Technical Explanation for Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPSs) Poracy Introduction What Is a Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS)? 'AUPS, or a unintorruptibie power supply, i a dovico used to backup a power supply to provent devices and systome from power ‘supply probloms, such as a power failure or lightning strikes. A UPS can help prevent power supply problems that can often occur ‘on a production st, such as an instantaneous voltage drop and a power failure, Types of Pewer Suppiy Problems Function it power supply o devices stops because ofan instantaneous vollage drop or a power fallure, devices such as PCs or registers shut down abnormally, which can damage hard disks and corrupt the data. A UPS can supply power to devices from a builtin battery fora given period of ime during an instantaneous vollage drop or a power failure to protect devices and important data Classifications Mechanism ‘There are two major classifications of UPSs: BC inpuvDC ‘output modols and AC inpu/AC output modols. Solact tho ‘optimum UPS for your needs based on the type of power supply, load capacity, and other specifications ofthe equipment and devices that you want to backup. Youcan also se a UPS together with a switch mode power supply to further increase your options, PE ‘ADC-DC UPS is the optimum option for backing up devices with a DC input power supply. one | EEE renew ‘An AC-AC UPS Is the optimum option for backing up devices with an AC input power supply During normal operation, the input power supply bypasses the UPS and is output as-is, During backup operation when a power failure or an instantaneous vollage drop has occurred, the UPS changes to inverter operation with power supplied ‘rom is intemal battery amas Selection Method Check the power consumption (W) ofthe device that will be backed up by the UPS, and select a UPS that has an output capacity greater than that amount 'Do-D¢ Selection Example ue geet ~ #8 omenTechnical Explanation for Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPSs) Explanation of Terms Rated Input Voltage ‘The rated valu of the input voltage thal can be used by the UPS. Input Voltage Range ‘The input voltage range in which a normal operation is possible. A UPS performs backup operation when the input voltage is outside ofthis range. Maximum Current ‘The maximum input curent of the UPS. Maximum Current Conditions twill be the maximum current value when the fllowing conditions are met. (1) The rated load is connected to the UPS. (2) The input voltage is atthe minimum value. (8) The batty is being charged, Input Terminal ‘The input terminal type of the input power supply. Input Protection ‘The type of input overcurrent protection in the UPS. ‘This can be either a fuse ora resettable overcurrent protector. ‘Atuse must be replaced when input overcurrent protection is ‘activated. With a resettable overcurrent protector, the UPS. ‘operation can be restored by operating a switch Input Protection Capacity The delected current value forthe input overcurrent protection. Inrush Current ‘The inrush current on the input power supply side ofthe UPS. Rated Current The rated current on the output side ofthe UPS, ‘Switching Time “The amount ofime required to switch to backup operation when a power failure occurs. ‘Output Voltage ‘The rated value ofthe output volage, ‘Output Terminal The output terminal type ofthe UPS output. Overload Protection ‘The conditions for the operation of overioad protection when the raled curtent on the UPS output side is exceeded Battery Type ‘Tho typo of battery pack in tho UPS. Battery Rated Voltage The rated voliage ofthe battery pack in the UPS. Battery Rated Capacity ‘The rated capacity ofthe battry pack in the UPS. Expected Battery Lite The ie expectancy forthe battery when used fr trickle charging to perform backup operation one or two times per month. Auto Battery Check Function ‘A solt diagnostic testis automatically performed at rogular intervals to diagnose and send notification when the battery needs to be replaced. Battery Life Counter Fun ‘Aunetion that uses the UPS's bull-in temperature sensor to calculate the battry life expectancy and send notification when battery replacement becomes necessary. Charging Time ‘The amount of time required to fully charge the battery afterit has been completely discharged, Backup Time ‘The estimated backup time thatis possible in an environment with an ambient temperature of 25 °C and when the battery is in its intial stat (Le, with no deterioration). Ambient Operating Temperature and Humidity ‘The ambient temperature and humidity range in which the UPS can be used Ambient Storage Temperature Humidity “The ambient temperature and humidity range in which the UPS can be stored, vi ‘reference value for vibration resistance, ‘Shock Resistance ‘Areference value for shock resistance. Cooling Method ‘The cooling method of the UPS main unit + Forcedair cooing: An internal cooling fan operates when needed for cooling + Natural al cooling: No bull-n cooling fan is used for queter| operation. Voltage Resistan ‘A alerence value for voltage resistance, Insulation Resistance ‘reference value for insulation resistance, Applicable Safety Standards ‘The safety standards thatthe UPS conforms to. ‘+ UL: A safety standard applicable in the USA that ‘symbolizes the safty of electric goods. ‘+ CE: Amark (called the CE Marking) that incicates compliance with EC directives. The EC directives are safety standards applicable in the EU that symbolizes the safety of electric goods, Internal Power Consumption The power consumed by the UPS (Unit: W) ‘Normal: The power consumption during