MSC Curriculum Final Approved Version (04112015)

CONTENTS
TITLES PAGES
1. Introduction .................................................................................................. 1
2. Rationale ................................................................................................... 2
3. Objectives .................................................................................................... 2
4. Graduate Profile ....................................................................................... 2
5. Admission Requirements ............................................................................ 2
6. Duration of Study ........................................................................................ 2
7. List of Modules and Courses ................................................................ 3
7.1. Compulsory Module and Courses .................................................... 3
7.2. Specialization Module and Courses .................................................. 3
8. Specialization Areas ........................................................................................ 4
9. Graduation Requirements ............................................................................ 4
10. Specialization Areas and Courses .................................................... 5
11. Degree Nomenclature ............................................................................ 7
12. Course Descriptions and Modes of Delivery ........................................ 7
12.1 Modes of Teaching and Learning .................................................... 7
12.2. Modes of Evaluation ................................................................ 8
12.3. Course Descriptions ................................................................ 8
12.3.1. Courses in Compulsory Module ............................ 8
12.3.2. Courses in Specialization Module ............................ 14
13. Appendices ........................................................................................ 38
13.1. Program Schedule ............................................................................ 38
13.2. Module and Course Codes and Sequence ............................ 38
13.2.1. Course Coding and Sequence ........................................ 38
13.2.2. Module Coding ................................................................ 39
13.3. Academic Staffs Profile ................................................................ 40
13.4. Main Facilities ............................................................................. 41
The MSc Program in Physics
1. Introduction
In 1981 the Department launched a two-year graduate program leading to MSc degree in physics.
The two-year program had continued until 2009. Since September 2009, the Department has been
offering MSc program with three semester duration based on modules and graduate project/thesis.
The Department has provided modular teaching and graduate project/thesis work in nine areas of
specialization. The modular MSc program has thesis or project options. In the thesis based option, a
graduate student was required to take six compulsory courses and three specialization courses
from one area of specialization. On the other hand, in the graduate project based option, a
graduate student was required to take seven compulsory courses and three specialization courses
from one area of specialization. Based on the three-semester program the Department has
graduated more than 150 students.
However, most students could not finish within the scheduled time. It is because that the problems
selected for thesis/project work need to meet the minimum accepted standard and in view of this
and the students relatively "poor" educational background when joining the program it is found out
that it is impossible to attain this without compromising the standard and quality of the research
output expected of students. As a result, the Department has proposed that the duration MSc
program to be two years, i.e., with additional one semester for thesis/project work, and revised the
curriculum accordingly.
Hence, the Department intends to provide modular teaching and graduate thesis/project work in
thirteen areas of specialization - with the introduction of four "new" specialization areas in
Polymer Physics, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Modeling and Simulation of Novel Materials,
and Phase Integral Method. In fact, Polymer Physics was introduced in the curriculum prior to the
modular one. However, even if the demand for graduates in the field (Polymer Physics) is immense
and the Polymer Lab in the Department is among the best-equipped, it was suspended due to the
absence of qualified staff. Now, as the required staff is available it is re-introduced. Similarly, in
addition to the usual and well established theoretical and experimental Physics, nowadays, physics
education and research at graduate level is being carried out through modeling and simulations. In
order to be at the forefront and in view of the obvious scarcity and high demand with graduates in
those areas across the country, it has been found necessary to introduce the latter three new
specialization areas.
The courses in the thiteen areas of specialization are bundled into two modules: Compulsory
Module (51 ECTS) consisting of seven courses and Specialization Modules (16 ECTS) consisting of
two courses in each of the specialization areas. In the present curriculum, the number of courses
given in a given specialization area are "reduced" to two. It is because that the ECTS assigned
during the previous curricula do not reflect the "actual" work-load expected of students.
Consequently, the three specialization courses are merged into two, while keeping all the course
contents contained in the former curricula intact.
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Accordingly, a graduate student must take seven courses (51 ECTS) from the compulsory module
and two courses (16 ECTS) from the specialization module from one's area of specialization.
2. Rationale
It is now widely believed that science and technology are very essential for socio-economic
developments. In line with this, presently there is a great demand for Physics graduates. We
strongly believe that this MSc program will meet the demand partially.
3. Objectives
The program is designed for graduate students who would eventually:
 pursue a career in teaching and/ or research.
 pursue a career in industry, government or private organizations.
The graduates are expected to have:
 intellectual and communication skills necessary to present and articulate research findings
in verbal and written formats.
 skills of numerical manipulations, analytical analysis, and data analysis using computer
software.
4. Graduate Profiles
On completion of the MSc program a graduate student will be able to:
 understand the physical basis of the operation of instruments used in physics,
 understand the essential mathematical descriptions of physical phenomena, and
 use computer software to analyze data.
5. Admission Requirements
In order to be admitted to the MSc program,
 The applicant must have a BSc degree in physics.
 The applicant with BEd degree in physics or equivalent may be given admission provided
that he /she will take remedial courses proposed by the Department Graduate Committee
(DGC).
 The applicant must score a result for the MSc entrance examination in the range that will be
fixed by the DGC.
 The applicant must also meet the general admission requirements of the University.
6. Duration of Study
The new MSc program will be offered in four semesters. Each compulsory course will be offered
over a duration of four months, or over a duration of two months in the case of specialization
courses provided that one is prerequisite to another.
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7. List of Modules and Courses
7.1 Compulsory Module and Courses
Compulsory Module
Module No. Course No. Course Title ECTS
Phys 601 Mathematical Methods of Physics 7
Phys 602 Electromagnetic Theory 8
Phys 603 Statistical Mechanics 7
Phys-M600 Phys 604 Quantum Mechanics 8
Phys 605 Computational Physics 7
Phys 606 Experimental Physics 7
Phys 607 Classical Mechanics 7
7.2 Specialization Modules and Courses

Specialization Modules
Phys 711 Principles of Lasers and their Applications 8
Phys 713 Laser Spectroscopy I 8
Phys-M711
Phys 715 Phase Integral Method I 8
Phys 717 Phase Integral Method II 8
Phys 721 Space Physics I 8
Phys-M721
Phys 723 Space Physics II 8
Phys 731 Introduction to Atmospheric Physics 8
Phys-M731
Phys 733 Radiative Transfer in the Atmosphere 8
Phys 741 Condensed Matter Physics I 8
Phys 743 Condensed Matter Physics II 8
Phys-M741
Phys 745 Polymer Physics 8
Phys 747 The Physics of Solar Cells 8
Phys 751 Relativistic Astrophysics 8
Phys-M751
Phys 753 Stellar Equilibrium and Evolution 8
Phys 761 Nuclear Physics I 8
Phys 763 Nuclear Physics II 8
Phys-M761
Phys 765 Magnetic Resonance Imaging I 8
Phys 767 Magnetic Resonance Imaging II 8
Phys 771 Statistical Physics I 8
Phys 773 Statistical Physics II 8
Phys-M771
Phys 775 Advanced Computational Physics 8
Phys 777 Computational Materials Physics 8
Phys 781 Quantum Field Theory I 8
Phys-M781
Phys 783 Quantum Field Theory II 8
Phys 791 Quantum Optics I 8
Phys-M791
Phys 793 Quantum Optics II 8
Phys-M792 Phys 799/798 Graduate Thesis/Project 30/23
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8. Specialization Areas
The MSc program is delivered in thirteen specialization areas listed below:
1) Laser Spectroscopy
2) Space Physics
3) Atmospheric Physics
4) Condensed Matter Physics
5) Astronomy - Astrophysics
6) Magnetic Resonance Imaging
7) Nuclear Physics
8) Statistical Physics
9) Quantum Field Theory
10) Quantum Optics
11) Polymer Physics
12) Modeling and Simulation of Novel Materials
13) Phase Integral Method
9. Graduation Requirements
 A graduate student must take the seven courses from the compulsory module (49 ECTS) with a
minimum CGPA of 3.00 and with no grades below "D" in any of the courses.
 In addition, a graduate student who aspires to do thesis/project must take two courses (16
ECTS) from the specialization module, and a graduate thesis/project.
 The graduate student must undertake a graduate thesis/project on an approved topic under the
supervision of an advisor. Whether a graduate student will undertake a graduate project or
thesis will be decided by the student in consultation with his advisor, and subsequently needs
the approval of DGC.
 The graduate thesis shall constitute individual effort to carry out a fairly adequate investigation
of a selected problem in theoretical or experimental physics.
 The graduate student must satisfactorily defend the graduate thesis/project work before an
examination committee.
 The examination committee, both for thesis and project, shall be composed of two examiners,
the advisor and a chairman as set by the University. The advisor will be excused during the final
evaluation (grading) session. A thesis which is defended and accepted by the examination
committee shall be rated as "Excellent", "Very Good", "Good", or "Satisfactory". A
rejected thesis shall be rated as "Fail". On the other hand a project which is defended
and accepted by the examination committee shall be rated with letter grades, similar to
the other courses.
 The graduate student must also fulfill all other requirements set by the University.
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10. Specialization Areas and Courses
A graduate student is expected to choose one of the following areas of specialization.
I. Laser Spectroscopy
Phys 711 Principles of Lasers and their Applications 8
Phys-M711
Phys 713 Laser Spectroscopy I 8
II. Space Physics

Phys 721 Space Physics I 8
Phys-M721
Phys 723 Space Physics II 8
III. Atmospheric Physics

Phys 731 Introduction to Atmospheric Physics 8
Phys-M731
Phys 733 Radiative Transfer in the Atmosphere 8
IV. Condensed Matter Physics

Phys 741 Condensed Matter Physics I 8
Phys-M741
Phys 743 Condensed Matter Physics II 8
V. Astronomy-Astrophysics

Phys 751 Relativistic Astrophysics 8
Phys-M751
Phys 753 Stellar Equilibrium and Evolution 8
VI. Nuclear Physics

Phys 761 Nuclear Physics I 8
Phys-M761
Phys 763 Nuclear Physics II 8
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VII. Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Phys 765 Magnetic Resonance Imaging I 8
Phys-M761
Phys 767 Magnetic Resonance Imaging II 8
VIII. Statistical Physics

Phys 771 Statistical Physics I 8
Phys-M771
Phys 773 Statistical Physics II 8
IX. Quantum Field Theory

Phys 781 Quantum Field Theory I 8
Phys-M781
Phys 783 Quantum Field Theory II 8
X. Quantum Optics

Phys 791 Quantum Optics I 8
Phys-M791
Phys 793 Quantum Optics II 8
XI. Modeling and Simulation of Novel Materials

Phys 775 Advanced Computational Physics 8
Phys-M771
Phys 777 Computational Materials Physics 8
XII. Polymer Physics

