SURGERY

ASSIGNMENT

SUBMITTED BY: Ahsan Hayat

ROLL NUMBER: 01
DEPARTMENT: DPT (8th semester)
DATE: 13-12-22
 ACUTE PANCREATITIS

 DEFINITION;
Acute pancreatitis is a condition in which activated
pancreatic enzymes leak into the substance of the pancreas and initiate
auto-digestion of the gland.

 CAUSES;
It is commonly caused by gall stones, alcohol intake or
may be idiopathic. Rare causes include hypercalcemia, Infection
(Mumps etc.), trauma, organ transplant etc.

 CLINICAL PRESENTATION;
Patient may clinically present with
 Mild epigastric pain
 Nausea
 Vomiting
 Severe pancreatitis may present
as septic shock
 Fever
 Hypotension
 Respiratory distress
 Grey turner’s sign (discoloration
in left flank)
  Cullen’s sign (discoloration
around umbilicus)

 COMPLICATIONS;
Major complications include shock, renal failure,
hypoxia, hyperglycemia, hypocalcaemia, pseudo cyst, ascites etc.

 MANAGEMENT;
In most patients it is a mild disease that subsides
spontaneously within several days. In severe patients withhold food
intake by mouth, bed rest, and Nasogastric suctioning.