normal operation when the battery is fully charge. ‘Maximum: The power consumption during normal operation at the maximum battery charging current Whether or not there is a RS-232C or USB communications port and the interface terminal YO Port Whether or not there are UO signals and the interface terminal Additional Functions Settings, test, and other functions built into the UPS. omen EETechnical Explanation for Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPSs) Further Information Shutdown Software UPS Configuration Utility ‘The UPS shutdown software is used to shutdown a PC's ‘operating system and the UPS automatically when there ls a power supply problem. Special shutdown software is provided by the UPS manufacturers. You can use the folowing software with OMRON UPSs: (Simple Shutdown Software) * This software enables automatic shutdown of the computer and the UPS when there is an input power supply problem (9, a power failure) + This open-source version is provided as a tree download, + You can use this software and its source code to add an automatic shutdown function to your Windows or Linux systems. Main Features + You can use this software to automatically shut down your ‘computer and OMRON UPS when there is an input power supply problem (e.g. power failure) + You can modify and recompile the source code to add the billy to manage an OMRON UPS from your Windows or Linux systoms. Connection Precautions * USB connection: The USB cable that comes with the product can be used. + RS.232C connection: An optional connection cable (SBBW- C01) is require, © USB Connection = ‘The UPS Configuration Unily Is software for configuring UPS settings. You can use the software to easily change UPS. settings. You can also set the maximum backup time, backup the UPS settings to fie, and transter settings to another UPS, Main Settings * Besper sating + Auto restan setting + Input sensitivity setting + Maximum backup time setting + VO signal delay time setting Utility Functions * Sending and receiving commands + Saving settings to a backup fle + Flestoring settings from a backup fle + Fleading out settings from a UPS. + Fleseting UPS settings to default values Battery Battorios havea limited ifespan. (The life varies depending on Your storage/use environment and backup frequency.) ‘The nearer the end ofthe ies, the more rapidly deterioration proceeds, Example Life Expectancy for an S8BA-sorios Battory Note: Nota guaranteed performance. ery le expectancy Backup Time ‘The backup time will shorten as the batty deteriorates over time. At the end ofthe batter's expected service Iie, the backup time is approximately half that of when the battery was Note:The backup timas inthe datashest ar reference only. Actua results depend on tho requenay ef Bacup oporation ana ‘ome! environmental candvans (a. tomporatre). omen EETechnical Explanation for Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPSs) Troubleshooting Perform the check shown below ifthe UPS Is operating abnormally. rabiem (Check and remedy “The UPS does not start operation. The LED does not appear when the AC Input is. Yo commercial power and the “Power” switch Is turned ON. Mako sure tal the AG nuts socorelyconnectod to commercial power. te status nestor does nt eeplay ropary aftr you perform the above operation, here problem with the UPS. Retarto Interpreting beeps and dsplays inthe user's manus Fie battery may not be fay charged Charge tne bate fora! least the spctied cnarging time. Vien input power supply ss connestes tothe UPS and the power is tumed ON, battery charging operation star inen the Power swt stumed OFF, the battery charzing operation does net stan Backup is performed too frequently. Frequent switching is performed although a ower fallure does not occur You hear the sound of witching. “The powers not turned ON even when the __|!he tatusindcator displays “or ‘The power s not turned ON even when the "Power" switch Is pressed Variaons (decreas) inthe np power occur Venue, Or, noise may be cluded that sigicanly estore the voltage waveferm ofthe input power "Tey and chock what happens when connecing the UPS oa front wal out (commer power located soma distance away tom the device consuming large amount of power + This problem may occur also when you connact many devies to apg stp ar extension Cord eonmected tothe UPS itis along erthin cable, th input voage souls ho Input voage range andthe UPS cannot sta. [Check te input voage is win the input voage range, The battery replacement alert "bo"Is displayed. * Battery replacement alr "bo" Binks ‘The bar is ugod Yo be deteriorated nthe set-sagnosis est. Backup operation lsts only fora shar period of te. Replace the batty. Refer fo Checking te battory inte User's manual + Battery eplacoment ale “ba umed ON: ‘The battery fe coumer has courted upto the it “The battry has been used up fos ord... Replace the battry. ter to Notfeation that ho atary needs oe replacedin tho User's maa “The UPS ite alert ts displayed, The UPS has boon used up ots ond-otao Roplace the UPS with a new one as soon as possi. “The status indicator displays "OL" and the beeper sounds every 0.5 seconds. Ther are too mary connected devices. Reduce the numba of connected devices unl "Sn Ie clsplayed on the status deta. sounds a 0.S-second intoval, (Quip stopped duo o exconded connection capa ‘Tum OFF all power to the UPS ard connected devices, and reduce the numberof connected devs, Then, tum the power tthe tnt and connected doves back OK and hock whathor Ons played on tho status into Forthe user's manual, refer to the Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) Users Manual (Gat. No. U702) omen EN