Phys 745 Polymer Physics 8
Phys-M741
Phys 747 Physics of Solar Cells 8
XIII. Phase Integral Methods

Phys 715 Phase Integral Method I 8
Phys-M711
Phys 717 Phase Integral Method II 8
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11. Degree Nomenclature
11.1 The Degree of Master of Science in Physics (Laser Spectroscopy)
የሳይንስ ማስተር ድግሪ በፊዚክስ (በሌዘር ስፔክትሮስኮፒ)
11.2 The Degree of Master of Science in Physics (Space Physics)
የሳይንስ ማስተር ድግሪ በፊዚክስ (በስፔስ ፊዚክስ)
11.3 The Degree of Master of Science in Physics (Atmospheric Physics)
የሳይንስ ማስተር ድግሪ በፊዚክስ (በአትሞስፌሪክ ፊዚክስ)
11.4 The Degree of Master of Science in Physics (Condensed Matter Physics)
የሳይንስ ማስተር ድግሪ በፊዚክስ (በኮንዴንስድ ማተር ፊዚክስ)
11.5 The Degree of Master of Science in Physics (Astronomy-Astrophysics)
የሳይንስ ማስተር ድግሪ በፊዚክስ (በአስትሮኖሚ-አስትሮፊዚክስ)
11.6 The Degree of Master of Science in Physics (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
የሳይንስ ማስተር ድግሪ በፊዚክስ (በማግኔቲክ ሬዞናንስ ኢሜጂንግ)
11.7 The Degree of Master of Science in Physics (Nuclear Physics)
የሳይንስ ማስተር ድግሪ በፊዚክስ (በኑክሊየር ፊዚክስ)
11.8 The Degree of Master of Science in Physics (Statistical Physics)
የሳይንስ ማስተር ድግሪ በፊዚክስ (በስታትስቲካል ፊዚክስ)
11.9 The Degree of Master of Science in Physics (Quantum Field Theory)
የሳይንስ ማስተር ድግሪ በፊዚክስ (በኳንተም ፊልድ ቲዮሪ)
11.10 The Degree of Master of Science in Physics (Quantum Optics)
የሳይንስ ማስተር ድግሪ በፊዚክስ (በኳንተም ኦፕቲክስ)
11.11 The Degree of Master of Science in Physics (Modeling and Simulation of Novel Materials)
የሳይንስ ማስተር ድግሪ በፊዚክስ (በሞዴሊንግና ሲሙሌሽን - ኖቭል ማቴሪያልስ)
11.12 The Degree of Master of Science in Physics (Polymer Physics)
የሳይንስ ማስተር ድግሪ በፊዚክስ (በፖሊመር ፊዚክስ)
11.13 The Degree of Master of Science in Physics (Phase Integral Methods)
የሳይንስ ማስተር ዲግሪ በፊዚክስ (በፌዝ ኢንተገራል ሜተድስ)
12. Course Descriptions and Modes of Delivery

The following modes of teaching and learning, as well as evaluation may be followed for each of the
compulsory and specialization courses, except for Experimental Physics and Computational Physics,
as described below.
12.1 Modes of Teaching and Learning

