID Destination Identifier FCS Frame Check Sequence JOH Justification Overhead OH Overhead PMD Physical Media Dependent RX_ID Responder Exchange ID SOF Start of Frame STM Synchronous Transfer Module TOH Transport Overhead (section UPI User Payload Identifier VTG Virtual Tributary Group
BDI Backward Defect Indication DAPI Destination Access Point Identifier FEC Forward Error Correction LLC Logical Link Control OPU Optical channel Payload Unit POH Path Overhead S_ID Source Identifier SOH Section Overhead (regenerator section STS-N Synchronous Transport Signal + line overhead) VC-4-Nc VC-4 Contiguously Concatenated WIS WAN Interface Sublayer
BEI Backward Error Indication DF_CTL Data Field Control FTFL Fault Type and Fault Location LOH Line Overhead OTU Optical channel Transport Unit PTI Payload Type Identifier SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy + multiplex section overhead) Level N TUG-N Tributary Unit Group-N VC-N Virtual Container N XGMII 10 Gigabit Media Independent Interface

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References:
SONET Telcordia GR-253-Core and ANSI T1.105
SDH ITU-T G.707 and G.691
OTN ITU-T G.709 and G.798
10GE IEEE 802.3 and ITU-T G.8262
10GFC ANSI INCITS 364-2002 and ANSI INCITS FC-FST 11/Project 1331-D
GFP ITU-T G.7041
Product specifications and descriptions in this document subject to change without notice. © 2010 JDS Uniphase Corporation June 2010 30149150 003 0610 10GBPS.PO.LAB.TM.AE