‘Kalesa’

What does it
usually carry?

Why do they use

horses to carry the
carriage?
 Science, Technology,
Engineering, and Mathematics

General
LESSON 2.2
Physics 1
❑ Power
 Learning Objectives

1. Define power.
2. Relate the concepts of work, time and
power.
3. Calculate power in terms of work done,
the force and velocity.
 POWER

Power– is a quantity that measures the rate at

which work is done or energy is transformed.

𝑾𝒐𝒓𝒌 𝑾
𝐏𝐨𝐰𝐞𝐫 = 𝐏=
𝑻𝒊𝒎𝒆 𝒕
since, W = F x d, then,

𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒄𝒆 𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒑𝒍𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕
𝐏𝐨𝐰𝐞𝐫 =
𝑻𝒊𝒎𝒆
 POWER

Power– is a quantity that measures the rate at

which work is done or energy is transformed.
𝑭 𝒅 𝑭 𝒅 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝜽
𝐏= 𝐏=
𝒕 𝒕
𝑑
If = 𝑣, therefore, power can also be written in terms of force
𝑡
and velocity,

𝑷= 𝒇 𝒗 𝑷 = 𝒇 𝒗 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝜽
 POWER

❑ Since work has a unit Joule (J), and time has a

unit second (s), the SI unit for power is Joule
per second (J/s).
❑ 1 J/s = 1 Watt (W)
❑ 1 horsepower (hp) = 746 watts
 Check Your Understanding!

Two physics students, Will N. Andable and

Ben Pumpiniron are in the weightlifting room.
Will lifts the 100-pound barbell over his head
10 times in one minute; Ben lifts the 100-
pound barbell over his head 10 times in 10
seconds. Which student does the most work?
Which student delivers the most power?

Ben and Will do the same amount of work. They apply the same force to lift the same barbell the same
distance above their heads. Yet, Ben is the most "power-full" since he does the same work in less time.
Power and time are inversely proportional.
 Check Your Understanding!

An escalator is used to move 20 passengers every minute from

the first floor of a department store to the second. The second
floor is located 5.20 meters above the first floor. The average
passenger's mass is 54.9 kg. Determine the power requirement
of the escalator in order to move this number of passengers in
this amount of time.
A good strategy would involve determining
the work required to elevate one average
passenger. Then multiply this value by 20 to P = 932.57 W
determine the total work for elevating 20
passengers. Finally, the power can be
determined by dividing this total work value
by the time required to do the work.
 Check Your Understanding!

1. In physics, power depends on what two factors?

The amount of work and the rate at which the work is

done (P=W/t).
 Check Your Understanding!

2. In your own words, describe the relationship between power

and the amount of time it takes to do work.

P = W/t, so power and the time it takes to do work are

inversely proportional. As the time it takes to do a
certain amount of work increases, the power
decreases.
 Check Your Understanding!

Lisa expends 180 W of power by doing 1800 J of work in 10 s.

Determine what happens to her power output in the following

situations:

3. She takes twice as long to do the same amount of work

The power is halved

P = W/t
1800 J/20 s = 90 W
 Check Your Understanding!

Lisa expends 180 W of power by doing 1800 J of work in 10 s.

Determine what happens to her power output in the following

situations:

4. It takes her half the time to do the same amount of work

The power is doubled

P = W/t
1800 J/5s = 360 W
 Check Your Understanding!

A piano with a mass of 130 kg is lifted 10m above the ground

in 5 s by a crane.

5. What is the power used by the crane, measured in watts?

W = (1274 N)(10 m) = 12,740 J

T=5s
P = W/t = 2548 W
 Check Your Understanding!

A piano with a mass of 130 kg is lifted 10m above the ground

in 5 s by a crane.

6. What is the power used by the crane, measured in

kilowatts?
1000 W = 1 kW
P = 2.548 kW
 Check Your Understanding!

A piano with a mass of 130 kg is lifted 10m above the ground

in 5 s by a crane.

7. What is the power used by the crane, measured in

horsepower?

1 hp=746 W

𝟏 𝒉𝒑
𝟐𝟓𝟒𝟖 𝑾 = 𝟑. 𝟒𝟐 𝒉𝒑
𝟕𝟒𝟔 𝑾
 POWER

Problem Set # 2.1: Power

1. How long does it take a 19 kW steam engine to do 6.8 x

10^7 J of work?
2. A 1.0 x 10^3 kg elevator carries a maximum load of 800.0
kg. A constant frictional force of 4.0 × 10^3 N retards the
elevator’s motion upward. What minimum power, in kilowatts,
must the motor deliver to lift the fully loaded elevator at a
constant speed of 3.00 m/s?
 POWER

Problem Set # 2.2: Power

3. A car with a mass of 1.50 x 10^3 kg starts from rest and

accelerates to a speed of 18.0 m/s in 12.0 s. assume that the
force of resistance remains constant at 40.0 N during this time.
What is the average power developed by the car’s engine?