 The mode of teaching-learning process will involve lectures and student participation.
 The lectures provide the means to give concise, focused presentation of the subject matter
of the course. When appropriate, the lectures will be supported by the distribution of
written material, or by relevant links on websites.
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 Student participation involves presentation on specific topics.
 Regular problems and exercises will give students the chance to develop their theoretical
understanding and problem solving skills.
 Students will be able to obtain further help in their studies by approaching their lecturers,
either after lectures or at other mutually convenient times.
 Computational Physics will involve lectures and laboratory sessions.
 Experimental Physics will involve mainly laboratory work.
12.2 Modes of Evaluation
Student performance will be assessed through examinations, presentations, problems, and
exercises. The examinations, problems and exercises will provide the means for students to
demonstrate the acquisition of subject knowledge and the development of their problem-solving
skills. The problems and exercises provide opportunities for students to gauge their progress and
for the instructor to monitor the progress of his students throughout the duration of the course(s)
in the modules. For Computational Physics and Experimental Physics courses student evaluation
will also involve practical laboratory examinations.
12.3 Course Descriptions
12.3.1 Courses in Compulsory Module
Phys 601 - Mathematical Methods of Physics (7 ECTS)
I. Aims
The aim of this course is to enable students to acquire a working knowledge of several mathematical
methods, which they can apply to solve a variety of scientific problems.
II. Contents
Complex variables, Laplace and Fourier transforms, Eigenvalue problems, Matrix theory, Vector
calculus, Partial differential equations, Special functions.
III. Learning Outcomes
Subject-specific Knowledge:
Upon completion of this course students will be able to:
 know about complex variables, Laplace and Fourier transforms,
 know about various types and properties of matrices,
 know about divergence, curl, gradient, etc of functions,
 understand Eigenvalue problems,
 know and solve partial differential equations, and
 know the various special functions in mathematical physics
Subject-specific Skills:
Upon completion of this course students will be able to:
 solve integral problems applying the knowledge acquired in complex variables, Laplace and
Fourier transforms,
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 determine Hermitian, unitary, etc matrices and also calculate the inverse of a matrix
 calculate the divergence, curl, gradient of functions
 find the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of matrices,
 to apply the techniques acquired from special functions and solve physical problems.
IV. References
1. Sadri Hassani, Foundations of Mathematical Physics, First Edition, Allyn and Bacon of Simon and
Schuster, Inc. (1991).
2. G.B. Arfken and H.J. Weber, Mathematical Methods for Physicists, Sixth Edition, Academic Press
(2006).
3. Roel Snieder, A guided tour of Mathematical Methods for the Physical Sciences, First Edition,
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2001).
Phys 602 - Electromagnetic Theory (8 ECTS)
I. Aims
The objective of the course is to develop understanding of Maxwell’s equations, the generation and
propagation of electromagnetic waves. It introduces the method of calculating the radiation emitted
by an accelerating charge.
II. Contents
Maxwell’s equations, Poynting theorem, Electromagnetic waves in a homogeneous medium, Plane
waves, Wave propagation in a conducting medium and in a dielectric medium, Polarization,
Reflection and refraction of plane waves, Power loss in a plane conductor, Coherent and incoherent
light, Wave equation for vector and scalar potentials, The Lienard – Wiechert potentials, Electric and
magnetic fields due to a uniformly moving charge and an accelerated charge, The power radiated by
an accelerated charge.
 The student will have better understanding of electromagnetic waves, wave propagation and
their interaction with matter.
 After completing the course, a student is expected to develop skills in the use of vector algebra
and analysis, using Maxwell’s equations in integral and differential form. The specific knowledge
acquired in the course is expected to be used later in other fields of physics, such as electronics,
condensed matter physics and laser physics.
IV. References
1. J.D. Jackson, Classical Electrodynamics, Third Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1999.
2. W.H. Hayt Jr. and J.A. Buck, Engineering Electromagnetics, Sixth Edition, Mc Graw Hill, 2000.
3. Bo Thide, Electromagnetic Field Theory, On-line at http://www.plasma.uu.se/CED/Book.
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Phys 603 - Statistical Mechanics (7 ECTS)
I. Aims
This course is designed to provide students with advanced knowledge and techniques in Statistical
Physics.
II. Contents
Statistical ensembles: Micro canonical ensemble, Canonical ensemble, Grand canonical ensemble;
Classical and quantum distributions: Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution; Bose-Einstein distribution:
Bose condensation, Photon statistics, Black body radiation; Fermi-Dirac distribution: Electron gas,
Ising model, Thermodynamic potentials, Internal energy, Free energy, Gibbs free energy.
 Having studied this course student will be able to know the concepts and principles in statistical
physics.
 At the end of this course, students should be able to apply their newly acquired knowledge in
their research.
IV. References
1. K. Huang, Statistical Physics, Second edition, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1987.
2. R. K. Pathria and P.D. Beale, Statistical Mechanics, Third edition, Elsevier, 2011.
3. F. Reif, Fundamentals of Statistical and Thermal Physics, McGraw Hill, International Students
Edition, 1965.
Phys 604 - Quantum Mechanics (8 ECTS)
I. Aims
The aim of this course is to enable students to acquire a working knowledge of quantum mechanics,
which they can apply to solve a variety of scientific problems.
II. Contents
Postulates of quantum mechanics, Expectation values, The Schrodinger and Heisenberg equations,
The state function propagator, Angular momentum eigenvalues and eigenstates, Addition of angular
momenta, Orbital angular momentum eigenfunctions, The hydrogen energy eigenvalues and
eigenfunctions, Time-independent perturbation method, Spin-orbit coupling, The Zeeman effect, The
WKB approximation, Time-dependent perturbation method, The quantum radiation field, Transition
rates for stimulated and spontaneous emission.
After completing this course, students will be familiar with the basic principles of quantum
mechanics.
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At the end of this course, the students will be able to apply the acquired knowledge to
analyze the properties of physical systems of interest.
IV. References
1. J.J. Sakurai, Modern Quantum Mechanics, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1994.
2. R. Shankar, Principles of Quantum mechanics, Plenum Press, New York, 1994.
3. David J. Griffths, Introduction to Quantum Mechanics, Pearson Education, Inc., 2005 .
4. John S. Townsend, A Modern Approach to Quantum Mechanics, University Science Books, 2000.
Phys 605 - Experimental Physics (7 ECTS)
I. Aims
The aim of this course is to enable students to acquire laboratory skills which they can use to carry out
experiments is various areas of Physics.
II. Contents
Fraunhoffer diffraction phenomena in monochromatic light, X-ray diffraction, Electron diffraction,
Mach-Zehnder Interferometer, Holography Frank-Hertz experiment, study of Zeeman Effect, Electron
spin resonance experiment, X-ray absorption, Millikan oil drop experiment, Hall effect and energy
band gap in a Germanium semiconductor, Gamma ray spectrum of Cs-137 using Nal (Tl)
spectrometer, Measurement of linear and mass attenuation coefficient for two beta energy sources
and measurement of energy of one beta unknown source using range-energy relations,
Measurement of thermal neutron flux 127l activation and measurement half-life of induced activity.
After completing the course students will be able to:
 know and explain the concepts and principles associated with each of the experiments,
 have a better understanding of the steps required in performing physics experiments,
 know the various apparatus used in the experiments and their applications, and
 understand the importance of experiments in science.
The training in this course will not only make student expert in handling various equipments used in
advanced Physics laboratory but will supplement the knowledge which student has learnt in various
theory courses. Student can acquire sufficient knowledge to set and work in a modern advanced
Physics laboratory.
Subject-Specific Skill:-
Upon completion of the course students should be able to:
 Construct knowledge – collect, analyze, and interpret real data from personal observations of
the physical world to develop a physical worldview.
 Model physical phenomena – develop abstract representations of real systems studied in the
laboratory, understand their limitations and uncertainties, and make predictions using models.
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 Design Experiments – develop, engineer, and troubleshoot experiments to test models and
hypotheses within specific constraints such as cost, time, safety, and available equipment.
 Develop technical and practical laboratory skills – become proficient using common test
equipment in a range of standard laboratory measurements while being cognizant of device
limitations.
 Analyze and visualize data – analyze and display data using statistical methods and critically
interpret the validity and limitations of these data and their uncertainties.
 Communicate Physics – present results and ideas with reasoned arguments supported by
experimental evidence and utilizing appropriate and authentic written and verbal forms.
IV. References
1. David C. Baired, Benjamin Cummings, Experimentation: An Introduction to measurement,
theory and experimental design, 3rd edition, 1994.
2. Andrian C. Melisings and Jim Napolitano, Experiments in Modern Physics, Academic Press, 2nd
ed., 2003.
Phys 606 - Computational Physics (7 ECTS)
I. Aims
The aim of this course is to enable students to acquire a computational skills and working knowledge
of several numerical methods, which they can apply to solve a variety of scientific problems.
II. Contents
Introduction: Numerical treatment of transcendental equations in physics, Model fitting
experimental data in physics; Numerical integration: Potential problem due to charge distribution,
Monte-Carlo approach to potential problem, Numerical simulation of stochastic force field; Ordinary
and Partial differential equations: Particle dynamics in nonconservative force field, Dirichlet,
Neumann and Cauchy boundary conditions, van der Pol oscillator, 1-D Schrodinger equations, Steady
state heat equation, Magnetic problem, Equation of chemical kinetics, Hydrodynamics, Molecular
dynamics and hard particles, Eigenvalues via finite differences, Eigenvectors, Generalized eigenvalue
problem in quantum physics, Electronic orbitals; Fourier analysis: Ranging applications (sonar and
radar), Spectrum analysis, Computerized Tomography (CT); Project work which involves one or more
of the preceding topics.
 Having studied this course students will be familiar with some of the numerical techniques and
programming language useful for solving various physical problems.
 Students will know how to structure physics problems and their computational solutions.
 In addition to the acquisition of subject knowledge, students will be able to apply the acquired
computational skills to solve scientific problems.
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IV. References
1. S. J. Chapman, Fortran 95/2003 for Scientists and Engineers, Third Edition, McGraw-Hill, 2007
2. S. E. Koonin and D. C. Meredith, Computational Physics, Fortran Version, Westview Press, 1990
3. S. C. Chapra and R. P. Canale, Numerical Methods for Engineers with Software and Programming
Applications, Fourth Edition, McGraw-Hill, 2002.
4. M. T. Heath, Scientific Computing, McGraw-Hill, 1997
5. W.H. Press, S.A. Teukolsky, W.T. Vetterling, B.P. Flannery and M. Metcalf, Numerical Recipies in
FORTRAN 90, Vol. 2, Second Edition, Cambridge University Press, 2002.
6. H. Gould, J. Tobochnik, W. Christian, An Introduction to Computer Simulation Methods, Third
Edition, Pearson Education, 2007.
7. K. Binder and D. W. Heermann, Monte Carlo Simulation in Statistical Analysis, Fiftth Edition,
Springer-Verlag, Belin, Heidelberg, 2010
Phys 607 - Classical Mechanics (7 ECTS)
I. Aims
The aim of this course is to enable students to acquire a working knowledge of classical mechanics,
which they can apply to solve a variety of scientific problems.
II. Contents
Variational principles, Lagrangian equations, Conservation laws, Symmetry and invariance properties,
Scattering, Rigid body motion, Hamilton's equations, Canonical transformations, Hamilton-Jacobi
equations, Small oscillations.
Upon completion of this course students should be able to:
 know about variational principles and Lagrangian equations of motion,
 understand the conservation laws, symmetry and invariance properties of physical bodies,
 know about the scattering process, Rigid body motion,
 know about the Hamilton's equations of motion, Canonical transformations, and the
Hamilton-Jacobi equations, and
 distinguish different types of oscillations and describe what small oscillations mean.
In addition to the acquisition of subject knowledge, students will be able to:
 analyze mechanical systems applying basic conservation laws with emphasis given to central
force problem and rigid body motion,
 apply advanced theoretical techniques including small oscillations and wave propagation to
analyze certain mechanical systems, and
 acquainted with basic theoretical methods and apply to solve physical problems.
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IV. References
1. H. Goldstein, C. Poole, J Safko, Classical Mechanics, Addison Wesley, Third Edition (2000).
2. S.T. Thornton, J.B. Marion, Classical Dynamics of Particles and Systems, Thomson Brooks/Cole,
Fifth Edition (2004).
3. L.D. Landau, E.M. Lifshitz, Mechanics, Pergamon Press PLC, Third Edition (1976).
4. W. Greiner, Classical Mechanics - Systems of Particles and Hamiltonian Dynamics, Springer-
Verlag New York, Inc., First Edition (2003)
12.3.2 Courses in Specialization Module
Phys 711 - Principles of Lasers and their Applications (8 ECTS)
I. Aims
The objective of this course is to provide students with broad and unified description of lasers and
their applications in various fields in general and in spectroscopy in particular.
II. Contents
Laser light, Light emission and absorption. Einstein’s theory of interaction of radiation with matter,
Theories of absorption and dispersion, Line shape function and rate equations, Laser oscillator,
Gaussian profile, Stability condition, Gain and threshold condition, Pumping mechanisms, Different
types of lasers. Technology of design of lasers, Applications of lasers.
Subject-specific Knowledge
 The study of this course will enable student to know the differences between classical and
quantum sources of light.
Subject-specific skills
 The principles learned in this course will be useful for the students to understand the
interaction of electromagnetic waves with matter. Moreover, they will learn various
applications of lasers in physics, environmental science, and medicine.
IV. References
1. Milonni and Eberly, Lasers.
2. Svelto, Principles of Lasers, 3rd Edition.
3. W. Demtroder, Laser spectroscopy, Fourth Edition, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2008.
Phys 713 - Laser Spectroscopy I (8 ECTS)
I. Aims
The objective of this course is to provide students with broad and unified description of atomic and
molecular spectroscopy. The use of laser sources in spectroscopy and new research areas which
emerged because of the invention of lasers.
14
II. Contents
Hydrogen like orbitals and multi-electron atom, Molecular rotation and vibration spectroscopy,
Characterization of molecular properties by LCAO-MO method, Spectra generated by dipole
transition, Principles of laser spectroscopy, Absorption, fluorescence and reflection anisotropy
spectroscopy, Doppler limited techniques, Time resolved atomic and molecular spectroscopy, Laser
spectroscopic applications.
 The study of this course will enable student to know the techniques of charting atomic and
molecular energy levels and different experimental methods used in spectroscopy.
Subject-specific skills:
 The principles learned in this course will be useful for the students to understand the
interaction of electromagnetic waves with matter. Moreover, they will learn various
applications of lasers in physics, environmental science, medicine etc.
IV. References
1. Milonni and Eberly, Lasers.
2. Svelto, Principles of Lasers, Third Edition.
