What is Epidemiology?

The branch of medicine that deals

with the incidence, distribution, and
possible control of diseases and
other factors relating to health.
What is Gingivitis?
 It is the inflammation of the gingiva.
 Epidemiology of Gingival
diseases locally
Karachi
Title of article : An Epidemiological Study of Prevalence
of Dental Caries and Periodontal Disease among Adults
in Deprived Areas- Karachi

Author : Siddiqui Talha Muhammad

Year : 2013
 Objective : The purpose of the study is to assess the prevalence
of caries and periodontal disease amongst adult population in
deprived district of Karachi.

 Type of Study : Cross Sectional

 Results : Gingivitis was reported in 22 patients from rural area

and 193 patients from urban locality.

 Conclusion : The present study concludes that there is a need

to provide oral health care services in rural areas of Karachi.
 Hyderabad
 Title of article : PLAQUE SCORE AND GINGIVAL HEALTH STATUS
AMONG 6-12 YEARS OLD CHILDREN IN HYDERABAD DIVISION

 Author : Abdul Bari Memon

 Year : 2014
 The objective of this study was to evaluate the
plaque score and gingival health status among 6-12
years old school children.

 Type of Study : Cross Sectional

 Results : The gingivitis was seen in 80.7% students. Gingivitis

was more in the rural children than from urban areas

 Conclusion : The conclusion was to provide good oral health in

rural areas of Hyderabad.
 Epidemiology of Gingivitis
Regionally
India
Title of Study : Prevalence of Gingivitis among Children of Urban
and Rural Areas of Bhopal District, India

Author : Vijayta Sharva

Year of Study : 2014

 Objective : To find the prevalence of gingivitis

 Type of Study : Cross Sectional

 Results: Prevalence of gingivitis was 59% found. 584

out of (53.09 %) children had mild gingivitis,61(5.5%)
children had moderate gingivitis out of 1100 childen.

 Conclusion: This indicates the need for community

health activities and awareness program.
 Bangladesh
Title of article : Oral hygiene practice among the primary school
children in selected rural areas of Bangladesh

Author : AFM Sarwar

Year : 2012
 Objective : To determine the oral hygiene practices,
periodontal status and bad mouth breath (BMB)
among the children age between 5 to 15 years.

 Type of Study : Cross Sectional

 Results : The prevalence of gingival bleeding was

66.8% of total 250 students

 Conclusion : This indicates the need for oral health

promotion and awareness programs.
 Nepal
Title of Article : The Evaluation of Prevalence, Extension and
Severity of Gingival Recession among Rural Nepalese Adults

Author : Manoj Humagain

Year : 2013
 Objective : To assess the prevalence, extension and severity of
gingival recession among rural Nepalese adults.

 Type of study : Cross sectional

 Result : Gingival recession was present in 65.44 % of the total

study sample and mean number of teeth with gingival
recession was 9.77. The prevalence of gingival recession was
41.37%, 58.90%, 77.41% and 86.79% in age groups of 20-29 years,
30-39 years, 40-49 years and ≥ 50 years respectively.

 Conclusion : needs for promotion of oral health is needed.

Epidemiology of gingivitis
globally
United States Of America
Title of Article : Prevalence and severity of
gingivitis in American adults.
Author : Li Y
Year : 2010
 Objective : To investigate prevalence and severity of
gingivitis in representative American adults.

 Results : The males having gingivitis was significantly

higher than the females'; African-Americans showed
a significantly higher than other races except for the
Native-Americans.
 Kenya
Title of Article : Oral Health Status of Adults in
Rural Meru, Kenya
Author : Spencer Crouch
 Objective : This study aimed to assess the oral health status of
adults in the rural Kithoka community of Meru, Kenya.

 Type of Study : Cross Sectional

 Results : Ten percent of the population presented with no gingival

inflammation, 75% had mild-moderate inflammation, and 15% had
severe inflammation; reminiscent of the natural history of
periodontal disease percentages reported for untreated
populations.

 Conclusion : there is a need for increased oral care and

implementation of cost-effective preventive strategies in this
community.