3. W. Demtroder, Laser Spectroscopy, Fourth Edition, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2008.
Phys 715 - Phase Integral Method I ( 8 ECTS)
I. Aims
Generally, the aim of this course is to enable students acquire research knowledge on approximation
methods in quantum mechanics (Phase-integral method as a generalization of the WKB
approximation). This method of finding approximate solutions of linear differential equations can be
applied to solve a variety of scientific problems involving Boundary-/Eigen-value problems and
particularly in scattering phenomena.
II. Contents
Topics in complex analysis and differential equations, Linear systems, Semi-classical methods,
Literature on differential equations and asymptotic solutions, Eigenvalue/Sturm-Liouville problems,
Generalization of WKB method, Base functions, Connection problems, Eigenvalue problems for
bound states and normalization, Barrier transmission, Radial equations of motion in central fields of
force, numerical solutions.
After successfully completing this course, the student will be able to:
 Have rigorous knowledge and mastery over connection problems (around transition points)
coupled with asymptotic solutions up to any order of approximation.
15
 Interpret complex functions and acquire the knowledge to handle them with insights and rigor
[in analytic continuation], useful for solving various physical problems.
 Attain deep insight, not only on linear differential equations, but also on the nonlinear aspect
of dynamical systems – leading to this highly fashionable field of research.
 Participate in the development of new and reliable methods for calculating accurate Regge-
pole trajectories, for implementing Phase-integral method (J. N. L. Connor).
 Track the behavior of the relevant complex transition points, and the attendant problem of
identifying the correct Stokes-line topology.
 In addition to the acquisition of subject knowledge, students will be able to apply the acquired
mathematical skills to solve scientific problems in a variety of fields involving boundary-value
problems.
 The rigor, accuracy and reliability of this approach (above WKB) are expected to open up
diverse research activities in the scattering (quasi-resonant) problems and other fields.
IV. References
1. N. Fröman and P.O. Fröman, Phase-integral Approximation of arbitrary order generated from an
unspecified base function., Review article in: Forty More Years of Ramifications: Spectral
Asymptotic and its Applications, edited by S. Fulling and F. J. Narcowich. Discourses in
Mathematics and its Applications, No.1, (Texas A & M University, Department of Mathematics,
College Station, Texas, 1991.
2. N. Fröman and P.O. Fröman, On the history of the so-called WKB-method from 1817 to 1926,
Semi-classical Description on Atomic and Molecular Collisions, Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., 1985.
3. N. Fröman and P.O. Fröman, JWKB Approximation, Contributions to the Theory, North-Holland
Pub. Co., 1965.
4. N. Fröman and P.O. Fröman, Physical problems solved by the phase-integral method, Cambridge
University Press, 2005
5. N. Fröman and P.O. Fröman, PHASE-INTEGRAL METHOD: Allowing Near-lying Transition Points,
Springer-Verlag N.Y., 1996.
6. J. N. L. Connor, Semiclassical Methods in Molecular Scattering and Spectroscopy, Proceedings of
the NATO Advanced Study Institute, Cambridge, 1979.
7. J. P. Toennies, Semiclassical Descriptions of Atomic and Nuclear Collisions, Proceedings of the
Niels Bohr Centennial Conference, Copenhagen, edited by J. Bang and J. de Boer (North Holland,
Amsterdam, 1985), edited by M. S. Child (Reidel, Dordrecht, 1980.
8. Nanny Fröman, A Method for Handling Approximate Solutions on Ordinary Linear Differential
Equations, Arkiv För Fysik, Band 31 nr 29.
9. H. W. Wyld, Mathematical Methods for Physics: Lecture notes and Supplements, W. A. Benjamin
Inc., 1976.
16
Phys 717 - Phase Integral Method II ( 8 ECTS)
I. Aims
Generally, the aim of this course is to enable students acquire research knowledge on approximation
methods in quantum mechanics (Phase-integral method as a generalization of the WKB
approximation). This method of finding approximate solutions of linear differential equations can be
applied to solve a variety of scientific problems involving Boundary-/Eigen-value problems and
particularly in scattering phenomena.
II. Contents
Stokes' phenomena, Arbitrary-order phase-integral approximation with the F-matrix method, Phase-
amplitude method, Arbitrary-order Saddle-point approximation, Sommerfeld-Watson
transformations, Regge-pole and complex-angular-momentum (CAM) formalism, problems with
solutions, Symmetry relations and estimates of the F-matrix and parameterization, Solutions of the
Airy differential equation, Energy levels of a particle in a smooth, symmetric, double-well and n-well
potentials, Transmission coefficient for a variety potential barriers and humps, The works by Liouville,
Green and Jacobi’s contribution, Scheibner’s alternative treatment.
 Have rigorous knowledge and mastery over connection problems (around transition points)
coupled with asymptotic solutions up to any order of approximation.
 Interpret complex functions and acquire the knowledge to handle them with insights and rigor
[in analytic continuation], useful for solving various physical problems.
 Attain deep insight, not only on linear differential equations, but also on the nonlinear aspect
of dynamical systems – leading to this highly fashionable field of research.
 Participate in the development of new and reliable methods for calculating accurate Regge-
pole trajectories, for implementing Phase-integral method (J. N. L. Connor).
 Track the behavior of the relevant complex transition points, and the attendant problem of
identifying the correct Stokes-line topology.
 In addition to the acquisition of subject knowledge, students will be able to apply the acquired
mathematical skills to solve scientific problems in a variety of fields involving boundary-value
problems.
 The rigor, accuracy and reliability of this approach (above WKB) are expected to open up
diverse research activities in the scattering (quasi-resonant) problems and other fields.
IV. References
1. N. Fröman and P.O. Fröman, Phase-integral Approximation of arbitrary order generated from an
unspecified base function., Review article in: Forty More Years of Ramifications: Spectral
Asymptotic and its Applications, edited by S. Fulling and F. J. Narcowich. Discourses in
17
Mathematics and its Applications, No.1, (Texas A & M University, Department of Mathematics,
College Station, Texas, 1991.
2. N. Fröman and P.O. Fröman, On the history of the so-called WKB-method from 1817 to 1926,
Semi-classical Description on Atomic and Molecular Collisions, Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., 1985.
3. N. Fröman and P.O. Fröman, JWKB Approximation, Contributions to the Theory, North-Holland
Pub. Co., 1965.
4. N. Fröman and P.O. Fröman, Physical problems solved by the phase-integral method, Cambridge
University Press, 2005
5. N. Fröman and P.O. Fröman, PHASE-INTEGRAL METHOD: Allowing Near-lying Transition Points,
Springer-Verlag N.Y., 1996.
6. J. N. L. Connor, Semiclassical Methods in Molecular Scattering and Spectroscopy, Proceedings of
the NATO Advanced Study Institute, Cambridge, 1979.
7. J. P. Toennies, Semiclassical Descriptions of Atomic and Nuclear Collisions, Proceedings of the
Niels Bohr Centennial Conference, Copenhagen, edited by J. Bang and J. de Boer (North Holland,
Amsterdam, 1985), edited by M. S. Child (Reidel, Dordrecht, 1980.
8. Nanny Fröman, A Method for Handling Approximate Solutions on Ordinary Linear Differential
Equations, Arkiv För Fysik, Band 31 nr 29.
9. H. W. Wyld, Mathematical Methods for Physics: Lecture notes and Supplements, W. A. Benjamin
Inc., 1976.
Phys 721 - Space Physics I (8 ECTS)
I. Aims
This course will be able to help students understand the origin of space electric and magnetic fields.
The module also will help students acquire knowledge of space observing techniques. The course will
introduce the sun, the solar wind, and interplanetary medium.
II. Contents
Electrodynamics in space, Basics equation and definitions in space plasma physics, Space electric and
magnetic fields, Space observing techniques, The sun, the solar wind, and interplanetary medium.
After completing the course student will be able
 to know the basic definitions and equations space plasma, and electrodynamics equations used
in space physics,
 to know about the space electric and magnetic fields and the generation mechanisms of space
electric and magnetic fields,
 to know about the sun and the interplanetary medium, and
 to be familiarized the solar wind and its cause.
In addition to the acquisition of subject knowledge, students will be able
18
 to acquire the required techniques of space observing,
 to analyze data from space observing instruments.
IV. References
1. M. G. Kivelson and C. T. Russel, Introduction to Space Physics, First edition, Cambridge
University Press, 1995.
2. J.K. Hargreaves, The Solar-terrestrial Environment, Second edition, Cambridge University Press,
1995.
3. M. C. Kelley, The Earth’s Ionosphere: Plasma Physics and Electrodynamics, Second edition,
Academic Press INC, 2009.
4. G.K. Parks, Physics of Space Plasmas, Second edition, West View Press, 2004.
Phys 723 - Space Physics II (8 ECTS)
I. Aims
This course will be able to help students understand the interaction of the solar wind and the
magnetosphere with the terrestrial ionosphere. The course also helps students to understand the
coupling between the ionosphere and the neutral atmosphere.
II. Contents
The solar wind and the magnetosphere, Convective electric fields, The ionosphere: introduction,
Coupling between the magnetosphere and the ionosphere, The neutral atmosphere, The coupling
between the atmosphere and the ionosphere.
Having completed the course student will be able:
 to know about the solar wind, the magnetosphere and convective electric fields,
 to understand the different layers of the space (the atmosphere, ionosphere, etc) above the
surface of the earth, and
 to be familiarized with the coupling of the ionosphere with the magnetosphere from above and
the neutral atmosphere from below.
In addition to the acquisition of subject knowledge, students will be able:
 to build simple models to describe the interaction of the ionosphere with the magnetosphere,
and
 to build simple models to describe the interaction of the ionosphere with the neutral
atmosphere.
IV. References
1. M. G. Kivelson and C. T. Russel, Introduction to Space Physics, First edition, Cambridge
University Press, 1995.
2. J. K. Hargreaves, The Solar-terrestrial Environment, Second edition, Cambridge University Press,
1995.
19
3. M. C. Kelley, The Earth’s ionosphere: Plasma Physics and Electrodynamics, Second edition,
Academic Press INC, 2009.
4. G. K. Parks, Physics of Space Plasmas, Second edition, West view Press, 2004.
Phys 731 - Introduction to Atmospheric Physics (8 ECTS)
I. Aims
This course will be able to help students understand origin and evolution of planetary atmosphere, the
physics that govern atmospheric state.
II. Contents
Earth’s atmosphere - Its origin, composition and properties, Heat and thermodynamics of the
atmosphere, Physics of clouds and precipitation, Physics of radiation-fundamental laws, Atmospheric
dynamics, Introduction to numerical methods in atmospheric physics.
Having studied this course student will:
 know about the origin, composition and properties of the atmosphere,
 be able to understand how clouds are formed and also about the phenomena of precipitation,
 know about the heat and thermodynamics of the atmosphere, and
 be familiarized with some of the fundamental laws of physics that govern atmospheric
kinematics, dynamics and thermodynamics.
After completing the course students will be able:
 to apply the acquired theoretical concepts to analyze and interpret observations of real
atmospheric systems, and
 to develop simple conceptual models of atmosphere at different spatial and temporal scales in
order to simulate the system and understand them.
IV. References
1. Seymour L. Hess, Introduction to Theoretical Meteorology, Henry Holt and Company, New York.
2. Jmaes R. Holton, An introduction to Dynamics Meteorology, Third edition Academic Press INC.
3. Kshudiram Saha, The Earth’s Atmosphere: Its Physics and Dynamics, Spring-Verlag, Berlin.
4. Mark Z. Jacobson, Fundamentals of Atmospheric Modeling, Second edition.
5. C. Donald Ahrens, Essentials of Meteorology-An Invitation to the Atmosphere, Third Edition.
6. Wilford Zdunkowski and Andreas Bott, Dynamics of the Atmosphere: A Course in Theoretical
Meteorology, Cambridge University Press.
7. Amanda H. Lynch and Hohn J. Cassano, Applied Atmospheric Dynamics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
20
Phys 733 - Radiative Transfer in the Atmosphere (8 ECTS)
I. Aims
This course will be able to help students understand interaction of radiation with matter and how to
describe with physical model measured electromagnetic signal after attenuation by the atmosphere.
II. Contents
Radiometric quantities, Molecular transitions, Absorption by gases, The radiative transfer equation,
Transmission in individual spectral lines and in bands of lines, Light scattering theory for spheres,
Optical properties of earth-atmosphere system.
Having studied this course student will be able:
 to know about radiometric quantities, molecular transitions observed in the atmosphere,
 to understand the radiative transfer process and transmission in terms of spectral and band
lines,
 to know about the optical properties of the atmosphere, and
 to be familiarized with the main concepts of radiation physics.
In addition to the acquisition of subject knowledge, students will be able:
 to apply the light scattering theory for spheres in a theoretical analysis of the atmosphere,
 to distinguish between spectral and band lines,
 to apply the concepts of radiation physics to describe attenuation of radiation in the
atmosphere, and
 to utilize the acquired concepts and mathematical skills to solve practical problems which often
arise in interpretation of radiation measurement from new ground or space based
instrumentations or feasibility study of design of new instrumentations.
IV. References
1. Kuo-Nan Liou, Introduction to Atmospheric Radiation.
2. Jeanne L. McHale, Molecular Spectroscopy, Prentice-Hall, Inc.
3. J. Michael Hollas, Basic Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy, The Royal Society of Chemistry.
4. Wolfgang Demtroder, Molecular Physics: Theoretical Principles and Experimental Methods,
Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. Kgaa.
5. M. Lopez Puertas and F. W. Taylor, Non-LTE Radiative Transfer in the Atmosphere, World
Scientific.
21
Phys 741 - Condensed Matter Physics I (8 ECTS)
I. Aims
The aim of this course is to enable students to understand the idea and basic principles of the modern
condensed matter physics, including the main results from the theory of periodical crystalline
structures and the properties of many-body systems due to their electronic structure.
II. Contents
Crystalline lattice, Reciprocal lattice, Brillouin zones, Vibration of crystalline lattice, Phonons,
Electrons in weak periodic field, Energy bands, Tight binding model, Electron-phonon interaction,
Polaritons, Plasmons, Excitons.
Quantum wells, Quantum wires, Quantum dots, Density of states of these nanostructures,
Superlattices, Photonic crystals, Heterostructures, Nanophotonics, Two dimensional electron gas in
strong magnetic field, Quantum Hall effect, Graphene, Quantum Hall effect in graphene.
 know about crystals and their classifications
 know about the common excitations such as phonons, polaritons, plasmons and and their
causes,
 to understand nanostructures such as quantum wells wires and dots,
 to learn physical properties strongly correlated systems.
 to develop the skill of identifying crystal structures in their classifications,
 to numerically and analytically analyze various interactions in solids, and
 calculate physical properties of solid states associated with the above numerated elementary
excitations.
IV. References
1. C. Kittel, Introduction to Solid State Physics, Eighth Edition, John Willey & Sons, 2005.
2. C. Kittel, Quantum Theory of Solids, John Willey & Sons, 1987.
3. P.M. Chaikin and T.C. Lubenskii, Principles of Condensed Matter Physics, Cambridge University
Press, 1995.
4. Michael P. Marder, Condensed Matter Physics, Willey & Sons, 2005.
5. Neil W. Ashcroft, N. David Mermin, Solid State Physics, Thompson Learning, 1997.
6. Thomas Heinzel, Mesoscopic Electronics in Solid State Nanostructures, Willey – VCH (2007).
7. M. Katsnelson, Graphene - Carbon in Two Dimensions, Cambridge University Press, 2012.
22
Phys 743 - Condensed Matter Physics II (8 ECTS)
I. Aims
The aim of this course is to enable students to understand the nanostructure and mesoscopic systems
and their physical properties, two dimensional systems, nanophotonics and varieties of application of
nanosystems in modern devices.
II. Contents
Diamagnetism, Paramagnetism, Ferromagnetism, Antiferromagnetism, Fermi surfaces, Spin glasses,
Spin waves, Giant magnetoresistance, Diluted magnetic semiconductors, Magnetic ordering, Theory
of superconductivity and superfluidity, Strongly correlated systems.
After completing the course, students will be able to:
 know and explain the various classifications of magnetic materials, and
 be familiarized with the theory of superconductivity and super-fluiidity.
With the acquisition of subject knowledge, students will be able to:
 solve problems by applying the acquired knowledge, and
 apply the acquired concepts and theory to explain the phenomena of superconductivity and
super-fluiidity as well as strongly correlated systems.
IV. References
1. C. Kittel, Introduction to Solid State Physics, 8th Edition, John Willey & Sons, 2005.
2. C. Kittel, Quantum Theory of Solids, John Willey & Sons, 1987.
3. P.M. Chaikin and T.C. Lubenskii, Principles of Condensed Matter Physics, Cambridge University
Press.
4. Michael P. Marder, Condensed Matter Physics, Willey & Sons, 2001.
5. Neil W. Ashcroft, N. David Mermin, Solid State Physics, Thompson Learning, 1997.
Phys 745 - Polymer Physics (8 ECTS)
I. Aims
The aim of this course is to enable students to acquire understanding of the mechanical, optical, and
transport properties of polymers with respect to the underlying physics of polymers in melt, solution, and
solid state. Furthermore, the course will be able to create deep insight on the physics of semiconducting
and conducting polymers in relation to charge transport mechanism, energy levels/gaps, and device
applications.
23
II. Contents
Introduction, Polymer bonding and classification, Thermodynamics of melts, blends and solutions,
Glass formation and crystallization, Mechanical and transport properties of polymers, Dielectric and
optical properties: Doped versus undoped polymer and polymer nanocomposite, Conducting and
semiconducting polymers: Charge transport properties, HOMO/LUMO levels, Energy gaps and
devices, Electroluminescence in polymers, Polymer electrolytics, Electroactive polymers,
Characterization and application of functional polymers.
III. Learning outcomes
After successfully completing this course, students will be able to:
 understand the mechanical, optical, and transport properties of polymers,
 understand electronic transport in polymer/organic semiconductors and conductors, and
 explain the physics of light absorption and photogeneration in organic/polymeric semiconductors.
 In addition to the acquisition of subject knowledge, students will be familiarized with common
characterization methods and application of functional polymers and their devices.
IV. References
1. G.R. Strobel, The Physics of Polymers, Springer, 1997.
2. H. S. Nalwa, Handbook of Organic Conductive Molecules and Polymers, Wiley-VCH, 1997.
3. Wolfgang Brütting, Chihaya Adachi, Physics of Organic Semiconductors, John Wiley & Sons, 2012.
4. Bansi D. Malhotra, Handbook of Polymers in Electronics, Rapra Technology Limited, 2002.
5. Hagen Klauk, Organic Electronics: Materials, Manufacturing, and Applications, Wiley-VCH , 2006.
Phys 747 - The Physics of Solar Cells (8 ECTS)
I. Aims
The aim of this course is to enable students to acquire understanding of the device operation and
principles of solar cells with a particular emphasis on the device physics. The course aims to describe
the key issues in determining and characterizing of the efficiency of a solar cell.
II. Contents
Introduction, Photons and solar radiation, Solar cells materials: Semiconductors and passive
components of a solar cell, Operation and components of a solar cells, Electrical characterization of a
solar cell, Principles of solar cell design and efficiency improvement: Optical design of cells, electrical
loss considerations, and modeling, Organic solar cells: Materials, device physics and efficiency
improvement.
After successfully completing this course, students will be able to:
24
 Understand the device operation and principles of solar cells.
 Know the characterization or extraction of the different parameters of a solar cell.
 Understand the principles of solar cell design and efficiency improvement methods.
 In addition to the acquisition of subject knowledge, students will be familiarized with materials,
device physics and ways of efficiency improvement of organic solar cells.
IV. References
1. P. Wurfel, The Physics of solar cells: from principles to new concepts, Wiley-VCH, 2005.
2. R. C. Neville, Solar Energy Conversion, 2nd Edition, Elsevier, 1995.
3. T. Markvart and L. Castafier, Solar Cells: Materials, Manufacture and Operation, Elsevier, 2006.
4. J. L. Gray, The Physics of the Solar Cell, Chapter 3, Johny Wiley & Sons, 2011.
5. W. C.H. Choy, Organic Solar Cells: Materials and Device Physics, Springer, 2012.
Phys 751 - Relativistic Astrophysics (8 ECTS)
I. Aims
This course aims to introduce the student to general theory of relativity and to illustrate this with a
description of the three historical tests of the theory.
II. Contents
Covariant physics, The principle of equivalence, Tensor analysis, Effects of gravitation, Einstein’s field
equations, Classical tests of Einstein’s theory, Post-Newtonian celestial mechanics, Gravitational
radiation.
 give coherent explanation of the principles associated with General Relativity,
 give covariant description of basic physical concepts,
 explain what is meant by curvature of space, local inertial frames and the Riemann coordinate
geometry, and
 describe world-lines of particles and photons in curved space-time.
In addition to the acquisition of subject knowledge, students will be able to:
 apply tensors to the description of curved spaces, and
 solve problems by applying the principles of relativity.
IV. References
1. Steven Weinberg, Gravitation and Cosmology, John Wiley and Sons, 1995.
2. C. W. Misner, K. S. Thorne and J. A. Wheeler, Gravitation, Freeman and Company, 1973.
25
Phys 753 - Stellar Equilibrium and Evolution (8 ECTS)
I. Aims
The theory of the structure of stars in slow evolution has been developed in detail within the frame
work of the General Theory of Relativity. The theory predicts the general direction of the evolution of
stars and their final fates. The course aims at introducing the student to the general structure of stars
and their evolutions.
II. Contents
Stellar equilibrium, The stability of stars, Relativistic equations of stellar equilibrium, Relativistic
equations for rotating stars, the theory of cold white dwarfs, neutron stars, the mass defect, stability
of neutron stars, Stellar evolution, Evolution of a star up to the loss of stability, Instability of massive
stars with nuclear sources of energy, stability of stellar evolution, Supernova, Evolution of a star with
mass greater than the Oppenheimer-Volkoff limit, Relativistic collapse.
 Describe the structure of various kinds of stars.
 Explain the reasons behind their equilibrium and long lives.
 Explain the slow evolution of stars toward their death.
Having studied this course student will be able to:
 use equations of the General Theory of Relativity to calculate the conditions for stability of stars,
 use equations of nuclear reaction rates to estimate the chemical evolution slowly undergoing
inside stars, and
 predict from given initial conditions, the way and form a given star will die.
IV. References
1. Steven Weinberg, Gravitation and Cosmology, John Wiley and Sons, 1995.
2. C. W. Misner, K. S. Thorne and J. A. Wheeler, Gravitation, Freeman and Company, 1973.
Phys 761 - Nuclear Physics I (8 ECTS)
I. Aims
The aim of this course is to enable students to acquire a working knowledge which they can use to
understand the secrets of some topics in Nuclear Physics, Viz. Nuclear Reactions, Nuclear radioactive
decay and Nuclear forces, so that they can solve the varieties of problems connected with these
topics.
II. Contents
Nuclear Reactions: elastic and in-elastic processes and nuclear cross-sections. Experimental
measurement of nuclear reaction cross-section, Partial wave and quantum mechanical analysis of
26
nuclear cross-section. Compound nucleus theory, level density and statistical model. Resonances,
resonance scattering and potential scattering. Breit-Wigner formula for a resonance. Optical model
theory. Pre-equilibrium decay in nuclear reactions and direct reactions. Reactions induced by heavy
ions.
Radioactive decay of Nucleus; Alpha Decay and Gamow’s theory of alpha decay, Hindrance factor.
Beta Decay and Fermi Theory of beta decay, selection rules, the neutrino mass, electron capture.
Parity and non-conservation of parity in weak interactions. Classical electromagnetic theory,
transition to quantum mechanics, selection rules, Angular distribution measurement, Internal
conversion.
Properties of nuclear forces; Deuteron problem. n-p and p-p scattering. Exchange character of
nuclear forces. S-wave effective range theory.
Up on completion of the course students should be able to:
 explain and interpret the statistical nature of radioactive decay,
 describe how the structure of nuclei is related to the many-body system of interacting nucleons,
 describe and classify different modes of nuclear excitations, and
 discuss the effect of the weak interaction in nuclei and nuclear reactions.
After completing this course students will be able to:
 use symmetries, conservation laws and kinematical conditions in order to give physical
explanations for nuclear physics processes,
 calculate nuclear physics quantities and processes,
 account for different experimental methods that gives information on properties of hadrons and
nuclei,
 Model the nuclear force, and
 Describe and apply concepts of various models of nuclei in practical circumstances.
IV. References
1. R. D. Evans, Atomic Nucleus, McGraw-Hill.
2. J. M. Blatt and V.F. Weisskoff, Theoretical Nuclear Physics, John Wiley & Sons.
3. Samuel S. M. Wong, Introductory Nuclear Physics, Prentice-Hall International.
4. M. A. Preston, Physics of the Nucleus, Addison-Wesley.
5. D. Halliday, Introductory Nuclear Physics, John Wiley & Sons.
6. M.S. Livingston & J. P. Blewett, Particle Accelerator, McGraw-Hill.
7. S. B. Patel, Nuclear Physics, John Wiley & Sons.
8. P. E. Hodgson et al, Introductory Nuclear Physics, Clarendon Press, Oxford.
9. H. S. Hans, Nuclear Physics (Experimental and Theoretical), New Academic Science.
10. W. J. Price, Nuclear Radiation Detectors, McGraw-Hill.
11. S. S. Kapoor and V. S. Ramamurthy, Nuclear Radiation Detectors, Wiley Eastern.
12. F. Knoll, Radiation detection and Measurement, John Wiley & Sons.
27
Phys 763 - Nuclear Physics II (8 ECTS)
I. Aims
The aim of this course is to enable students to acquire working knowledge which they can use to
understand the secret of some topics like Production of Nuclear Probes, present situation of Nuclear
Accelerators and some topics of Nuclear Techniques, Viz. theories of various modes of interaction of
nuclear radiations with matter, detection of different types of nuclear radiations and various
applications of nuclear radiations, so that they can acquire sufficient knowledge of nuclear radiation
accelerators and nuclear detectors and may be able to solve the variety of problems connected with
these topics
II. Contents
Production of various types of Nuclear Probes: Viz. neutrons, alpha particles, electrons, protons and
Heavy Ions; Radioactive sources for alpha particles and neutrons; Tandem Van de Graff and pelletron
machines, Linear accelerators for protons and electrons; Cyclic accelerators: cyclotron and
synchrotrons; Betatron, betatron oscillations and their applications in all the cyclic accelerators.
Interaction of electromagnetic radiations with matter: photo electric effect, Compton scattering and
pair production, linear and mass absorption coefficients of gamma rays in matter, Resonant
absorption electromagnetic radiations by atom and by nucleus.
Scintillation spectrometer: Formation of electrical pulse in Na I (Tl) gamma ray spectrometer, Solid
state charged particle and gamma ray detector and pulse formation, Si (Li), Ge (Li) and HPGe
detectors, Block diagram of the gamma ray spectrometer.
Nuclear electronics and gamma spectrums: Pre-amplifier, amplifier, S.C.A. and M.C.A., Coincidence
circuit and scalar; Gamma ray spectrums obtained by NaI (Tl) and Solid state detectors and spectrum
analysis; Comparison between NaI (Tl) and HPGe spectrometers.
Interaction of heavy charged particles with matter: Stopping power, high velocity and low velocity
region, rang energy relations, interaction of fast electrons in matter, energy and range straggling,
Stopping power and range energy relations.
Gas filled detectors: ionization chambers, gas multiplication; proportional counters and Geiger-
Muller counters, pulse formation and self quenched counters, detection of gamma rays by gas
counters, efficiency of counters; Split anode ionization chambers, position sensitive proportional
counters , Multi-wire proportional counters and their applications.
Radio Isotopes and their applications: Chemical and biological effects of radiations; Neutron
Activation Analysis and its applications.
After completing the course students will be able to:
 know about scintillation spectrometer an explain its operation,
 know the different radioisotopes and their applications,
 Describe and classify the different types of detectors and know their applications,
 explain the interaction of charged particles with matter, and
28
 acquire sufficient knowledge of nuclear radiation accelerators and nuclear detectors.
In addition to the subject specific knowledge students will be able to:
 utilize the spectrometer for the measurement of relevant parameters involved in nuclear
physics processes, and
 apply the knowledge of nuclear radiation accelerators and nuclear detectors to solve the variety
of problems connected with these topics.
IV. Modes of Evaluation
 Students performance will be assessed through written examinations involving various types of
questions, Viz. very short answer, short answers, derivations and essay type.
 There will be one mid examination and one final examination. Both carry 40 marks each. Home
assignment carries 20 marks.
V. References
1. R. D. Evans, Atomic Nucleus, McGraw-Hill.
2. J. M. Blatt and V.F. Weisskoff, Theoretical Nuclear Physics, John Wiley & Sons.
3. Samuel S. M. Wong, Introductory Nuclear Physics, Prentice-Hall International.
4. M. A. Preston, Physics of the Nucleus, Addison-Wesley.
5. D. Halliday, Introductory Nuclear Physics, John Wiley & Sons.
6. M.S. Livingston & J. P. Blewett, Particle Accelerator, McGraw-Hill.
7. S. B. Patel, Nuclear Physics, John Wiley & Sons.
8. P. E. Hodgson et al, Introductory Nuclear Physics, Clarendon Press, Oxford.
9. H. S. Hans, Nuclear Physics (Experimental and Theoretical), New Academic Science.
10. W. J. Price, Nuclear Radiation Detectors, McGraw-Hill.
11. S. S. Kapoor and V. S. Ramamurthy, Nuclear Radiation Detectors, Wiley Eastern.
12. F. Knoll, Radiation detection and Measurement, John Wiley & Sons.
Phys 765 - Magnetic Resonance Imaging I (8 ECTS)
I. Aims
The aim of this course is to enable students to develop a basic familiarity with the physical principles
of MRI. Students will learn the physical principles of MRI image formation and hardware designs.
Students will be exposed to the electromagnetic design of MRI components and MRI imaging
parameters.
II. Contents
This course introduces physical principles of MRI, instrumentation, image formation and basic
imaging parameters. Fundamental principles covered include magnetism, signal production, contrast
characteristics, imaging planes and image formation. The first half of the course will focus on MRI
physics and understanding the design of MRI hardware component such as Magnet design, Gradient
coil design and RF coil design. The second half of the course covers in-depth information details of
29
MR parameters, pulse sequences, methods of data acquisition, imaging options, image artifacts and
fast imaging techniques including parallel imaging will be covered. An optional practical session will
be designed in collaboration with MRI sites to introduce students with practical MRI applications and
phantom imaging.
Upon completion of the course the student:
 Understand the physical principles of diagnostic imaging for the major imaging modalities.
 Describe CT, MRI and PET processes
 Understand image formation and the underlying mathematical principle
 Good understanding of imaging parameters for quality assessment and image processing,
 Understand the workings of various radiological equipment, and associated imaging techniques
IV. References
1. Jerrold T. Bushberg, J. Anthony Seibert, Edwin M. Leidholdt Jr., John M. Boone, The Essential
Physics of Medical Imaging 3rd Edition,LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS, Philadelphia, 2012.
2. N. Barrie Smith and Andrew Webb, Introduction to Medical Imaging: Physics, Engineering and
Clinical Applications, Cambridge University Press, 2011.
3. Dale L. Bailey, Positron Emission Tomography, Springer-Verlag, London 2005.
4. E. M. Haake, R. W. Brown, M. R. Thompson, R. Venkatesan, Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Physical Principals and Sequence Design, Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York 1999
5. M. A. Bernstein, Kevin F. King, and Xiaohong J. Zhou, Handbook of MRI: Pulse sequences,
ELSEVIER Academic Press, New York, 2004.
Phys 767 - Magnetic Resonance Imaging II (8 ECTS)
I. Aims
The aim of this course is to enable students to develop a basic familiarity with all the major medical
imaging techniques employed in modern hospitals, including but not limited, Computer Tomography
(CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), ultrasound(US) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET).
Students will learn the physical principles of the imaging modules and the corresponding essential
imaging parameters.
II. Contents (Imaging Physics)
This course introduces the fundamentals of main methods of medical imaging, namely Computed
Tomography (CT), Positron Emission Tomography (PET), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and
ultrasound (US). It enables students to develop an understanding of the physics principles underlying
these imaging techniques and an awareness of their clinical applications. It includes class room lectures
and a series of seminars by students and subject matter experts with a parallel set of recitations that
provide demonstrations of basic principles. Emphasis will be on the physics and engineering of image
formation and fundamentals of imaging techniques for CT, MRI, PET and US modalities. Research papers
on related topics will be identified and discussed.
30
Upon completion of the course the student:
 Understand the physical principles of diagnostic imaging for the major imaging modalities.
 Describe CT, MRI and PET processes
 Understand image formation and the underlying mathematical principle
 Good understanding of imaging parameters for quality assessment and image processing,
 Understand the workings of various radiological equipment, and associated imaging techniques
IV. References
1. Jerrold T. Bushberg, J. Anthony Seibert, Edwin M. Leidholdt Jr., John M. Boone, The Essential
Physics of Medical Imaging 3rd Edition,LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS, Philadelphia, 2012.
2. N. Barrie Smith and Andrew Webb, Introduction to Medical Imaging: Physics, Engineering and
Clinical Applications, Cambridge University Press, 2011.
3. Dale L. Bailey, Positron Emission Tomography, Springer-Verlag, London 2005.
4. E. M. Haake, R. W. Brown, M. R. Thompson, R. Venkatesan, Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Physical Principals and Sequence Design, Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York 1999
5. M. A. Bernstein, Kevin F. King, and Xiaohong J. Zhou, Handbook of MRI: Pulse sequences,
ELSEVIER Academic Press, New York, 2004.
Phys 771 - Statistical Physics I (8 ECTS)
I. Aims
Enable the students to acquire the methods of stochastic processes.
II. Contents
Random walks, Brownian motion, Markov processes, Langevin equation, Fokker-Planck equation,
Approximation methods for diffusion processes, Master equation.
 The students will be able to learn and understand stochastic processes: random walks, Brownian
motion, Master equation and Fokker-Planck equation.
 In addition to the acquisition of subject knowledge, students will be able to tackle problems in
stochastic processes: Random walks, Brownian motion, Master equation and Fokker-Planck
equation.
IV. References
1. C.W. Gardiner, Handbook of Stochastic Methods, 3rd Edition, Springer Verlag (1990).
2. N.G. van Kampen, Stochastic Processes in Physics and Chemistry, 2nd Edition, Elsevier (1992).
31
Phys 773 - Statistical Physics II (8 ECTS)
I. Aims
Enable the students to acquire skills to apply the methods of stochastic processes for physical
problems.
II. Contents
Master equation, and Jump processes , Spatially distributed systems, Bistability and escape problems,
Quantum Markov processes.
 Having completed this course students will be able to know stochastic processes and explain
concepts such as Jump processes, specially distributed systems, bistability and escape problems.
 In addition to the acquisition of subject knowledge, students will be able to and tackle problems
in stochastic processes, i.e., in jump processes, specially distributed systems, bistability and
escape problems
IV. References
1. C.W. Gardiner, Handbook of Stochastic Methods, 3rd Edition, Springer Verlag (1990).
2. N.G. van Kampen, Stochastic Processes in Physics and Chemistry, 2nd Edition, Elsevier (1992).
Phys 775 - Advanced Computational Physics (8 ECTS)
I. Aims
The aim of this course is to enable students to acquire modeling and simulation knowledge, which
they can apply to solve a variety of scientific problems in polymer science.
II. Contents
Part I: Basics
Statistical Mechanics: Entropy and Temperature; Classical Statistical Mechanics. Monte Carlo
Simulations: The Monte Carlo Method; A Basic Monte Carlo Algorithm; Trial Moves; Applications.
Molecular Dynamics Simulations: Molecular Dynamics: The Idea; Molecular Dynamics: A Program;
Equations of Motion; Computer Experiments; Some Applications.
Part II: Ensembles
Monte Carlo Simulations in Various Ensembles: General Approach; Canonical Ensemble;
Microcanonical Monte Carlo; Isobaric-Isothermal Ensemble; Isotension-Isothermal Ensemble; Grand-
Canonical Ensemble. Molecular Dynamics in Various Ensembles: Molecular Dynamics at Constant
temperature; Molecular Dynamics at Constant Pressure.
Part III: Free Energies and Phase Equilibria
Free Energy Calculations: Thermodynamic Integration; Chemical Potentials; Other Free Energy
Methods; Umbrella Sampling. The Gibbs Ensemble: The Gibbs ensemble technique; The partition
function; Monte Carlo Simulations. Other Methods to Study Coexistence: Semigrand Ensemble;
32
Tracing Coexistence Curves. Free Energies of Solids: Thermodynamic Integration; Free Energies of
Solids; Atomic Solids with Continuous Potentials; Free Energies of Molecular Solids; Vacancies and
Interstitials. Free Energy of Chain Molecules: Chemical Potential as Reversible Work; Rosenbluth
Sampling;
Part IV: Advanced Techniques
Long-Range Interactions: Ewald Sums; Fast Multipole Method; Particle Mesh Approaches; Ewald
Summation in a Slab Geometry. Biased Monte Carlo Schemes: Biased Sampling Techniques; Chain
Molecules; Generation of Trial Orientations; Fixed Endpoints; Beyond Polymers; Other Ensembles;
Recoil Growth. Accelerating Monte Carlo Sampling: Parallel Tempering; Hybrid Monte Carlo; Cluster
Moves. Tackling Time-Scale Problems: Constraints; On-the-Fly Optimization: Car-Parrinello
Approach; Multiple Time Steps. Rare Events: Theoretical Background; Bennett-Chandler Approach;
Diffusive Barrier Crossing; Transition Path Ensemble; Searching for the Saddle Point. Dissipative
Particle Dynamics: Description of the Technique; Other Coarse-Grained Techniques.
 Having studied this course student will be familiar with some of the numerical techniques and
programming language useful for solving for various polymer physics problems.
 Student will know how to structure polymer physics problems and their numerical solutions.
 In addition to the acquisition of subject knowledge, students will be able to apply the acquired
computational skills to solve scientific problems.
IV. References
1. S. E. Koonin and D. C. Meredith, Computational Physics, Fortran Version, Westview Press, 1990
2. S. C. Chapra and R. P. Canale, Numerical Methods for Engineers with Software and Programming
Applications, Fourth Edition, McGraw-Hill, 2002.
3. M. T. Heath, Scientific Computing, McGraw-Hill, 1997
4. W.H. Press, S.A. Teukolsky, W.T. Vetterling, B.P. Flannery and M. Metcalf, Numerical Recipies in
FORTRAN 90, Vol. 2, Second Edition, Cambridge University Press, 2002.
5. H. Gould, J. Tobochnik, W. Christian, An Introduction to Computer Simulation Methods, Third
Edition, Pearson Education, 2007.
6. K. Binder and D. W. Heermann, Monte Carlo Simulation in Statistical Analysis, Fiftth Edition,
Springer-Verlag, Belin, Heidelberg, 2010
7. D. P. Landau and K. Binder, A Guide to Monte Carlo Simulations in Statistical Physics, Fourth
Edition, Cambridge University Press, 2015
8. M. P.Allen and D. J. Tildesley, Computer Simulations of Liquids, Oxford University Press, 1987
33
Phys 777 - Computational Materials Physics (8 ECTS)
I. Aims
The course specifically focuses on theoretical but numerical approaches in solving problems in
condensed matter physics. Various theoretical methods and the corresponding analytical / numerical
solutions for problems will be explored. Works will be problem and application oriented. The student
writes a report by making simulations on given topics in condensed matter systems.
II. Contents
Quantum transport of spin and charge, Magnetization Dynamics, Magnetism, Quantum phase
transition, Phase transition, Quantum fluids, Classical and Quantum critical phenomena, Strongly and
Weakly correlated systems, Ferroelectrics, Ferromagnetism, Quantum solids, AC magnetoelectronics,
DC transport in ferromagnetic systems, Mesoscale modeling, Mesoscopic systems, Quantum fluids,
Nanosystems, Photonic crystals and novel systems structures.
III. Learning outcomes
Having studied this course student will be able to:
 learn a selection of computational methods and examples as applied and focused on studying
materials,
 learn how to make symbolic and numerical computations via examples, and
 write a selection of computational methods and demonstrate the results in the form of project
and/or exam reports.
 The student will be able to formulate a theoretical and computational strategy to solve a given
problem, use one or more computational methods, make it concrete through programming and
running the program and then critically analyze the obtained result, communicate the result in
writing in a format close to the standard used in international physics journals.
IV. References
1. K. Ohno, K. Esfarjani, et al., Computational Material Science: From Ab initio to Monte Carlo
Methods, Springer, 1999.
2. J.J. Binney et al., The Theory of Critical Phenomena, Clarendon press, Oxford, 2002.
3. Stephen Elliot, The Physics and Chemistry of Solids, Cambridge, 2004.
4. M. P.Allen and D. J. Tildesley, Computer Simulations of Liquids, Oxford University Press, 1987
5. S. Baranovski, Charge Transport in Disordered Solids with Applications in Electronics, John Wiley
& Sons, Ltd, 2006.
6. R. Farchioni and G. Grosso, Organic Electronic Materials: Conjugated Polymers and Low
Molecular Weight Organic Solids, , Springer-Verlag, Belin, Heidelberg, 2001
7. N. F. Mott and E. A. Davis, Electronic Processes in Non-Crystalline Materials, Second Edition,
Oxford University Press, 1979.
8. A. R. Leach, Molecular Modeling Principles and Applications, Second Edition, Pearson Education
Limited, 2001.
34
Phys 781 - Quantum Field Theory I (8 ECTS)
I. Aims
The aim of this course is to enable students to acquire basic knowledge of relativistic wave equations
and Quantum Electrodynamics which describes the interaction of light with matter and its applications
to some fundamental processes.
II. Contents
Relativistic wave equations: Klein Gordon and Dirac equations, wave functions, eigen values,
negative energy states: anti-particles. Covariant form of Dirac equations and its invariances under:
Lorentz-transformations, rotations, parity transformations and charge conjugation, Bilinear
covariants. Covariant formulation of Maxwell's equations, Propagator formulation of Dirac equation,
Propagators for Dirac particles and photons. Free Field Theory: Action principle and its application to
classical fields, covariant form of Euler-Lagrange equation, Lagrangian formulation for classical Scalar,
Dirac and Electromagnetic fields. Quantization of Classical, Dirac and Electromagnetic fields:
canonical quantization procedure.
 After completing the course student should be able to understand the Lagrangian formulation of
Quantum Electrodynamics.
Having studied this course students will be able to:
 calculate transition amplitudes and cross sections using Feynman diagrams for various processes
at tree-level.
IV. References
1. J. J. Sakurai, Advanced Quantum Mechanics (Pearson Education), (2003).
2. M. E. Peskin and D. V. Schroeder, An Introduction to Quantum Field Theory (West View Press)
(2005).
3. J. D. Bjorken, S. D. Drell, Relativistic Quantum Mechanics (McGraw-Hill Book Company) (1965).
4. J. D. Bjorken, S. D. Drell, Relativistic Quantum Fields (McGraw-Hill Book Company) (1965).
5. R. P. Feynman, Quantum Electrodynamics, (W. A. Benjamin, N.Y.) (1961).
6. R. P. Feynman, Theory of Fundamental Processes, (W.A. Benjamin, N.Y.) (1961).
7. C. Itzykson, J-B Zuber, Quantum Field Theory, (McGraw-Hill Book Company) (1980).
Phys 783 - Quantum Field Theory II (8 ECTS)
I. Aims
The aim of this course is to enable students to acquire understanding of higher-order processes
(beyond tree level) in Quantum Electrodynamics and also the techniques of renormalization. The
course further aims to introduce the students to non-abelian gauge theories like QCD.
35
II. Contents
Interacting Quantum Fields: Interaction picture, S-matrix expansion, Global and local gauge
invariance, QED: U(1) gauge theory, QED Lagrangian, Time ordered and normal ordered products of
fields, Wick’s theorem, Propagators for Scalar, Dirac and electromagnetic fields as vacuum
expectation values of time ordered products of fields. Derivation of Feynman diagrams. Cross section,
Second order processes in QED: Mott scattering, Moller scattering, Bhabha scattering,
Bremsstrahlung, Compton scattering, Pair production and Pair creation processes and their cross
sectional calculations, Crossing symmetry and relations between the amplitudes for above processes,
Mendelstam (s,t,u) variables.
Having studied this course students will be able to:
 understand the techniques of renormalization in Quantum Electrodynamics, and
 understand the Lagrangian formulation of non-abelian gauge theories like QCD and also
Feynman rules.
In addition to acquiring subject specific knowledge student should be able to:
 calculate transition amplitudes and cross sections for various fourth-order processes (involving
loops) in Quantum Electrodynamics. and
 apply the Lagrangian formulation of non-abelian gauge theories like QCD and also Feynman
rules in calculation of some elementary processes in QCD.
IV. References
1. J. J. Sakurai, Advanced Quantum Mechanics (Pearson Education), (2003).
2. M. E. Peskin and D. V. Schroeder, An Introduction to Quantum Field Theory (West View Press)
(2005).
3. J. D. Bjorken, S. D. Drell, Relativistic Quantum Mechanics (McGraw-Hill Book Company) (1965).
4. J. D. Bjorken, S. D. Drell, Relativistic Quantum Fields (McGraw-Hill Book Company) (1965).
5. R. P. Feynman, Quantum Electrodynamics, (W.A. Benjamin, N.Y.) (1961).
6. R. P. Feynman, Theory of Fundamental Processes, (W.A. Benjamin, N.Y.) (1961).
7. C. Itzykson, J-B Zuber, Quantum Field Theory, (McGraw-Hill Book Company) (1980).
Phys 791 - Quantum Optics I (8 ECTS)
I. Aims
The aim of this course is to enable students to acquire a working knowledge of certain quantum states
of light and some quantum distribution functions.
II. Contents
The quantum radiation field, Number states, Coherent states, Chaotic states, Squeezed states, The P
function, The Q function, The Wigner function, The photon number distribution, The photon count
36
distribution, The master equation for a cavity mode, The Fokker-Planck equation, The quantum
Langevin equation, Input-output relation
At the end of this course, the students will be familiar with various quantum distribution functions
and equations of evolution of cavity modes.
IV. References
1. Fesseha Kassahun, Refined Quantum Analysis of Light (CreateSpace Independent Publishing
Platform, 2014).
2. M.O. Scully and M.S. Zubairy, Quantum Optics (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1997).
3. D.F. Walls and G.J. Milburn, Quantum Optics (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1994).
Phys 793 - Quantum Optics II (8 ECTS)
I. Aims
The aim of this course is to enable students to acquire a working knowledge of atom-radiation
interaction, resonance fluorescence, and atom cooling.
II. Contents
The atom-radiation interaction Hamiltonian, Atomic dynamics, Collapse and revival, The master
equation for a two-level atom, Resonance fluorescence: Photon antibunching, Photon statistics,
Power spectrum, Cooling of a two-level atom: The retarding force, The effective temperature
At the end of this course, the students will be familiar with the quantum properties of the fluorescent
light from a two-level atom, and the cooling of a two-level atom by coherent light.
IV. References
1. Fesseha Kassahun, Refined Quantum Analysis of Light (CreateSpace Independent Publishing
Platform, 2014).
2. M.O. Scully and M.S. Zubairy, Quantum Optics (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge,1997).
3. D.F. Walls and G.J. Milburn, Quantum Optics (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1994).
Phys 798 - Graduate Project (23 ECTS)
A graduate student will carry out a project work on a selected problem in the intended area of
specialization.
Phys 799 - Graduate Thesis (30 ECTS)
A graduate student will carry out a thesis work on a selected problem in the intended area of
specialization.
37
13. Appendices
13.1. Program Schedule
Schedule of Course
Course Code Course Title ECTS
Offerings
Phys 601 Mathematical Methods of Physics 7
Phys 603 Statistical Mechanics 7 First Year
Phys 605 Experimental Physics 7 First Semester
Phys 607 Classical Mechanics 7
Phys 602 Electromagnetic Theory 8

First Year
Phys 604 Quantum Mechanics 8
Second Semester
Phys 606 Computational Physics 7
Phys xxx Specialization Course I 8

Second Year
Phys xxx Specialization Course II 8
First Semester
Phys 799/798 Graduate Thesis/Project 30/23
Second Year
Phys 799/798 Graduate Thesis/Project 30/23
Second Semester
Total 97/90
13.2. Module and Course Codes and Sequence

13.2.1. Course Coding and Sequence
All courses are coded "Phys" followed by three digits (i.e., Phys xxx):
 The first digit indicates the level of the course.
 The middle digits indicate the various streams of Physics courses, i.e.,
 0 - Compulsory (Common) Courses
 1 - Laser Spectroscopy and Phase Integral Methods
 2 - Space Physics
 3 - Atmospheric Physics
 4 - Condensed Matter Physics and Polymer Physics
 5 - Astronomy-Astrophysics
 6 - Nuclear Physics and Magnetic Resonance Imaging
 7 - Statistical Physics and Modeling and Simulation
 8 - Quantum Field Theory
 9 - Quantum Optics and Thesis/Project
 The last digits stand for semester in which the course is to be delivered (with the
exception of Graduate Thesis/Project), i.e.,
 Odd last digit courses are to be delivered during the first semester.
 Even last digit courses are to be delivered during the second semester.
38
13.2.2. Module Coding
Modules are coded “Phys” appended by "-M" followed by three digits:
 The first digit indicates the level of the module:
– 6 for first year modules and
– 7 for second year modules.
 The middle digit indicates the serial number of the module in the program 1, 2, 3, . . .
 The last digit indicates the type of the module:
- 0 for compulsory modules,
- 1 for specialization modules, and
- 2 for thesis/project.
39
13.3. Academic Staffs Profile
No. Name Sex Rank Qualification
1 Abraham Amaha M Assistant Professor Scattering Theory
2 Ashok K. Chaubey M Professor Nuclear Physics
3 Araya Asfaw M Associate Professor Laser Spectroscopy
4 Ashok V. Gholap M Professor Plasma & Laser Spectroscopy
5 Asnakew Bewketu M Lecturer Astrophysics/Astronomy
6 Belayneh Mesfin M Assistant Professor Solid State Physics
7 Deribe Hirpo M Assistant Professor Quantum Optics
8 Fesseha Kassahun M Associate Professor Quantum Optics
9 Gizaw Mengistu M Associate Professor Atmospheric Phys. & Remote Sensing
10 Kenate Nemera M Assistant Professor Condensed Matter Physics
11 Legesse Wetro M Assistant Professor Astrophysics/Astronomy
12 Lemi Demeyu M Assistant Professor Computational Physics
13 Mesfin Birile M Lecturer Electrical & Computer Engineering
14 Mesfin Gezahegn M Lecturer Quantum Field Theory
15 Mesfin Tadesse M Lecturer Condensed Matter
16 Mulugeta Bekele M Associate Professor Condensed Matter Physics
17 Pooran Singh M Professor Condensed Matter Physics
18 Shashank Bhatnagar M Associate Professor Quantum Field Theory
19 Tadelech Atomssa F Assistant Professor Laser Spectroscopy
20 Tatek Yirgu M Assistant Professor Biological Physics
21 Tesfu Kassaye M Lecturer Nuclear Physics
22 Tesgera Bedassa M Assistant Professor Solid State Physics
23 Teshome Abay M Lecturer Atomic Physics
24 Teshome Senbeta M Assistant Professor Condensed Matter Physics
25 Tilahun Tesfaye M Assistant Professor Radiation Physics
26 Yitagesu Elfagd M Assistant Professor Statistical Physics
27 Ato Bogale Ayalew M BSc & Diploma Computer & Electrical Engineering (TA)
28 Ato Debebe Mamo M Diploma Electricity (Technical Assistant - TA)
29 Ato Eshetu Admassu M Diploma Electrical Engineering (TA)
30 Ato Semahegn Abayneh M BSc Physics (TA)
31 Ato Tesfaye Mamo M BSc Physics (TA)
40
13.4. Main Facilities
1. Two lecture rooms for graduate classes
2. Two computational laboratories, each consisting of more than 15 computers equipped with
required application and simulation soft-wares. Most of the desktop computers are connected
to the WEB that enables graduate student to have access to on-line educational materials.
3. A graduate laboratory with about eight complete experimental setups in different areas of
physics
4. A graduate reading room ("mini-library") equipped with essential and relevant graduate level
books and references
5. Four Research Laboratories in
(i) Atmospheric and Space Physics,
(ii) Laser Spectroscopy,
(iii) Nuclear Physics, and
(iv) Polymer Physics .
Each of the laboratories are fairly equipped with required equipments.
41

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CONTENTS

7.2 Specialization Modules and Courses

II. Space Physics

Module No. Course No. Course Title ECTS

III. Atmospheric Physics

Module No. Course No. Course Title ECTS

IV. Condensed Matter Physics

Module No. Course No. Course Title ECTS

Module No. Course No. Course Title ECTS

VI. Nuclear Physics

Module No. Course No. Course Title ECTS

Module No. Course No. Course Title ECTS

VIII. Statistical Physics

Module No. Course No. Course Title ECTS

IX. Quantum Field Theory

Module No. Course No. Course Title ECTS

Module No. Course No. Course Title ECTS

XI. Modeling and Simulation of Novel Materials

Module No. Course No. Course Title ECTS

XII. Polymer Physics

Module No. Course No. Course Title ECTS

XIII. Phase Integral Methods

Module No. Course No. Course Title ECTS

12. Course Descriptions and Modes of Delivery

12.1 Modes of Teaching and Learning

Phys 601 - Mathematical Methods of Physics (7 ECTS)

Phys 602 - Electromagnetic Theory (8 ECTS)

Phys 604 - Quantum Mechanics (8 ECTS)

Phys 605 - Experimental Physics (7 ECTS)

Phys 606 - Computational Physics (7 ECTS)

Phys 607 - Classical Mechanics (7 ECTS)

12.3.2 Courses in Specialization Module

Phys 711 - Principles of Lasers and their Applications (8 ECTS)

Phys 713 - Laser Spectroscopy I (8 ECTS)

Phys 715 - Phase Integral Method I ( 8 ECTS)

Phys 721 - Space Physics I (8 ECTS)

Phys 723 - Space Physics II (8 ECTS)

Phys 731 - Introduction to Atmospheric Physics (8 ECTS)

Phys 745 - Polymer Physics (8 ECTS)

Phys 747 - The Physics of Solar Cells (8 ECTS)

Phys 751 - Relativistic Astrophysics (8 ECTS)

Phys 761 - Nuclear Physics I (8 ECTS)

Phys 765 - Magnetic Resonance Imaging I (8 ECTS)

Phys 767 - Magnetic Resonance Imaging II (8 ECTS)

Phys 771 - Statistical Physics I (8 ECTS)

Phys 775 - Advanced Computational Physics (8 ECTS)

Phys 783 - Quantum Field Theory II (8 ECTS)

Phys 791 - Quantum Optics I (8 ECTS)

Phys 793 - Quantum Optics II (8 ECTS)

Phys 798 - Graduate Project (23 ECTS)

Phys 799 - Graduate Thesis (30 ECTS)

Phys 602 Electromagnetic Theory 8

Phys xxx Specialization Course I 8

13.2. Module and Course Codes and Sequence

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